Description: Field of Invention
The present invention pertains to fabricate the Ramie-Flax hybrid fiber composite using hand lay-up technique.
Background of the Invention
The Ramie-flax Composite material is a material brought about by combining materials differing in composition or form on a macro scale for the purpose of obtaining specific characteristics and properties. The Hybrid composition is a applied in the at -45 degrees to each ply of the material and the laminated composite is about of 3mm thickness. The Ramie-Flax Hybrid fiber gives high strength and the elasticity nature by the combination of both materials. The material of fiber is applied in 2:1 ratio; here the flax is applied more than the ramie to give the elastic nature to the material. The laminated Technique used for the composition is hand Lay-up, this technique is most frequently used for the composition of the material and here the Ramie-Flax and Epoxy were used for laminating the composite material. The Epoxy and fiber were used in 70:10 percentiles.
In the treatment of ramie plant to produce fibers, the ramie plant is first decorticated (bark and wood removed) and it is then submitted to a bath wherein the fibers are, as in the case of linen retted (degummed). US420739A. The fibers of ramie are held together by certain gums, pectin’s and other extraneous matter, and the treatment given these fibers is principally for the purpose of freeing them from such gums, pectin’s and so forth. After raw ramie is placed in a cage, biological treatment is conducted on the raw ramie through degumming bacterial strains, so that degumming ramie is obtained; CN104131391A The degumming ramie is sequentially boiled at high pressure and thoroughly washed, the degumming ramie is boiled at high pressure and refined again, and therefore refined ramie is obtained.

The flax fibers leaving the circuit preparation operations of the flax type are in no way suitable for being spun in the majority blend or pure on spinning looms of the wool or cotton type. Considering the very high productivity of cotton-type spinning looms, compared to those of the linen type, this presents a major drawback for flax. EP0745709B1.The Textile Institute of France and ATPUL sought to set up a preparation circuit flax fiber making them suitable for being spun on spinning looms of the cotton type. We have therefore achieved what is commonly called cottonized linen. Minutes of the meeting of June 17, 1976 entitled "Preparation of flax for spinning" Short Fibers ". Cottonization of flax fibers go through different means mechanical, including cutting to length and mechanical action. The purpose of cutting to length is to give the flax fiber a length that is comparable to that of cotton. The purpose of mechanical action is to partially dissociate the elementary fibers composing the fibers techniques. It is in particular implemented with opener which are machines fitted with rotating drums fitted with spikes which attack technical flax fibers.

