CLIAMS:I claim:-

1. Methodology and technique for applying time slot allocation approach for separation of nodes for data collection by way of an improved QoS using Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) in wireless sensor networks to save the energy of nodes and reduce energy consumption during the source to sink node network communication in maintaining end-to-end Quality of Service with help of combination of TDMA and CSMA wherein the numbers of nodes are categories into hop wise or level wise in the sensor network.

2. In the invention as claimed in claim 1 the nodes which are one hop away from the sink nodes apply TDMA algorithm which divides the timeframe into number of slots then source nodes transmit data within the period of allocated slot to the sink node so as to reduce energy consumption and solve the problem of congestion near the sink nodes.

3. In the invention as claimed in claim 1, rest of the nodes in network apply CSMA algorithm which solves the problem of collision in the network communication which gives better performance for the network by increasing packet delivery ratio and decreasing Average End-to-End Delay of the sensor network.

4. In the methodology as claimed in claim 1 time slot allocation approach works with Round robin approach for nodes which are one hop away from the sink node means when sink nearest node activate then all source node sends the data during active mode of this node and rest of the nodes goes in sleep mode.

5. In the methodology as claimed in claim 1 the nodes which are one hop away from the sink node collect the data and send to the sink node means reliability of data transmission increases and congestion in the network also decrease.

6. In the methodology as claimed in claim 5 rest of the nodes which are not one hop away from sink node works with simple CSMA approach to avoid the congestion, improves PDR, throughput and decrease delay in the network.

7. In the methodology as claimed in claim 1 in the second case, nodes which are one hop away from the sink node apply CSMA approach for avoid collision and traffic and rests of the node working with TDMA algorithm for increase PDR and Throughput of the network to achieve more QoS of the networks.

8. In the invention as claimed in claim 1, hardware used in the Sensor Node with MSP 430 ARM Processor.

9. In the invention as claimed in claim 1 Communication Driver is preferably CC2210.

10. In the invention as claimed in claim 1 ZigBee Transmitter is Xeebee.
,TagSPECI:FORM 2
THE PATENT ACT 1970
(39 OF 1970)
AND
The patent rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10: rule 13)

1. TITLE OF INVENTION
QoS improvement using Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) in wireless sensor networks

2 APPLICANTS
Sr. No Name Nationality Address
1 Mr. VivekDeshpande Indian D-19, Prathmesh, Chintamani Nagar, Bibwewadi, Pune 411037

3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION

COMPLETE
Following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

4. DESCRIPTION.

Technical field of invention:

Present invention relates generally to wireless sensor network, and more specifically to maintaining end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) parameters while time delaying information packets and Energy Consumption of the nodes thereby with help of combination of TDMA and CSMA.

Prior art

A capacity of a wireless communications network (e.g. a number of communication devices that may be supported by the network) is generally determined by an acceptable bit error rate (BER), an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio of the communications devices operating within the network, and the type of service (data rate) required by the communication devices. These parameters are often affected by such factors as the amount of noise and interference within the network, multi-paths, distance between the communication device and a transmitting base station, and the transmission power of the communications device.

One technique to increase the number of communication devices that may operate within the network is to allow the individual communications devices to determine the acceptable communications parameters, such as a desired quality of service (QoS), required for a particular transmission of information. For example, the communications device may request a connection to a base station that permits an information transfer rate of 100 kilo bits/second and a maximum time delay of 10 milliseconds in between information packets.

Different kinds of information are transferred through the communications network. Users are aware to varying degrees of a “delay” associated with the transmission of information, as the information, traverses from a first point to a second point within the communications network. Thus, a variety of levels of QoS are provided within the communications network.

Source node transmits the data to sink node. In this process of data transmission to sink node Quality of Services (QoS) of the sensor network are affected due to the congestion and heavy traffic during the data transmission. So, performance of the sensor network will be degrading.

In Wireless Sensor Network Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) are the two different MAC protocols. CSMA is used for collision avoidance and TDMA is used for time slot allocation. The main disadvantage of CSMA protocol is energy consumption. The performance of the CSMA MAC Protocol for Average Energy Consumption and Average Residual Energy should be very poor.

