Title of the invention: Method for producing super absorbent polymer
Technical field
[One]
[Mutual citation with related application(s)]
[2]
This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0113107 filed on September 11, 2019 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0073752 filed on June 17, 2020. All contents disclosed in the literature are included as part of this specification.
[3]
The present invention relates to a method for producing a super absorbent polymer.
Background
[4]
Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) is a synthetic polymer material that has the function of absorbing moisture of 500 to 1,000 times its own weight, and it has begun to be commercialized as a sanitary tool, and is now a paper diaper for children. In addition to hygiene products, it is widely used as a material for gardening soil repair, civil engineering, building water, seedling sheets, freshness maintenance agents in the food distribution field, and poultice.
[5]
The absorption mechanism of this superabsorbent polymer is the interaction of penetration pressure due to the difference in electrical attraction force expressed by the electric charge of the polymer electrolyte, the affinity between water and the polymer electrolyte, molecular expansion due to the repulsive force between the polymer electrolyte ions, and the inhibition of expansion due to crosslinking. Dominated by That is, the absorbency of the superabsorbent polymer depends on the affinity and molecular expansion described above, and the absorption rate is largely dependent on the permeation pressure of the absorbent polymer itself.
[6]
Meanwhile, particles having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less, which are inevitably generated during the manufacturing process of the super absorbent polymer, are called fines, and are finely divided at a rate of about 20 to 30% during the pulverization or transfer process during the manufacturing process of the super absorbent polymer. It is known to occur. When such fine powder is included in the super absorbent polymer, it may cause a decrease in pressure absorbency or water permeability, which are major properties of the super absorbent polymer. For this reason, during the manufacturing process of the super absorbent polymer, particularly in the classification process, such fine powder is separated to produce the super absorbent polymer only from the remaining polymer particles.
[7]
In addition, the separated fine powder is again manufactured into large particles through a reassembly process, and a method of manufacturing/using such reassembled particles back into a super absorbent polymer is known. In particular, as one of the representative methods of such a reassembly method, a method of preparing a fine powder reassembly and a super absorbent polymer is known by mixing the fine powder with water and agglomerating it.
[8]
In such a reassembly process, when the amount of water is increased, the cohesive strength of the fine powder increases, but too large a reassembly lump is formed in the reassembly process, which may cause problems during the operation of the process, and the use of energy increases during drying. Accordingly, the process cost increases, and further, if moisture is not properly removed by drying after reassembly, problems such as an increase in the load of the apparatus for manufacturing the super absorbent polymer may occur.
[9]
Conversely, when the amount of water used in the reassembly process is reduced, the cohesive strength of the assembly becomes insufficient, so that the reassembly is not properly performed and the amount of fun powder that is reduced back to fine powder increases significantly, and also due to the reassembly process. There is a disadvantage in that physical properties such as absorption capacity of the prepared super absorbent polymer are insufficient.
[10]
Accordingly, there is a continuing need to develop a fine powder reassembly process capable of solving the above-described problems.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical challenge
[11]
The present invention provides a method for producing a super absorbent polymer capable of solving the above-described problems by mixing the fine powder inevitably obtained during the manufacturing process of the super absorbent polymer with a surface-modified inorganic material having a reactive functional group.
Means of solving the task
[12]
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less obtained in the manufacturing step of a super absorbent polymer, a surface-modified inorganic material having a reactive functional group, and water are mixed and dried to prepare a fine powder reassembled body. A method for producing a super absorbent polymer is provided.
Effects of the Invention
[13]
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fine powder inevitably obtained in the manufacturing process of the super absorbent polymer is effectively reassembled to provide excellent absorption properties, excellent mechanical properties such as crush strength, and a super absorbent polymer having a uniform particle distribution. A manufacturing method can be provided.
Best mode for carrying out the invention
[14]
Hereinafter, a method of preparing a super absorbent polymer according to a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[15]
In the present specification, "polymer" or "polymer" refers to a state in which a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized, and may encompass all moisture content ranges, all particle diameter ranges, and all surface crosslinking states or processing states. Among the above polymers, a polymer having a water content (moisture content) of about 40% by weight or more, which is in a state before drying after polymerization, may be referred to as a "hydrogel polymer". In addition, among the polymers, a polymer having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less may be referred to as “fine powder”.
[16]
"Super absorbent polymer" means the polymer itself, depending on the context, or is made into a state suitable for commercialization through an additional process, for example, surface crosslinking, fine powder reassembly, drying, pulverization, classification, etc. for the polymer. It is meant to be all inclusive.
[17]
Unless otherwise stated in the specification, "particle diameter or particle size" may be measured through a standard sieve analysis method or a laser diffraction method, and "average particle diameter or weight average particle diameter" is determined through laser diffraction method. In the obtained particle size distribution curve, it can mean the particle diameter (D50) that is 50% of the weight percentage. In addition, in the present specification, finely divided particles having a particle size of about 150 μm or less, that is, a particle size of about 150 μm or less, are referred to as super absorbent polymer fines, SAP fines or fines (fines, fine powder), and having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and not more than 850 μm Particles are referred to as normal particles.
[18]
[19]
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less obtained in the manufacturing step of a super absorbent polymer, a surface-modified inorganic material having a reactive functional group, and water are mixed and dried to prepare a fine powder reassembled body. A method for producing a water absorbent resin is provided.
