DESC:POWER TRAIN FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE WITH SWAPPABLE POWER PACK
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims priority from Indian Provisional Patent Application No. 202321023319 filed on 29/03/2023, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by a reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure generally relates to power train unit for electric vehicles. The present disclosure particularly relates to a power train unit for electric vehicles with axial motor.
BACKGROUND
Recently, there has been a rapid development in electric vehicles because of their ability to resolve pollution-related problems and serve as a clean mode of transportation. Generally, electric vehicles include a battery pack, power pack, and/or combination of electric cells for storing electricity required for the propulsion of the vehicles. The electrical power stored in the battery pack of the electric vehicle is supplied to the traction motor for moving the electric vehicle. Once the electrical power stored in the battery pack of the electric vehicle is depleted, the battery pack is required to be charged from a power source or by replacing the depleted battery pack with a fully charged battery pack.
The replaceable battery packs are also known as swappable battery packs and resolve the problems of charger availability and range anxiety associated with fixed battery packs. Moreover, the swappable battery packs may also solve the problem high initial cost of ownership of the electric vehicles. Since the battery is the most expensive component of the electric vehicle, the cost associated with the ownership of the battery pack may be eliminated by getting a swappable battery as a service.
However, multiple number of swappable battery packs are required in one electric vehicle as the size and capacity of the swappable battery packs is small compared to a larger fixed battery pack. Due to the multiple number of swappable battery packs, it is difficult to design an electrical architecture that would enable efficient and optimum utilization of each of the swappable battery packs present in the vehicle. Moreover, it is difficult to manage motor control and driving control using a single traction inverter while multiple swappable battery packs are being utilized for supplying power to the traction motor. Furthermore, due to the multiple swappable battery packs, the electric vehicle may have circulating current reducing the efficiency of the traction system. Moreover, in the present systems with multiple swappable battery packs, the electric vehicle stops driving, if any one of the swappable battery packs is discharged or failed. Moreover, the multiple motor controller architectures have highly complex control schemes and require a precise phase and/or frequency syncing.
Therefore, there exists a need for an improved power train unit that overcomes one or more problems associated as set forth above.
SUMMARY
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a power train unit for an electric vehicle.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a power train unit with an axial motor comprising independently powered stators.
In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power train unit for an electric vehicle. The power train unit comprises an axial motor, comprising a plurality of stators and a rotor, and a plurality of swappable power packs, wherein each of the swappable power pack comprises an integrated bi-directional power converter. Each of the plurality of stator is powered independently by corresponding swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs.
The present disclosure provides a power train unit for an electric vehicle. Beneficially, the power train unit of the present disclosure comprises an axial motor. Beneficially, the power train unit of the present disclosure comprises a plurality of swappable power packs with integrated power bi-directional power converter capable of independently driving the axial motor. Beneficially, the power train unit of the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of having high power density compared to a similar rated motor. Furthermore, the power train unit of the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of low DC bus ripple. Beneficially, the axial motor of the power train unit is beneficially capable of operating even when some swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs are discharged or suffers from failure. Beneficially, the power train unit of the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of reduced circulating current. Beneficially, the power train unit of the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of the efficient operation of the electric vehicle. Beneficially, during the light operation of the electric vehicle such as crawling or coasting, all the swappable power packs are not required to supply power to the axial motor. Beneficially, the power train unit of the electric vehicle eliminates the requirement of phase syncing the drive train units by independently powering the stators of the axial motor. Beneficially, the power train unit of the electric vehicle eliminates the requirement of frequency syncing the drive train units by independently powering the stators of the axial motor. Beneficially, the power train unit of the electric vehicle enables efficient load distribution between the drive train units by independently powering the stators of the axial motor. Beneficially, the power train unit of the electric vehicle eliminates the requirement of any complex control scheme by independently powering the stators of the axial motor.
Additional aspects, advantages, features, and objects of the present disclosure would be made apparent from the drawings and the detailed description of the illustrative embodiments constructed in conjunction with the appended claims that follow.
It will be appreciated that features of the present disclosure are susceptible to being combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The summary above, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, exemplary constructions of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to specific methods and instrumentalities disclosed herein. Moreover, those in the art will understand that the drawings are not to scale. Wherever possible, like elements have been indicated by identical numbers.
Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a power train unit for an electric vehicle, in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.
