FORM2
THE PATENTSACT 1970
39 OF 1970
&
THE PATENT RULES 2003
COMPLETESPECIFICATION
(SEE SECTIONS 10 & RULE 13)
TITLEOFTHEINVENTION
“ REDUCTION OF DRYING TIME OF PAINT THROUGH EMULSION POLYMER AND A PROCESS OF MAKING THEREOF”
APPLICANTS(S)
NAME NATIONALITY ADDRESS
ASIAN PAINTS An Indian 6A, Shantinagar, Santacruz (East)
Mumbai- 400 055, Maharashtra
LIMITED Company
India
PREAMBLETOTHEDESCRIPTION
COMPLETESPECIFICATION
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed

FIELD OF INVENTION
The present disclosure, in general, relates to a fast-drying emulsion and particularly to an emulsion polymer having specialty monomer having bulkier pendant group (viz; Cyclo hexyl methacrylate, tertiary butyl methacrylate and 2-ethyl hexyl methacrylate) which reduces drying time of paint at optimized process conditions there by reducing the amount of methanol required in coating formulation.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ARTS
Fast drying emulsion is one of the most critical raw material used to achieve performance in road marking paint. Improved drying characteristics of paint can be acquired by the development and use of emulsion polymers. Methacrylic acid (MAA) is a monomer commonly employed in emulsion polymerization to provide electrostatic colloidal stability and improve paint applications. In this polymerization technique a monomer or a mixture of them are emulsified in water by means of a surfactant. In addition, this monomer can promote the adhesion of the film to the substrate, which is of primary importance in polymer coating.
In order to obtain high performance coatings, not only the nature of the polymer must be considered. The experimental conditions such as temperature, humidity, drying rate and nature of the substrate also play an important role in the film formation process.
Common approaches in the art used for decreasing drying time of paint through emulsion polymer include increasing glass transition temperature of polymer, use of cross-linkers and use of different specialty monomers like VeoVa10, Tertiary butyl acrylate, Isobornyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, tertiary butyl methacrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl methacrylate and so on.

However, higher glass transition temperature of polymer reduced the drying time of paint to an extent but lead to heavy cracking of paint film. Therefore, both these modalities have been considered by several techniques in the art while developing emulsion for a fast-drying paint.
The Patent application US6333068 relates to preparation of road marking paint and especially talks about spraying of drying time accelerator, after paint application and glass bead application. This process reduced the drying time of the coating system and mentions the drying time accelerator as cationic charged aluminium poly chloride, iron poly oxy chloride or polyacrylamide which should be water soluble. However, the above stated invention uses multitude of components after paint application and is not integrated in the paint formulation itself to induce fast drying, making it inefficient and cost ineffective.
Another example in the art, included in WO/2008/021248 relates to improving the drying time of asphalt emulsion. The application also discloses the use of emulsion breaker before or after application or both of asphalt emulsion onto the surface along with addition of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, aluminium chloride, ferric chloride. However, the above stated invention similarly uses multitude of components after paint application and is not integrated in the paint formulation itself to induce fast drying, making it inefficient and cost ineffective. The application also does not indicate any information of polymer synthesis using hydrophobic monomers having bulkier pendant group, and the mechanics of its positioning within the polymer particle to get reduction in drying time.
Yet another example in the art, included in US20040229962 relates to a paint composition suitable for thermal drying. However, thermal drying requirements are very different from drying of paint or coatings in road markings, making it irrelevant for the present field of application.
An example in the art, included in CA2894692 relates to improving drying time of bitumen emulsion by use of absorbents which are coated by interfacially active

materials. Absorbents disclosed are that of carboxy methyl cellulose and interfacial active materials to be methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose. However, the above stated invention does not equate well to road marking paints.
Another example in the art, included in CA2201842 relates to emulsion polymer composition for improving drying characteristics of polymer emulsions. This patent discloses mixing of two emulsion polymers, having different glass transition temperature, prepared separately, in different ratios, for usage in floor coatings. However, the stated invention is cumbersome with the use of plurality of emulsion polymers and is not cost effective.
Another example in the art included in EP2392411 concentrates on improving drying time of asphalt emulsions by use of a reinforcing sheet, which is impregnated with emulsion breaker such as calcium chloride. This asphalted sheet is applied onto the surface before applying emulsion for water proofing. However, the invention stated above does not simplify the process of drying time of road marking paints leading to increased costs.
Yet another example in the art included in US5947632A relates to addition of ion-exchange resin to the paint for improving drying time. The claimed invention requires sensitive base material in the form of ion exchange resin which would increase cost of production as well as being cumbersome to apply.
Therefore, there is a long felt need in the art for an efficient, cost effective and integrated process and product for reducing drying time of paint applications for road markings. The present invention fulfils that need.
OBJECTS OF THE INVETION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose an emulsion polymer for reducing drying time of paint.

