PRESSURIZED O-RING POLE PIECE SEAL FOR A MANIFOLD
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to an assembly having a solenoid valve, including a
solenoid valve having a pole piece with an o-ring.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Solenoid valves may be used as oil control valves to provide oil pressure to latching
mechanisms used by components of engine assemblies that use variable valve lift technology.
Solenoid valves may thus control the flow of motor oil to the cylinder system, which may in
turn, control how the cylinder is coupled to the valve train of the engine assembly. Solenoid
valves used as oil control valves may open into supply pressure. Motor oil, under a certain
pressure, may flow into a supply port of the oil control valve. In a de-energized state, the oil
pressure may push on a poppet which may cause an armature to move so as to prevent oil flow
into the oil control valve. In an energized state, a predetermined voltage may be applied to a
coil, thereby causing a magnetic force to be generated. The magnetic force may cause the
armature to move so as to seal off oil flow to the exhaust port and allow oil flow into the control
port of the oil control valve. The flow path from the control port of the oil control valve may
lead to the lash adjuster which may facilitate latching and unlatching of the engine valve for a
specific cylinder. During the de-energized state of the oil control valve, a minimum pressure to
the latching mechanism may be maintained. The oil control valve may prevent a high pressure
condition in the oil gallery to the latching mechanism by opening to an exhaust port.
[0003] A solenoid valve may include a pole piece. The pole piece may be inserted into a
manifold in order to seal a hydraulic passage from an oil supply. The pole piece may be pressed
to a particular axial position of the manifold (based on preceding measurements) in order to
optimize the performance of the solenoid valve. A metal-to-metal seal may be used between the
pole piece and the manifold. In some circumstances, it may be advantageous to employ a more
robust seal between the pole piece and the manifold. It may also be advantageous to make
additional modifications to the assembly to improve manufacturability.
SUMMARY
[0004] An assembly is provided that may include a manifold and a valve. The manifold may
have a portion defining a bore having a first end and a second end. The valve may be at least
partially disposed within the manifold. The valve may include a coil configured to generate a
magnetic field; a bobbin configured to house the coil; a pole piece located near the bobbin; and a
housing configured to house the coil, the bobbin, and the pole piece. The pole piece may include
a first end configured for insertion into the bore of the manifold; a circumferentially extending
groove located near the first end of the pole piece; an o-ring disposed in the circumferentially
extending groove; and a radially outwardly extending flange located near the circumferentially
extending groove that is configured to engage both the portion of the manifold defining the first
end of the bore and the bobbin. The o-ring may comprise a fluorocarbon elastomer in
accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The housing may include a tab configured to
fasten the valve to the manifold.
[0005] The valve may further comprise a top flux collector and a bottom flux collector, wherein
the bobbin and the coil are disposed between the top flux collector and the bottom flux collector.
The bottom flux collector may be cast with the manifold. The tab may be configured to engage
the bottom flux collector. For example and without limitation, the tab may be crimped over the
bottom flux collector.
[0006] There may be a gap between the bobbin and the bottom flux collector. The valve may
further comprises an armature, wherein the armature is at least partially disposed within the bore
of the manifold and is configured for movement when a magnetic field is generated by the coil.
There may be a working air gap between the armature and the pole piece. The working air gap
may be between about 0.90 mm and about 1.05 mm.
[0007] The manifold may define a supply port configured to be in fluid communication with an
engine, wherein fluid is configured to flow from the supply port to a supply gallery. The
manifold may further define a control port configured to be in fluid communication with an
engine, wherein fluid is configured to flow from the supply gallery to the control port. The
manifold may further define an exhaust port configured to be in fluid communication with an
engine. The manifold may further define a bypass passage configured to allow fluid to flow
directly from the supply port or supply gallery to the exhaust port. The assembly may further
comprise an exhaust regulator configured to control oil pressure within the exhaust port.
