[Technical field]
[0001]
The present invention relates to protective equipment with an alarm system
capable of ensuring safety, workability and convenience, as well as alerting to
life-threatening dangers such as heatstroke.
[Background Art]
[0002]
For personnel working in harsh environments, monitoring their physical
condition during their work is extremely important. For example, heat spasms or
heat flares which are also known as heatstroke may lead to life-threatening
dangers when the condition occurs in the field and accompanied by dangerous
work. One particular example relates to firefighting activities, firefighters are
required to wear protective equipment such as a fireproof suits in addition to
carrying various pieces of equipment such as a tank and work in high
temperature environments close to flames. Furthermore, because of the nature of
the fireproof suits, heat is prone to stay in the fireproof suits and firefighters are
thus more likely to be at risk for heatstroke. Moreover, firefighters are more likely
to engage in activities that can push them beyond their physical limits. In light of
the above, there has been a need for detecting and reporting when the firefighters
are at a high risk of heatstroke.
[0003]
One prior art document discloses, for example, an ear plug-type alarm system as
proposed in Patent Document 1. However, because it is an ear plug-style system,
there are inherent problems most notably of which is that it interferes with the
hearing of the firefighters. Furthermore, with regard to firefighting activities, the
ear plug-type alarm system may not be durable enough for such a harsh
environment
[0004]
In Patent Document 2, a method has been proposed in which information
detected by a temperature sensor is transmitted to an external module via a
communication means, and the external module determines whether the risk of
heatstroke. However, this method also contains problems particularly that the
alarm system may not operate normally if the firefighters are in a building or in a
basement and communication cannot be ensured.
[0005]
A system for detecting heat stress in firefighting activities has been proposed in
Patent Document 3. However, this system is also flawed because heat stress is
measured at the head and there is a concern that the firefighter's activities may be
hindered. Additionally, the alarm system may not work normally when the head
protection equipment is removed.
[Citation List]
[Patent Literature]
[0006]
Patent Document 1: ]P2013-048812(A]
Patent Document 2: JP2012-187127(A]
Patent Document 3: JP2004-030180(A]
[Summary of Invention]
[Technical Problem]
[0007]
The present invention has been made in order to overcome the above-described
drawbacks and,problems, and provides a protective equipment with an alarm
X
system capable of ensuring safety, workability and convenience, as well as
alerting a worker to life-threatening dangers such as heatstroke.
[Solution to Problem]
[0007]
The present invention has been made in order to overcome the above drawbacks
and problems, and provides a protective equipment with an alarm system capable
of ensuring safety, workability and convenience, as well as alerting a worker to a
life-threatening danger such as a heatstroke.
[Solution to Problem]
[0008]
As a result of earnest study and investigation, the present inventors have found
that by using a protective equipment with an alarm system and through
communication between these alarm systems, it is possible to ensure safety,
workability and convenience, as well as to alert a worker to a risk of a heatstroke
or the like. The present invention has been completed through further earnest
study and investigation on the basis of the above finding.
[0009]
In one aspect the present invention provides a protective equipment with an
alarm system. The alarm system has (i) a sensor for detecting biometric
information of a wearer of the protective equipment; (ii) a determination means
for determining if the. biometric information detected by (i) the sensor'reaches a
threshold value; (hi) an alarming means for alerting to an elevated risk based on
instructions from (ii) the determination means; (iv) a transmitting means for
transmitting an alarm when (iii) tire alarming means is activated; and (v) a
controlling means for controlling (iii) the alarming means and (iv) the
transmitting means.
[0010]
a
(i) The sensor may be a temperature sensor for detecting an inner temperature of
the protective equipment
[0011]
In another aspect, the present invention provides a protective equipment with an
alarm system. The alarm system has (A) a receiving means for receiving an alarm
which is transmitted by (iv) the transmitting means as recited in claim 1; (B) an
alarming means; and (C) a controlling means for controlling (A) the receiving
means and (B) the alarming means.
[0012]
In afore-mentioned aspects of the present invention, the alarming means (i.e.,
means (iii) and/or means (B)) may be based on a sound. A display means for
displaying that at least one of (i) the sensor, pi) the determination means, (iii) the
alarming means, (iv) the transmitting means, (A) the receiving means and (B) the
alarming means is operating normally may be further provided. The protective
equipment may be formed of a multi-layer fabric, (i) The sensor may be disposed
on a skin-side surface of an innermost layer or between layers of the multi-layer
fabric. A heat shielding property (HTI24) of a fabric constituting the protective
equipment may be 13 seconds or more as measured in accordance with ISO 9151.
A water repellency of an outermost surface of a fabric constituting the protective
equipment may be Grade 3 or above as measured by a spray method defined in f IS
L 1092. A fabric constituting the protective equipment may have a shrinkage ratio
of 5% or below according to ISO 11613-1999. The protective equipment may be a
protective suit for a firefighting use. A fabric constituting the protective
equipment may contain aramid fibers.
[Advantages of Invention]
[0013]
The present invention provides protective equipment with an alarm system
capable of ensuring safety, workability and convenience, as well as alerting a
worker to life-threatening danger such as heatstroke.
[Brief Description of Drawings]
/"
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a diagram depicting an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows an example of a system that can be used in the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows an example of a flowchart that can be used in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing exemplary records displayed in an abnormality
detection device 2 in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an exemplary display of the second alarming device 4
in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing a protective suit obtained in Example 1.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an alarm system connected to a network.
[Description of Embodiments]
[0015]
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described based on
an example in which a heatstroke alarm system is applied to a protective suit.
[0016]
In a protective suit for workers with a heatstroke alarm system, which is an
example of the embodiment, the heatstroke alarm system may include a sensor
that detects the biometric information of a wearer, a determination means for
determining that the biometric information which is detected by the sensor
reaches a threshold and the risk of heatstroke is increased, an alarming means for
alerting that the risk of heatstroke is increased, and a transmitting means for
transmitting 'an alarm when the alarming means is activated; as well as a
controlling means for controlling the alarming means and the transmitting means.
Such a protective suit is preferably used as, for example, a fire protective suit (i.e.,
fireproof suit) for firefighters.