In the accompanying drawings, an underlined number is employed to represent an item over which the underlined number is positioned or an item to which the underlined number is adjacent. A non-underlined number relates to an item identified by a line linking the non-underlined number to the item. When a number is non-underlined and accompanied by an associated arrow, the non-underlined number is used to identify a general item at which the arrow is pointing.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Although some modes of carrying out the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art would recognize that other embodiments for carrying out or practicing the present disclosure are also possible.
The description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of certain embodiments of a power train unit and is not intended to represent the only forms that may be developed or utilized. The description sets forth the various structures and/or functions in connection with the illustrated embodiments; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the disclosure that may be embodied in various and alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to scale; some features may be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention.
While the disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiment thereof has been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail below. It should be understood, however, that it is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the disclosure is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the disclosure.
The terms “comprise”, “comprises”, “comprising”, “include(s)”, or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a setup, or system that comprises a list of components or steps does not include only those components or steps but may include other components or steps not expressly listed or inherent to such setup or system. In other words, one or more elements in a system or apparatus preceded by “comprises... a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the system or apparatus.
In the following detailed description of the embodiments of the disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which are shown by way of illustration-specific embodiments in which the disclosure may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the disclosure, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The following description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.
The present disclosure will be described herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the description with unnecessary detail.
As used herein, the terms “electric vehicle”, “EV”, and “EVs” are used interchangeably and refer to any vehicle having stored electrical energy, including the vehicle capable of being charged from an external electrical power source. This may include vehicles having batteries that are exclusively charged from an external power source, as well as hybrid vehicles which may include batteries capable of being at least partially recharged via an external power source. Additionally, it is to be understood that the ‘electric vehicle’ as used herein includes electric two-wheelers, electric three-wheelers, electric four-wheelers, electric pickup trucks, electric trucks, and so forth.
As used herein, the term “power train unit” refers to the system for propelling the vehicle. The power train unit for an electric vehicle comprises at least one of: a traction motor, a traction battery, and a traction inverter. The power train's function is to convert kinetic energy into propulsion motion.
As used herein, the terms “swappable power pack” “battery pack”, “battery”, and “power pack” are used interchangeably and refer to multiple individual battery cells connected to provide a higher combined voltage or capacity than what a single battery can offer along with the necessary electronic components and circuitry required to do so. The battery pack is designed to store electrical energy and supply it as needed to various devices or systems. Battery packs, as referred herein may be used for various purposes such as power electric vehicles and other energy storage applications. Furthermore, the battery pack may include additional circuitry, such as a battery management system (BMS), to ensure the safe and efficient charging and discharging of the battery cells. The battery pack comprises a plurality of cell arrays which in turn comprises a plurality of battery cells.
As used herein, the term “independently powered” refers to supplying power to different stators from different power packs without any prior electrical syncing and/or communication between the power packs.
As used herein, the term “battery module” refers to a plurality of individual battery cells connected to provide a higher combined voltage or capacity. The battery module is used to store the electrical energy and provide the electrical energy when required.
As used herein, the terms “integrated bi-directional power converter”, “integrated converter”, “integrated power converter”, “bi-directional power converter”, and “power converter” refers to a power electronic device that converts the alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) or vice-versa. Preferably, the integrated converter is a switching converter that uses a semiconductor switch to convert the AC to DC or vice-versa. Beneficially, the integrated converter is more efficient than conventional linear converters.
As used herein, the term “battery management system” refers to an electronic device that manages the charging and discharging of the plurality of battery cells of the battery module. The battery management system may monitor the voltage and current during the charging and discharging process. Furthermore, the battery management system may monitor the temperature and state of charge of the plurality of battery cells of the battery module. Moreover, the battery management system may also perform cell balancing and provide protection to the plurality of battery cells from overcharging/ over discharging.
As used herein, the terms ‘microcontroller’ and ‘processor’ are used interchangeably and refer to a computational element that is operable to respond to and process instructions that control the integrated converter. Optionally, the microprocessor may be a micro-controller, a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, a digital signal processor, or any other type of processing unit. Furthermore, the term “microprocessor” may refer to one or more individual processors, processing devices, and various elements associated with a processing device that may be shared by other processing devices. Furthermore, the microprocessor may be designed to handle real-time tasks with high performance and low power consumption. Furthermore, the microprocessor may comprise custom and/or proprietary processors.
As used herein, the term “power source” refers to an equipment supplying AC power for charging the swappable power pack. The source may supply grid AC power or domestic AC power.