Another object of the present invention is to propose an emulsion polymer with high dirt pick up resistance of paint.
A further object of the present invention is to propose a method of producing an emulsion polymer for fast drying of paint applications.
A still further object of the present invention is to propose an emulsion polymer with reduction in methanol quantity, thereby reducing volatile organic compound of the paint formulation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for producing an emulsion polymer for fast drying paint applications, and a composition of said emulsion polymer. The said process comprises the steps of- adding, in sequence, to a glass reactor of demineralized water and anionic surfactant; adding, in sequence to a separate vessel, the ingredients of pre-emulsion like demineralized water, anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, Methyl methacrylate, 2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, Methacrylic acid, Diacetone acrylamide, Potassium per sulphate, Cyclohexyl methacrylate, Vinyl trimethoxy silane and Cyclohexyl methacrylate; heating of the reactor to 70°-80° C and addition of 3-5 % of pre-emulsion into the reactor followed by addition of sodium bicarbonate, potassium per sulphate solution and incubated for 5-15 min; adding the remaining 95-97 % pre-emulsion over a period of 3-6 hours wherein- cyclohexyl methacrylate- 4-6 % is added to the pre-emulsion at intervals of 1 hours, 2 hours and 3 hours of addition of the pre-emulsion to the reactor and mixed in; adding 0.2-0.8 parts by weight vinyl tri methoxy silane (VTMO) into the pre-emulsion after completion of 1-4 hours of pre-emulsion addition to the reactor, mixed in and continued the addition of remaining pre-emulsion while maintaining temperature at 70-80 °C throughout 2-4 hours; reducing temperature of reactor to 75°C after completion of addition of pre-emulsion and consequent addition of 0.01 – 0.1 parts by weight tertiary butyl hydroperoxide solution with 0.05-0.2 parts by weight non-ionic surfactant, and 0.01 – 0.1 parts by weight sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate

solution prepared separately over a period of 2 to 20 minutes as a separate feed, simultaneously; digesting the mixture in the reactor for 30 minutes to 2 hours at 70-80°C; cooling of reactor to 20-30°C and addition of ingredients designated as additives such as Biocide, defoamer, liquor Ammonia, Adipic acid dihydrazide, and demineralized water, mixing for 1-10 minutes and filtering with nylon cloth of 80 - 120 mesh size. Cyclo hexyl methacrylate used in the formation of said emulsion polymer is up to 6% in the emulsion. Further, during synthesis of said emulsion polymer, addition of cyclo hexyl methacrylate is to the pre-emulsion, up to completion of 180 minutes addition of pre-emulsion into the reactor where polymerization takes place while remaining 60 minutes of pre-emulsion to be added is without cyclo hexyl methacrylate.
In sum, the process part discloses a process for producing an emulsion polymer for fast drying paint applications, said process comprising the steps of adding, in sequence, to a glass reactor of demineralized water and anionic surfactant; adding, in sequence to a separate vessel, the ingredients of pre-emulsion like demineralized water, anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, Methyl methacrylate, 2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, Methacrylic acid, Diacetone acrylamide, Potassium per sulphate, Cyclohexyl methacrylate, Vinyl trimethoxy silane and Cyclohexyl methacrylate, preferably Cyclohexyl methacrylate upto 6% of the emulsion; heating of the reactor from step (a) to 70°-80° C and addition of 3-5 % of pre-emulsion of step (b) into the reactor followed by addition of sodium bicarbonate, potassium per sulphate solution and incubated for 5-15 min; adding the remaining 95-97 % pre-emulsion over a period of 3-6 hours wherein- cyclohexyl methacrylate- 4-6 % is added to the pre-emulsion at intervals of 1 hours, 2 hours and 3 hours of addition of the pre-emulsion to the reactor and mixed in; then adding 0.2-0.8 parts by weight vinyl tri methoxy silane (VTMO) into the pre-emulsion after completion of 1-4 hours of pre-emulsion addition to the reactor, mixed in and continued the addition of remaining pre-emulsion while maintaining temperature at 70-80 °C throughout 2-4 hours; reducing temperature of reactor to 75°C after completion of addition of pre-

emulsion and consequent addition of 0.01 – 0.1 parts by weight tertiary butyl hydroperoxide solution with 0.05-0.2 parts by weight non-ionic surfactant, and 0.01 – 0.1 parts by weight sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate solution prepared separately over a period of 2 to 20 minutes as a separate feed, simultaneously; and g) digesting the mixture in the reactor for 30 minutes to 2 hours at 70-80°C; and cooling of reactor to 20-30°C and addition of ingredients designated as additives such as Biocide, defoamer, liquor Ammonia, Adipic acid dihydrazide, and demineralized water, mixing for 1-10 minutes and filtering with nylon cloth of 80 - 120 mesh size. During synthesis of emulsion polymer, addition of cyclo hexyl methacrylate is to be into pre-emulsion, especially up to completion of 180 minutes addition of pre-emulsion into the reactor where polymerization takes place while remaining 60 minutes of pre-emulsion is to be added without cyclo hexyl methacrylate.
In addition, the “product” part as produced from the process disclosed, comprises
the emulsion polymer comprising essentially of Demineralized water: 30-60%,
Anionic surfactant like Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate (45%sol): 0.01 – 0.1%,
Sodium bicarbonate: 0.1 – 0.5 parts by weight, Potassium per sulphate: 0.1 – 0.3
parts by weight, Methyl methacrylate- 15 – 30 parts by weight, 2-Ethyl hexyl
acrylate- 15 – 30 parts by weight, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate- 0.5 –2 parts by
weight, Methacrylic acid- 0.1 – 1 parts by weight, Diacetone acrylamide- 0.1-0.3
parts by weight, Potassium per sulphate- 0.03 parts by weight, Cyclohexyl
methacrylate- 5-10 parts by weight, Vinyl trimethoxy silane- 0.2-0.40 parts by
weight, Tertiary hydro peroxide- 0.01-0.1 parts by weight, Sodium formaldehyde
sulfoxylate-0.01-1 parts by weight, Additives: Biocide 0.1 – 0.5 parts by weight,
Defoamer- 0.01-0.05 parts by weight, Liquid Ammonia- 0.5-1 parts by weight,
and Adipic acid dihydrazide- 0.05-0.2 parts by weight. In sequence of addition
and parts by weight, this may be summarized to Demineralized water: 18.00,
Anionic surfactant like Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate (45%sol): preferably 0.15, Sodium bicarbonate: preferably 0.20, Demineralized water: preferably 3.00, Potassium per sulphate: preferably 0.15, Demineralized water: 3.00, Pre-