[0017] ;
In this regard, it is preferable that the sensor for detecting the biometric
information is a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the
protective suit. However, other types of sensors can also be used including: a
^
temperature sensor for detecting the temperature outside the protective suit, a
humidity sensor for detecting humidity inside or outside the protective suit, a
sensor for detecting oxygen concentration in blood, a sensor for detecting a
heartbeat, a sensor for detecting electrocardiogram waves, a sensor for detecting
a pulse, a sensor for detecting pulse waves, a sensor for detecting blood pressure,
a sensor for detecting vascular flow, a sensor for detecting body movement as
well as the presence/absence of body movement, a sensor for detecting a body
position, a sensor for detecting skin temperature, a sensor for measuring
tympanic membrane temperature, a sensor for measuring rectal temperature, a
sensor for detecting changes in skin color, a sensor for detecting sweat, a sensor
for detecting the number, speed, and depth of breaths, a sensor for detecting
brain waves, a sensor for detecting pupil dilation, a GPS for detecting location, or
the like. It is expected that the accuracy of detection will improve with the
combination of multiple sensors because there are a variety of symptoms of
heatstroke.
[0018]
While the sensor for detecting the biometric information will hereinafter be
referred to as a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the
protective suit, the sensor used is not limited to such a temperature sensor.
[0019]
Furthermore, a supervisor protective suit is a protective suit with the heatstroke
alarm system, which has a receiving means for receiving an alarm sent from other
workers (i.e., the transmitting means of the protective suit for firefighters), an
alarming means, and a controlling means for controlling the receiving means and
the alarming means. Such a protective suit is preferably used as, for example, a
protective suit for captains of the fire brigade. ' • ^ X
[0020]
For example, if the firefighters (i.e., the members) and the captain of the fire
brigade respectively wear such protective suits equipped with the heatstroke
alarm'system, they will be notified of the risk of heatstroke while ensuring safety,
workability, and convenience.
[0021]
C
The heatstroke alarm system using a temperature sensor is explained below
while referring to the figures (Please also refer to figures other than those
expressly indicated figure(s)).
[0022]
Referring to FIG. 1, the heatstroke alarm system comprises an abnormality
detection device 2a, 2b, 2c (2) (hereinafter, simply referred to as an "abnormality
detection device 2" unless particularly distinguished) which is situated inside
and/or outside a worker's protective suit la, lb, lc (1) (hereinafter, simply
referred to as a "worker 1" unless otherwise stated) (i.e., a subject), a first
alarming device 3 and a second alarming device 4 which is carried by a supervisor
5 who is someone other than the worker 1.
[0023]
Referring to FIG. 2, the abnormality detection device 2 includes a temperature
sensor 201, a CPU (i.e., a processing means) 202, a wireless module 203, a
memory (i.e., a storage means) 204, an RTC (i.e., Real Time Clock) 205, a button
206 and a battery 207. In addition, the first alarming device 3 may include a
buzzer (i.e., an abnormality notification means) 301, a CPU (i.e., a processing
means) 302, an optionally a small-sized light 303 and a small-sized motor (i.e., an
abnormality notification means) 304. The CPU 202 of the abnormality detection
device 2 and the CPU 303 of the alarming device may be the same. The system
may include a plurality of the first alarming devices 3 per one abnormality
detection device 2. By including the plurality of first alarming devices 3 in the
system, an individual equipped with the system can be alerted to an alarm at an
early stage. The temperature sensor 201 is a means (i.e., a sensor) for measuring
the temperature inside the clothes of the worker 1. Hereinafter, the data acquired
1% > by the temperature sensor 201 may be referred to asV"sensor data". The CPU. 202
performs various arithmetic processes using the memory 204. The wireless
module 203 is a means for wireless communication with an external device (e.g.,
the first alarming device 3 and/or the second alarming device 4). The memory
204 is a storage means and can be realized toy the use of, for example, RAM
(Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), HDD (Hard;Disk Drive), or
the like. The RTC 205 as a means for measuring time can be realized by the use of,
for example, a dedicated chip, and can be activated by the power supply from a
built-in battery'even while the battery is not in operation. The battery 207 is a
power supply means, and can be realized by the use of, for example, a storage
battery. The button 206 is an input means which is operated (i.e., pressed) by the
worker 1. By disposing a CPU 202 as a means for determining whether or not the
temperature detected by the temperature sensor 201 is equal to or greater than a
threshold value, as well as, the temperature sensor 201 inside the same unit (i.e.,
the abnormality detection device 2), then even in the case where the wireless
module 203 is faulty, or wireless communication is unavailable, the risk of
heatstroke can still be detected, determined, and warned.
[0024]
Further referring to FIG. 2, the first alarming device 3 includes a CPU 302, a
buzzer 301, and a battery 306. The buzzer 301 is an alarming means for
generating a buzzer sound based on instructions from the CPU 302. The light 303
and the small-sized motor 304 are both alarming means for generating light and
vibration, respectively, based on the CPU 302 instructions. The alarm can also be
transmitted in the form of light or vibration in addition to the sound of the buzzer
301 so that the worker 1 can be notified by the alarm more quickly and with more
certainty. A wireless module 305 is a means for wireless communication with the
abnormality detection device 2 and/or an external device (i.e., the second
alarming device 4). The battery 306 is a power supply means, and can be realized
by, for example, a storage battery.
[0025]
Again referring to FIG. 2, the second alarming device 4 includes a panel-type
computer 401, a buzzer 402, a wireless module 403, a memory device 404, an
input device 405, and a battery 406. The panel-type computer 401 is a computer
in which a processing unit 411 including a CPU or the like, a storage unit 412
including RAM, - ROM, HDD or the like; a display unit 413 that maybe a liquid
crystal display with a touch panel or the like are integrally incorporated. With the
panel-type computer 401, an operator can perform an intuitive manual operation
on the display unit 413. The buzzer 402 is an alarming means for generating a
buzzer sound based on instructions from the panel-type computer 401. The
wireless; module 403 is a means for wireless communication with an external
device (i.e., the first alarming device 3). The memory device 404 is a detachable
storage medium and can be realized by, for example, a flash memory. The battery
8-
406 is a power supply means and can be realized by, for example, a storage
battery.
[0026]
Additionally, the antenna of the wireless module 203, 305, 403 can also be formed
integrally with the protective suit by means of conductive fibers or the like. For
example, if the antenna is formed on the outer surface of the protective suit, even
if the abnormality detection device 2, the first alarming device 3, and the second
alarming device 4 are disposed inside the protective suit, wireless communication
therebetween can nonetheless be made without being disturbed by the protective
suit. For this reason, fabrics with high electromagnetic wave absorption may be
used for the protective suit. While the antenna may be formed integrally with the
protective suit by means of the conductive fibers, conductive material may be
alternatively vapored or printed on the protective suit. Alternatively, an antenna
which is formed of a flexible substrate in advance may be coupled to the
protective suit
[0027]
Next, an example of data being stored in the memory 204 of the abnormality
detection device 2 will be described. Referring to FIG. 4, the data stored in the
storage section is composed of five columns and will be described in order from
the left to the right.