As used herein, the terms “DC link capacitor bank”, “DC link capacitor”, “DC bus capacitor”, and “capacitor” are used interchangeably and refer to a plurality of capacitors that are used to smooth out the fluctuating DC voltage coming from the battery module before it is converted into AC voltage to power the electric motor. The DC link capacitor bank functions to smooth out the power between the battery module and the power converter, stabilize the DC bus voltage, and act as energy storage for transient loads.
As used herein, the terms “plurality of phase inverter legs”, “phase inverter leg”, “inverter legs”, and “phase legs” are used interchangeably and refer to individual circuit blocks of the integrated power converter which are responsible for converting the DC power into the AC power and/or the AC power into the DC power. It is to be understood that each circuit block converts DC power into one phase of AC power, thus, based on the number of phases required for AC power, the number of phase inverter legs are utilized.
As used herein, the terms “axial drive motor”, “electric motor”, and “traction motor” are used interchangeably and refer to a motor specifically designed with multiple phases and employed for the purpose of propelling a vehicle, such as an electric vehicle. It is to be understood that the traction motors rely on electric power to generate motion and provide the necessary torque to drive the wheels of the electric vehicle. It is to be understood that the axial motor comprises multiple stators in which each stator is driven by its corresponding motor controller or power converter. The power converter may be integrated in the swappable power pack. Alternatively, the power converter may be outside the swappable power pack.
As used herein, the term “gate drivers” refers to electronic components responsible for controlling the switching of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) which forms switches in the power converter. It is to be understood that the gate drivers convert the control signal into precise voltage and current pulses required to turn the power electronics switches on and off rapidly. These switches may control the flow of electrical current to the electric motor, ultimately determining its speed, torque, and direction of rotation. Similarly, the switches may control the flow of the electric current to the battery module, for charging the battery module, when the swappable power pack is connected to the power source.
As used herein, the terms “switches” and “plurality of switch” are used interchangeably and refer to power electronics devices that control the flow of electric power from the battery module to the axial motor and/or from the power source to the battery module. The switches are responsible for converting the DC power into AC power and/or AC power into DC power. Beneficially, MOSFETs are used as switches in the integrated power converter as the MOSFETs have low on-state resistance that helps in reducing power losses and increasing the overall efficiency of the integrated power converter. The switches may be at least one of MOSFETs, IGBTs, transistors, or a combination thereof.
As used herein, the terms “plurality of sensors” “sensor arrangement” and “sensors” are used interchangeably and refer to a configuration of sensors in the battery management system to measure, monitor, or detect specific parameters, conditions, and/or events. The plurality of sensors may comprise current sensors, voltage sensors, hall effect sensors, insulation monitoring sensors, or a combination thereof.
Figure 1, in accordance with an embodiment, describes a power train unit 100 for an electric vehicle. The power train unit 100 comprises an axial motor 102, comprising a plurality of stators and a rotor, and a plurality of swappable power packs 104, wherein each of the swappable power pack comprises an integrated bi-directional power converter 106. Each of the plurality of stator is powered independently by corresponding swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs 104.
The present disclosure provides a power train unit 100 for an electric vehicle. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the present disclosure comprises an axial motor 102. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the present disclosure comprises a plurality of swappable power packs 104 with integrated power bi-directional power converter 106 capable of independently driving the axial motor 102. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of having high power density compared to a similar rated motor. Furthermore, the power train unit 100 of the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of low DC bus ripple. Beneficially, the axial motor 102 of the power train unit 100 is beneficially capable of operating even when some swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs 104 are discharged or suffers from failure. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of reduced circulating current. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the present disclosure is advantageous in terms of the efficient operation of the electric vehicle. Beneficially, during the light operation of the electric vehicle such as crawling or coasting, all the swappable power packs 104 are not required to supply power to the axial motor 102. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the electric vehicle eliminates the requirement of phase syncing the drive train units by independently powering the stators of the axial motor 102. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the electric vehicle eliminates the requirement of frequency syncing the drive train units by independently powering the stators of the axial motor 102. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the electric vehicle enables efficient load distribution between the drive train units by independently powering the stators of the axial motor 102. Beneficially, the power train unit 100 of the electric vehicle eliminates the requirement of any complex control scheme by independently powering the stators of the axial motor 102.
In an embodiment, the plurality of stator comprises two stators. Beneficially, the plurality of stators enables independent control of the axial motor 102. In an embodiment, the axial motor 102 may have more than two stators that are independently driven. Beneficially, the stators are independent enabling the operation of the axial motor 102 when either of the stator is not receiving power from its corresponding swappable power pack 104.