Emulsion: Demineralized water-19.12, Anionic surfactant like
Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate (45%sol)- preferably 0.30, Non-ionic surfactant like mixture of ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols (70% sol)- preferably 0.50, Methyl methacrylate-preferably 21.30, 2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate- preferably 19.70, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate- preferably 1.00, Methacrylic acid- preferably 0.50, Diacetone acrylamide- preferably 0.22, Potassium per sulphate- preferably 0.03, Cyclohexyl methacrylate- 2.00, Cyclohexyl methacrylate-2.00, Vinyl trimethoxy silane- preferably 0.40, Cyclohexyl methacrylate 2.00, Demineralized water for flushing- 1.00, Tertiary hydro peroxide- preferably 0.05, Non-ionic surfactant like mixture of ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols (70% sol)- preferably 0.10, Demineralized water- 0.50, Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate- preferably 0.05, Demineralized water- 0.50, Additives: Biocide preferably 150- 0.20, Defoamer-preferably 0.02, Liquid Ammonia- preferably 0.70, Adipic acid dihydrazide-preferably 0.11 and Demineralized water- 3.20.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawing(s) illustrate only typical embodiments of the present subject matter and are therefore not to be considered for limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally effective embodiments. The detailed description is described with reference to accompanying figures. Some embodiments of system or methods in accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter are now described, by way of example, and with reference to accompanying figures, in which:
Fig. 1: Illustrates a graphical representation of minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per the case study 1. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications- 1= CHMA at entire PE, 2= CHMA after seed, 3= CHMA after 1st hour, 4= CHMA after 2nd hour, 5= CHMA after 3rd hour, and 6=No CHMA, where CHMA denotes Cyclo hexyl methacrylate. The intervals on the y-axis represent the scale of MFFT in °C.

Fig. 2: Illustrates a graphical representation of contact angle of the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per the case study 1. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications- 1= CHMA at entire PE, 2= CHMA after seed, 3= CHMA after 1st hour, 4= CHMA after 2nd hour, 5= CHMA after 3rd hour, and 6=No CHMA where CHMA denotes Cyclo hexyl methacrylate. The intervals on the y-axis represent the scale of contact angle in degree (°).
Fig. 3: Illustrates a graphical representation of water absorption of the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per the case study 1. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications- 1= CHMA after seed, 2= CHMA after 1st hour, 3= CHMA after 2nd hour, 4= CHMA after 3rd hour, 5= No CHMA where CHMA denotes Cyclo hexyl methacrylate. The intervals on the y-axis represent the scale of water absorption in %.
Fig. 4: Illustrates a graphical representation of drying time of paint using the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per the case study 1. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications- 1= CHMA after seed, 2= CHMA after 1st hour, 3= CHMA after 2nd hour, 4= CHMA after 3rd hour, 5= No CHMA where CHMA denotes Cyclo hexyl methacrylate. The intervals on the y-axis represent the scale of drying time of paint in second.
Fig. 5: Illustrates a graphical representation of minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per the case study 2. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications- 1= CHMA at seed, 2= CHMA up to 1st hour, 3= CHMA up to 2nd hour, 4= CHMA up to 3rd hour, where CHMA denotes Cyclo hexyl methacrylate. The intervals on the y-axis represent the scale of MFFT in °C.

Fig. 6: Illustrates a graphical representation of contact angle of the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per the case study 2. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications- 1= No CHMA, 2= CHMA at seed, 3= CHMA up to 1st hour, 4= CHMA up to 2nd hour, 5= CHMA up to 3rd hour where CHMA denotes Cyclo hexyl methacrylate. The intervals on the y-axis represent the scale of contact angle in degree (°).
Fig. 7: Illustrates a graphical representation of water absorption of the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per the case study 2. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications- 1= No CHMA, 2= CHMA at seed, 3= CHMA up to 1st hour, 4= CHMA up to 2nd hour, 5= CHMA up to 3rd hour, where CHMA denotes Cyclo hexyl methacrylate. The intervals on the y-axis represent the scale of water absorption in %.
Fig. 8: Illustrates a graphical representation of drying time of paint using the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per the case study 2. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications- 1= No CHMA, 2= CHMA up to 1st hour, 3= CHMA up to 2nd hour, 4= CHMA up to 3rd hour where CHMA denotes Cyclo hexyl methacrylate. The intervals on the y-axis represent the scale of drying time of paint in second.
Fig. 9: Illustrates a graphical representation of the comparison of drying time (s) of paint versus the water absorption (%) of the emulsion polymer with respect to its different modification of parameters as per case studies 1 and 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