[20]
The fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less may be generated during the manufacturing step of the super absorbent polymer. If the fine powder is included in the final product, it is difficult to handle and may deteriorate physical properties such as a gel blocking phenomenon. Therefore, research on a method for reassembling the fine powder obtained in the manufacturing step of the super absorbent polymer to become normal particles is ongoing, and as a result of the continuous experiments of the present inventors, the surface-modified surface having a reactive functional group at the time of fine powder reassembly It was confirmed that when an inorganic material is used, a fine powder reassembled body having excellent strength and uniform particle distribution can be obtained.
[21]
[22]
Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a super absorbent polymer according to an embodiment will be described in detail.
[23]
The fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less includes the fine powder obtained in the manufacturing step of the super absorbent polymer.
[24]
In the manufacturing step of the super absorbent polymer, a first step of polymerizing a monomer mixture including a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a polymerization initiator to form a hydrogel polymer; And a second step of classifying the hydrogel polymer into normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less and fine powder having a particle size of 150 µm or less by drying and pulverizing the hydrogel polymer, or, if necessary, surface crosslinking the normal particles. Then, a third step of classifying the surface crosslinked normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and 850 μm or less and a surface crosslinked fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less may be included.
[25]
The fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less may be a fine powder obtained in the second step, a fine powder obtained in the third step, or a mixture of the fine powder obtained in the second and third steps.
[26]
However, if a large amount of the surface crosslinked fine powder obtained in the third step is included, the cohesive strength may be weakened, so the amount of the surface crosslinked fine powder can be adjusted to 50% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, or 10% by weight or less with respect to the total fine powder. have.
[27]
The steps for preparing the super absorbent polymer will be described in detail.
[28]
In the step of preparing the super absorbent polymer, a hydrogel polymer is first prepared.
[29]
The hydrogel polymer may be prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture including a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a polymerization initiator.
[30]
As the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, any monomer commonly used in the manufacture of a super absorbent polymer may be used without any other limitation. Here, any one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of anionic monomers and their salts, nonionic hydrophilic-containing monomers, amino group-containing unsaturated monomers, and quaternary products thereof may be used.
[31]
Specifically, (meth)acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, 2-(meth)acryloylethane sulfonic acid, 2-(meth)acryloylpropanesulfonic acid or 2-(meth)acrylamide- Anionic monomers of 2-methyl propane sulfonic acid and salts thereof; (Meth)acrylamide, N-substituted (meth)acrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate or polyethylene glycol ( Nonionic hydrophilic-containing monomers of meth)acrylate; And (N,N)-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate or an amino group-containing unsaturated monomer of (N,N)-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide and a quaternary product thereof. I can.
[32]
More preferably, acrylic acid or a salt thereof, for example, an alkali metal salt such as acrylic acid or a sodium salt thereof, may be used. By using such a monomer, it becomes possible to prepare a super absorbent polymer having superior physical properties. When the alkali metal salt of acrylic acid is used as a monomer, it can be used by neutralizing acrylic acid with a basic compound such as caustic soda (NaOH).
[33]
The concentration of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer may be about 20 to about 60% by weight, preferably about 40 to about 50% by weight, based on the monomer composition including the raw material and the solvent of the super absorbent polymer, and polymerization It can be made into an appropriate concentration in consideration of time and reaction conditions. However, if the concentration of the monomer is too low, the yield of the superabsorbent polymer may be low and economical problems may occur. On the contrary, if the concentration is too high, a part of the monomer is precipitated or the crushing efficiency is low when the polymerized hydrogel polymer is pulverized. In the process, problems may occur, and the physical properties of the super absorbent polymer may be deteriorated.
[34]
The polymerization initiator used in the first step is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used in the production of a super absorbent polymer.
[35]
Specifically, the polymerization initiator may be a thermal polymerization initiator or a photopolymerization initiator according to UV irradiation depending on the polymerization method. However, even by the photopolymerization method, a certain amount of heat is generated by irradiation such as UV irradiation, and a certain amount of heat is generated according to the progress of the polymerization reaction, which is an exothermic reaction.
[36]
The photopolymerization initiator may be used without limitation of its configuration as long as it is a compound capable of forming radicals by light such as ultraviolet rays.
[37]
Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include benzoin ether, dialkyl acetophenone, hydroxyl alkylketone, phenyl glyoxylate, and benzyl dimethyl ketone. ketal), acyl phosphine, and alpha-aminoketone. Meanwhile, as a specific example of acylphosphine, a commercially available lucirin TPO, that is, 2,4,6-trimethyl-benzoyl-trimethyl phosphine oxide (2,4,6-trimethyl-benzoyl-trimethyl phosphine oxide) may be used. . More various photoinitiators are well specified in p115 of Reinhold Schwalm's book "UV Coatings: Basics, Recent Developments and New Application (Elsevier 2007)", and are not limited to the above examples.
[38]
The photopolymerization initiator may be included in a concentration of about 0.01 to about 1.0% by weight based on the monomer mixture. If the concentration of the photopolymerization initiator is too low, the polymerization rate may be slow, and if the concentration of the photopolymerization initiator is too high, the molecular weight of the superabsorbent polymer may be small and physical properties may become uneven.
