1. A resilient railway rail fastening clip (3) for fastening a railway rail to an underlying foundation, the 5 clip (3) being such that it can be deflected from a nonoperative configuration to at least one operative configuration in which a toe portion (34) of the clip (3) can bear on a railway rail, the clip (3) being made from a rod of resilient material shaped so as to have, proceeding 10 from one end El of the rod to the other end E2 of the rod, firstly a substantially straight first portion (31), then a substantially bent second portion (32), then a third portion (33), then a fourth portion (34) which is substantially U-shaped and forms the toe portion of the 15 clip, then a fifth portion (35), then a substantially bent sixth portion (36), and finally a substantially straight seventh portion (37), the first and seventh portions (31, 37) of the clip (3) forming leg portions, the longitudinal axes of which lie substantially in a first plane (P) when 20 the clip (3) is in its non-operative configuration, the third and fifth portions (33, 35) lying between the first and seventh portions (31, 37) , wherein, when the clip (3) is in its non-operative configuration, the second and sixth portions extend substantially away from and above the first 25 plane (P) and at least parts of the third and fifth portions (33, 35) extend towards and above the first plane (P) such that the longitudinal axes of the third and fifth portions (33, 35) lie substantially in a second plane (R), different from the said first plane (P), which second plane 30 (R) intersects the first plane (P) at a first acute angle a, and the fourth portion (34) extends substantially in or below the said first plane (P) such that the longitudinal axis of the fourth portion (34) lies substantially in a third plane (Q) which is different to the said second plane (R) and intersects the said first plane (P) at a second acute angle P, where o0

The present invention relates to a railway rail fastening clip and railway rail pad for recessed railseats. A recessed railseat is a transverse recess (channel) in the 5 top surface of a concrete railway sleeper for receiving the foot of a railway rail. Respective railway rail clip anchoring devices (shoulders) are provided on either side of the recess for retaining resilient railway rail fastening clips which bear on the rail foot. An example of 10 such a rail fastening clip is known from GB1510224, which is a clip of the type which is driven onto the rail foot in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail. Railway rail fastening clips are known, for example from 15 EP0619852A as shown in Figure 1A and EP1987201A as shown in Figure lB, which are designed to be driven onto a rail foot laterally with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rail. One advantage of such clips is that they can be driven more readily by automatic machinery. One type of 20 automatic clip driving machinery has paddles which are set at a certain height such that as they sweep they come into contact with the rear arches (heel) of the clip but do not touch the sleeper surface or any part of the anchoring device. 25 It is desirable to provide a railway rail fastening clip of a type which can be driven laterally by the afore-mentioned type of automatic clip driving machinery onto a railway rail seated in a recessed railseat. 30 According to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a resilient railway rail fastening clip for fastening a railway rail to an underlying foundation, the clip being such that it can be deflected from a non-operative configuration to at least one operative configuration in which a toe portion of the clip bears on a railway rail, the clip being made from a 5 rod of resilient material shaped so as to have, proceeding from one end of the rod to the other end of the rod, firstly a substantially straight first portion, then a substantially bent second portion, then a third portion, then a fourth portion which is substantially U-shaped and 10 forms the toe portion of the clip, then a fifth portion, then a substantially bent sixth portion, and finally a substantially straight seventh portion, the first and seventh portions of the clip forming leg portions, the longitudinal axes of which lie substantially in a first 15 plane when the clip is in its non-operative configuration and, when the clip is viewed in a direction perpendicular to the said first plane, the third and fifth portions appear to lie between the first and seventh portions, wherein, when the clip is in its non-operative 20 configuration, the second and sixth portions extend substantially away from and above the first plane and at least parts of the third and fifth portions extend towards and above the first plane such that the longitudinal axes of the third and fifth portions lie substantially in a 25 second plane, different from the said first plane, which second plane intersects the first plane at a first acute angle a, and the fourth portion extends substantially in or below the said first plane such that the longitudinal axis of the fourth portion lies substantially in a third plane 30 which is different to the said second plane and intersects the said first plane at a second acute angle P, where oO1pp. 25 An increase in angle oc is desirably accompanied by a proportionate decrease in the angle P . For example, when oc is around 45O, P may be around 0'. In the case that P is oO, the third plane Q lies in the first plane P, such that the first and third planes, P and Q, are the same, or, if 30 the third and fifth portions 33, 35 extend partially through the first plane P, the third plane Q is a plane lying parallel to but below the first plane P. Detents are provided in upper surfaces of the clip legs 31, 37, adjacent to the ends El, E2, for engaging with corresponding projections on an anchoring device, whereby the clip can be held in a pre-assembly position in which it 5 is retained by the anchoring device but does not bear on the rail. At the ends El, E2, a chamfer is provided for assisting the driving of the clip into an anchoring device. Figures 3A to 3C show a rail pad 4 with integral sideposts 10 for use in a recessed railseat, in which