[0008] The use of a radially outwardly extending flange on the first end of the pole piece may
improve manufacturability of the assembly by allowing for a positive "stop" on the manifold as
opposed to having to assemble to an axial position of the manifold based on preceding
measurements. The pole piece and mating components may be toleranced so that a resultant
working air gap is within the functional limits of the valve assembly. The use of an o-ring on the
first end of the pole piece may allow for a more robust hydraulic seal between the pole piece and
the manifold. Because the use of the o-ring on the first end of the manifold may eliminate
friction (e.g., from the interference fit between the metal-to-metal contact of the pole piece and
manifold) that would otherwise function as a positive means to prevent the pole piece from
moving (e.g., backing out) during operation, it may be advantageous to modify the assembly in a
manner so as to improve retention of the pole piece. For example, the housing for the coil,
bobbin, and pole piece may include at least one housing tab that may be configured to be placed
into engagement with the manifold so as to hold the coil, bobbin, and pole piece in place.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference
to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0010] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of an assembly including a solenoid valve in
accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[0011] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective cross-sectional view of an assembly including a
solenoid valve in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[0012] FIG. 3A is a partial cross-sectional front view of an assembly including a solenoid valve
in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[0013] FIG. 3B is a partial cross-sectional view of a pole piece in a manifold in accordance with
a metal to metal seal.
[0014] FIG. 3C is a partial cross-sectional view of a pole piece in a manifold in accordance with
an embodiment of the invention.
[0015] FIG. 4 is a partial cross- sectional front view of an assembly including a solenoid valve in
accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[0016] FIG. 5 is a partial cross- sectional front view of an assembly including a solenoid valve in
accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[0017] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an assembly including a solenoid valve in accordance
with an embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples
of which are described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. While the invention
will be described in conjunction with embodiments, it will be understood that they are not
intended to limit the invention to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended
to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and
scope of the invention as embodied by the appended claims. For example, the invention may
include elements described in connection with the solenoid valve module set forth in co-owned
U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0089347, which is hereby incorporated by
reference.
[0019] Referring now to Fig. 1, an assembly 10 including a solenoid valve 12 is generally
illustrated. The assembly 10 may be installed on or in an engine in accordance with an
embodiment of the invention. The assembly 10 may be used with a hydraulic control system
used to control oil under pressure that may be used to activate and/or deactivate elements in
engine valve systems; however, the assembly 10 may also be used in connection with various
other systems in other embodiments. Although the assembly is described as including a solenoid
valve 12, it should be understood that the assembly 10 may include more than one solenoid valve
in accordance with other embodiments of the invention. For example, as generally illustrated,
the assembly 10 may include two or more solenoid valves. In those embodiments of the
invention including multiple solenoid valves, the structure and function of each of the multiple
solenoid valves may be generally identical.
[0020] Referring now to Figs. 1-2 in particular, the solenoid valve 12 may include a solenoid
portion 14 and a valve body 16. The solenoid portion 14 and the valve body 16 may operate in a
typical manner to provide fluid control as is known in the art. The solenoid portion 14 of the
solenoid valve 12 may include a bobbin 18 as best shown in Fig. 2. Bobbin 18 may be
configured to house coil 20. Coil 20 may be configured to power the solenoid valve 12. In
particular, the coil 20 may be configured to generate a magnetic field. The solenoid valve 12
may also include a housing 22. Housing 22 may be configured to house the bobbin 18, coil 20,
and other elements of the solenoid portion 14 of the solenoid valve 12.
[0021] Referring now to Figs. 1-4, the assembly 10 may further include a manifold 24. Manifold
24 may be configured to house the valve body 16 of the solenoid valve 12. The housing 22 and
the manifold 24 may be connected to one another. The manifold 24 may define a plurality of
attachment apertures, and a plurality of fasteners 26 may extend through the plurality of
attachment apertures in order to secure the assembly 10 to an engine (not shown). There may be
any number of attachment apertures and fasteners depending on the configuration of the engine
and the assembly 10.
[0022] Referring now to Fig. 2 in particular, the manifold 24 may also define a supply port 28 , a
control port 30, and an exhaust port 32. Corresponding ports may be formed in the engine to
direct fluid from the assembly 10 to the required location within the engine (e.g., to various
elements such as valve lifters, lash adjusters, etc.). The supply port 28 may extend to a supply
gallery 34, which is a supply gallery 34 for the solenoid valve 12. The supply gallery 34 may be
a common supply gallery in those embodiments including multiple solenoid valves. The
pressure within the supply gallery 34 may be sufficient to maintain independent operation of
multiple solenoid valves in those embodiments including multiple solenoid valves.