[39]
In addition, as the thermal polymerization initiator, at least one selected from the group of initiators consisting of persulfate-based initiators, azo-based initiators, hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid may be used. Specifically, examples of persulfate-based initiators include sodium persulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 8 ), potassium persulfate (Potassium persulfate; K 2 S 2 O 8 ), and ammonium persulfate (Ammonium persulfate; (NH 4 )) 2 S 2 O 8), and examples of azo-based initiators include 2,2-azobis-(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride), 2, 2-azobis -(N, N-dimethylene) isobutyramidine dihydrochloride (2,2-azobis-(N, N-dimethylene) isobutyramidine dihydrochloride), 2- (carbamoyl azo) isobutyronitrile (2-(carbamoylazo) )isobutylonitril), 2, 2-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride (2,2-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride ), 4,4-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid) (4,4-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid)) and the like. More various thermal polymerization initiators are well specified in Odian's'Principle of Polymerization (Wiley, 1981)', p203, and are not limited to the above-described examples.
[40]
The thermal polymerization initiator may be included in a concentration of 0.001 to 0.5% by weight based on the monomer mixture. If the concentration of the thermal polymerization initiator is too low, additional thermal polymerization hardly occurs, so the effect of the addition of the thermal polymerization initiator may be insignificant.If the concentration of the thermal polymerization initiator is too high, the molecular weight of the super absorbent polymer may be small and the physical properties may become uneven. have.
[41]
The monomer mixture in the first step may further include an internal crosslinking agent as a raw material of the super absorbent polymer. As the internal crosslinking agent, a crosslinking agent having at least one functional group capable of reacting with the water-soluble substituent of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer and having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group; Alternatively, a crosslinking agent having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with a water-soluble substituent of the monomer and/or a water-soluble substituent formed by hydrolysis of the monomer may be used.
[42]
Specific examples of the internal crosslinking agent include bisacrylamide having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, bismethacrylamide, poly(meth)acrylate of a polyol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or poly(meth)allyl ether of a polyol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. And more specifically, N,N'-methylenebis(meth)acrylate, ethyleneoxy(meth)acrylate, polyethyleneoxy(meth)acrylate, propyleneoxy(meth)acrylate, glycerin diacrylate , Glycerin triacrylate, trimethylol triacrylate, triallylamine, triaryl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanate, polyethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol may be used at least one selected from the group consisting of.
[43]
Such an internal crosslinking agent is included in a concentration of 0.01 to 0.5% by weight based on the monomer mixture, so that the polymerized polymer can be crosslinked.
[44]
The monomer mixture may further include additives such as a thickener, a plasticizer, a storage stabilizer, and an antioxidant, if necessary.
[45]
Raw materials such as the above-described water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, photopolymerization initiator, thermal polymerization initiator, internal crosslinking agent, and additives may be prepared in the form of a monomer mixture solution dissolved in a solvent.
[46]
The solvent that can be used at this time can be used without limitation of its composition as long as it can dissolve the above-described components. For example, water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, Propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methyl amyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol One or more selected from ethyl ether, toluene, xylene, butyrolactone, carbitol, methyl cellosolve acetate, and N,N-dimethylacetamide may be used in combination.
[47]
The solvent may be included in a residual amount excluding the above-described components with respect to the total content of the monomer mixture.
[48]
On the other hand, as long as the method of polymerizing such a monomer mixture to form a hydrogel polymer is also a commonly used polymerization method, there is no particular limitation on the configuration.
[49]
Specifically, the polymerization method is largely divided into thermal polymerization and photopolymerization depending on the polymerization energy source, and when thermal polymerization is generally performed, it can be performed in a reactor having an agitation axis such as a kneader. Although it may be carried out in a reactor equipped with a conveyor belt, the polymerization method described above is an example and is not limited to the polymerization method described above.
[50]
For example, as described above, the hydrogel polymer obtained by thermal polymerization by supplying hot air or heating the reactor to a reactor such as a kneader equipped with a stirring shaft is transferred to the reactor outlet according to the shape of the stirring shaft provided in the reactor. The discharged hydrogel polymer may be in the form of several centimeters to several millimeters. Specifically, the size of the resulting hydrogel polymer may vary depending on the concentration and injection speed of the monomer mixture to be injected, and a hydrogel polymer having a weight average particle diameter of 2 to 50 mm can be obtained.
[51]
In addition, when photopolymerization is carried out in a reactor equipped with a movable conveyor belt as described above, the form of the hydrogel polymer usually obtained may be a hydrogel polymer in a sheet form having the width of the belt. At this time, the thickness of the polymer sheet varies depending on the concentration and the injection speed of the monomer composition to be injected, but it is preferable to supply the monomer composition so that a sheet-like polymer having a thickness of about 0.5 to about 5 cm can be obtained. When the monomer composition is supplied to the extent that the thickness of the polymer on the sheet is too thin, the production efficiency is not preferable, and when the thickness of the polymer on the sheet exceeds 5 cm, the polymerization reaction is uniform over the entire thickness due to the excessively thick It may not happen.
[52]
At this time, the water content of the hydrogel polymer obtained by the above method may have a water content of 40 to 80% by weight. Meanwhile, in the entire specification, "water content" refers to a value obtained by subtracting the weight of the dried polymer from the weight of the hydrogel polymer as the content of water occupied with respect to the total weight of the hydrogel polymer. Specifically, it is defined as a calculated value by measuring the weight loss due to evaporation of moisture in the polymer during drying by raising the temperature of the polymer through infrared heating. At this time, the drying condition is a method of increasing the temperature from room temperature to 180°C and then maintaining it at 180°C. The total drying time is set to 20 minutes including 5 minutes of the temperature increase step, and the moisture content is measured.