At the very outset of the detailed description, it may be understood that the ensuing description only illustrates a form of this invention. However, such a form is only exemplary embodiment, and without intending to imply any limitation on the scope of this invention. Accordingly, the description is to be understood as an exemplary embodiment and teaching of invention and not intended to be taken restrictively.
Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the phrases “comprise” and “contain” and variations of them mean “including but not limited to”, and are not intended to exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers or steps. Thus, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. Wherever there is an indefinite article used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.
Features, integers, characteristics, compounds, chemical moieties or groups described in conjunction with an aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith. All the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings or any parts thereof, or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.
The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or before this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents

of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference. Post filing patents, original peer reviewed research paper may be published.
The following descriptions of embodiments and examples are offered by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.
Unless contraindicated or noted otherwise, throughout this specification, the terms “a” and “an” mean one or more, and the term “or” means and/ or.
The present invention relates to an emulsion polymer for fast drying paint applications and a method of preparation thereof. The present invention relates to hydrophobic monomers with process modification during emulsion synthesis which has impact on drying characteristic of paint.
Hydrophobic monomer namely cyclo hexyl methacrylate and like monomers such as tertiary butyl methacrylate and 2-ethyl hexyl methacrylate, have been used for the synthesis of emulsion polymer in a sequence and with optimized process parameters. Said polymer used as an ingredient in the preparation of paint results in a paint formulation with fast drying characteristic or reduced drying time and high dirt pick up resistance.
It has been found that during synthesis of acrylic co-polymer presence of the cyclo hexyl methacrylate up to 6% is required to achieve the desired reduction in drying time as checked with test method ASTM D 711. For a particular coating system, during synthesis of emulsion polymer, addition of cyclo hexyl methacrylate-added pre-emulsion to reactor where polymerization takes place, to happen upto 180 minutes, rest 60 minutes of PE to be added without Cyclo hexyl methacrylate, enabling the cyclohexyl methacrylate moiety to be submerged inside the polymer particle and the particle surface to be with less of cyclo hexyl methacrylate. This sequence of addition during synthesis is important to get the property of lowering the drying time with the system under consideration.
The emulsion polymer underlying the present invention has also shown better dirt pick up resistance. Dirt pick up resistance was checked by conventional carbon

black test method in lab. Minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) was checked using MFFT bar (from MFFT Bar 60, from Rho point).
One of the most common approaches used for decreasing drying time of paints through polymer use resides in increasing glass transition temperature of polymer and on the use of cross-linkers. During studies on the present invention, glass transition temperature was quantified by using instrumental techniques such as differential scanning calorimeter (by using the instrument DSC Q10, from IA instruments). Water resistance was also quantified using water absorption test method to attest to the water proofing property of present invention. Contact angle was measured using DSA 100.
Drying time of paint was checked both in lab (uncontrolled for temperature and humidity) and in environmental chamber (25°C, 90% humidity) by casting a paint film of 100-micron WFT. Small heap of Gold Pearl pigment (Mica coated with Titanium dioxide, Iron (IV) oxide, Tin (IV) oxide, particle size 10-60micron, Colour-Lustrous gold) was added onto the casted film after every 30 seconds at various points which were pre-determined, following which, it was dried for 10 minutes. Removal of heaps were done slowly using a dried paint brush followed by dusting using a muslin cloth. The point at which no traces of Pearl pigment found was quantified as the time taken for drying.
Acrylic, surfactant stabilized copolymer has also been developed with 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate, and having incorporated with di acetone acrylamide for surface crosslinking with adipic acid di hydrazide, using emulsion polymerization technique via free radical mechanism using thermal initiator. A process yielding said emulsion polymer has been developed which used in paint gave reduced drying time compared to conventional, commonly used emulsion systems. While literature reports to improved drying, addition of drying time accelerator such as cationic polymers, salts which will destabilize the system in one hand and requirement of additional equipment during application on other hand. Further, literature also reports to add methanol to optimize the drying time