[0023] The solenoid valve 12 may have a flux circuit formed by a top flux collector 36, a pole
piece 38, a bottom flux collector 40, and an armature 42. The armature 42 may be disposed in an
armature cavity 43. The armature 42 may be configured for movement when a magnetic field is
generated by the coil 20. The top flux collector 36, the pole piece 38, the bottom flux collector
40, and the armature 42 may be assembled within the housing 22. The geometry of the pole
piece 38 may be optimized for transferring magnetic flux. The gap G between the bobbin 18 and
the bottom flux collector 40 may, for example, be about 0.20 mm in an embodiment of the
invention. The gap G may be at least about 0.20 mm in an embodiment of the invention.
Accordingly, the gap G may vary in accordance with different embodiments of the invention. As
described in more detail herein, the gap G may be configured so as to ensure that the bobbin 18
will engage a flange 54 of the pole piece 38 as the bobbin 18 is inserted into the assembly 10,
rather than the flux collector 40. By energizing or de-energizing the coil 20, the armature 42
may be acted upon by the flux to shift a valve stem 44 within the valve body 16. In accordance
with an embodiment of the invention, the working air gap (WAG) between the armature 42 and
the pole piece 38 may, for example, range from about 0.80 to about 1.10 mm. Although this
particular range for the working air gap WAG is mentioned in detail, the working air gap WAG
may be greater or smaller in accordance with other embodiments of the invention.
[0024] Oil may enter the assembly 10 through the supply port 28 and flow through the supply
gallery 34. When the solenoid valve 12 is moved to a certain position (e.g., coil 20 is energized
and armature 42 is moved toward pole piece 38), oil may flow from the supply gallery 34 to the
control port 30 and the exhaust port 32 may be closed. Operation of the solenoid valve 12 may
vary pressure within the control port 30. Oil may also flow to various engine components. The
solenoid valve 12 may also include a bypass passage 46. Bypass passage 46 may be configured
to allow a portion of the oil flow to flow directly from the supply port 28 or supply gallery 34 to
the exhaust port 32. The bypass passage 46 may be defined by the solenoid housing 24 and may
be configured to assist in efficient operation of the solenoid valve 12. When the solenoid valve
12 is energized, the assembly 10 may be in low lift mode. The supply pressure to the supply
gallery 34 may be closed. A small amount of pressure may be maintained in the supply gallery
34 through bypass passage 46. When the solenoid valve 12 is de-energized, the assembly 10
may be in high lift mode. A regulated supply pressure is applied to the supply gallery 34. When
coil 20 is de-energized, the armature 42 is separated from pole piece 38 by the working air gap.
[0025] Referring back to Fig. 1, an exhaust regulator 48 may be configured to control the
pressure of oil within the exhaust port 32. Oil from the supply port 28 may be vented into the
exhaust port 32 through the bypass passage 46. The exhaust regulator 48 may be configured to
act as a pressure relief valve to control the pressure of oil in the exhaust port 32. Additionally,
when the coil 20 is de-energized, the oil from the exhaust port 32 may flow back through the
control port 30 to feed the various engine components.
[0026] In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the pole piece 38
(e.g., a first end) may be configured for insertion into a bore 50 in manifold 24. At least a
portion of the manifold 24 may, thus, define the bore 50. The bore 50 may have a first end and a
second opposing end. The interference/clearance fit between the pole piece 38 and the manifold
24 may, for example, be in the range of about 0.04 to about 0.16 mm in accordance with an
embodiment of the invention. Although this particular range for the interference/clearance fit
between the pole piece 38 and the manifold 24 is mentioned in detail, the interference/clearance
fit between the pole piece 38 and the manifold 24 may be greater or smaller in accordance with
other embodiments of the invention.
[0027] The first end of pole piece 38 may include a groove 51. Groove 5 1 may extend
circumferentially around the first end of the pole piece 38. An o-ring 52 may be disposed within
the circumferentially extending groove 51. The o-ring 52 may be configured to engage a side of
the bore 50 in the manifold 24. For example and without limitation, the o-ring 52 may comprise
a fluorocarbon elastomer o-ring, for example as sold by DuPont under the brand name VITON®.