[53]
The coarse pulverization process may be selectively further performed on the hydrogel polymer obtained in the first step.
[54]
At this time, the grinder used in the coarse grinding process is not limited in configuration, but specifically, a vertical pulverizer, a turbo cutter, a turbo grinder, and a rotary cutter mill), Cutter mill, Disc mill, Shred crusher, Crusher, Chopper, and Disc cutter. Any one may be included, but is not limited to the above-described example.
[55]
The coarse pulverization step may be pulverized so that the particle diameter of the hydrogel polymer is about 2 to 20 mm.
[56]
Coarse pulverization with a particle diameter of less than 2 mm is not technically easy due to the high moisture content of the hydrogel polymer, and the pulverized particles may aggregate with each other. On the other hand, when the particle diameter is coarsely pulverized to more than 20 mm, the effect of increasing the efficiency of the subsequent drying step may be negligible.
[57]
In the second step, the hydrogel polymer obtained in the first step may be dried and pulverized to be classified into fine powder and normal particles.
[58]
The drying process is performed on the hydrogel polymer immediately after polymerization that is coarsely pulverized or not subjected to a coarse pulverization step. In this case, the drying temperature in the drying step may be about 150 to about 250°C. When the drying temperature is less than 150°C, the drying time may be too long and the physical properties of the finally formed super absorbent polymer may be deteriorated. When the drying temperature exceeds 250°C, only the polymer surface is excessively dried, resulting in a subsequent pulverization process. A large amount of fine powder may be generated in, and there is a concern that the physical properties of the finally formed super absorbent polymer may be deteriorated. Therefore, preferably, the drying may be performed at a temperature of about 150°C to about 200°C, more preferably about 160°C to about 180°C.
[59]
Meanwhile, in the case of the drying time, it may be performed for about 20 to about 90 minutes in consideration of process efficiency, etc., but is not limited thereto.
[60]
The drying method in the drying step may also be selected and used without limitation of its configuration, as long as it is commonly used as a drying process of the hydrogel polymer. Specifically, the drying step may be performed by a method such as hot air supply, infrared irradiation, microwave irradiation, or ultraviolet irradiation. The moisture content of the polymer after proceeding with such a drying step may be about 0.1 to about 10% by weight.
[61]
Next, a pulverization process is performed on the dried polymer obtained through such a drying step.
[62]
The polymer powder obtained after the pulverization step may have a particle diameter of about 150 to about 850 μm. The pulverizer used to pulverize with such a particle size is specifically, a pin mill, a hammer mill, a screw mill, a roll mill, a disc mill, or a jog. Mill (jog mill) or the like may be used, but the invention is not limited to the above-described examples.
[63]
In order to manage the physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer powder that is finally commercialized after the pulverization step, in general, the polymer powder obtained after pulverization is classified according to the particle size. Specifically, it is possible to obtain the above-described fine powder by classifying into normal particles having a particle diameter of more than about 150 µm and 850 µm or less and particles having a particle diameter of 150 µm or less.
[64]
The normal particles obtained in the second step are introduced in the third step, if necessary, are surface crosslinked, and then surface crosslinked normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and 850 μm or less through a classification process and a particle diameter of 150 μm or less It may be provided as a surface crosslinked fine powder.
[65]
The surface crosslinking is a step of increasing the crosslinking density near the surface of the super absorbent polymer particle in relation to the crosslinking density inside the particle. In general, the surface crosslinking agent is applied to the surface of the super absorbent polymer particles. Therefore, this reaction takes place on the surface of the super absorbent polymer particles, which improves the crosslinkability on the surface of the particles without substantially affecting the inside of the particles. Accordingly, the surface crosslinked superabsorbent polymer particles have a higher degree of crosslinking near the surface than at the inside.
[66]
At this time, the surface crosslinking agent is not limited in its configuration as long as it is a compound capable of reacting with a functional group of a polymer.
[67]
Preferably, in order to improve the properties of the resulting super absorbent polymer, polyhydric alcohol compounds as the surface crosslinking agent; Epoxy compounds; Polyamine compounds; Haloepoxy compounds; Condensation products of haloepoxy compounds; Oxazoline compounds; Mono-, di- or polyoxazolidinone compounds; Cyclic urea compounds; Polyvalent metal salts; And one or more selected from the group consisting of alkylene carbonate compounds may be used.
[68]
Specifically, examples of polyhydric alcohol compounds include mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- or polyethylene glycol, monopropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 2,3,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol , Glycerol, polyglycerol, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and 1,2-cyclohexanedi One or more selected from the group consisting of methanol may be used.
[69]
In addition, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and glycidol may be used as the epoxy compound, and as polyamine compounds, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine , Polyethyleneimine and polyamide polyamine may be used at least one selected from the group consisting of.
[70]
And as the haloepoxy compound, epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, and α-methylepichlorohydrin may be used. Meanwhile, as the mono-, di-, or polyoxazolidinone compound, for example, 2-oxazolidinone may be used.
