Description

The present application concerns the field of wireless communications, more specifically to approaches for a reallocation and reservation of resources for high priority communications, for a Quality of Service, QoS, feedback, and for handling certain events in a wireless communication network. Embodiments relate to the implementation of such approaches for entities of a wireless communication network or system performing sidelink communications like V2X Mode 3 or Mode 4 UEs.

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an example of a terrestrial wireless network 100 including a core network 102 and a radio access network 104. The radio access network 104 may include a plurality of base stations g Bi to gNB5, each serving a specific area surrounding the base station schematically represented by respective cells 106i to 1065. The base stations are provided to serve users within a cell. The term base station, BS, refers to a gNB in 5G networks, an eNB in UMTS/LTE/LTE-A/ LTE-A Pro, or just a BS in other mobile communication standards. A user may be a stationary device or a mobile device. The wireless communication system may also be accessed by mobile or stationary loT devices which connect to a base station or to a user. The mobile devices or the loT devices may include physical devices, ground-based vehicles, such as robots or cars, aerial vehicles, such as manned or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the latter also referred to as drones, buildings and other items or devices having embedded therein electronics, software, sensors, actuators, or the like as well as network connectivity that enable these devices to collect and exchange data across an existing network infrastructure. Fig. 1 shows an exemplary view of only five cells; however, the wireless communication system may include more such cells. Fig. 1 shows two users UE-i and UE2, also referred to as user equipment, UE, that are in cell 1062 and that are served by base station gNB2. Another user UE3 is shown in cell 1064 which is served by base station gNB4. The arrows 108i, 1082 and 1083 schematically represent uplink/downlink connections for transmitting data from a user UE1 ? UE2 and UE3 to the base stations gNB2l gNB4 or for transmitting data from the base stations gNB2, gNB4 to the users UE·,, UE2, UE3. Further, Fig. 1 shows two loT devices 1104 and 1102 in cell 1064, which may be stationary or mobile devices. The loT device 110n accesses the wireless communication system via the base station gNB4 to receive and transmit data as schematically represented by arrow 112!. The loT device 1102 accesses the wireless communication system via the user UE3 as is schematically represented by arrow 1 122. The respective base station gNBi to gNB5 may be connected to the core network 102, e.g. via the S1 interface, via respective backhaul links 114-1 to 1145, which are schematically represented in Fig. 1 by the arrows pointing to“core”. The core network 102 may be connected to one or more external networks. Further, some or all of the respective base station gNBi to gNBs may connected, e.g. via the S1 or X2 interface or XN interface in NR, with each other via respective backhaul links 116! to 1 165, which are schematically represented in Fig. 1 by the arrows pointing to“gNBs”.

For data transmission a physical resource grid may be used. The physical resource grid may comprise a set of resource elements to which various physical channels and physical signals are mapped. For example, the physical channels may include the physical downlink and uplink shared channels (PDSCH, PUSCH) carrying user specific data, also referred to as downlink and uplink payload data, the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying for example a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB), the physical downlink and uplink control channels (PDCCH, PUCCH) carrying for example the downlink control information (DCI). For the uplink, the physical channels may further include the physical random access channel (PRACH or RACH) used by UEs for accessing the network once a UE synchronized and obtained the MIB and SIB. The physical signals may comprise reference signals or symbols (RS), synchronization signals and the like. The resource grid may comprise a frame or radio frame having a certain duration in the time domain and having a given bandwidth in the frequency domain. The frame may have a certain number of subframes of a predefined length. Each subframe may include two slots of 6 or 7 OFDM symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP) length. A frame may also consist of a smaller number of OFDM symbols, e.g. when utilizing shortened transmission time intervals (sTTI) or a mini-slot/non-slot-based frame structure comprising just a few OFDM symbols.

The wireless communication system may be any singie-tone or multicarrier system using frequency-division multiplexing, like the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) system, or any other IFFT-based signal with or without CP, e.g. DFT-s-OFDM. Other waveforms, like non-orthogonal waveforms for multiple access, e.g. filter-bank multicarrier (FBMC), generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) or universal filtered multi carrier (UFMC), may be used. The wireless communication system may operate, e.g., in accordance with the LTE-Advanced pro standard or the 5G or NR, New Radio, standard.

The wireless network or communication system depicted in Fig. 1 may by a heterogeneous network having distinct overlaid networks, e.g., a network of macro cells with each macro cell including a macro base station, like base station gNBi to gNB5, and a network of small cell base stations (not shown in Fig. 1 ), like femto or pico base stations.

In addition to the above described terrestrial wireless network also non-terrestrial wireless communication networks exist including spaceborne transceivers, like satellites, and/or airborne transceivers, like unmanned aircraft systems. The non-terrestrial wireless communication network or system may operate in a similar way as the terrestrial system described above with reference to Fig. 1 , for example in accordance with the LTE-Advanced Pro standard or the 5G or NR, New Radio, standard.