which will increase the volatile organic compound of the coating system. The new process underlying the present invention successfully processes acrylic co-polymer functionalized with specialty monomer which gets attached to backbone of the polymer resulting in reduced drying time which also opened up the opportunity to reduce the methanol quantity from paint formulation there by reducing the volatile organic compound of the system.
The composition of the emulsion may include 30-60 % water, preferably demineralized or distilled water; 0.01 – 0.1 % of anionic surfactant, said anionic surfactant preferably is 30-60 % solution of Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate; 0.2 – 0.7 % of non-ionic surfactant, preferably a 50-70 % solution mixture of ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols; 0.1 – 0.5 pbw of sodium bicarbonate; 0.1 – 0.3 pbw of potassium per sulphate; 15 – 30 pbw of methyl methacrylate; 15 – 30 pbw of 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate; 0.1 – 1 pbw of methacrylic acid; 0.5 – 2 pbw of hydroxy ethyl methacrylate; 0.1-0.3 diacetone acrylamide; 5-10 pbw of cyclohexyl methacrylate; Vinyl trimethoxy silane- 0.2-0.40 pbw; 0.01-0.1 pbw of tertiary hydro peroxide; 0.01-1 pbw of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate; and additives like 0.1 – 0.5 Biocide, 0.01-0.05 defoamer, 0.5-1 of liquor ammonia, 0.05-0.2 of adipic acid dihydrazide.
The process of production of said emulsion polymer has been disclosed below in details, comprising the steps of adding in sequence to a glass reactor of demineralized water and anionic surfactant, followed by addition, in sequence to a separate vessel the ingredients of pre-emulsion like demineralized water, anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, Methyl methacrylate, 2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, Methacrylic acid, Diacetone acrylamide, Potassium per sulphate, Cyclohexyl methacrylate, Vinyl trimethoxy silane and Cyclohexyl methacrylate; heating of the reactor from the first step to 50°-80° C and addition of 5 % of pre-emulsion of the second step into the reactor followed by addition of sodium bicarbonate, potassium per sulphate solution and incubated for 5-15 minutes. This may be followed by addition of the remaining pre-emulsion over a period of 3-6 hours wherein cyclohexyl methacrylate- 1-7 % is added to the pre-

emulsion at intervals of 1 hours, 2 hours and 3 hours of addition of the pre-emulsion to the reactor and mixed with 0.2-0.8 pbw vinyl tri methoxy silane (VTMO) after completion of 1-3 hours to a reactor, mixed in and continued the addition of remaining pre-emulsion while maintaining temperature at 60-80° C throughout 3-6 hours; following which the temperature of the reactor is reduced to 75° C after completion of addition of pre-emulsion and consequent addition of 0.01 – 0.1 pbw tertiary butyl hydroperoxide solution in water with 0.05-0.2 pbw non-ionic surfactant, and 0.01 – 0.1 pbw sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate solution prepared separately over a period of 2 to 20 minutes as a separate feed, simultaneously; following digestion of the mixture in the reactor for 30 minutes to 60 minutes at 60-75°C, which may be followed by cooling of reactor to 20-30°C and addition of ingredients designated as additives such as Biocide, Defoamer, Liquour NH3, Adipic acid dihydrazide, and demineralized water, mixing for 1-10 minutes and filtering with nylon cloth of 80 - 120 mesh size.
To check the drying time of film, a paint formulation having 40%-45% PVC system having volume solids of 60%-65% was used, along with 2-6% of alcohol preferably methanol was used.
Now, the composition as well as the process of preparation is deliberated through examples.
Example 1:
The basic composition of the emulsion polymer including pre-emulsion is given below in Table 1.
Table: 1

Description pbw (parts by weight)
Demineralized water 18.00
Anionic surfactant 0.15

(Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate (45 % sol))
Sodium bicarbonate 0.20
Demineralized water 3.00
Potassium per sulphate 0.15
Demineralized water 3.00
Pre-Emulsion
Demineralized water 19.12
Anionic surfactant
(Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate (45%sol)) 0.30
Non-ionic surfactant
(Mixture of ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols 70% sol) 0.50
Methyl methacrylate 21.30
2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate 19.70
Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate 1.00
Methacrylic acid 0.50
Diacetone acrylamide 0.22
Potassium per sulphate 0.03
Cyclohexyl methacrylate 2.00
Cyclohexyl methacrylate 2.00
Vinyl trimethoxy silane 0.40
Cyclohexyl methacrylate 2.00
Demineralized water flushing 1.00
Digestion
Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide 0.05
Non-ionic surfactant
(Mixture of ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols 70% sol) 0.10
Demineralized water 0.50
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate 0.05
Demineralized water 0.50
Additives

Biocide 0.20
Defoamer 0.02
Liquor NH3 0.70
Adipic acid dihydrazide 0.11
Demineralized water 3.20
Total 100.00
Example 2:
The process of production of said emulsion polymer has been disclosed below in details, comprising the steps of-a) Addition, in sequence to a glass reactor of demineralized water and anionic surfactant
b) addition, in sequence to a separate vessel the ingredients of pre-emulsion like demineralized water, anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, Methyl methacrylate, 2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, Methacrylic acid, Diacetone acrylamide, Potassium per sulphate, Cyclohexyl methacrylate, Vinyl trimethoxy silane and Cyclohexyl methacrylate
c) heating of the reactor from step (a) to 80°C and addition of 5% of pre-emulsion of step (b) into the reactor followed by addition of sodium bicarbonate, potassium per sulphate solution and incubated for 10 min
d) addition of the remaining pre-emulsion over a period of 4 hours wherein-Cyclohexyl methacrylate- 2% each is added to the pre-emulsion at intervals of after completion of 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours of addition of the pre-emulsion to the reactor and mixed in
e) addition of Vinyl tri methoxy silane (VTMO) into the pre-emulsion after
completion of 2 hours of pre-emulsion addition to the reactor, mixed in and
continued the addition of remaining pre-emulsion while maintaining temperature
at 80° C throughout 4 hours
f) reduction of temperature of reactor to 75°C after completion of addition of pre-
emulsion and consequent addition of tertiary butyl hyperoxide solution with non-