[71]
In addition, ethylene carbonate or the like may be used as the alkylene carbonate compound. These may be used alone or in combination with each other. On the other hand, in order to increase the efficiency of the surface crosslinking process, it is preferable to use one or more polyhydric alcohol compounds among these surface crosslinking agents, and more preferably, polyhydric alcohol compounds having 2 to 10 carbon atoms can be used.
[72]
The content of the surface crosslinking agent to be added may be appropriately selected depending on the type of the surface crosslinking agent to be added or reaction conditions, but usually, about 0.001 to about 5 parts by weight, preferably about 0.01 to about 100 parts by weight of the polymer. 3 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.05 to about 2 parts by weight may be used.
[73]
If the content of the surface crosslinking agent is too small, the surface crosslinking reaction hardly occurs, and if it exceeds 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer, the absorption capacity and physical properties may be deteriorated due to the progress of the excessive surface crosslinking reaction. .
[74]
By heating the polymer particles to which the surface crosslinking agent has been added, the surface crosslinking reaction and drying may be performed simultaneously.
[75]
The means for increasing the temperature for the surface crosslinking reaction is not particularly limited. It can be heated by supplying a heat medium or by directly supplying a heat source. At this time, as the type of the heat medium that can be used, a heated fluid such as steam, hot air, or hot oil may be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the temperature of the supplied heat medium is the means of the heat medium, the rate of temperature increase, and the temperature rising. It can be appropriately selected in consideration of the target temperature. Meanwhile, as a heat source directly supplied, heating through electricity and heating through gas may be mentioned, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples.
[76]
After the surface crosslinking, a surface crosslinked fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 µm or less and a surface crosslinked fine powder having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less are classified into normal particles having a particle size of 150 µm or less can be obtained.
[77]
In the method of manufacturing a super absorbent polymer according to the embodiment, a super absorbent polymer may be provided through a reassembly process in which fine powders obtained in the above-described manufacturing step of the super absorbent polymer are aggregated to a normal particle size.
[78]
Specifically, by mixing the fine powder with the surface-modified inorganic material having a reactive functional group, a fine powder reassembly having a high cohesive strength and a uniform particle size distribution can be obtained.
[79]
The surface-modified inorganic material has a reactive functional group capable of forming a covalent bond with the fine powder, thereby forming a covalent bond with the fine powder, thereby providing a fine powder reassembly having high cohesive strength.
[80]
Specifically, the surface-modified inorganic material has at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of an epoxy group, an oxetane group, a hydroxy group, and an isocyanate group, and thus has high cohesive strength and excellent mechanical properties such as crushing strength. have.
[81]
The surface-modified inorganic material may be prepared by reacting the inorganic material with the surface modifier having the reactive functional group. As a specific example of the surface modifier, a silane compound represented by the following formula (1) may be exemplified.
[82]
[Formula 1]
[83]

[84]
In Chemical Formula 1,
[85]
R 1 to R 4 are each independently halogen, a C 1 to C 10 alkyl group, a C 1 to C 10 alkoxy group or -LR,
[86]
Among R 1 to R 4 , at least any one is -LR,
[87]
L is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R is an epoxy group, an oxetane group, a hydroxy group, and an isocyanate group.
[88]
For example, the surface-modified inorganic material may have an epoxy group to provide a fine powder reassembly having particularly excellent mechanical properties such as cohesive strength and crush strength.
[89]
As the inorganic material, silica, alumina, or a mixture thereof may be used to ensure excellent absorption properties of the super absorbent polymer, and fumed silica or colloidal silica may be used as the silica.
[90]
The surface-modified inorganic material may have an average particle diameter of 1 to 20 nm. Within this range, a fine powder reassembled body having high cohesive strength and excellent absorption properties can be prepared.
[91]
In the manufacturing step of the fine powder reassembly, the surface-modified inorganic material may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 1 parts by weight, 0.1 to 1 parts by weight, 0.01 to 0.8 parts by weight, or 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the fine powder. Within this range, it is possible to manufacture a fine powder reassembly having excellent absorption properties and excellent mechanical properties such as crushing strength.
[92]
In the manufacturing step of the fine powder reassembly, water may be added to the fine powder to aggregate the fine powder. The amount of water to be added may be adjusted to 80 to 120 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the fine powder. If the amount of water to be added is less than the above range, it is difficult to evenly disperse a small amount of water due to the rapid absorption rate of the fine powder, so there is a concern that the uniformity of the fine powder reassembly decreases. In addition, when the water content of the fine powder reassembled to be produced decreases, the amount of fun powder generated may increase, and the absorption capacity of the finally prepared super absorbent polymer may be reduced. Conversely, when the content of water exceeds the above range, there is a concern that the stickiness of the fine powder reassembly increases, so that normal mixing cannot be achieved, and the amount of water to be evaporated during the drying process increases, thereby increasing the load on the dryer.
[93]
The temperature of water added to the manufacturing step of the fine powder reassembly is 40°C to 90°C, 50°C to 90°C, 60°C to 90 so as not to place a load on the device for manufacturing the fine powder reassembly while improving the cohesive strength of the fine powder reassembly. It can be adjusted to ℃, 70 ℃ to 90 ℃, 40 ℃ to 80 ℃ or 50 ℃ to 80 ℃.
[94]
The timing of the addition of water is not particularly limited, and water may be added to the obtained mixture after adding the fine powder and the surface-modified inorganic substance to water, or after mixing the fine powder with the surface-modified inorganic substance.