[0028]
"Worker" indicates the identifier of a worker 1. "Determination cycle (sec)" is a
cycle (in seconds) that the abnormality detection device 2 periodically collects
data with the temperature sensor 201 and stores the data in the memory 204.
Further, the .determination cycle (sec) is a cycle (in seconds) that the abnormality
detection device 2 compares the data with a predetermined threshold value for
determining the abnormality of the body of the worker 1. For example, there can
be a cycle of 60 seconds as a long cycle and a cycle of 10 seconds as a short cycle.
As part of this example, the time at which the sensor data are collected as needed
is the time measured by the RTC 205.
[0029]
°l
Regarding the "temperature inside clothes (°C)", the "records" signified in the
upper portion of the cell indicates the temperature inside the clothes of the
worker 1 and indicative of the biometric information which is acquired by the
temperature sensor 201 at the indicated time. The "warning level" in the lower
portion of the cell indicates the first temperature threshold value and in this
example is set at 38°C in FIG 4. The set threshold value for various types of
biometric information may be set to either an absolute value or a relative value. If
the relative value is set as the threshold value, the risk of heatstroke can be
reliably detected at an earlier stage by accounting for the individual differences of
the worker 1 and the worker's daily physical condition fluctuation. Further, for
one determination item (for example, the body temperature), the relative
threshold value and the absolute threshold value may be used in combination. In
addition, the determination as to whether each item is abnormal or not may be
made based on the above described date has changed or the changing rate of the
data (i.e., the changed amount over a given unit of time).
[0030]
Next, an example of a screen displayed on the display unit 413 of the second
alarming device 4 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, on the display unit 413
which is the screen for the supervisor, the information for identifying the worker
is displayed in the leftmost column, and the items of "temperature inside clothes"
and "determination" are displayed in the columns to the right of the column
"time".
[0031]
Next, the processing flow of the heatstroke alarm system will be described. It
should be noted that although there may be a plurality of abnormality detection
devices 2, it is assumed for the purposes of this example that there is a single t
abnormality detection device 2 in order to simplify the illustration. Referring to
FIG. 3 (see other figures as appropriate), when the abnormality detection device 2
is powered on by the worker 1 (step SI), the sensor 201 acquires an initial data
set which sets the baseline for the normal sensor data before work and stores the
acquired baseline sensor data in the memory 204 (step -S2). Thereafter, the
worker 1 begins working. Next, the CPU 202 of the abnormality detection device 2,
as the determination means, determines whether or not the determination timing
W
based on the determination cycle occurs (step S3], and if the determination
timing has occurred ("Yes"), it proceeds to step S4.
[0032]
In step S4, the CPU 202 of the abnormality detection device 2 collects the sensor
data which is received from the sensor 201 and compiles the data in the memory
204. At the same time, the CPU 202 of the abnormality detection device 2 may
check the voltage of the battery 207 and/or the status of communication with the
first alarming device 3 or the second alarming device 4. Next, the CPU 202 of the
abnormality detection device 2, as the determination means, determines whether
or not the determination item is equal to or higher than the alarming level (i.e.,
whether "determination" item is "abnormalfalarming}") based on the sensor data
collected in the previous step S4 (step S5). If "Yes", the process proceeds to step
S6. If "No", the process returns to step S3. In step S6, the CPU 202 of the
abnormality detection device 2 notifies the first alarming device 3 of the alarm
content (see FIG. 3).
[0033]
Upon receiving the alarm contents from the abnormality detection device 2, the
first alarming device 3 activates the alarming means. Specifically, for example, by
sounding the buzzer 301, the worker 1 is notified of the abnormality. At the same
time, the small-sized motor 304 may be activated to generate a vibration. The
worker 1 can immediately recognize the occurrence of an abnormal reading
based on the vibration which is generated by the small-sized motor 304 even in
aloud environment in which the noise of the surrounding environment makes the
sound of the buzzer 301 difficult to hear. In this manner, the heatstroke alarm
system in this embodiment can reliably detect the risk of heatstroke of the worker
..1 by virtue of the abnormality detection device 2 and can reliably respondto the
abnormal body readings of the worker 1 by directly notifying the worker 1 of the
alarm content by means of a sound generated by the alarming means, i.e. the
buzzer 301, a vibration generated by the small-sized motor 304 or the like. At
least one abnormality:detection device 2 and at least one first alarming device 3
are given to the worker. In an alternative embodiment; it is desirable that the CPU
of the abnormality detection device 2 and the CPU of the first alarming device 3
are the same. In this case, even in the event that wireless communication between
the first alarming device 3 and the second alarming device 4 is not reliably
U
connecting, the abnormal body readings of the worker 1 can be accurately
detected and the worker 1 can still be directly notified of his/her abnormal
readings.
[0034]
In this way, the heatstroke alarm system of the embodiment can reliably detect
the abnormal body readings of the worker 1 such as in the case of heatstroke and
reliably respond to the abnormal body readings of the worker 1 by directly
notifying the worker 1 of the alarm in the form of a sound generated by the
buzzer 301, a light emitted by the light 303, a vibration generated by a small-sized
motor 304 or the like. In other words, even in a situation in which the wireless
communication between the first alarming device 3 and the second alarming
device 4 is not reliably connecting, the abnormal body readings of the worker 1
can still be reliably detected and the worker 1 can be notified of his/her abnormal
readings.
[0035]
In addition to notifying the worker 1 of his/her abnormal body readings, the
abnormality detection device 2 may wirelessly transmit the message of the
abnormality (i.e., alarm content or warning content) to a remote second alarming
device 4 so that the supervisor 5 can also be made aware of the abnormal
readings on the display of the second alarming device 4 and can then take
appropriate measures.
[0036]
Furthermore, the threshold value for the determination of the abnormal readings
for each item is.not necessarily a common value for all workers 1, and instead the
threshold value fefothe determination of abnormal readings for each, item may be
set to an original value for each worker 1 based on his/her personal biometric
information (i.e., a normal value) which is obtained when the abnormality
detection device 2 is powered on. As a result, the risk of heatstroke can be reliably
detected at an earlier stage and false alarms can be reduced. ;
[0037]
Further, the abnormality detection device 2 may reduce battery 207 usage by
"transmitting a wireless signal only when it is determined that an abnormal body
\Z.
reading of the worker 1 has occurred, except for periodical transmission of the
sensor data which are achieved by the sensor. In addition to the temperature
sensor which is disposed of inside of the clothing, another sensor for achieving
the biometric information of the ambient environment such as a heartbeat sensor,
a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an acceleration sensor, a perspiration
sensor, a blood pressure sensor or a combination thereof may be used. Moreover,
these sensors need not be integrated into the abnormality detection device 2 and
may be configured to transmit predetermined biometric information to the
abnormality detection device 2.