ionic surfactant, and sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate solution prepared separately over a period of 5 to 10 minutes as a separate feed, simultaneously; g) digestion of the mixture in the reactor for 1 hour at 75°C
h) cooling of reactor to 30°C and addition of ingredients designated as additives
such as Biocide, Defoamer, Liquour NH3, Adipic acid dihydrazide, and
demineralized water, mixing for 5 min and filtration with nylon cloth of 120 mesh size.
The emulsion polymer formation, the modifications in the process of preparation
and properties of the emulsion polymer theretofore have been further exemplified
below with two case studies.
Example 3:
Case study 1
The process of preparation of the emulsion polymer is modified with respect to
the following parameters in six instances is designated as a-f, wherein-
a. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in entire PE (Pre-emulsion)
b. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in PE after seed addition into reactor
c. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in PE after 60 minutes addition into
reactor
d. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in PE after 120 minutes addition into
reactor
e. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in PE after 180 minutes addition into
reactor
f. No Cyclohexyl methacrylate in PE

Evaluation of minimum film forming temperature: Minimum film forming temperature was measured using the instrument MFFT Bar (from MFFT Bar 60), from Rho point.
The graphical representation in Fig. 1 illustrates the effect of alteration of
Cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) addition times during pre-emulsion addition to
the reactor during the synthesis process, on the minimum film forming
temperature (MFFT) of the present invention. The intervals on the x-axis
represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications-
1= CHMA at entire PE, 2= CHMA after seed, 3= CHMA after 1st hour, 4=
CHMA after 2nd hour, 5= CHMA after 3rd hour, and 6=No CHMA.
It can be seen that the minimum film forming temperature of the emulsion decreases a bit as glass transition temperature (Tg) of CHMA is 85°C and MMA is 105°C.
Evaluation of Contact angle: Contact angle was measured using DSA 100. The
graphical representation in Fig. 2 illustrates the effect of alteration of Cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) addition times during pre-emulsion addition to the reactor during the synthesis process, on the contact angle of the present invention. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following
modifications-
1= CHMA at entire PE, 2= CHMA after seed, 3= CHMA after 1st hour, 4= CHMA after 2nd hour, 5= CHMA after 3rd hour, and 6 = No CHMA.
It can be seen that there is an increasing trend of contact angle, which supports the
basis that as CHMA is taken out from center of the polymer particle to surface of
the particle, outer periphery of the polymer particle becomes crowded with more CHMA than MMA and MMA concentration is more into the particle than outer periphery.

Evaluation of water absorption: Water absorption was quantified by dipping a dried film (1 Sq. inch) of emulsion which was cured for 48 hours, to 96 hours. The gain in weight after dipping in water to that of initial was calculated and reported. The graphical representation in Fig. 3 illustrates the effect of alteration of Cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) addition times during pre-emulsion addition to the reactor during the synthesis process, on the water absorption of the present invention. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications-1= CHMA after seed, 2= CHMA after 1st hour, 3= CHMA after 2nd hour, 4= CHMA after 3rd hour, 5= No CHMA.
Thus, there is an increasing trend in water absorption. This is because of the hydrophilicity increases from core to surface due to CHMA added at later stages, it absorbs more water, as the volume available for water to be absorbed from core to surface increases.
Evaluation of drying time of Paint: Drying time of paint was checked both in lab (uncontrolled for temperature and humidity) and in environmental chamber (25°C, 90% humidity) by casting a paint film of 100 micron WFT. Small heap of Gold Pearl pigment (Mica coated with Titanium dioxide, Iron (IV) oxide, Tin (IV) oxide, particle size 10-60micron, Colour-Lustrous gold), was added onto the casted film after every 30 seconds at various points which were pre-determined. It was allowed to dry for 10 minutes. Removal of heaps were done slowly using a dried paint brush followed by dusting using a muslin cloth. The point at which no traces of Gold Pearl Pigment found was taken as the time taken for drying. The graphical representation in Fig. 4 illustrates the effect of alteration of Cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) addition times during pre-emulsion addition to the reactor during the synthesis process, on the drying time of paint the present invention. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications-

1= CHMA after seed, 2= CHMA after 1st hour, 3= CHMA after 2nd hour, 4= CHMA after 3rd hour, 5= No CHMA.
It can be seen that there is an increasing trend in drying time. This is due to the fact that as more amount of water gets absorbed inside the particle, due to higher hydrophilicity inside the core than the surface, the absorbed water is not able to come out, as the surface is more hydrophobic (due to crowding of CHMA).
All the above measurements indicate that the drying time increases when CHMA is added at later stages during the addition of PE to the reactor during the process of synthesis of said emulsion, due to the fact that the absorbed water finds difficulty to come out of the particle, due to higher hydrophobicity of the surface.
Example 4
Case study 2
The process of preparation of the emulsion polymer is modified with respect to the following parameters in four instances designated as a-d.
a. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in reactor after addition into seed into
reactor.
b. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in PE up to 60 minutes of addition
into reactor (Rest 180 minutes of PE addition to happen without
Cyclohexyl methacrylate).
c. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in PE up to 120 minutes of addition
into reactor (Rest 120 minutes of PE addition to happen without
Cyclohexyl methacrylate).
d. Cyclohexyl methacrylate (6%) taken in PE up to 180 minutes of addition
into reactor (Rest 60 minutes of PE addition to happen without Cyclohexyl
methacrylate).