A wireless communication network as described above may be used by an application to provide a certain service to a UE in the RAN with a certain Quality of Service, QoS. The QoS may be monitored in the wireless communication network. For example, in LTE the QoS may be determined per Evolved Packet System, EPS, bearer as described in detail in reference [1 ], while in NR the QoS may be determined on a per flow basis as is described in detail in reference [2]. Reference [2] refers to the Allocation/Retention Priority (ARP), which determines if a pre-allocated resource should be reallocated based on a higher priority service in LTE and NR. The ARP has a range of 1-15 levels and may be described by the pre-emption capability, which defines whether a service data flow may get resources that were already assigned to another service data flow with a lower priority level, and by the pre-emption vulnerability information which defines whether a service data flow may lose the resources assigned to it in order to admit a service data flow with higher priority level. The pre-emption capability and the pre-emption may consist of a‘yes’ or 'no' flag depending on the priority of the service as is described in reference [3], The ARP may be considered when creating a new EPS bearer in a fully loaded wireless network i.e., a network currently having insufficient resources. An emergency VoIP call is a typical example, where an existing bearer is removed in the event that an emergency call must be made.

In the context of LTE, the network entities that handle the monitoring and the reporting to an application server in EPS are the Service Capability Exposure Function (SCEF), and

the Mobility Management Entity (MME). The 3GPP Architecture for Service Capability Exposure in EPS is described in detail in reference [4] with reference to Figure 4.2-2. The procedure of monitoring event configuration and deletion at the MME/SGSN is also described in detail in reference [4] with reference to Figure 4.2.

In the context of NR, the network entities which handle monitoring and reporting to application server in 5GS are the Access and Mobility Management (AMF) and the Network Exposure Function (NEF). The Event Exposure using NEF is described in detail in reference [5] with reference to Figure 4.15.3.2.3-1 , and a list of event-based monitoring capabilities and the corresponding network function (NF), which detects the event, is indicated in Table 4.15.3.1-1 of reference [5]

In mobile communication networks, for example in a network like that described above with reference to Fig. 1 , like an LTE or 5G/NR network, there may be UEs that communicate directly with each other over one or more sidelink (SL) channels, e.g,, using the PC5 interface. UEs that communicate directly with each other over the sidelink may include vehicles communicating directly with other vehicles (V2V communication), vehicles communicating with other entities of the wireless communication network (V2X communication), for example roadside entities, like traffic lights, traffic signs, or pedestrians. Other UEs may not be vehicular related UEs and may comprise any of the above-mentioned devices. Such devices may also communicate directly with each other (D2D communication) using the SL channels.

When considering two UEs directly communicating with each other over the sidelink, both UEs may be served by the same base station, i.e., both UEs may be within the coverage area of a base station, like one of the base stations depicted in Fig. 1. This is referred to as a “in coverage" scenario. In accordance with other examples, both UEs that communicate over the sidelink may not be served by a base station which is referred to as an“out-of-coverage” scenario. It is noted that“out-of-coverage” does not mean that the two UEs are not within one of the cells depicted in Fig. 1 , rather, it means that these UEs are not connected to a base station, for example, they are not in an RRC connected state. Yet another scenario is called a“partial coverage” scenario, in accordance with which one of the two UEs which communicate with each other over the sidelink, is served by a base station, while the other UE is not served by the base station.

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a situation in which two UEs directly communicating with each other are both in coverage of a base station. The base station gNB has a coverage area that is schematically represented by the circle 200 which, basically, corresponds to the cell schematically represented in Fig. 1. The UEs directly communicating with each other include a first vehicle 202 and a second vehicle 204 both in the coverage area 200 of the base station gNB. Both vehicles 202, 204 are connected to the base station gNB and, in addition, they are connected directly with each other over the PCS interface. The scheduling and/or interference management of the V2V traffic is assisted by the gNB via control signaling over the Uu interface, which is the radio interface between the base station and the UEs. The gNB assigns the resources to be used for the V2V communication over the sidelink. This configuration is also referred to as a mode 3 configuration.

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a situation in which the UEs are not in coverage of a base station, i.e., the respective UEs directly communicating with each other are not connected to a base station, although they may be physically within a cell of a wireless communication network. Three vehicles 206, 208 and 210 are shown directly communicating with each other over a sidelink, e.g., using the PCS interface. The scheduling and/or interference management of the V2V traffic is based on algorithms implemented between the vehicles. This configuration is also referred to as a mode 4 configuration. As mentioned above, the scenario in Fig. 3 which is an out-of-coverage scenario does not mean that the respective mode 4 UEs are outside of the coverage 200 of a base station, rather, it means that the respective mode 4 UEs are not served by a base station or are not connected to the base station of the coverage area. Thus, there may be situations in which, within the coverage area 200 shown in Fig. 2, in addition to the mode 3 UEs 202, 204 also mode 4 UEs 206, 208, 210 are present.