[0038]
Further, even in a case where the abnormality detection device 2 determines that
the body readings of the worker 1 are abnormal, the worker 1 may cancel the
transmission of the abnormality signal to the second alarming device 4 by
pressing the button 206 within a predetermined period of time. However, if the
body of the worker 1 is obviously abnormal, such cancellation is inappropriate.
For this reason, it is preferable that the cancellation is only able to be made when
the abnormal readings do not necessarily occur in the body of the worker 1.
[0039]
Further, the value of the warning level is not limited to this embodiment, and may
be appropriately set by the supervisor 5 based on statistical data or the like. Also,
the threshold value may be set to either a warning level or an alerting level.
[0040]
Although the embodiment has been described with respect to a heatstroke alarm
system as an example, the alarm system can be applied not only to heatstroke but
also to. various dangers for individuals. The protective equipment with the alarm
system is,not limited to a protective suit and it may be applied to helmets, gloves,
boots, watches, headbands or the like,
[0041]
Furthermore, the alarm system according to the embodiment may be connected
to a remote server or the like via a network to accumulate and utilize the
information. FIG. 7 shows a system in which the second alarming device 4 which
is carried by the supervisor 5 is connected to a remote server 8 via wireless
ML
communication with a base station 6 and a network 7 such as through the
internet. In FIG. 7, the biometric information, the location information, or the like
of the workers la, lb is obtained by various sensors which are mounted in each of
the abnormality detection devices 2, and are transmitted to the server 8 via the
second alarming device 4 of the supervisor 5. Instead of or in addition to this, a
system in which the first alarming devices 3 of the workers la, lb are connected
to the server 8 via wireless communication with the base station 6 and the
network 7 may be considered.
[0042]
The server 8 may routinely or periodically measure the biometric information
such as body temperature, heartbeat, blood pressure, respiration rate or the like
of the workers la, lb using the sensors which are mounted in the abnormality
detection device 2, calculate an average value in the daily life for each worker, and
set the threshold value for determining the abnormality for each of the workers 1,
thereby personalizing the measures for each of the workers 1.
[0043]
Moreover, if the server 8 routinely or periodically collects the biometric
information, it is then easy to notice any changes in the physical condition of the
worker 1. For example, if the alarm system according to the embodiment is
applied to, for example, a uniform for a bus or taxi driver whose job being
responsible for a lot of lives, it becomes possible to notice abnormal body
readings at an early stage and take countermeasures.
[0044]
The normal biometric information of the worker 1 which is collected by the
servers need not be limited to the biometric informatiori^which is obtained by the
sensor of the abnormality detection device 2 but rather external information
obtained during routine checkups may also be input and used. Based on all of the
aforementioned information, a threshold value for the biometric information of
each worker 1 may be determined.
[0045]
Further, if the biometric information and the location information of the worker 1
are managed by the'.server 8, and, for example, the server 8 is installed m a fire
VM
station the position, work environment, etc. for each firefighter can be recognized.
Accordingly, the captain of the fire brigade, i.e. the supervisor 5, can be notified
that a dangerous situation may soon occur or that there is a firefighter whose
biometric information is abnormal by or from- the fire department, and thereby
the burden on the captain of the fire brigade can be reduced.
[0046]
Furthermore, by accumulating the position information including the altitude
information as well as the biometric information data on the server 8, it is
possible to study and analyze the behavior patterns of each worker 1 performing
work and the physical condition at that time. For firefighters, Self-Defense Forces,
the military, rescue teams, police officers, security guards, workers at
construction sites such as construction and civil engineering, etc., the data may be
used to improve safety, work efficiency, etc. in future activities or as materials
for training or education.
[0047]
In addition, the biometric information, position information, etc. of the worker 1
could also be displayed in the viewing area of the person or another person's
eyeglasses, goggles or the like. Moreover, each sensor, a battery as a power source
for the sensor, etc. may have a self-diagnosis function, which may include a
calibration function for automatically diagnosing and confirming whether it
operates normally based on either a daily test signal or a baseline test signal from
just before doing work. If the results of the self-diagnosis are transmitted to the
server 8 and accumulated in the server 8, they can be centrally managed as the
data for a maintenance plan. Further, it is possible to notify the wearer of the
presence or absence of abnormal readings by means of either the alarming device
*-3, the alarming device 4 or^the like, and to stop?the worker from working.
[0048]
It is understood that specific configurations such as the hardware and the
flowchart of the alarm system may be appropriately modified without departing
from the object of the present invention. • [0049]
Next, each component will be explained. It is desirable that the temperature
sensor for detecting the inner temperature of the protective suit has
measurement accuracy of 0.1 °C. As a result, the risk of heatstroke can be
detected with high accuracy. With regard to the sensor, a thermocouple or a
Peltier element may be used. It is desirable that the temperature sensor be
disposed between the layers or on the skin-side surface of the innermost layer of
the multi-layer fabric. By disposing the temperature sensor close to the body, the
thermal environment, a factor in the risk for heatstroke, can be detected. Means
other than the temperature sensor need not be disposed between the layers of the
multi-layer fabric or on the skin-side surface of the innermost layer and may be
disposed on the weathered side of the outermost layer. However, in this case,
appropriate waterproof treatment is preferably applied to the means.
[0050]
The temperature sensors, the alarming means, the transmitting means or the
receiving means may be a rectangular parallelepiped or conical solid, or a flexible
form. The flexible form may be, for example, plate-like, fibrous, gel-like or the like.
The use of a more flexible material renders the activity of the worker less
restricted.
[0051]
The clothing including the multi-layer fabric are suitably used as equipment
which also comes equipped with the temperature sensor, the alarming means, the
transmitting means or the receiving means. Clothing is constantly worn by the
workers during their work and would, therefore, hardly disturb the work and
activities of the worker, unlike helmets, earphones, etc. For the above reasons,
clothing is ideally suitable for constant monitoring. However, it goes without
--*; -^saying that the present invention never ^precludes equipping the .helmets,
earphones, etc. with the temperature sensor, the alarming means, the
transmitting means or the receiving means. These temperature sensors, alarming
means, transmitting means or receiving means may be distributed at a plurality of
• locations, thereby reducing or distributing the weight of the entire equipment,
and/or improving work efficiency.
[0052]
Further, by utilizing a multi-layer fabric, it is possible to impart various functions
to the clothing which would be difficult for a single-layer fabric to accomplish all
at the same time. Examples of the functions may include flame retardancy, heat
shielding properties, water repellency, chemical permeability, wound resistance,
abrasion resistance or the like.