CSMA consume more energy in the communication due to which the nodes are damaged or dead during the communication and network also gets breakdown which in turn directly effect on performance of the network. In case of TDMA MAC, due to the wastage of slot time for overheads Average End -to- End Delay should be increases. Thus Average packet delivery ratio and Average Throughput also decreases. This is the disadvantages of TDMA MAC.

The above are the mentioned disadvantages of CSMA and TDMA MAC Protocols. Traffic or congestion arrives near the nodes which are one hop away from the sink node due to this problem QoS of the sensor network decreases and performance of the network will be low.

Thus in the present invention relates to achieves more QoS of the network and improve the performance of the network to design and implement a new Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) to solve the problems of CSMA and TDMA.

Object:

1. Primary object of present invention provide an improved QoS using Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) in wireless sensor networks to save the energy of nodes and reduce energy consumption during the source to sink node network communication in maintaining end-to-end Quality of Service with help of combination of TDMA and CSMA.

2. Another object of present invention is to achieve better performance for packet delivery ratio and packet loss ratio i.e. increase packet delivery ratio and decreases packet loss ratio during the network communication.

3. Yet another object of the invention is to provide reduce or decrease End-to-End Delay for sending and receiving data within communication of sensor nodes.

4. Yet another object of the present invention is to improve reliability of packet transmission by improving traffic fairness and avoid congestion during the communication.

5. Yet another object of the present invention is to reduce end-to-end delay, increase PDR and reduce PLR.

Other objects, features and advantages will become apparent from detail description and appended claims to those skilled in art.

STATEMENT:

Accordingly following invention provides for an improved QoS using Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) in wireless sensor networks to save the energy of nodes and reduce energy consumption during the source to sink node network communication in maintaining end-to-end Quality of Service with help of combination of TDMA and CSMA. The numbers of nodes are categories into hop wise or level wise in the sensor network. The nodes which are one hop away from the sink nodes apply TDMA algorithm. The rest of the nodes in network apply CSMA algorithm. TDMA algorithm divides the timeframe into number of slots then source nodes transmit data within the period of allocated slot to the sink node so as to reduce energy consumption and solve the problem of congestion near the sink nodes. CSMA algorithm solves the problem of collision in the network communication. This method gives better performance for the network by increasing packet delivery ratio and decreasing Average End-to-End Delay of the sensor network.

These and other features and advantages will be more readily understood by referring to the following detailed illustrations for a novelty.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING:

This invention is described by way of example with reference to the following drawing where,

Figure 1 of sheet 1 shows schematic representation of detailed example of sensor network data communication system
Where,
1 denotes Sink
2 denotes One Hop Nodes
3 denotes Two Hop Nodes
4 denotes Three Hop Nodes
5 denotes Four Hop Nodes

In order that the manner in which the above-cited and other advantages and objects of the invention are obtained, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be referred, which are illustrated in the appended drawing. Understanding that these drawing depict only typical embodiment of the invention and therefore not to be considered limiting on its scope, the invention will be described with additional specificity and details through the use of the accompanying drawing.

DETAILED DISCRIPTION:
Present invention attempts to provide for an improved QoS using Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) in wireless sensor networks to save the energy of nodes and reduce energy consumption during the source to sink node network communication in maintaining end-to-end Quality of Service with help of combination of TDMA and CSMA.

Present invention is the methodology and technique for applying time slot allocation approach for separation of nodes for data collection. Time slot allocation approach of separation nodes apply only for the nodes which are one hop away from the sink node. Rests of the nodes which are two, three, four hop away from the sink node they are not able to apply for this approach. Time slot allocation approach is very effective for avoid the traffic and Congestion node which are near the sink node. Due to this approach end to end delay decreases, packet delivery ratio and throughput also increases, most important Energy consumption for the node which are one hop away from the sink node also decrease and save more energy during the communication. Time slot allocation approach works with Round robin approach for nodes which are one hop away from the sink node. When sink nearest node activate then all source node sends the data during active mode of this node and rest of the nodes goes in sleep mode.
So with this technique wastage of energy of other nodes get reduced.

The nodes which are one hop away from the sink node collect the data and send to the sink node. Reliability of data transmission increases and congestion in the network also decrease. Rest of the nodes which are not one hop away from sink node works with simple CSMA approach to avoid the congestion, improves PDR, throughput and decrease delay in the network.

The Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) algorithm is invented and discussed bellow.
1) Set HopCount = 0 to the sink node.
2) Initialize and check hop count for communication.
3) if (HopCount = 1) then
Communication with Sink (HopCount = 0)
Ts = Total Time
Number of Nodes
Where, Ts = Timeslots allocated per node.
Packets transmit to the sink node in the time Ts.
Communication with downstream nodes (HopCount> 1).
Communicate data with CSMA.
else
Apply CSMA to the rest of all nodes.
Collect the data from rest of the nodes.

Best Method of Performance:

In order to provide better understanding of the present invention one of the preferred embodiments is provided of the working of the invention. It can be better understood by the person skilled in the art that further modifications in the embodiments are possible within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Following invention can be better understood with the help of given figure 1 of the sheet 1.In this figure, suppose the event occurs to the node 3. Then the node number 3 sends the data to node 10. Node number 10 is node which is one hop away from the sink node. Where TDMA apply and allocate time slots to the nodes which are one hop away from the sink nodes. Number10 node sends the data to the sink node i.e. Node number 19. At that time other nodes goes in sleep state or mode up to active slot for data transmission.

Additional advantages and modification will readily occur to those skilled in art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspect is not limited to specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general invention concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Adv. Swapnil Gawande (IN/PA/1587)

CLAIMS

I claim:-

1. Methodology and technique for applying time slot allocation approach for separation of nodes for data collection by way of an improved QoS using Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) in wireless sensor networks to save the energy of nodes and reduce energy consumption during the source to sink node network communication in maintaining end-to-end Quality of Service with help of combination of TDMA and CSMA wherein the numbers of nodes are categories into hop wise or level wise in the sensor network.

2. In the invention as claimed in claim 1 the nodes which are one hop away from the sink nodes apply TDMA algorithm which divides the timeframe into number of slots then source nodes transmit data within the period of allocated slot to the sink node so as to reduce energy consumption and solve the problem of congestion near the sink nodes.

3. In the invention as claimed in claim 1, rest of the nodes in network apply CSMA algorithm which solves the problem of collision in the network communication which gives better performance for the network by increasing packet delivery ratio and decreasing Average End-to-End Delay of the sensor network.

4. In the methodology as claimed in claim 1 time slot allocation approach works with Round robin approach for nodes which are one hop away from the sink node means when sink nearest node activate then all source node sends the data during active mode of this node and rest of the nodes goes in sleep mode.

5. In the methodology as claimed in claim 1 the nodes which are one hop away from the sink node collect the data and send to the sink node means reliability of data transmission increases and congestion in the network also decrease.

6. In the methodology as claimed in claim 5 rest of the nodes which are not one hop away from sink node works with simple CSMA approach to avoid the congestion, improves PDR, throughput and decrease delay in the network.

7. In the methodology as claimed in claim 1 in the second case, nodes which are one hop away from the sink node apply CSMA approach for avoid collision and traffic and rests of the node working with TDMA algorithm for increase PDR and Throughput of the network to achieve more QoS of the networks.

8. In the invention as claimed in claim 1, hardware used in the Sensor Node with MSP 430 ARM Processor.

9. In the invention as claimed in claim 1 Communication Driver is preferably CC2210.

10. In the invention as claimed in claim 1 ZigBee Transmitter is Xeebee.

Adv. Swapnil Gawande (IN/PA/1587)

Mr. Vivek Deshpande sheet 1/1

Figure 1

Adv. Swapnil Gawande (IN/PA/1587)

ABSTRACT

Present invention discloses an improved QoS using Federated MAC Protocol (FMAC) in wireless sensor networks to save the energy of nodes and reduce energy consumption during the source to sink node network communication in maintaining end-to-end Quality of Service with help of combination of TDMA and CSMA. The given invention shows the time slot allocation approach to avoid congestion and traffic near the nodes which are one hop away from the sink node in wireless sensor networks. In order to improve average packet delivery ratio, average throughput, reliability during the data transmission, reduce average end-to-end delay and reduce energy consumption. The time slot allocation approach applies on the nodes which are one hop away from the sink node. Rests of the nodes work with collision avoidance approach for avoid collision in the network. Use of FMAC for increase the performance of network and achieves more quality of services of sensor networks. The following invention is described in detail with the help of figure 1 of sheet 1 which shows schematic representation of detailed example of sensor network data communication system.