projections from the sideposts can overlap the surface of the sleeper adjacent to the recess to resist ingress of water and debris. The pad is suitable for use with a resilient rail fastening clip, such as that of Figure 2, which is 15 configured to be driven onto and off the rail foot in a lateral direction with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rail. Rail pad 4 has a major face 41 providing a rail seat portion 42 on which the foot of the railway rail sits when the rail pad 4 is in use. The rail seat portion has 20 opposite side edges 43 to at least part of each of which an upstanding portion 44 of the pad is connected. Each upstanding portion 44 is connected to the railseat portion 42 along the entire length of the upstanding portion 44 and extends upwardly therefrom. That is, all parts of the pad 25 4 connected to the railseat portion 42 extend substantially perpendicular thereto. Unlike the prior art pads, no part of the pad 4 is connected to the railseat portion 42 so as to extend laterally therefrom. Instead, each upstanding portion 44 is connected to at two projections 45A; 45B of 30 the pad 4 each of which extends laterally from the upstanding portion 44 such that it is vertically spaced from, and does not overhang (i.e. extends away from), the rail seat portion 42. The projections 45A, 45B extend from upper edges of the upstanding portions 44. The projections 45A, 45B are spaced apart along the length of the upstanding portion 44 and extend along only part of the length of the upstanding portion 44 at a location along the 5 length of the upstanding portion 44 which is spaced from ends 44a thereof. In this embodiment the projections 45A, 45B are centrally located with respect to the ends 44a of the upstanding portions 44. 10 The rail pad further comprises cover portions 46A, 46B, 46C connected to, and extending laterally from, each upstanding portion 44 at locations along its length such that the upstanding portion 44 is connected along its entire length to either a projection 45A, 45B or a cover portion 46A, 15 46B, 46C. The projections 45A and 45B and the cover portion 46B which adjoins them could be regarded as forming a single projection. Cover portions 46A, 46C are provided 'with a notch 46A1, 46C1 for receiving part of a railway rail anchoring device 5. 2 0 In an alternative embodiment (not shown), . instead of the notches 46A1, 46Ct, gaps are provided between the cover portions 46A, 46C and the projections 45A, 45B located immediately adjacent thereto for receiving part of a 25 railway rail anchoring device, in order to accommodate an anchoring device having parts which extend up to the edge of the recess. In the embodiment shown, upper surfaces 451A, 451B of the 30 projections 45A, 45B are higher with respect to the rail seat portion 42 than upper surfaces 461A, 461B, 461C of the cover portions 46A, 46B, 46C, such that there is more material, and hence strength, in the projections 45A, 45B. Figure 4 shows apparatus comprising a rail pad 4 as shown in Figures 3A to 3C and a railway rail foundation 1 having an upper surface 1A formed with a recess 10 providing a 5 seat for a railway rail 2 (see Figure 5). The rail pad 4 is located within the recess 10 such that the upstanding portions 44 of the pad 4 abut respective walls of the recess 10 and extend to the height of the walls of the recess 10. The projections 45A, 45B of the upstanding 10 .portions 44 extend over part of the upper surface 1A of the rail foundation 1. Lower surfaces of the cover portions 46A to 46C contact the upper surface 1A of the sleeper 1 so as to provide a seal against the ingress of water and/or debris. In this embodiment, respective railway rail clip 15 anchoring devices 5 are attached to the rail foundation 1 on opposite sides of the recess 4 such that front parts 50 of the anchoring devices 5 are spaced from edges of the recess 10 (although as mentioned above in an alternative embodiment the front parts 50 may extend up to the edge of 20 the recess 10). The front part 50 of each anchoring device 5 has an opening 51, and the projections 45A, 45B of the rail pad 4 project into the openings 51, such that contact between the projections 45A, 45B and internal surfaces of the opening resists longitudinal movement of the pad. WE CLAIMS:- 1. A resilient railway rail fastening clip (3) for fastening a railway rail to an underlying foundation, the 5 clip (3) being such that it can be deflected from a nonoperative configuration to at least one operative configuration in which a toe portion (34) of the clip (3) can bear on a railway rail, the clip (3) being made from a rod of resilient material shaped so as to have, proceeding 10 from one end El of the rod to the other end E2 of the rod, firstly a substantially straight first portion (31), then a substantially bent second portion (32), then a third portion (33), then a fourth portion (34) which is substantially U-shaped and forms the toe portion of the 15 clip, then a fifth portion (35), then a substantially bent sixth portion (36), and finally a substantially straight seventh portion (37), the first and seventh portions (31, 37) of the clip (3) forming leg portions, the longitudinal axes of which lie substantially in a first plane (P) when 20 the clip (3) is in its non-operative configuration, the third and fifth portions (33, 35) lying between the first and seventh portions (31, 37) , wherein, when the clip (3) is in its non-operative configuration, the second and sixth portions extend substantially away from and above the first 25 plane (P) and at least parts of the third and fifth portions (33, 35) extend towards and above the first plane (P) such that the longitudinal axes of the third and fifth portions (33, 35) lie substantially in a second plane (R), different from the said first plane (P), which second plane 30 (R) intersects the first plane (P) at a first acute angle a, and the fourth portion (34) extends substantially in or below the said first plane (P) such that the longitudinal axis of the fourth portion (34) lies substantially in a third plane (Q) which is different to the said second plane (R) and intersects the said first plane (P) at a second acute angle P, where o0