[0053]
Such multi-layer fabrics are preferably, for example, those described in
jP2014-091307(A) and JP2011-106069[A). That is, it is as follows:
The multi-layer fabric includes at least two layers, an outer layer and an inner
layer. In the multi-layer fabric, it is preferable to use a fiber material having high
flame retardancy in order to protect the temperature sensor disposed between
the layers or on the skin-side surface of the innermost layer of the multi-layer
fabric. For example, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the fiber constituting the
multi-layer fabric is 21 or above, preferably 24 or above. The limiting oxygen
index is the oxygen concentration (%) of the atmosphere required to continue
combustion, and LOI of 21 or above means that self-extinguishing occurs without
continuing combustion in normal air, thereby exerting high heat resistance. In
this regard, the limiting oxygen index [LOI) is a value measured by JIS L 1091
[method E).
[0054]
In this way, high heat resistance may be obtained by using fibers having the
limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 21 or above in the outermost layer. The
aforementioned fibers include, for example, meta-aramid fibers, para-aramid
fibers, polybenzimidazole fibers, polyimide fibers, polyamideimide fibers,
polyetherimide fibers, polyarylate fibers, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole
fibers, novoloid fibers, polychlor fibers., flame retardant acrylic fibers, flame
retardant rayon fibers, flame retardant polyester fibers, flame retardant cotton
fibers, flame retardant wool fibers, or the like. In particular, it is preferable that
the meta-aramid fibers such as polymetaphenylene isophthalamide and the
para-aramid fibers such as polyparaphenylene terephthalamide improving the
strength of the woven or knitted fabric, or fibers obtained by copolymerizing the
aforementioned meta-aramid fibers or para-aramid fibers with the third
component are used. An exemplary polyparaphenylene terephthalamide
\*
copolymer may be co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide)
fibers. However, flammable materials such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers,
nylon fibers, and acrylic fibers may be used in combination with the
aforementioned fibers as long as flame retardancy is not impaired. Further, the
fibers may be raw fibers or post-dye fibers. Further, the woven fabric may be
subjected to flame-retarding process, if necessary.
[0055]
For the above-mentioned fibers, long fibers or short fibers may be used. Further,
two or more of the aforementioned fibers may be mixed or blended.
[0056]
In accordance with the embodiment of the present invention, as the fabric used
for the outer layer, the meta-aramid fibers and the para-aramid fibers are
preferably used in the form of filaments or blended spun yarns. The spun yarn
used may be a single ply or a double ply. The mixing ratio of the para-aramid
fibers is preferably 5% by weight or above per a total weight of the fibers
constituting the fabric. Because the para-aramid fibers are prone to fibrillation,
the mixing ratio of the para-aramid fibers is 60% by weight or below per a total
weight of the fibers constituting the fabric.
[0057]
The fabric may be used in the form of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, nonwoven
fabric or the like, but is preferably a woven fabric. As the woven fabric, any woven
structure such as plain weave, twill weave, satin weave or the like may be used. In
the case of the woven fabric and knitted fabric, two kinds of fibers may be
interweaved and interknitted.
[0058]
The fabric used for the outermost layer (i.e., the outer surface layer) preferably
has a fabric weight of 140 to 500 g/m2, more preferably 160 to 400 g/m2, still
more preferably 200 to 400 g/m2. If the fabric weight is less than 140 g/m2,
] sufficient heat resistance may not be obtained. On the other hand, if the fabric
weight exceeds 500 g/m2, the feeling of wear as the heat shielding activity
garment may be impaired.
)i
[0059]
In the multi-layer fabric, the inner layer preferably has a tensile modulus of 80 to
800 cN/dtex, a fabric thermal conductivity of 6.0 W-nr^k-1 or below, preferably
5.0 W-m^-k1 or below and a specific gravity of 3.0 g/cm3 or below. The
transmittance of an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of 800 to 3000 nm is
preferably 10% or below, and the fabric weight is preferably 60 to 500 g/m2.
[0060]
The tensile elastic modulus of the fiber is preferably 80 to 800 cN/dtex (more
preferably, 80 to 460 cN/dtex, further preferably 120 to 500 cN/dtex). If the heat
shielding activity garment or the like is formed of the fibers with the tensile
elastic modulus of less than 80 cN/dtex, depending on the movement and posture
of the wearer, the fibers often partly elongate and the fabric becomes thin thereby
failing to exert sufficient heat shielding effect Further, the use of the fibers with
the tensile elastic modulus exceeding 800 cN/dtex may have negative effect on
the stretch of the resulting heat shielding activity garment or the like. Although
this may be avoided by use of the spun yarn, the tensile elastic modulus is
preferably 800 cN / dtex or below in terms of the desired effect to be attained.
' [0061]
In the multi-layer fabric, the fabric weight of the fabric is preferably 60 to 500
g/m2 (more preferably 80 to 400 g/m2, still more preferably 100 to 350 g/m2). If
the fabric weight is lower than 60 g/m2, the transmission of electromagnetic
waves may not be sufficiently prevented in some cases. On the other hand, if the
fabric weight is higher than 500 g/m2, the tendency to accumulate heat becomes
conspicuous and thus there is a possibility that the heat shielding property is
impaired. Also, the light weight property may be impaired.
[0062]
No particular limitation is imposed on the fibers which constitute the multi-layer
fabric, i n order to improve the absorption and reflection of electromagnetic
waves, metal, carbon, or the like may be kneaded into the fibers or adhered to the
surface of the fibers. While the carbon fibers may be used as the
aforementionedfibers, the fibers formed of organic polymers, which are
hereinafter referred to as organic polymer fibers, may be preferably used
\°including aramid fibers, polybenzimidazofe fibers, polyimide fibers,
polyamideimide fibers, polyetherimide fibers, polyarylate fibers,
polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, novoloid fibers, polychlor fibers,
flame retardant acrylic fibers, flame retardant rayon fibers, flame retardant
polyester fibers, flame retardant cotton fibers, flame retardant wool fibers, etc.
[0063]
In order to improve the electromagnetic wave absorption and the thermal
conductivity of the multi-layer fabric, fine particles of carbon, gold, silver, copper,
aluminum or the like may be contained in the organic polymer fibers or adhered
to the surfaces of the organic polymer fibers. In this case, carbon or the like may
be contained in the organic polymeric fibers or imparted to the surface of the
organic polymer fibers as a pigment or paint containing the carbon or the like.
The ratio of the contained or adhered fine particles to a total weight of the organic
polymer fibers is preferably from 0.05 to 60% by weight, more preferably from
0.05 to 40% by weight, although it depends on the specific gravity of the fine
particles. In the case of carbon fine particles, the ratio is preferably 0.05% by
weight or above, more preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, further preferably 0.05
to 5% by weight. Further, in the case of aluminum fine particles, the ratio is
preferably 1% by weight or above, more preferably 1 to 20% by weight, further
preferably 1 to 10% by weight.