When a vertical application, e.g. a V2X application, is run over a cellular network, like a 3GPP EPS or 5GS, information regarding a network situation, e.g. congestion, may help the application to adjust itself to the network capability. The network situation may include the status of the network at the moment and/or the prediction of the status of the network. When considering V2X as an example application, the importance of network status feedback may be explained for various scenarios and use cases.

The benefit and necessity of a network feedback to the application has been recognised for the V2X application in 3GPP standardization:

“In a V2X scenario, for a given CoR (category of requirements), the LoA (Level of Automation) can be adjusted in the range between 1 and 5 and this adjustment in LoA may be a result of a particular network situation (e.g. congestion). The V2X application may monitor the network situation and adapt the LoA for a given CoR corresponding to a V2X scenario. This change in LoA should also be communicated to the V2X UE by the V2X application server.” [3GPP TR 23.795 clause 5,2] “[AR-6.3.2-a] The V2X application enabler server shall enable V2X application specific server to monitor network situation and monitoring the QoS for single V2X UE or aggregately for groups of V2X UEs (supporting a V2X service and being in proximity) having ongoing sessions.” [3GPP TR 23.795 clause 8.3.2]

“[AR-6.3.2-b] The 3GPP network system (EPS/5GS) shall be able to report the change in the QoS for V2X UEs, to the V2X application enabler server,” [3GPP TR 23.795 clause 6.3.2]

In a conventional 5G Core Network, 5GC, in case the bit rate of a GBFR (guaranteed flow bit rate) drops below the guaranteed rate, a notification is sent to the application. However:

this notification is limited to GFBR traffic and is not applicable for other flow types; this notification does not exist in case of any other QoS factor drop, e.g. delay or PDB;

there is no notification to inform the application about improvement in the rate or any other QoS factors, e.g. RAN bit rate.

Thus, the conventional notification cannot handle network monitoring required by the vertical application such as V2X. In addition to the notification mechanism, in core networks of conventional systems, like EPC and 5GC, there is a mechanism to expose some events or capabilities of the network to the application. However, such network exposure capability functionalities for the reliable and efficient performance of a vertical application such as V2X. Therefore, conventional approaches dealing with the handling of high priority transmissions and the handling of QoS are not sufficient in many situations, like in vehicular scenarios in which limited resources or certain events in the system need to be addressed.

It is noted that the information in the above section is only for enhancing the understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Starting from the prior art discussed above, it is an objective underlying the present invention to provide improved approaches for a reallocation and reservation of resources for high priority communications, for a QoS feedback and for handling certain events in a wireless communication network.

This object is achieved by the subject-matter as defined in the independent claims, and favorable further developments are defined in the pending claims.

Embodiments of the present invention are now described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an example of a wireless communication system;

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a situation in which UEs directly communicating with each other are in coverage of a base station;

Fig. 3 shows a scenario in which UEs directly communicating with each other are not are not in coverage of a base station, i.e. , are not connected to a base station;

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a wireless communication system for communicating information between a transmitter and one or more receivers in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a wireless communication system operable in accordance with the inventive teachings described herein;

Fig. 6 illustrates the pausing of a transmission for releasing resources to be used for services with higher priority in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 7 illustrates a SPS-config Information Element, IE modified in accordance with embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 8 illustrates schematically an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a signaling chart of an embodiment for monitoring a RAN situation;

Fig. 10 is a signaling chart for a vehicular UE QoS feedback adaptation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 1 1 illustrates an embodiment for a HandoverRequest IE extended according to embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 12 illustrates an embodiment for MobilityControllnfo IE extended according to embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 13 illustrates an embodiment modifying a conventional monitoring procedure to obtain a RAN status;

Fig. 14 is a signaling chart of an embodiment for RPSI processing in a 5GS using the

NWDAF;

Fig. 15 illustrates embodiments of the fourth aspect creating a critical failure message and sending a push notification message to the application, wherein Fig. 15(A) concerns an embodiment in which the network detects critical situation or failure, Fig. 15(b) concerns an embodiment in which an application server detects critical situation or failure, and Fig. 15(c) concerns an embodiment in which a UE detects a critical situation or failure.

Fig. 16 illustrates an example of a computer system on which units or modules as well as the steps of the methods described in accordance with the inventive approach may execute.

Embodiments of the present invention is now described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which the same or similar elements have the same reference signs assigned.