In an embodiment, number of swappable power packs 104 is equal to number of stators in the axial motor 102. In an embodiment, the power train unit 100 comprises two swappable power packs 104 and two stators of the axial motor 102.
In an embodiment, the number of swappable power packs 104 are in multiple to the number of stators in the axial motor 102. In an embodiment, the power train unit comprises four swappable power packs 104 and two stators of the axial motor 102. Similarly, in another embodiment, the power train unit comprises six swappable power packs 104 and three stators of the axial motor 102.
In an embodiment, each of the swappable power pack 104 comprises: at least one battery module 108, a battery management system 110, and the integrated bi-directional power converter 106, wherein the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 is configured to convert DC power received from the at least one battery module 108 into AC power, to drive the axial motor 102 of the power train unit 100.
In an embodiment, the battery management system 110 manages charging and discharging of the at least one battery module 108. Beneficially, the battery management system 110 interacts with a plurality of battery cells in the battery module 108 to monitor and manage the charging and discharging of the battery module 108. Beneficially, the battery management system 110 may prevent the overcharging and over discharging of the battery module 108. In an embodiment, the battery management system 110 monitors a plurality of parameters associated with the at least one battery module 108. It is to be understood that the plurality of parameters associated with the at least one battery module 108 may include charging voltage, charging current, discharging voltage, discharging current, temperature, state of charge, state of health, and so on. Beneficially, the battery management system 110 manages the charging and discharging of the at least one battery module 108 based on the plurality of parameters associated with the at least one battery module 108. In an embodiment, the battery management system 110 is communicably coupled to the integrated bi-directional power converter 106, to communicate the monitored plurality of parameters associated with the at least one battery module 108. Beneficially, the battery management system 110 communicates the monitored plurality of parameters associated with the at least one battery module 108 to the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 for efficient and optimized charging and discharging of the at least one battery module 108.
In an embodiment, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 comprises a DC link capacitor bank connected with the battery management system 108 to minimize voltage ripple between the battery management system 108 and the integrated bi-directional power converter 106. Beneficially, the DC link capacitor bank absorbs the periodic voltage and/or current spikes between the battery management system 108 and the integrated bi-directional power converter 106. It would be appreciated that the DC link capacitor bank would absorb the excess amount of voltage and/or current between the battery management system 108 and the integrated bi-directional power converter 106, and would supply the same to the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 when there is a drop in voltage and/or current between the battery management system 108 and the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 and vice-versa.
In an embodiment, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 supplies the AC power to the stator corresponding to the swappable power pack for driving the axial motor 102. It is to be understood that each integrated bi-directional power converter 106 supplies the AC power to the stator corresponding to the swappable power pack for driving the axial motor 102. Beneficially, such an arrangement enables independent driving of the different stators of the axial motor 102. More beneficially, such arrangement eliminates requirement of phase and/or frequency syncing between the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 of the swappable power packs 104.
In an embodiment, the plurality of stators, when powered by the corresponding swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs 104, drive the rotor of the axial motor 102. Beneficially, such arrangement enables magnetic linking between the plurality of swappable power packs 104, eliminating the requirement of electrical linking between the plurality of swappable power packs 104.
In an embodiment, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 is configured to convert AC power received from a power source into DC power, to charge the at least one battery module 108, when the swappable power pack 104 is connected to the power source. In an embodiment, the power source comprises at least one of: a battery swapping station, an onboard charger, an offboard charger and a domestic uninterrupted power supply. Beneficially, the swappable power pack 104 may be connected to the battery swapping station as a power source for charging the swappable power pack 104. More beneficially, the swappable power pack 104 may alternatively be connected to the onboard charger of the electric vehicle as a power source for charging the swappable power pack 104. More beneficially, the swappable power pack 104 may alternatively be connected to the offboard charger as a power source for charging the swappable power pack 104. More beneficially, the swappable power pack 104 may alternatively be connected to the domestic uninterrupted power supply as a power source for charging the swappable power pack 104. It is to be understood that the power source would not require additional power converter to charge the swappable power pack 104.
In an embodiment, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 comprises three phase inverter legs. Beneficially, each of the phase inverter legs supply power to the corresponding stator connected with the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 enabling independent operation of the stators of the axial motor 102.