Although a fluorocarbon elastomer is mentioned in detail in an embodiment of the invention, the
o-ring may comprise any number of other various materials or other pre-formed packaging in
accordance with various other embodiments of the invention. In accordance with an
embodiment of the invention may have about 23-40% squeeze. Although this particular range
for o-ring squeeze is mentioned, the percentage of o-ring squeeze may be greater or smaller in
accordance with other embodiments of the invention. The o-ring 52 may be configured to
provide a robust hydraulic seal between the pole piece 38 and the manifold 24. The o-ring 52
may provide an improved seal between the pole piece 38 and the manifold 24 as compared to a
design with a metal to metal seal as generally illustrated in Fig. 3B.
[0028] The pole piece 38 may be located near the bobbin 18. The pole piece 38 may further
include a radially outwardly extending flange 54. The flange 54 may be located near the groove
5 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The flange 54 may be configured to
engage both the portion of the manifold 24 defining the first end of the bore 50 and the bobbin
18. In particular, as the bobbin 18 is inserted into the assembly 10, at least a portion of the
bobbin 18 may engage the flange 54, rather than engaging the bottom flux collector 40. The
flange 54 may be configured to improve manufacturability by allowing for assembly 10 of the
pole piece 38 to a positive "stop" on the manifold 24 (i.e., not requiring assembly to a
predetermined axial position based on previously obtained measurements).
[0029] Referring now to Figs. 1, 2, and 5, in particular, the housing 22 may include a tab 56.
The tab 56 may be configured to engage the bottom flux collector 40 which is cast with the
manifold 24. In particular, the tab 56 may be configured to be placed into engagement (e.g., bent
and crimped) with the bottom flux collector 40 which is cast with the manifold 24 so as to
connect the valve assembly 10 to the manifold 24. The tab 56 may therefore be configured to
hold the coil 20, bobbin 18, and pole piece 38 in place and generally prevent movement of the
pole piece 38. The configuration and dimensions of the pole piece 38, manifold 24, and
armature 42 are configured to maintain a specified magnetic air gap (e.g., working air gap
(WAG)) and optimize response time and performance of the solenoid valve 12. The magnetic air
gap (e.g., working air gap (WAG)) between the pole piece 38 and the armature 42 may be
employed to impart magnetic strength. The configuration of the inventive assembly 10 may
provide a low cost solution to manufacture the various components and assembly 10. The
inventive assembly 10 may also provide for a robustness of, for example, at least 3 million cycles
with minimal change in the calibrated position.
[0030] Referring now to Fig. 6, another embodiment of a solenoid valve 112 for use with
assembly 10 is generally illustrated. Solenoid valve 112 may be substantially identical to
solenoid valve 12 as described hereinabove except for the following modifications. In particular,
an end 60 of the magnetic pole piece 38 may have a reduced diameter. The reduced diameter
portion at the end 60 of the magnetic pole piece 38 may form a shoulder 62 that is configured to
receive the top flux collector 36. Accordingly, the top flux collector 36 may be used to help
maintain the position of the pole piece 38 and generally prevent movement of the pole piece 38.
The housing may include tab 56. In accordance with this embodiment of the invention, tab 56
may be configured to engage the top flux collector 36. In particular, the tab 56 may be
configured to be placed in engagement (e.g., bent and crimped) with the top flux collector 36 so
as to connect the valve assembly to the manifold. In addition, at least a portion of the bobbin 18
may engage the bottom flux collector 40, such that there may not be a gap between the bobbin 18
and the bottom flux collector 40. The bobbin 18 may not engage the flange 54 of the pole piece
38, thereby allowing the bobbin 18 to be separable from the remainder of the assembly while
maintaining the position of the pole piece 18 relative to the armature 42 and the remainder of the
assembly. The configuration and dimensions of the pole piece 38 again are configured to
maintain a specified air gap (e.g., working air gap (WAG)) and optimize response time and
performance of the solenoid valve 112.
[0031] The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the present invention have been
presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or
to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and various modifications and variations are
possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to
explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others
skilled in the art to utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as
are suited to the particular use contemplated. The invention has been described in great detail in
the foregoing specification, and it is believed that various alterations and modifications of the
invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a reading and understanding of
the specification. It is intended that all such alterations and modifications are included in the
invention, insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims. It is intended that the
scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents.