3GPP defines several use cases for NR V2X, like vehicle platooning, extended sensors, advanced driving and remote driving. To realize such use cases, the new technologies used in 5G NR may be incorporated along with the reuse of existing LTE V2X mechanisms. 5G NR networks accommodate multiple numerologies and subcarrier spacings, SCS, so that NR V2X networks may use multiple resource pools bearing different SCS. The selection of the relevant resource pool with a given SCS may depend on the application service requesting for resources to transmit. It is up to the application to decide the expected QoS level from the network depending on the offered service. For example, in LTE, there are 8 different levels of priority and reliability that may be assigned to different application services for V2X broadcast services. In an example where an application requests for a high priority, a resource pool numerology with a higher SCS may be selected primarily in order to meet the latency requirements. A base station BS may ensure that it meets the priority and reliability requirements in mode 3 operations. NR currently supports the following numerologies:

SCS supported in NR (see references [6] and [7])

The initial vehicle-to-everything, V2X, specification is included in Release 14 of the 3GPP standard. The scheduling and assignment of resources is modified according to the V2X requirements, when compared to the original device-to-device, D2D, communication standard. Cellular V2X operates in the above mentioned two configurations from a resource allocation perspective - mode 3 and mode 4. V2X UEs operating in mode 3 obtain the scheduling information for sidelink, SL, transmissions from the base station, like a BS, an eNB or a gNB, whereas mode 4 UEs autonomously carry out the resource selection. The vehicles may also transmit the messages in one of two ways - either in regular intervals over a duration of time, which is called Semi-Persistent Scheduled, SPS, transmissions, or only once at a single instance, called One Shot, OS, transmissions. For each of these transmissions, there are ProSe per packet priority (PPPP) and a ProSe per packet reliability (PPPR) indicators attached to each broadcasted packet, which dictate the level of priority and reliability needed for the said packet from a given application.

Enhanced V2X addresses the achievement of a certain Quality-of-Service, QoS, for a given application service. For example, when a resource pool is highly loaded with traffic, like V2X traffic, meaning there is a high occupancy in the pool, the BS may not be able to provide the expected QoS requirements for a given application, in the case of mode 3 SL transmission. In the case of mode 4 SL transmission, UEs may allocate resources autonomously, without any guarantee on the QoS requirements.

A problem with conventional implementations is that certain critical applications, especially applications that transmit messages of high priority and demand high reliability, may not be able to function as expected in such a scenario, thereby affecting the performance of the desired service. Also, there is possibility to convey back from the RAN to an application any information that a required QoS cannot be met.

This is addressed by the various aspects of the present invention which are described hereinbelow in more detail. Although the respective aspects will be described separately, it is noted that two or more or all of the aspects may be combined.

1st Aspect Side/ink Pause/Resume/Shift Priority

Embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention may be implemented in a wireless communication system as depicted in Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 including base stations and users, like mobile terminals or loT devices. Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a wireless communication system for communicating information between a transmitter 300 and one or more receivers 302-i to 302n. The transmitter 300 and the receivers 302 may communicate via a wireless communication links or channels 304a, 304b, 304c, like a radio link. The transmitter 300 may include one or more antennas

ANTj or an antenna array having a plurality of antenna elements, a signal processor 300a and a transceiver 300b, coupled with each other. The receivers 302 include one or more antennas ANTR or an antenna array having a plurality of antennas, a signal processor 302a!, 302an, and a transceiver 302bi, 302bn coupled with each other.

In accordance with an embodiment, as for example also depicted in Fig. 2, the transmitter 300 may be a base station and the receivers may be UEs. The base station 300 and the UEs 302 may communicate via respective first wireless communication links 304a and 304b, like a radio link using the Uu interface, while the UEs 302 may communicate with each other via a second wireless communication link 304c, like a radio link using the PC5 interface.

In accordance with an embodiment, as for example also depicted in Fig. 3, the transmitter 300 may be a first UE and the receivers may be further UEs. The first UE 300 and the further UEs 302 may communicate via respective wireless communication links 304a to 304c, like a radio link using the PCS interface.

The transmitter 300 and the one or more receivers 302 may operate in accordance with the inventive teachings described herein.

SIDELINK PAUSE/RESUME/SHIFT PRIORITY

The present invention provides an apparatus for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system providing a set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level,

wherein the apparatus is configured to receive a signal, in case there are not sufficient resources from the set of resources for an upcoming first transmission, and

wherein the signal causes the apparatus to stop an ongoing second transmission so as to release resources for transmitting or receiving the first transmission.

In accordance with embodiments:

stopping the ongoing second transmission comprises pausing the second transmission for a predefined time or pause interval, and

the signal comprises a message indicating a pause interval over which the second transmission is to be paused, the interval selected to accommodate for the transmission or the reception of the first transmission.

In accordance with embodiments, the message further indicates a configuration to be used when resuming the second transmission once the first transmission has been

completed, the message indicating a configuration to be used upon resuming the second transmission, the configuration being

the same configuration used for the initial second transmission, or

one of a plurality of other configurations known at the apparatus, or

5 a new configuration.

In accordance with embodiments:

the respective transmissions include at least one or more third transmissions having a

10 third priority level, the first priority level and the second priority level being higher than the third priority level, and

the wireless communication system provides a plurality of sets of resources, the plurality of sets of resources including a first set of resources including resources to be allocated

15 for the first and second transmissions, and a second set of resources including resources to be allocated for the third transmissions.

In accordance with embodiments, the resources include a plurality of subcarriers, a subcarrier spacing, SCS, of the resources of the first set of resources being higher than

20 the SCS of the resources of the second set of resources.