[95]
In the manufacturing step of the fine powder reassembled, the fine powder, surface-modified inorganic material and water are stirred at a speed of 10 to 2000 rpm, 100 to 1000 rpm, or 500 to 800 rpm using a mixing device or mixer capable of adding shear force And can be mixed.
[96]
In the manufacturing step of the fine powder reassembly, the fine powder, the surface-modified inorganic material, and water are mixed and dried to form a covalent bond between the fine powder and the surface-modified inorganic material. The drying temperature may be adjusted according to the content of water added in the manufacturing step of the fine powder reassembly. As an example, the drying process in the manufacturing step of the fine powder reassembly may be performed at 120 to 220°C to form a fine powder reassembly with improved cohesive strength through covalent bonding, and the moisture content of the fine powder reassembly within an appropriate time may be reduced from about 1 to It can be adjusted to 2% by weight.
[97]
The drying process may be performed using a conventional drying device, but according to an embodiment of the present invention, it may be performed using a hot air dryer, a paddle-type dryer, or a forced circulation dryer. In addition, there is no limitation on the configuration of the heating means for drying during the drying step. Specifically, a heat medium may be supplied or directly heated by means such as electricity, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples. Heat sources that can be specifically used include steam, electricity, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, and the like, and a heated thermal fluid may be used.
[98]
Next, in the method for producing a super absorbent polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention, the finely divided reassembly prepared in the above step is pulverized as necessary and classified into finely divided reassembly (hereinafter referred to as'refinement') and normal reassembly particles. You can proceed with the steps.
[99]
The fine powder re-assembly obtained through the step of preparing the fine powder re-assembly has a high cohesive strength, and is pulverized and then re-crushed into fine powder, that is, the ratio of fine powdering is low.
[100]
The pulverization of the fine powder reassembly may be performed so that the particle diameter of the fine powder reassembly is about 150 to about 850 µm. The pulverizer used to pulverize with such a particle size is specifically, a pin mill, a hammer mill, a screw mill, a roll mill, a disc mill, or a jog. Mill (jog mill) or the like may be used, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples.
[101]
In order to manage the physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer powder that is finally commercialized after the pulverization step, in general, the polymer powder obtained after pulverization is classified according to the particle size. Preferably, it undergoes a step of classifying into fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less, and reassembled normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and 850 μm or less.
[102]
On the other hand, in the method of manufacturing a super absorbent polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention, a super absorbent polymer may be provided or manufactured using the fine powder reassembly manufactured by the above-described method, in particular, the normal particles of the reassembled body. The super absorbent polymer may be prepared by mixing the granules with the finely reassembled normal particles obtained in the second step and introducing them to the third step to crosslink the surface.
[103]
Specifically, after the classification, the fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less is circulated through a fine powder reassembly process, and the reassembled normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and 850 μm or less are mixed with the above-described normal particles. In addition, after the mixing process, the reassembled normal particles and normal particles may be additionally introduced into the surface crosslinking mixer to selectively perform the surface crosslinking process. Since the surface crosslinking process has been described in detail above, detailed descriptions are omitted here.
[104]
After surface crosslinking of the reassembled normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less and the fine powder obtained in the second step, the surface crosslinking fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 µm or less, and more than 150 µm Classified into normal surface crosslinked particles having a particle diameter of 850 μm or less, surface crosslinked fine particles having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less are re-introduced as a process for fine powder reassembly, and normal surface crosslinked particles can be commercialized and used.
[105]
The super absorbent polymer prepared by the above-described manufacturing method is manufactured from fine powder, but when the surface-modified inorganic substance having a reactive functional group is added during reassembly of the fine powder, it has excellent mechanical properties such as crush strength and can exhibit a uniform particle size distribution. have.
[106]
[107]
Hereinafter, the action and effect of the invention will be described in more detail through specific examples of the invention. However, this is presented as an example of the invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited to any meaning by this.
[108]
[109]
Preparation Example: Preparation of fine powder
[110]
100 g of acrylic acid, 0.3 g of polyethylene glycol diacrylate as a crosslinking agent, 0.033 g of IRGACURE 819 as an initiator, 38.9 g of caustic soda (NaOH), and 103.9 g of water were mixed to prepare a monomer mixture.
[111]
Thereafter, the monomer mixture was put on a conveyor belt that is continuously moving, and UV-irradiated (irradiation amount: 2 mW/cm 2 ) to perform UV polymerization for 2 minutes to obtain a hydrogel polymer.
[112]
The hydrogel polymer was pulverized with a meat chopper (hole size 10 mm) to obtain a coarsely pulverized hydrogel polymer. It is dried in a hot air dryer at 170℃ for 1 hour, pulverized with a pin mill, and classified into a standard mesh of ASTM standard, normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less, and fine powder having a particle size of 150 µm or less. (Hereinafter, the first fine powder) was obtained.
[113]
Thereafter, 100 g of normal particles were mixed with a crosslinking agent solution in which 3 g of water, 3.5 g of methanol, and 0.4 g of ethylene carbonate were mixed, and then subjected to a surface crosslinking reaction at 190°C for 50 minutes. Then, the obtained product was pulverized and classified to obtain surface crosslinked normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less, and a surface crosslinked fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 µm or less (hereinafter, referred to as the second fine powder).