[0064]
The number average particle diameter of the fine particles is preferably 10 urn or
below (more preferably 0.01 to 1 urn).
[0065]
If the carbon. fiber/ the metal fiber or the like satisfy the aforementioned
requirements such as LOI value and thermal conductivity, it can be used as it is
without kneading fine particles thereinto. In particular, as the fibers constituting
the inner layer, the fabric with the content of carbon fiber or metal fiber of
preferably 50% by weight or above, more preferably 80% by weight or above,
further preferably 100% can be preferably used.-
[0066]
0^3
Further, the thickness of each layer of the multi-layer fabric greatly affects the
heat shielding property. For example, as described in JP2010-255124(A), it is
preferable that the thickness of the outer surface layer and the thickness of the
inner layer satisfy the following relationship:
5.0 mm S thickness of heat shielding layer (mm) ^ -29.6 x (thickness of outer
surface layer (mm)) + 14.1 (mm)
[0067]
By using the multi-layer fabric containing a high heat shielding property, the
temperature sensor, the alarming means, the transmitting means and/or the
receiving means which are disposed between the layers or on the skin-side
surface of the innermost layer of the multi-layer fabric can be protected from the
flame and the alarming signal can be reliably transmitted.
[0068]
In the multi-layer fabric, the fabric form may be changed from its normal state
upon exposure to flames. For example, it is considered that the fabric thickness
increases under the exposure to the flame. In this way, the multi-layer fabric
which is thin and provides for comfort in the normal state can suppress the
increase of the risk for heatstroke, and provides enhanced protection from the
flames upon the exposure to the flame. Accordingly, this enables higher levels of
safety against both the heatstroke and the flames.
[0069]
The heat shielding property (HTI) of the fabric constituting the protective suit is
preferably 13 seconds or more as measured by the method defined in ISO 9151.
As a result; 'thevvorker can be protected from the dangers of the flames, and the
temperature sensor, the alarming means, the transmitting means and/or the
receiving means mounted in the clothes can be protected from the flames thereby
enabling them to fulfill their respective functions.
[0070] i i
In addition, the water repellency of the fabric constituting the protective suit is
preferably Grade 3 or above as measured by the spray method defined in JIS L
1092. As a result, the temperature sensor which is mounted in the protective suit
2A
can be protected from water and liquid chemicals to prevent electric leakage and
short-circuiting and thus the temperature sensor can function normally. A
protective suit with high water resistance and chemical resistance may be
obtained by applying a fluorine-based water repellent resin onto the multi-layer
fabric in accordance with, for example, a coating method, a spraying method, a
dipping method, or the like. In addition, water repellency may be attained by
adding a layer with high waterproofness insomuch as that flame retardancy and
heat resistance are satisfied.
[0071]
In the multi-layer fabric, the shrinkage ratio is preferably 5% or below according
to the international performance standard ISO 11613-1999 in which the flame
resistance, the heat resistance and the washing resistance are applied to the
protective suit for firefighting use. Furthermore, it is preferable that the
protective suit for firefighting use does not ignite, separate, drop, and melt,
according to the international performance standard ISO 11613-1999. Thus, the
temperature sensor, the alarming means, the transmitting means and the
receiving means which may be disposed inside the protective suit can be
protected from the flames and the alarm information can be reliably transmitted.
[0072]
A moisture permeable and waterproof film may be placed on and secured to a
fabric which is formed of the fibers having LOI value of 25 or above. Such a
laminated structure functions as an intermediate layer between the outer layer
and the inner layer of the multi-layer fabric. Due to the intermediate layer, the
permeation of water from the outside can be suppressed while maintaining the
comfort of the fabric structure. Accordingly, the above fabric structure is more
suitable > as the protective suit for firefighters who perform firefighting activities
such, as water discharge. The fabric weight of the intermediate layer used is
preferably in the range of 50 to 200 g/m2. If the fabric weight is less than 50 g/m2,
sufficient heat shielding performance may not be obtained. On the other hand, if
the fabric weight is greater than 200 g/m2, the weight of the heat shielding
-activity suit may be too heavy for the wearer and performance may be impaired.
A thin film which is formed from polytetrafluoroethylene or the like having
moisture permeation and waterproof properties is preferably applied onto the
fabric, thereby improving the moisture permeation and waterproofness as well as
2 J -
the chemical resistance. As a result, the evaporation of sweat is promoted and the
heat stress of the wearer is reduced. The total weight per unit area of the thin film
to be applied to the intermediate layer is preferably in the range of 10 to 50 g/m2.
Even when the thin film is applied onto the fabric of the intermediate layer, as
described above, the fabric weight of the intermediate layer in which the thin film
is applied to the fabric is preferably in the range of 50 to 200 g/m2 as described
above.
[0073]
In addition, a backing layer may be applied onto the inner surface (i.e., the
skin-side surface] of the. inner layer of the multi-layer fabric taking into
consideration practicability such as the touch, wearability and durability of the
multi-layer fabric. The fabric weight of the fabric to be used for the backing layer
is preferably in the range of 20 to 200 g/m2.
[0074]
For example, the protective suit may be manufactured by providing the inner and
outer layers, with an optional intermediate layer between the inner layer and
outer layer, further optionally the backing layer on the inner surface of the inner
layer, and sewing them by the known method. Furthermore, the multi-layer fabric
in accordance with the embodiment may be manufactured by overlapping the
outer and inner layers, attaching fasteners to the layers of the fabric and sewing
the layers of the fabric. In this case, due to the fasteners, the layers of the fabric
may be separated from each other as required.
[0075]
. By combining the protective suit with the abnormality detection device 2, the first
• alarming device 3, and the second alarming device-4* the protective suit with the
heatstroke alarm system can be obtained.
[0076]
i Here, it is desirable that the abnormality detection device 2, the first alarming
device 3, and the second alarming device 4 are arranged on the front body side of
the protective suit. By adopting the above arrangement, the activities during the
workwill not be disturbed, and personal injury as well as the device breakage can
be prevented when the worker falls or hits a wall. • - *
-&L
[0077]
As for the arrangement, various methods can be applied as long as the above
devices are coupled to the protective suit. For example, the devices may be
situated in the pocket during the creation of the pocket, or secured to the
protective suit with a string, band, hook and loop fastener, fastener, snap button,
adhesive tape, or bracket. Alternatively, the devices and the protective suit may
be sewn together. Alternatively, the devices may be attached to the protective
suit.
[0078]
At this time, it is preferable that the abnormality detection device 2 including the
temperature sensor is disposed of on the skin-side surface of the innermost layer
or between the layers of the multi-layer fabric. This is because the elevation of
body temperature as the principal indicator of the onset of heatstroke can be
accurately detected.