CLAIMS
What is claimed:
1. An assembly (10), comprising:
a manifold (24) having a portion defining a bore (50), wherein the bore (50) has a first
end and a second end;
a valve (12) disposed at least partially within the manifold (24), the valve (12) including:
a coil (20) configured to generate a magnetic field;
a bobbin (18) configured to house the coil (20);
a pole piece (38) located near the bobbin (18), the pole piece (38) including:
a first end configured for insertion into the bore (50) of the manifold (24);
a circumferentially extending groove (51) located near the first end of the
pole piece (38);
an o-ring (52) disposed in the circumferentially extending groove (51);
and
a radially outwardly extending flange (54) located near the
circumferentially extending groove (51), wherein the radially outwardly extending flange (54) is
configured to engage both the portion of the manifold (24) defining the first end of the bore (50)
and the bobbin (18); and
a housing (22) configured to house the coil (20), the bobbin (18), and the pole
piece (38), wherein the housing (22) includes a tab (56) configured to fasten the valve (12) to the
manifold (24).
2. The assembly (10) of claim 1, wherein the valve (12) further comprises a top flux
collector (36) and a bottom flux collector (40) and wherein the bobbin (18) and the coil (20) are
disposed between the top flux collector (36) and the bottom flux collector (40).
3. The assembly (10) of claim 2, wherein there is a gap between the bobbin (18) and the
bottom flux collector (40).
4. The assembly (10) of claim 1, wherein the valve (12) further comprises an armature (42),
wherein the armature (42) is at least partially disposed within the bore (50) of the manifold (24)
and is configured for movement when a magnetic field is generated by the coil (20).
5. The assembly (10) of claim 4, wherein there is a working air gap between the armature
(42) and the pole piece (38).
6. The assembly (10) of claim 5, wherein the working air gap is between about 0.80 mm and
about 1.10 mm.
7. The assembly (10) of claim 1, wherein the manifold (24) defines a supply port (28)
configured to be in fluid communication with an engine, wherein fluid is configured to flow from
the supply port (28) to a supply gallery (34).
8. The assembly (10) of claim 7, wherein the manifold (24) further defines a control port
(30) configured to be in fluid communication with an engine and wherein fluid is configured to
flow from the supply gallery (34) to the control port (30).
9. The assembly (10) of claim 8, wherein the manifold (24) further defines an exhaust port
(32) configured to be in fluid communication with an engine.
10. The assembly (10) of claim 9, wherein the manifold (24) further defines a bypass passage
(46) configured to allow fluid to flow directly from the supply port (28) or supply gallery (34) to
the exhaust port (32).
11. The assembly (10) of claim 10, further comprising an exhaust regulator (48) configured
to control oil pressure within the exhaust port (32).
12. The assembly (10) of claim 1, wherein the o-ring (52) comprises a fluorocarbon
elastomer.
13. The assembly (10) of claim 2, wherein the tab (56) is configured to engage the bottom
flux collector (40).
14. The assembly (10) of claim 13, wherein the bottom flux collector (40) is cast with the
manifold (24).
The assembly (10) of claim 14, wherein the tab (56) is crimped over the bottom flux
16. An assembly (10), comprising:
a manifold (24) having a portion defining a bore (50), wherein the bore (50) has a first
end and a second end;
a valve (12) disposed at least partially within the manifold (24), the valve (12) including:
a coil (20) configured to generate a magnetic field;
a bobbin (18) configured to house the coil (20);
a pole piece located near the bobbin (18), the pole piece including:
a first end configured for insertion into the bore (50) of the manifold (24);
a circumferentially extending groove (51) located near the first end of the
pole piece;
an o-ring (52) disposed in the circumferentially extending groove (51);
and
a radially outwardly extending flange (54) located near the
circumferentially extending groove (51), wherein the radially outwardly extending flange (54) is
configured to engage both the portion of the manifold (24) defining the first end of the bore (50)
and the bobbin (18);
a top flux collector (36);
a bottom flux collector (40), wherein the coil (20) and the bobbin (18) are
disposed between the top flux collector (36) and the bottom flux collector (40) and there is a gap
between the bobbin (18) and the bottom flux collector (40); and
an armature (42) at least partially disposed within the bore (50) of the
manifold (24) and configured for movement when a magnetic field is generated by the coil (20);
and
a housing (22) configured to house the coil (20), the bobbin (18), and the pole
piece (38), wherein the housing (22) includes a tab (56) crimped over the bottom flux collector
(40) to fasten the valve to the manifold (24).