Evaluation of minimum film forming temperature: The graphical representation in Fig. 5 illustrates the effect of alteration of Cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) addition times during pre-emulsion addition to the reactor during the synthesis process, on the minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of the present invention. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications-1= CHMA at seed, 2= CHMA up to 1st hour, 3= CHMA up to 2nd hour, 4= CHMA up to 3rd hour.
It may be observed that the minimum film forming temperature of the emulsion increases a bit as glass transition temperature (Tg) of MMA is 105°C and CHMA is 85°C. It is because surface is crowded with more MMA than CHMA.
Evaluation of Contact angle: The graphical representation in Fig. 6 illustrates the effect of alteration of Cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) addition times during pre-emulsion addition to the reactor during the synthesis process, on the contact angle of the present invention. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications-1= No CHMA, 2= CHMA at seed, 3= CHMA up to 1st hour, 4= CHMA up to 2nd hour, 5= CHMA up to 3rd hour.
It can be seen that there is a decreasing trend of contact angle, which supports the basis that as the concentration of CHMA is increased from center of the polymer particle, outer periphery of the polymer particle becomes crowded with more MMA than CHMA and MMA concentration is more in outer periphery than into the particle.
Evaluation of water absorption: The graphical representation in Fig. 7 illustrates the effect of alteration of Cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) addition times during pre-emulsion addition to the reactor during the synthesis process, on the water

absorption of the present invention. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications-1= No CHMA, 2= CHMA at seed, 3= CHMA up to 1st hour, 4= CHMA up to 2nd hour, 5= CHMA up to 3rd hour.
It may be observed that there is a decreasing trend in water absorption. This is because as the hydrophobicity increases from core due to CHMA added at initial stages, it absorbs less water, as the volume available for water to be absorbed from core to surface decreases.
Evaluation of drying time of paint: The graphical representation in Fig. 8 illustrates the effect of alteration of Cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) addition times during pre-emulsion addition to the reactor during the synthesis process, on the drying time of the present invention. The intervals on the x-axis represent the emulsion polymer with the following modifications-1= No CHMA, 2= CHMA up to 1st hour, 3= CHMA up to 2nd hour, 4= CHMA up to 3rd hour.
It may be observed that there is a decrease trend in drying time of paint. This is because as less amount of water gets absorbed inside the particle, due to higher hydrophobicity inside the core than the surface, the absorbed water quickly comes out, as the surface is more hydrophilic (due to crowding of MMA).
All the above measurements indicate that the drying time of paint decreases, when CHMA is added at initial stages, because the absorbed water quickly comes out of the particle, due to higher hydrophilicity of the surface.
The graphical representation in Fig. 9 illustrates a comparative account of the case studies 1 and 2 with respect to water absorption of emulsion film and drying time of paint. It may be observed that as CHMA is added into the system up to 3 hr of addition of PE into the reactor, it gave lowest water absorption followed by quick drying. From Fig. 9, there is a reduction of 33% of drying time from (450 secs for system with No CHMA to 300 sec for system with CHMA up to 3rd hour).

Reduction of methanol has been determined and found close to 18% on polymer solids, that is, instead of adding 4% methanol in paint in case of conventional formulations, the addition of emulsion polymer underlying the present invention renders the addition of only 3.3% methanol, while using this system, thereby reducing the VOC (volatile organic compound) of the system.
Thus, it can be concluded that use of hydrophobic monomer namely cyclo hexyl methacrylate, during synthesis of emulsion polymer, the polymer thus formed when used for preparation of paint, reduces the drying time. Presence of the cyclo hexyl methacrylate up to 6% is required to achieve the reduction in drying time desired. For a particular coating system, during synthesis of emulsion polymer, addition of Cyclo hexyl methacrylate into pre-emulsion to happen, especially up to completion of 180 minutes addition of Pre-emulsion (PE) into the reactor where polymerization takes place. Rest 60 minutes of PE to be added without Cyclo hexyl methacrylate, enabling the cyclohexyl methacrylate moiety to be submerged inside the particle and the particle surface to be with less of cyclohexyl methacrylate.
Now, the crux of the invention is claimed implicitly and explicitly through the following claims.
Each of the appended claims defines a separate invention, which for infringement purposes is recognized as including equivalents to the various elements or limitations specified in the claims. Depending on the context, all references below to the “invention” may in some cases refer to certain specific embodiments only. In other cases, it will be recognized that references to the “invention” will refer to subject matter recited in one or more, but not necessarily all, of the claims.
Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member can be referred to a claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. One or more members of a group can be included

in or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/ or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is herein deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all groups used in the appended claims.