[0079]
As described above, the protective suit of the embodiment of the present
invention is suitably used as a protective suit for firefighting use (i.e., the
fire-fighting garment), but in addition to firefighters, it may also be used for
Self-Defense Forces, military personnel, rescue teams, police officers, security
guards, workers at construction sites such as construction and civil engineering,
etc.
Example
[0080]
^J(,: .Next, examples of the present invention will, be described in detail, .but the
present invention is not limited by these examples. Each measurement in the
examples was made by the method described in Table 1.
(1) Fabric Weight
-• The fabric weight was measured according to JISL1096-1990. ?
(2) Thickness
2>)
The thickness was measured using a digimatic thickness tester according to JIS L
096-1990 (woven fabric).
(3) Heat Shielding Property
The time required until the temperature elevation reached 24 °C (HTI24) after
exposure to the predefined flame was measured in accordance with ISO 9151. The
longer time means a better heat shielding property.
(4) Shrinkage Ratio (Dimensional Change Ratio)
According to ISO 11613, the dimensional change ratio of the fabric before and
after exposure to the predefined heat was measured,
(5) Heat Resistance
According to ISO 11613, the fabric was measured as to whether it ignited,
separated, dropped or melted after exposure to a predefined heat.
(6) Water Repellency
Water repellency was measured by JIS L1092 (spray method) -1992.
[0081]
[Example 1]
According to the Comparative Example 4 of JP2014-091307(A), a multi-layer
fabric was obtained and sewn into the shape of a protective suit for firefighting
use.
[0082]
Specifically, for an outmost layer, a woven fabric having a plain weave ripstop
structure was manufactured using spun yarns (count: 40/2), The spun yarns were
formed of heat-resistant fibers in which polymetaphenylene isophthalamide
fibers (CONEX (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) and
co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'~oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) fibers
(TECHNORA (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) were mixed in a ratio
of 90:10. The fabric weight of the outer surface layer was 380 g/m2.
[0083]
; '«„
According to Example 6 of JP2014~091307(A), a multi-layer fabric was obtained
and sewn into the shape of a protective suit for firefighting use.
[0091]
Specifically, for an outmost layer, a woven fabric having a plain weave ripstop
structure was manufactured using spun yarns (count: 40/2). The spun yarns were
formed of heat-resistant fibers in which polymetaphenylene isophthalamide
IX
fibers (CONEX (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) and
co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) fibers
(TECHNORA (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) were mixed in a ratio
of 90:10. The fabric weight of the outer surface layer was 380 g/m2.
[0092]
For the intermediate layer, a woven fabric (fabric weight: 80 g/m2) having a plain
weave structure was manufactured using spun yarns (count: 40/-) and a
polytetrafluoroethylene-moisture permeable and waterproof film (manufactured
by Japan Gore-Tex Co., Ltd.) was applied to the woven fabric. The spun yarns were
formed of heat-resistant fibers in which polymetaphenylene isophthalamide
fibers (CONEX (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) and
co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) fibers
(TECHNORA (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) were mixed in a ratio
of95:5.
[0093]
For the heat shielding layer, aramid fibers containing 1% by weight of carbon
particles in co-poly- (paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) fibers
were used. Preparation of a polymer solution (i.e., dope) and spinning of the
aramid fibers containing carbon black were carried out by the following method.
[0094]
2,051 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (hereinafter referred to as NMP) having a
moisture content of about 20 ppm was charged into a mixing tank which was
equipped with an anchor stirring blade and into which nitrogen flowed. 2764 g of
paraphenylene diamine and 5,114g of 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether were precisely
weighed, added and .dissolved. 10,320 g of Jterephthalic acid chloride was
precisely weighed and added to the diamine solution at a temperature of 30 °C
and with stirring rate of 64 revolutions per minute. The temperature of the
solution increased to 53 °C due to the heat of the reaction and was then further
heated to 85 °C for 60 minutes. Stirring was further continued at 85 °C for 15
•minutes to complete the polymerization reaction. The completion of the
polymerization reaction was identified by the completion of the viscosity increase
of the solution. Thereafter, a 16.8 kg of NMP slurry containing 22.5% by weight of
calcium hydroxide was added and stirring was continued for 20 minutes to adjust
7%
the pH to 5.4. The dope solution thus obtained was filtered through a filter having
an opening of 30 pm resulting in a polymer solution having a polymer
concentration of 6% (hereinafter referred to as the dope). The carbon powder
"Carbon black FD-0721" manufactured by Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg.
Co., Ltd. was used and the number average particle diameter of the carbon
powder was 0.36 um. The carbon particles were added such that the content
thereof per the fibers was 1%.
[0095]
The addition of carbon black to the fibers was carried out by quantitatively
injecting the NMP slurry of carbon black into the above-mentioned dope being fed
to the carbon black blended spinning head; immediately subjecting the mixture to
dynamic mixing and successively adding 20 or more-staged static mixers;
discharging the resulting product through first a metering pump and then a
pack/spinning nozzle; collecting the resulting product by dry jet spinning;
winding the product having experienced coagulation, drying, hot drawing and
finishing with an oil application resulting in
co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide] fiber yarns. The
filament having a total fineness of 1670 dtex was used to fabricate a woven fabric
having a plain weave structure. The fabric weight of the inner layer was 210 g/m2.
Results are shown in Table 1.
[0096]
A protective suit was obtained by sewing the above-described multi-layer fabric.
The results of the protective suit thus obtained is shown in Table 1.
[0097]
Next, a unit including an abnormality detection device 2, a unit including a first
alarming device 3-1 with a buzzer, and a unit including another first alarming
device 3-2 with a light was created. The abnormality detection device 2 was
obtained by combining a commercially available unit including a temperature
sensor and a transmitting means with a determination means and a controlling
means. Wireless communication was established between these devices.
[0098]
^
Subsequently, these means were disposed in a protective suit for firefighting use
which included the multi-layer fabric. The abnormality detection device 2, the
first alarming device 3-1, and the other first alarming device 3-2 were centrally
disposed at the right portion of the jacket of the protective suit. Specifically, a
pocket of the same material as the innermost layer was disposed on the skin-side
of the innermost layer, and the abnormality detection device 2 was situated in the
pocket. The first alarming device 3-1 was disposed on the weathered side of the
outermost layer of the protective suit using a pocket The first alarming device 3-2
was situated in a waterproof case and then disposed on the weathered side of the
outermost layer of the protective suit using a band. In this way, a protective suit 9
for firefighters was obtained.