[114]
[115]
Example 1: Preparation of super absorbent polymer
[116]
The silica (Bindzil CC301, average particle diameter: 7 nm, manufactured by Akzonobel) 0.5 g was added to 100 g of water at 80° C. and then stirred at 650 rpm for 1 minute.
[117]
The reassembled body recovered from the inside of the mixer was dried for 1 hour in a hot air dryer at a temperature of 170° C., pulverized with a hammer mill, and classified to prepare a super absorbent polymer having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and less than or equal to 850 μm.
[118]
[119]
Example 2: Preparation of super absorbent polymer
[120]
100 g of the first fine powder obtained in the above Preparation Example and 0.1 g of silica surface-modified with (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (Bindzil CC401, average particle diameter: 12 nm, manufactured by Akzonobel) were added to water at 80° C. After adding to 100 g, the mixture was stirred at 650 rpm for 1 minute.
[121]
The reassembled body recovered from the inside of the mixer was dried for 1 hour in a hot air dryer at a temperature of 170° C., pulverized with a hammer mill, and classified to prepare a super absorbent polymer having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and less than or equal to 850 μm.
[122]
[123]
Comparative Example 1: Preparation of super absorbent polymer
[124]
70 g of the first fine powder and 30 g of the second fine powder obtained in the above Preparation Example were added to 100 g of water at 80° C. and then stirred at 650 rpm for 1 minute.
[125]
The reassembled body recovered from the inside of the mixer was dried for 1 hour in a hot air dryer at a temperature of 170° C., pulverized with a hammer mill, and classified to prepare a super absorbent polymer having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and less than or equal to 850 μm.
[126]
[127]
Comparative Example 2: Preparation of super absorbent polymer
[128]
100 g of the first fine powder obtained in Preparation Example was added to 100 g of water at 80° C. and then stirred at 650 rpm for 1 minute.
[129]
The reassembled body recovered from the inside of the mixer was dried for 1 hour in a hot air dryer at a temperature of 170° C., pulverized with a hammer mill, and classified to prepare a super absorbent polymer having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and less than or equal to 850 μm.
[130]
[131]
Comparative Example 3: Preparation of super absorbent polymer
[132]
70 g of the first fine powder, 30 g of the second fine powder, and 0.5 g of silica surface-modified with dimethyldichlorosilane (DM30S, manufactured by Tokuyama) obtained in Preparation Example were added to 100 g of water at 80° C. and then 650 rpm for 1 minute. Stirred.
[133]
The reassembled body recovered from the inside of the mixer was dried for 1 hour in a hot air dryer at a temperature of 170° C., pulverized with a hammer mill, and classified to prepare a super absorbent polymer having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and less than or equal to 850 μm.
[134]
[135]
Comparative Example 4: Preparation of super absorbent polymer
[136]
100 g of acrylic acid, 0.1 g of silica surface-modified with (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (Bindzil CC301, average particle diameter: 7 nm, manufactured by Akzonobel), 0.3 g of polyethylene glycol diacrylate as a crosslinking agent, as an initiator A monomer mixture was prepared by mixing 0.033 g of IRGACURE 819, 38.9 g of caustic soda (NaOH), and 103.9 g of water.
[137]
Thereafter, the monomer mixture was put on a conveyor belt that is continuously moving, and UV-irradiated (irradiation amount: 2 mW/cm 2 ) to perform UV polymerization for 2 minutes to obtain a hydrogel polymer.
[138]
The hydrogel polymer was pulverized with a meat chopper (hole size 10 mm) to obtain a coarsely pulverized hydrogel polymer. It is dried in a hot air dryer at 170℃ for 1 hour, pulverized with a pin mill, and classified into a standard mesh of ASTM standard, normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less, and fine powder having a particle size of 150 µm or less Was obtained.
[139]
Thereafter, 100 g of the fine powder was added to 100 g of water at 80° C. and stirred at 650 rpm for 1 minute.
[140]
The reassembled body recovered from the inside of the mixer was dried for 1 hour in a hot air dryer at a temperature of 170° C., pulverized with a hammer mill, and classified to prepare a super absorbent polymer having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and less than or equal to 850 μm.
[141]
[142]
Comparative Example 5: Preparation of super absorbent polymer
[143]
A monomer mixture was prepared by mixing 100 g of acrylic acid, 0.3 g of polyethylene glycol diacrylate as a crosslinking agent, 0.033 g of IRGACURE 819 as an initiator, 38.9 g of caustic soda (NaOH), and 103.9 g of water.
[144]
Thereafter, the monomer mixture was put on a conveyor belt that is continuously moving, and UV-irradiated (irradiation amount: 2 mW/cm 2 ) to perform UV polymerization for 2 minutes to obtain a hydrogel polymer.
[145]
The hydrogel polymer was pulverized with a meat chopper (hole size 10 mm) to obtain a coarsely pulverized hydrogel polymer. This was dried in a hot air dryer at a temperature of 170° C. for 1 hour, pulverized with a pin mill grinder, and then classified with a standard mesh sieve of ASTM standard to obtain a base resin having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and 850 μm or less.
[146]
Then, 100 g of the base resin, 3 g of water, 3.5 g of methanol, 0.4 g of ethylene carbonate, silica surface-modified with (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (Bindzil CC301, average particle diameter: 7 nm, Akzonobel Co., Ltd.) 0.1 g was mixed with the mixed crosslinking agent solution and then subjected to a surface crosslinking reaction at 190°C for 50 minutes. Then, the obtained product was pulverized and classified to obtain surface crosslinked normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less, and surface crosslinked fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 µm or less.