We Claim:
1. A process for producing an emulsion polymer for fast drying paint
applications, said process comprising the steps of-a) adding, in sequence, to a glass reactor of demineralized water and anionic surfactant;
b) adding, in sequence to a separate vessel, the ingredients of pre-emulsion like demineralized water, anionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, Methyl methacrylate, 2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, Methacrylic acid, Diacetone acrylamide, Potassium per sulphate, Cyclohexyl methacrylate, Vinyl trimethoxy silane and Cyclohexyl methacrylate;
c) heating of the reactor from step (a) to 70°-80° C and addition of 3-5 % of pre-emulsion of step (b) into the reactor followed by addition of sodium bicarbonate, potassium per sulphate solution and incubated for 5-15 min;
d) adding the remaining 95-97 % pre-emulsion over a period of 3-6 hours wherein- cyclohexyl methacrylate- 4-6 % is added to the pre-emulsion at intervals of 1 hours, 2 hours and 3 hours of addition of the pre-emulsion to the reactor and mixed in;
e) adding 0.2-0.8 parts by weight vinyl tri methoxy silane (VTMO) into the pre-emulsion after completion of 1-4 hours of pre-emulsion addition to the reactor, mixed in and continued the addition of remaining pre-emulsion while maintaining temperature at 70-80 °C throughout 2-4 hours;
f) reducing temperature of reactor to 75°C after completion of addition of pre-emulsion and consequent addition of 0.01 – 0.1 parts by weight tertiary butyl hydroperoxide solution with 0.05-0.2 parts by weight non-ionic surfactant, and 0.01 – 0.1 parts by weight sodium formaldehyde sulphoxylate solution prepared separately over a period of 2 to 20 minutes as a separate feed, simultaneously; and
g) digesting the mixture in the reactor for 30 minutes to 2 hours at 70-80°C;

h) cooling of reactor to 20-30°C and addition of ingredients designated as additives such as Biocide, defoamer, liquor Ammonia, Adipic acid dihydrazide, and demineralized water, mixing for 1-10 minutes and filtering with nylon cloth of 80 - 120 mesh size.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein, cyclo hexyl methacrylate used
in the formation of the emulsion polymer is up to 6% in the emulsion.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 wherein, during synthesis of emulsion polymer, addition of cyclo hexyl methacrylate is to be into pre-emulsion, especially up to completion of 180 minutes addition of pre-emulsion into the reactor where polymerization takes place while remaining 60 minutes of pre-emulsion is to be added without cyclo hexyl methacrylate.
4. An emulsion polymer for fast drying paint applications through the process as claimed in claim 1, said emulsion polymer composition constituents including that of pre-emulsion and additives, comprising of:
Demineralized water: 30-60%, Anionic surfactant like Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate (45%sol): 0.01 – 0.1%, Sodium bicarbonate: 0.1 – 0.5 parts by weight, Potassium per sulphate: 0.1 – 0.3 parts by weight, Methyl methacrylate- 15 – 30 parts by weight, 2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate- 15 – 30 parts by weight, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate- 0.5 –2 parts by weight, Methacrylic acid- 0.1 – 1 parts by weight, Diacetone acrylamide- 0.1-0.3 parts by weight, Potassium per sulphate- 0.03 parts by weight, Cyclohexyl methacrylate- 5-10 parts by weight, Vinyl trimethoxy silane- 0.2-0.40 parts by weight, Tertiary hydro peroxide- 0.01-0.1 parts by weight, Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate-0.01-1 parts by weight, Additives: Biocide 0.1 – 0.5 parts by weight, Defoamer- 0.01-0.05 parts by weight, Liquid Ammonia- 0.5-1 parts by weight, and Adipic acid dihydrazide- 0.05-0.2 parts by weight.

5. The emulsion polymer as claimed in claim 4 wherein, said emulsion polymer composition constituents including that of pre-emulsion and additives, comprising in sequence of addition and parts by weight of: Demineralized water: 18.00, Anionic surfactant like Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate (45%sol): preferably 0.15, Sodium bicarbonate: preferably 0.20, Demineralized water: preferably 3.00, Potassium per sulphate: preferably 0.15, Demineralized water: 3.00, Pre-Emulsion: Demineralized water-19.12, Anionic surfactant like Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate (45%sol)- preferably 0.30, Non-ionic surfactant like mixture of ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols (70% sol)- preferably 0.50, Methyl methacrylate-preferably 21.30, 2-Ethyl hexyl acrylate- preferably 19.70, Hydroxy ethyl methacrylate- preferably 1.00, Methacrylic acid- preferably 0.50, Diacetone acrylamide- preferably 0.22, Potassium per sulphate- preferably 0.03, Cyclohexyl methacrylate- 2.00, Cyclohexyl methacrylate-2.00, Vinyl trimethoxy silane- preferably 0.40, Cyclohexyl methacrylate 2.00, Demineralized water for flushing- 1.00, Tertiary hydro peroxide- preferably 0.05, Non-ionic surfactant like mixture of ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols (70% sol)- preferably 0.10, Demineralized water- 0.50, Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate- preferably 0.05, Demineralized water- 0.50, Additives: Biocide preferably 150- 0.20, Defoamer- preferably 0.02, Liquid Ammonia- preferably 0.70, Adipic acid dihydrazide- preferably 0.11 and Demineralized water- 3.20.