In accordance with embodiments:

a transmission has associated therewith a certain low latency and/or high reliability and/or

25 a given quota requirement to ensure that an application service meets a required Quality- of-Service, QoS, and

stopping the ongoing second transmission on the resources to be released comprises reallocating resources for the second transmission in the second set of resources, if the

30 certain low latency and high reliability and quota requirements of the second transmission can be met.

In accordance with embodiments, the second transmission is buffered in a buffer of the apparatus, wherein the apparatus is configured to flush the buffered second transmission

35 from the buffer

:

if a communication range to a target of the second transmission has exceeded a maximum communication range, or

if the first transmission has exceeded a timer.

In accordance with embodiments:

the first transmission comprises a message having associated therewith the first priority, and the second transmission comprises a message having associated therewith the second priority, and

the first message comprises one or more of an emergency message and a safety related message, like accident warning messages, road hazard warnings or incoming emergency vehicle messages.

In accordance with embodiments:

the wireless communication system includes a plurality of base stations, gNBs, and a plurality of user devices, UE, wherein the apparatus comprises a UE,

the UE is coupled to one or more other UEs via a sidelink, and

the UE is configured for a sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs, and

wherein the resources from the set of resources for the sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs are scheduled by the eNB.

In accordance with embodiments:

the wireless communication system includes a plurality of user devices, UEs, wherein the apparatus comprises a UE,

the UE is coupled to one or more other UEs via a sidelink, and

the UE is configured for a sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs, wherein the UE is configured to schedule the resources from the set of resources for the sidelink communication autonomously.

In accordance with embodiments, the signal includes a sidelink control information, SCI, message causing the one or more other UEs, which occupy resources stated in the SCI message to be used for the first transmission, to pause or shift the second transmission.

In accordance with embodiments, a priority of a message is statically mapped to a corresponding service.

In accordance with embodiments, the set of resources comprises a plurality of contiguous or non-contiguous resources across a frequency domain and adjacent or non-adjacent across a time domain.

In accordance with embodiments, the set of resources defines a resource pool.

The present invention provides a transmitter for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system providing a predefined set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level,

wherein, in case there are not sufficient resources from the set of resources for an upcoming first transmission, the transmitter is configured to

- signal to a receiver to stop an ongoing second transmission so as to release resources used by the second transmission, and

- reallocate the released resources for the first transmission.

In accordance with embodiments, the transmitter is configured to determine

that a percentage of used resources from the set of resources reached a predefined threshold or that a percentage of unused resources from the set of resources dropped below a predefined threshold, or

that there are not enough unused resources in the set of resources for allocation to the first transmission.

Thus, in accordance with embodiments of the first aspect, the transmitter may carry out resource allocation in a highly congested resource pool, due to its capability of interrupting a transmission of a lower priority, for which the resources have already been granted. For example, in the case where UEs are out of coverage and operating in mode 4 (see Fig. 3), a UE may send a sidelink control information (SCI) message for a transmission of higher priority, say an emergency or safety related message, and other UEs occupying the resources stated in the SCI of higher transmission may pause or shift their transmission of lower priority, thereby giving preference to the transmission of higher priority. In accordance with embodiments, the MAC layer may be responsible for the priority handling of packets arriving at the physical layer, and in case where a lower priority message has already been allocated a grant in a congested resource pool and already begun transmitting on the SL, the inventive solution allows to reallocate resources to a higher priority message. In accordance with embodiments, network entities, like a BS or a UE, may pause or shift a transmission of lower priority so that the resources may be reallocated for transmissions of higher priority. Further, the BS may reallocate resources for the second transmission in an alternative resource pool depending on the QoS criteria, e.g., into resource pool of a lower SCS for the transmission of lower priority, if the requirements of the said transmission can be met.
CLAIMS

1. An apparatus for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system providing a set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level,

wherein the apparatus is configured to receive a signal, in case there are not sufficient resources from the set of resources for an upcoming first transmission, and

wherein the signal causes the apparatus to stop an ongoing second transmission so as to release resources for transmitting or receiving the first transmission.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein

stopping the ongoing second transmission comprises pausing the second transmission for a predefined time or pause interval, and

the signal comprises a message indicating a pause interval over which the second transmission is to be paused, the interval selected to accommodate for the transmission or the reception of the first transmission.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the message further indicates a configuration to be used when resuming the second transmission once the first transmission has been completed, the message indicating a configuration to be used upon resuming the second transmission, the configuration being

the same configuration used for the initial second transmission, or

one of a plurality of other configurations known at the apparatus, or

a new configuration.

4. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein

the respective transmissions include at least one or more third transmissions having a third priority level, the first priority level and the second priority level being higher than the third priority level, and

the wireless communication system provides a plurality of sets of resources, the plurality of sets of resources including a first set of resources including resources to be allocated for the first and second transmissions, and a second set of resources including resources to be allocated for the third transmissions.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the resources include a plurality of subcarriers, a subcarrier spacing, SCS, of the resources of the first set of resources being higher than the SCS of the resources of the second set of resources.