[0099]
Further, a unit including a second alarming device 4 was created. A second
alarming device 4 was obtained by combining a commercially available unit
including the receiving means and the transmitting means with a small-sized
computer. The second alarming device 4 also included a display means for
indicating that the temperature sensor, the alarming means, the transmitting
means and the receiving means functioned normally. Subsequently, the second
alarming device 4 was disposed in a protective suit for firefighting use which
included the multi-layer fabric. The second alarming device 4 was centrally
disposed at the right portion of the jacket of the protective suit. Specifically, a
snap button was attached to the skin-side of the innermost layer, and a
counterpart snap button was also attached to the second alarming device 4. The
second alarming device 4 was disposed by coupling the snap buttons to each
other. In this way, a protective suit 10 for a captain of the fire brigade was
obtained.
[0100]
The protective suit 9 for firefighters and the protective suit 10 for a captain of the
fire brigade allow for alerting to the risk for heatstroke while ensuring safety,
workability, and convenience. i
[0101]
[Example 3]
ao
According to Comparative Example 1 of JP2011-106069(A), a multi-layer fabric
was obtained and further sewn into the shape of a protective suit for firefighting
use.
[0102]
Specifically, for an outmost layer, dual weave fabric was used. A plain weave
fabric which was manufactured using spun yarns (count: 40/2) was exteriorly
arranged and another plan weave fabric which was manufactured using spun
yarns (count: 40/-) of 100% co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene
terephthalamide) fibers (TECHNORA (trademark) manufactured by Teijin
Limited) was interiorly arranged. The former spun yarns were formed of
heat-resistant fibers in which polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fibers (CONEX
(trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) and
co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) fibers
(TECHNORA (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) were mixed in a ratio
of 90:10. The two plain weave fabrics were woven to obtain the dual weave fabric
for the outmost layer. The outer and inner fabrics were bonded in a lattice pattern
with the inner TECHNORA (trademark), and the lattice spacing was 20 mm. The
fabric weight of the outer surface layer was 200 g/m2.
[0103]
For the intermediate layer, a woven fabric (fabric weight: 80 g/m2) having a plain
weave structure was manufactured using spun yarns (count: 40/-) and a
. polytetrafluoroethylene-moisture permeable and waterproof film (manufactured
by Japan Gore-Tex Co., Ltd.) was applied to the woven fabric. The spun yarns were
formed of heat-resistant fibers in which polymetaphenylene isophthalamide
fibers (CONEX (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) and
co-vpoly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) fibers
{TECHNORA (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) were mixed in a ratio
of95:5.
[0104]
For the heat shielding layer, initial spun yarns (yarn 1) (count: 40/-) were firstly
formed of heat-resistant fibers in which polymetaphenylene isophthalamide
fibers (CONEX (trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) and
co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) fibers
3>(TECHNORA [trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) were mixed in a ratio
of 95:5. The initial spun yarns (yarn 1) and one yarn of 56 dtex/12 filaments
polyethylene terephthalate fiber (YHY N 800 SSDC manufactured by Teijin
Limited) were combined and twisted 500 times in the S direction resulting in a
yarn 2. The spun yarn 1 and the yarn 2 were woven with a weaving density of 113
yarns / 2.54 cm and a weft of 80 yarns / 2.54 cm. For the heat shielding layer,
spun yarns 1 (count: 40/-) were firstly formed of heat-resistant fibers in which
polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fibers (CONEX (trademark) manufactured by
Teijin Limited) and co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene
terephthalamide) fibers (TECHNORA (trademark) manufactured by Teijin
Limited) were mixed in a ratio of 95:5. The spun yarns 1 and one yarn of 56
dtex/12 filaments polyethylene terephthalate fibers (YHY N800SSDC
manufactured by Teijin Limited) were combined and twisted 500 times in the S
direction resulting in a yarn 2. The spun yarn 1 and the yarn 2 were woven with a
weaving density of a warp of 113 yarns /2.54 cm and a weft of 80 yarns/ 2.54 cm.
The resulting woven fabric was subjected to desizing at 80 °C for 1 minute. The
resultant fabric was finally subjected to desizing at 180°C for 1 minute and then
used. A protective suit was obtained by sewing the multi-layer fabric. Evaluation
is shown in Table 1.
[0105]
Next, an abnormality detection device 2, a first alarming device 3-1 with a buzzer,
and another first alarming device 3-2 with a light were fabricated. The
abnormality detection device 2 was obtained by combining a commercially
available unit including a temperature sensor and a transmitting means with a
determination means and a controlling means. Wireless communication was
established between these means.
[0106]
Subsequently, these means were disposed in a protective suit for firefighting use
which includes the multi-layer fabric. The abnormality detection device 2, the first
alarming device 3-1, and the first alarming device 3-2 were centrally disposed at
the right portion of the jacket of the protective suit Specifically; a pocket of the
same material as the innermost layer was disposed on the skin-side of the
innermost layer, and the abnormality detection device 2 was situated in the
pocket. The first alarming'device 3-1 was disposed on the weathered side of the
-
According to the Comparative Example 4 of JP2014-091307(A], a multi-layer
fabric was obtained and sewn into the shape of a protective suit for firefighting
use.
[0110}: •• t
Specifically, for an outmost layer, a woven fabric having a plain weave ripstop
structure was manufactured using spun yarns (count: 40/2]. The spun yarns were
13-
formed of heat-resistant fibers in which polymetaphenylene isophthalamide
fibers (CONEX(trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) and
co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthaf amide) fibers
(TECHNORA(trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited) were mixed in a ratio
of 90:10. The fabric weight of the outer surface layer was 380 g/m2.
[0111]
For the heat shielding layer, a woven fabric having a plain weave structure was
manufactured using filaments having a total fineness of 1670 dtex which were
formed of co-poly-[paraphenylene/3,4'-oxydiphenylene terephthalamide) fiber
yarns (TECHNORA(trademark) manufactured by Teijin Limited). The fabric
weight of the heat shielding layer [i.e., an inner layer) was 210 g/m2. Results are
shown in Table 1.
[0112]
A protective suit was obtained by sewing the above multi-layer fabric. The
remaining was the same as Example 1. Because the waterproofness of the
multi-layer fabric was not sufficient, the interiorly-arranged temperature sensor,
the alarming means, the transmitting means and the receiving means became wet
from the discharged water. However, in a situation where the equipment does not
become wet, the system could normally alert the risk of heatstroke.
[0113]
[Table 1]
Ex. 1
Ex. 2
Ex.3
Ex. 4
outer layer
fabric
weight
(g/cmzj
380
380
205
380
weave
plain weave
ripstop
plain weave
ripstop
dua! weave
plain weave ."
ripstop
shrinka
oe ratic
<5%