[147]
30 g of the surface crosslinking fine powder and 70 g of the first fine powder obtained in Preparation Example were added to 100 g of water at 80° C. and then stirred at 650 rpm for 1 minute.
[148]
The reassembled body recovered from the inside of the mixer was dried for 1 hour in a hot air dryer at a temperature of 170° C., pulverized with a hammer mill, and classified to prepare a super absorbent polymer having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and less than or equal to 850 μm.
[149]
[150]
Test Example: Evaluation of physical properties of super absorbent polymer
[151]
The physical properties of the super absorbent polymer prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured in the following manner and are shown in Table 1.
[152]
[153]
1. Fracture strength
[154]
Using the XT2plus equipment of Text Analyzer (TA), a single particle of a super absorbent polymer was pressurized at a constant speed at a speed of 0.01 mm/s with a cylinder having a diameter of 8 mm, and the applied force was measured. As the device goes down, the strength of the superabsorbent polymer increases gradually, and crushing occurs when it exceeds a certain level.At this time, the maximum force that the particles withstand is defined as the crushing strength (kgForce), and after 10 measurements, a normal distribution curve is drawn to determine the left and right 5%. After exclusion, the average was calculated. And this average value was shown in Table 1. In addition, the standard deviation of the crushing strength measured 10 times was also calculated and shown in Table 1.
[155]
[156]
2. Amount of fun
[157]
The weight of the fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less obtained after drying, pulverizing and classifying the fine powder reassembled was measured. And, after drying, the generation amount of the flour was evaluated as a percentage of the weight of the flour to the total weight of the reassembled powder.
[158]
[159]
[Table 1]
Crushing strength (kgf) Standard Deviation Amount of fun flour generated (% by weight)
Example 1 1.40 0.08 8
Example 2 1.32 0.02 12
Comparative Example 1 1.17 0.24 15
Comparative Example 2 0.98 0.29 17
Comparative Example 3 1.20 0.20 13
Comparative Example 4 0.88 0.22 15
Comparative Example 5 0.98 0.30 16
[160]
Referring to Table 1, it is confirmed that the super absorbent polymer prepared by the manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention can exhibit improved crushing strength by using a surface-modified inorganic material having a reactive functional group.
Claims
[Claim 1]
A method for producing a super absorbent polymer comprising the step of mixing and drying a fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less obtained in the step of preparing a super absorbent polymer, a surface-modified inorganic substance having a reactive functional group, and water to prepare a fine powder reassemble.
[Claim 2]
The method of claim 1, wherein the fine powder having a particle size of 150 µm or less is a first step of polymerizing a monomer mixture including a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a polymerization initiator to form a hydrogel polymer; And a fine powder obtained through a second step of classifying the hydrogel polymer into normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less and a fine powder having a particle size of 150 µm or less by drying and pulverizing the hydrogel polymer. Way.
[Claim 3]
The method of claim 1, wherein the fine powder having a particle size of 150 µm or less is a first step of polymerizing a monomer mixture including a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a polymerization initiator to form a hydrogel polymer; A second step of drying and grinding the hydrogel polymer into normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less and fine powder having a particle size of 150 µm or less; And a fine powder obtained through a third step of classifying the normal particles into surface crosslinked normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and 850 μm or less and a surface crosslinked fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less after surface crosslinking the normal particles Method for producing a super absorbent polymer.
[Claim 4]
The method of claim 1, wherein the surface-modified inorganic material has at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of an epoxy group, an oxetane group, a hydroxy group, and an isocyanate group.
[Claim 5]
The method of claim 1, wherein the surface-modified inorganic material includes silica, alumina, or a mixture thereof as an inorganic material.
[Claim 6]
The method of claim 1, wherein the surface-modified inorganic material has an average particle diameter of 1 to 20 nm.
[Claim 7]
The method of claim 1, wherein the surface-modified inorganic material is used in an amount of 0.01 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the fine powder.
[Claim 8]
The method of claim 1, wherein the water is added in an amount of 80 to 120 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the fine powder.
[Claim 9]
The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of water added to the step of preparing the fine powder reassembly is 40°C to 90°C.
[Claim 10]
The method of claim 1, wherein the drying process is performed at 120 to 220° C. in the step of preparing the fine powder reassembly.
[Claim 11]
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of classifying the fine powder reassembly obtained in the step of preparing the fine powder reassembly into normal reassembled particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 µm and 850 µm or less and fungicides having a particle diameter of 150 µm or less. A method for producing a super absorbent polymer, including as.
[Claim 12]
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the fungus powder is added to the step of preparing the fine powder reassembled body.
[Claim 13]
The method of claim 2, further comprising the step of surface-crosslinking the fine powder reassembly or the fine powder reassembly and normal particles.
[Claim 14]
The method of claim 13, wherein the step of classifying the surface crosslinked super absorbent polymer obtained in the surface crosslinking step into surface crosslinked normal particles having a particle diameter of more than 150 μm and 850 μm or less and a surface crosslinking fine powder having a particle diameter of 150 μm or less is performed. Further comprising, wherein the surface crosslinked fine powder is added to the step of preparing the fine powder reassembly, a method for producing a super absorbent polymer.