6. The apparatus of claim 4 or 5, wherein

a transmission has associated therewith a certain low latency and/or high reliability and/or a given quota requirement to ensure that an application service meets a required Quality-of-Service, QoS, and

stopping the ongoing second transmission on the resources to be released comprises reallocating resources for the second transmission in the second set of resources, if the certain low latency and high reliability and quota requirements of the second transmission can be met.

7. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second transmission is buffered in a buffer of the apparatus, wherein the apparatus is configured to flush the buffered second transmission from the buffer

if a communication range to a target of the second transmission has exceeded a maximum communication range, or

if the first transmission has exceeded a timer.

8. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein

the first transmission comprises a message having associated therewith the first priority, and the second transmission comprises a message having associated therewith the second priority, and

the first message comprises one or more of an emergency message and a safety related message, like accident warning messages, road hazard warnings or incoming emergency vehicle messages.

9. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein

the wireless communication system includes a plurality of base stations, gNBs, and a plurality of user devices, UE, wherein the apparatus comprises a UE,

the UE is coupled to one or more other UEs via a sidelink, and

the UE is configured for a sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs, and

wherein the resources from the set of resources for the sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs are scheduled by the eNB.

10. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein

the wireless communication system includes a plurality of user devices, UEs, wherein the apparatus comprises a UE,

the UE is coupled to one or more other UEs via a sidelink, and

the UE is configured for a sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs, wherein the UE is configured to schedule the resources from the set of resources for the sidelink communication autonomously.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the signal includes a sidelink control information, SCI, message causing the one or more other UEs, which occupy resources stated in the SCI message to be used for the first transmission, to pause or shift the second transmission.

12. The apparatus of claim 10 or 11 , wherein a priority of a message is staticaliy mapped to a corresponding service.

13. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the set of resources comprises a plurality of contiguous or non-contiguous resources across a frequency domain and adjacent or non-adjacent across a time domain.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the set of resources defines a resource pool.

15. A transmitter for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system providing a predefined set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level,

wherein, in case there are not sufficient resources from the set of resources for an upcoming first transmission, the transmitter is configured to

- signal to a receiver to stop an ongoing second transmission so as to release resources used by the second transmission, and

- reallocate the released resources for the first transmission.

16. The transmitter of claim 15, wherein transmitter is configured to determine

that a percentage of used resources from the set of resources reached a predefined threshold or that a percentage of unused resources from the set of resources dropped below a predefined threshold, or

that there are not enough unused resources in the set of resources for allocation to the first transmission.

17. A transmitter for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system providing a set of set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level,

wherein, in case an occupancy of the set of resources reaches a predefined threshold, the transmitter is configured to

- reserve a certain amount of non-occupied resources from the set of resources for the first transmissions, and

- allocate reserved resources for a first transmission.

18. The transmitter of claim 17, wherein the transmitter is configured to reserve the certain amount of non-occupied resources when a certain occupancy or traffic load threshold has been reached.

19. The transmitter of claim 18, wherein, once the occupancy or traffic load threshold has been reached, the transmitter is configured to

- start allocating reserved resources only for a first transmission, and

stop allocating resources for a second transmission.

20. The transmitter of any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein

the respective transmissions include at least a third transmission having a third priority level, the first priority level and the second priority level being higher than the third priority level, and

the wireless communication system provides a plurality of sets of resources, the plurality of sets of resources including a first set of resources including resources to be allocated for the first and second transmissions, and a second set of resources including resources to be allocated for the third transmissions.

21. The transmitter of claim 19 or 20, wherein

a transmission has associated therewith a certain low latency and/or high reliability requirement and/or quota requirement to ensure that an application service meets a required Quality-of-Service, QoS, and

responsive to stopping allocating resources for the second transmission, the transmitter is configured to allocating resources for the second transmission in the second set of resources, if the certain low latency and/or high reliability and/or quota requirements of the second transmission can be met.

22. The transmitter of claim 20 to 21 , wherein the resources include a plurality of subcarriers, a subcarrier spacing, SCS, of the resources of the first set of resources being higher than the SCS of the resources of the second set of resources.

23. The transmitter of any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein the transmitter is configured to select the amount of resources to be reserved for the first transmissions based on a real-time load or based on an anticipated load of the set of resources.

24. The transmitter of any one of claims 17 to 23, wherein

the wireless communication system includes a plurality of base stations, gNBs, and a plurality of user devices, UE, wherein the transmitter comprises a gNB,

the UE is coupled to one or more other UEs via a sidelink, and

the UE is configured for a sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs, and

wherein the resources from the set of resources for the sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs are scheduled by the gNB.