In an embodiment, each of the phase inverter leg comprises a pair of switches. Beneficially, the pair of switches switch alternatively for the functioning of the phase inverter legs to convert the DC power into the AC power or to convert the AC power into the DC power. It is to be understood that the switching sequence plays an important role in the efficient functioning of the integrated bi-directional power converter 106. Beneficially, the switching operation is accurately controlled for the efficient functioning of the integrated bi-directional power converter 106.
Beneficially, the switching operation of the switches of the three phase inverter legs controls the speed and torque of the axial motor 102. It is to be understood that three phase inverter legs perform switching operation to convert the DC power received from the at least one battery module 108 into the three phase AC power, to drive the axial motor 102 of the electric vehicle.
In an embodiment, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 comprises a microcontroller 112 to control the switching operation of the phase inverter legs, via a plurality of gate drivers. Beneficially, the microcontroller 112 controls the gate drivers to provide high-voltage and high-current signals needed to control the switching of the switches of the plurality of phase inverter legs. Beneficially, the microcontroller 112 allows the plurality of phase inverter legs to generate the variable voltages and currents needed to control the speed and torque of the axial motor 102.
In an embodiment, the power train unit 100 comprises the axial motor 102, comprising the plurality of stators and the rotor, and the plurality of swappable power packs 104, wherein each of the swappable power pack comprises the integrated bi-directional power converter 106. Each of the plurality of stator is powered independently by corresponding swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs 104. Furthermore, the plurality of stator comprises two stators. Furthermore, number of swappable power packs 104 is equal to number of stators in the axial motor 102. Furthermore, the number of swappable power packs 104 are in multiple to the number of stators in the axial motor 102. Furthermore, each of the swappable power pack 104 comprises: at least one battery module 108, a battery management system 110, and the integrated bi-directional power converter 106, wherein the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 is configured to convert DC power received from the at least one battery module 108 into AC power, to drive the axial motor 102 of the power train unit 100. Furthermore, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 supplies the AC power to the stator corresponding to the swappable power pack for driving the axial motor 102. Furthermore, the plurality of stators, when powered by the corresponding swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs 104, drive the rotor of the axial motor 102. Furthermore, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 is configured to convert AC power received from a power source into DC power, to charge the at least one battery module 108, when the swappable power pack 104 is connected to the power source. Furthermore, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 comprises three phase inverter legs. Furthermore, the integrated bi-directional power converter 106 comprises a microcontroller 112 to control the switching operation of the phase inverter legs, via a plurality of gate drivers.
In the description of the present invention, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms “disposed,” “mounted,” and “connected” are to be construed broadly, and may for example be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, either mechanically or electrically. They may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Modifications to embodiments and combinations of different embodiments of the present disclosure described in the foregoing are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the accompanying claims. Expressions such as “including”, “comprising”, “incorporating”, “have”, and “is” used to describe and claim the present disclosure are intended to be construed in a non-exclusive manner, namely allowing for items, components or elements not explicitly described also to be present. Reference to the singular is also to be construed to relate to the plural where appropriate.
Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the present disclosure, the drawings, and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
,CLAIMS:WE CLAIM:
1. A power train unit (100) for an electric vehicle, wherein the power train unit (100) comprises:
- an axial motor (102), comprising a plurality of stators and a rotor; and
- a plurality of swappable power packs (104), wherein each of the swappable power pack comprises an integrated bi-directional power converter (106),
characterized in that each of the plurality of stator is powered independently by corresponding swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs (104).
2. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of stator comprises two stators.
3. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein number of swappable power packs (104) is equal to number of stators in the axial motor (102).
4. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of swappable power packs (104) are in multiple to the number of stators in the axial motor (102).
5. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the swappable power pack (104) comprises: at least one battery module (108), a battery management system (110), and the integrated bi-directional power converter (106), wherein the integrated bi-directional power converter (106) is configured to convert DC power received from the at least one battery module (108) into AC power, to power the stator of the axial motor (102).
6. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated bi-directional power converter (106) supplies the AC power to one stator corresponding to the swappable power pack for driving the axial motor (102).
7. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of stators, when powered by the corresponding swappable power pack of the plurality of swappable power packs (104), drive the rotor of the axial motor (102).
8. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated bi-directional power converter (106) is configured to convert AC power received from a power source into DC power, to charge the at least one battery module (108), when the swappable power pack (104) is connected to the power source.
9. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated bi-directional power converter (106) comprises three phase inverter legs.
10. The power train unit (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated bi-directional power converter (106) comprises a microcontroller (112) to control the switching operation of the phase inverter legs, via a plurality of gate drivers.