In fiber composites, the reinforcing fibers with aspect ratio (It is the ratio of length to a cross section dimension) are the composites baring the main load, where as the function of the matrix is confined mainly to load distribution and transfer to the fibers. The fiber volume varies from 10 – 70%. The distinguishing feature of this class of composite is the one of the dimensions of the reinforcing elements is large compared to the other two. Single layer composite can either formed by continuous high aspect ratio fibers or by short discontinuous fibers of low aspect ratio. The orientation of the discontinuous fibers may be random or preferred. The most common preferred orientation in the case of a continuous fiber composite is termed unidirectional and the corresponding random situation can be approximated by bidirectional oven reinforcement. The frequently encountered fiber reinforced composites or multi layered composites, It includes laminates and hybrids. Laminates are sheet constructions made stacking plies or laminas in specified sequence. ( Soo-JinParkMin-KangSeo [2011], 10.1016/B978-0-12-375049-5.00007, vol.4). Basing on the material properties material will be chosen because there will be no material that fits all solutions in the engineering world. Also, the above factors may not always be positive in all applications. As engineering has to weigh all the factors and make the best decision in selecting the most suitable materials for the project at hand.
Accordingly, there is an urgent need and demand for Composite equipment is generally using nowadays as they are stronger and harder than other conventional materials used in our daily lives. What we are using here is Ramie fiber that looks white silky, but has no stretch and elasticity. Ramie is one strongest fiber is also strong when wet. In natural fiber reinforcement materials, flax is relatively expensive commercially available material that is needed. The present invention to develop these composition observed in the prior art and discloses herein the composite, we are going to discover mechanical assets “Ramie - Flax” cross composite and develop a new composite material and devoid of the above mentioned drawbacks.( Juvvi Siva Naga Raju, sudhir Chakravarthy K, jabihulla Shariff Md, KurangiSreenivasa Rao, V Siva Prasad, [2020], Vol. 29, No. 2, (2020), pp. 4507 – 4518).
Summary of the Invention
In light of the above mentioned composition in the prior art, the present invention aims to develop a new hybrid composite material.
The specific objective of the invention is to composite a Ramie-Flax hybrid composition can suitable for strength and elasticity to the material.
A further specific objective of the invention is to add more flexibility and the water absorption capability to the material.
Brief Description of Drawings
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figure wherein:
Figure 1 Composite laminated plate - Bonding of Layer’s.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid composition material which is used as the covering skins for the marines and aircrafts as per the required dimensions and shape.
With reference to the figure 1 the ‘Ramie-flax hybrid composite material is provided in accordance to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Flax fiber with orientation of 90 degrees is placed at the bottom of the surface, the epoxy resin is applied on the fiber material and another fiber material is placed on the epoxy resin and this process will be continued for the required thickness of the material with the help of ramie-flax and epoxy resin material.
Based on the hand lay-up Technique the composite material is laminated by applying the Flax fiber at the bottom of the ply at 90 degrees of the angle and epoxy resign and hardener is mixed together with 20:80 ratio and applied at the surface of the fiber material, then the ramie fiber is placed above the flax fiber and the resign is applied again on that layer too. In the next step 2 layers of flax fibers with application of hardener one after the other are placed and for next layer again we will use ramie fiber. Repeat this process and apply the epoxy-hardener in between the each layer of fibers till it acquires the thickness of 3.5mm. Basically here the flax fiber is applied more than the ramie fiber to bring more elastic nature within the laminated composite.
The flax fiber is applied at the top and bottom of the ply, as the each layer of the flax fiber is 0.5 mm and ramie fiber is 0.5 mm and the epoxy resin is about 0.2mm of the thickness. Now the flax fiber is applied at the bottom of the ply at 90 degrees of the angle. Each layer of the fiber is applied through epoxy resin to bond the each layer of the composite material. Now again apply the flax fiber as the second layer in 90 degrees of angle and apply the epoxy resin on the second layer of the flax fiber, now apply the ramie fiber on the composite material with the angle of -45 degrees of the angle to the laminated material. Now apply the epoxy resin on the ramie fiber material, again apply the ramie fiber on the surface of the laminated material. Again repeat the same procedure to the flax fiber as 2 layers with epoxy resin upto the thickness of 3.5mm. Now the laminated material can be converted in to different shapes and required dimensions.
In accordance to an embodiment of the disclosure, the hybrid composite material which is penetrated in required shapes and dimensions. (1) The shape of the figure shown in (1) which is the flat plate shape is used for the covering skins of the machines and aircrafts. Mean while from this composite fabricated material we can acquire the mechanical properties such as strength and the elasticity of the material.
The Ramie-flax Composite material is a material brought out by combining materials having difference in composition or formed on a macro scale combination for the purpose of obtaining specific characteristics and properties. The Hybrid composition is applied at -45 degrees to each ply of the material and the laminated composite is about of 3mm thickness. The Ramie-Flax Hybrid fiber gives high strength and the elasticity nature by the combination of both materials. The material of fiber is applied in 2:1 ratio; here the flax is applied more than the ramie to give the elastic nature to the material. The laminated Technique used for the composition is hand Lay-up. This techniques is most frequently used in the preparation of the composition of the two different materials, here the Ramie-Flax and Epoxy were used for laminating the composite material. The Epoxy and fiber were used in 70:10 percentiles. The ramie-flax hybrid composite material has high density, poisons ratio and the ramie fiber has the high strength in nature where as the flax fiber is more elastic in nature. By the combination of the ramie-flax fiber material will have formation of hybrid composition. These ramie-flax fibers are eco-friendly in nature.
The design of the Rectangular composite model is made by using the ANSYS software with required parameters. Modeling is done using ANSYS software. The finite element method is done for the natural composite material to find the flexural properties of the material. The design of the composite fiber model is made using the CATIA V5 software with required parameters. Modeling is done using ANSYS software. Design and development of the mechanical properties of Ramie-Flax fiber as a reinforced composite material is done here.
By conducting the tensile and flexural test on the composite material, the deformation in the material are noted and the obtained results are 66.76 Mpa for tensile test and 182.01 Mpa for the flexural test, and also we have compare this analysis with the jute & epoxy combined material and noted that the obtained results as15.02 Mpa for the tensile test and 44.71 Mpa for flexural test for the load of 80N and 125N. Comparing both the Ramie flax and jute epoxy, the results are not near to each other and the Ramie flax has shown higher values compared to jute epoxy. Tensile and flexural strength is higher in Ramie-flex fiber composite. Adding one more resign which is hemp fiber reinforced with epoxy resin the tensile test has given 46.52 Mpa and flexural test has given 65.81 Mpa.
The orientation of the material is placed in 90 degrees for each of the layer of the material. As the design analysis results and contours of the different models at different loading conditions are compared for different materials at 500N of load the materials are compared and the results of the material through Jute and epoxy the tensile test has given 14.98 Mpa and flexural test has given 48.15Mpa which is very less compared to other two materials.
The ramie-flax hybrid composite material has the usage of the covering skin in marines and aircrafts. The ramie fiber is the strongest material as compared to other two fiber composite materials. Based on the application the fiber can be utilized in more quantity if the quality of the fiber is good. By the analysis or the tensile and flexural test conducted on the material can say that material has good quality when it is turned into a composite material combined with resin and comparing ramie flax fiber composite with jute and epoxy and hemp fiber results are best in ramie flax fiber. In terms of suitability for strength and elasticity by the above result and comparison with other jute epoxy and hemp materials ramie flax fiber is good for all outer skin type structures for machine, marine or aircraft industries.
3 Claims & 1 Figure
Equivalents
The Ramie-flax fiber hybrid composition of the present invention of usage in terms of covering skins for marines and aircrafts. The same composition of the material may be used for the different variety of covering skins in commercial, mechanical applications. The scope of the invention was not limited to its usage as the covering skinks for marines and aircrafts. , Claims: The scope of the invention is defined by the following claims:

Claim:
1. The Ramie-Flax hybrid fiber composite fabrication techniques comprises the following steps:
a) A rectangular plate shape is formed by using ramie-flax hybrid composite material that has the usage of the covering skin in marine and aircrafts industries.
b) The ramie fiber is the strongest material as compared to other fibers, and the flax fiber has the elastic nature that drives the flexibility and water resistant.
c) The epoxy and hardener are both mixed well together for the formation of matrix material which can resist the penetration of water and it will be long-lasting for years.
2. As mentioned in claim 1, the Ramie-Flax hybrid laminated composite has the unique strength absorption and has the higher capacity of water resistant. Each layer of the fiber material is bonded together with the help of epoxy resin and the compression molding (adding weights on the laminated composite).
3. As mentioned in claim 1, the composite laminated rectangular plate shape has the high yield strength. The ramie-flax fiber has the water resistant capability and high elasticity it can be shaped into desired positions.