25. The transmitter of any one of claims 17 to 23, wherein

the wireless communication system includes a plurality of user devices, UEs, wherein the transmitter comprises one of the UEs,

the UE is coupled to one or more other UEs via a sidelink, and

the UE is configured for a sidelink communication with the one or more other UEs, wherein the UE is configured to schedule the resources from the set of resources for the sidelink communication autonomously.

26. The transmitter of any one of the claims 17 to 25, wherein the set of resources comprises a plurality of contiguous or non-contiguous resources across a frequency domain and adjacent or non-adjacent across a time domain.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the set of resources defines a resource pool.

28. A wireless communication system, comprising

a radio access network, RAN, the RAN including a plurality of transmitters and receivers, and

a core network, CN, coupled to the RAN, wherein an application server is connectable to the core network, CN, the application server configured to run an application, the application configured to provide a certain service to a receiver in the RAN,

wherein the wireless communication system is configured to obtain a status of at least a part of the RAN, and to inform the application and/or the receiver running the service provided by the application about the RAN status and/or any changes of the RAN status, wherein a performance of the service depends on the RAN status, so that the application can accordingly correct its requirements.

29. The wireless communication system of claim 28, wherein

- the performance comprises a Quality-of-Service, QoS, and the application requests the network and/or wireless communication system to provide the service to the receiver with a certain QoS, and

- the wireless communication system is configured to determine, using the RAN status, whether the certain QoS can be fulfilled or cannot be fulfilled by the RAN, and to signal to the application and/or to the receiver that the certain QoS can be fulfilled or cannot be fulfilled.

30. The wireless communication system of claim 28 or 29, wherein the wireless communication system is configured to obtain the status of the RAN

- responsive to a request from the application, or

responsive to a certain event in the RAN, or

- at certain intervals, the intervals set, e.g., by the application.

31. The wireless communication system of claim 30, wherein the certain event in the RAN comprises one or more of

- a failure or malfunction of one or more RAN entities,

- a degradation or improvement of the radio coverage in the RAN,

- a handover of a UE from one cell in the RAN to another cell in the RAN,

- one or more UEs connecting to or disconnecting from the RAN, e.g. radio link failure.

32. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 31 , wherein the core network is configured to

- request a status report from the RAN, and/or subscribe to events from the RAN, and

- push the status report or event/s to the application,

- signal and/or report the status report or event/s to the application and/or to the application function (AF) and/or to network function (NF).

33. The wireless communication system of claim 32, wherein the RAN is configured to collect from one or more RAN entities data related to the status of the RAN, process the data for creating the status report and/or detect status event, and signal the status report and/or event/s to the core network.

34. The wireless communication system of claim 32, wherein the RAN comprises one or more base stations, gNBs, for serving respective UEs, the gNB configured to collect and process the data related to the status of the cell served by the gNB, and to signal and/or report the status report and/or event/s to the core network.

35. The wireless communication system of claim 34, wherein the gNB is configured to collect and process data related to the status of one or more cells served by other gNBs.

36. The wireless communication system of claim 32, wherein

the core network comprises a Network Data Analytics Entity or Function, NWDAF,

the RAN is configured to

- collect from one or more RAN entities data related to the status of the RAN, and

- signal the data to the core network, and

the NWDAF configured to

- process the data from the RAN for creating the status report, and/or detecting event/s, and/or predicting future status, and/or predicting probable or possible future event/s, and

- signal and/or report the status report and/or prediction to the application and/or the receiver.

37. The wireless communication system of claim 32, wherein the RAN comprises one or more base stations, gNBs, for serving respective UEs, the gNB configured to collect the data related to the status of the cell served by the gNB, and to signal the data to the NWDAF, through network functions (NFs) such as access and mobility function (AMF)

5 and/or session management function (SMF).

38. The wireless communication system of claim 30, wherein the gNB is configured to collect and process data related to the status of one or more cells served by other gNBs.

10 39. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 38, wherein the

RAN is configured to

- collect from one or more RAN entities data related to the status of the RAN,

process the data for creating a status report and/or detecting event/s, and

- signal and/or report the status report and/or event/s to the application and/or to the

15 receiver running the service provided by the application.

40. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 31 , wherein the RAN comprises one or more base stations, gNBs, for serving respective UEs, the gNB configured to collect and process the data related to the status of the cell served by the 20 gNB, and to signal and/or report the status report and/or event/s to the application and/or to the receiver running the service provided by the application.

41. The wireless communication system of claim 40, wherein the gNB is configured to collect and process data related to the status of one or more cells served by other gNBs.

25

42. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 41 , wherein the status report includes one or more of the following:

- signal traffic load in the RAN,

resources in the RAN,

30 - congestion in the RAN,

interference of all UEs of one or more cells in the RAN,

- QoS requirements achievable in the RAN.

43. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 42, wherein the 35 wireless communication system is configured to report that the certain QoS can be fulfilled

;

or cannot be fulfilled responsive to the application request from the core network for a report on QoS or another RAN measure causing a change in achievable QoS.

44. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 41 , wherein the event includes a change in the RAN and/or network, e.g. congestion in the RAN, overload in the RAN, a degradation or improvement is supportable QoS.

45. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 41 and 44, wherein the wireless communication system is configured to signal that the certain QoS can be fulfilled or cannot be fulfilled responsive to the application subscribing to a notification from the core network for a QoS change or another RAN events causing a change in achievable QoS.

46. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 45, wherein

the RAN is configured to provide a set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level, and

in the case the wireless communication system determines that the set of resources is completely occupied by first transmissions, the wireless communication system is configured to inform the application and/or the receiver that the certain QoS cannot be met.

47. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 28 to 46, comprising

the application server connected to the core network,

wherein, responsive to the signaling from the wireless communication system, the application and/or the receiver is configured to adapt to the changes in achievable QoS .

48. A wireless communication system, comprising

an application server, the application server configured to run an application, the application configured to provide a certain service to a receiver in the RAN,

a core network to which the application server is connected, and

a radio access network, RAN, coupled to the core network, the RAN including a plurality of transmitters and receivers,

wherein the core network is configured to send a push notification to the application, e.g. application server or application client, the push notification indicating that a certain event occurred.

49. The wireless communication system of claim 48, wherein the core network is configured to

monitor a situation or a status of the wireless communication system, and

- determine whether the certain event occurred in the wireless communication system.

50. The wireless communication system of claim 48 or 49, wherein the application server is configured to receive a push notification without an explicit subscription to corresponding events

51. The wireless communication system of any one of claims 48 to 50, wherein wherein the push notification informs the application server of a critical event or a warning, such as

- a critical or severe situation or failure in the RAN or any other part of the system, e.g., in case of a natural disaster so that a part of the system is completely down; or

- a severe situation sensed by another application server, e.g., in case of V2X when an application server detects a dangerous situation on the road, like a severe accident, fire, etc., and requests the network to send push notification to all other application servers, e.g. V2X application server, that are active in the involved area; or

- a severe situation sensed by a UE, e.g. V2X UE, like a severe accident, fire, etc.

52. A wireless communication network, comprising:

at least one apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 14, and

at least one transmitter of any one of claims 14 to 27.

53. The wireless communication network of any of claims 28 to 52, wherein the set of resources comprises a plurality of contiguous or non-contiguous resources across a frequency domain and adjacent or non-adjacent across a time domain.

54. The wireless communication network of claim 53, wherein the set of resources defines a resource pool.

55. The wireless communication network of any of claims 28 to 54, wherein the receiver and the transmitter comprise one or more of

a mobile terminal, or

stationary terminal, or

cellular IoT-UE, or

an loT device, or

a ground based vehicle, or

an aerial vehicle, or

a drone, or

a moving base station, or

road side unit, or

a building, or

any other item or device provided with network connectivity enabling the item/device to communicate using the wireless communication network, e.g., a sensor or actuator, and

a macro cell base station, or

a small cell base station, or

a road side unit, or

a UE, or

a remote radio head, or

an AMF, or

an SMF, or

a core network entity, or

a network slice as in the NR or 5G core context, or

any transmission/reception point (TRP) enabling an item or a device to communicate using the wireless communication network, the item or device being provided with network connectivity to communicate using the wireless communication network.

56. A method for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system providing a set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level,

method comprising receiving a signal, in case there are not sufficient resources from the set of resources for an upcoming first transmission, and

the signal causing stopping an ongoing second transmission so as to release resources for transmitting or receiving the first transmission.

57. A method for transmitting for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system providing a predefined set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level,

wherein, in case there are not sufficient resources from the set of resources for an upcoming first transmission, the method comprises:

- signaling to a receiver to stop an ongoing second transmission so as to release resources used by the second transmission, and

- reallocating the released resources for the first transmission.

58. A method for transmitting for a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system providing a set of set of resources including a plurality of resources to be allocated for respective transmissions, the transmissions including one or more first transmissions having a first priority level and one or more second transmissions having a second priority level, the first priority level being higher than the second priority level,

wherein, in case an occupancy of the set of resources reaches a predefined threshold, the method comprises:

- reserving a certain amount of non-occupied resources from the set of resources for the first transmissions, and

- allocating reserved resources for a first transmission.

59. A method for operating a wireless communication system, comprising

a radio access network, RAN, the RAN including a plurality of transmitters and receivers, and

a core network, CN, coupled to the RAN, wherein an application server is connectable to the core network, CN, the application server configured to run an application, the application configured to provide a certain service to a receiver in the RAN,

the method comprising obtaining a status of at least a part of the RAN, and informing the application and/or the receiver running the service provided by the application about the RAN status and/or any changes of the RAN status, wherein a performance of the service depends on the RAN status, so that the application can accordingly correct its requirements.

60. A method for operating a wireless communication system according to claim 48.

61. A method for operating a wireless communication network according to claim 52.

62. A non-transitory computer program product comprising a computer readable medium storing instructions which, when executed on a computer, perform the method of any one of claims 56 to 61.