Specification
Name of invention: refractory
Technical field
[One]
The present invention relates to a refractory material, and more particularly, to a refractory material capable of effectively suppressing the bypass and growth of cracks.
Background
[2]
Refractory materials used in the iron-making process are manufactured using magnesia and alumina as raw materials. At this time, graphite is added to the refractory in order to increase durability against repeated thermal shocks on the refractory, decrease reactivity to slag in contact with the refractory, and alleviate the temperature gradient inside the refractory.
[3]
Meanwhile, although the graphite content can be increased to improve the thermal conductivity of the refractory and reduce the elastic modulus, there is a limit to the improvement of spalling resistance that can be obtained by increasing the graphite content. In addition, when graphite in the refractory material directly contacts the molten steel, carbon may be eluted into the molten steel to increase the carbon concentration of the molten steel, and carbon monoxide may be generated inside the refractory material, thereby damaging the refractory material. In addition, when the refractory material is a magnesia refractory material, a large amount of carbon monoxide may be produced by reacting with carbon in the molten steel.
[4]
Therefore, it is preferable to lower the graphite content of the refractory within a range that does not lower the thermal shock resistance in the refractory while suppressing the penetration of slag into the refractory so as to suppress damage to the refractory due to the increase in the carbon concentration of the molten steel and the generation of carbon monoxide.
[5]
At this time, since the durability of the refractory can be reduced as the content of graphite is lowered, a method of securing the durability of the refractory in addition to graphite is required.
[6]
The technology that serves as the background of the present invention is published in the following patent documents.
[7]
(Prior technical literature)
[8]
(Patent Document)
[9]
(Patent Document 1) KR10-2009-0116487 A
Detailed description of the invention
Technical challenge
[10]
The present invention provides a refractory material capable of effectively inhibiting the bypass and growth of cracks.
[11]
The present invention provides a refractory material capable of effectively preventing local dropout of a cracked portion.
Means of solving the task
[12]
A refractory according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a refractory formed in a three-dimensional shape; And a frame disposed inside the refractory body, wherein the frame extends across the interior of the refractory body and is spaced apart from the edge of the refractory body.
[13]
The frame may be located at 10% to 90% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory body.
[14]
The frame may be located at 10% to 90% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory in a plurality of axial directions passing through the interior of the refractory.
[15]
The frame may be continuously positioned between 10% and 90% of the length in a direction in which the frame extends.
[16]
The frame may include carbon fibers formed of at least one of a single fiber and a fiber bundle.
[17]
A plurality of the frames may be spaced apart from each other in the refractory body.
[18]
The plurality of frames may extend in the same direction to form one frame group, or may form a plurality of frame groups extending in different directions.
[19]
When the plurality of frames form the plurality of frame groups, each direction in which the plurality of frame groups extend may form an angle greater than 0° and less than 180°.
[20]
When the plurality of frames form the plurality of frame groups, the plurality of frame groups may include a first group extending in a first axis direction and a second group extending in a second axis direction.
[21]
When the plurality of frames form the plurality of frame groups, the plurality of frame groups may further include a third group extending in a third axis direction.
[22]
The interval between the plurality of frames may be at least twice the maximum particle size of the refractory body.
[23]
The refractory body may have a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less.
[24]
The refractory body may include an amorphous refractory block injected into a mold, and the amorphous refractory block may include a refractory raw material and graphite.
[25]
The amorphous refractory block may include 1wt% to 30wt% of graphite based on the total weight of the amorphous refractory block.
[26]
The refractory body includes a standard refractory lead, which is press-molded at a pressure of 0.1 to 1.5 ton/cm 2 in a mold, and the fixed refractory lead may include a refractory raw material, a binder, and graphite.
[27]
The fixed refractory lead may contain 1 wt% to 30 wt% of graphite based on the total weight of the fixed refractory lead.
Effects of the Invention
[28]
According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to construct a frame group of various structures using carbon fibers inside the refractory material, and by using this, cracks occurring in the refractory material may propagate around or bypass graphite particles in the refractory material. It can effectively inhibit growth. In addition, even if cracks grow inside the refractory, a part of the cracked refractory can be prevented from dropping locally by using carbon fibers built in the refractory.
[29]
That is, since the durability of the refractory can be sufficiently secured by the carbon fibers constructed in various three-dimensional structures inside the refractory, the graphite content of the refractory can be reduced compared to the conventional one. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently secure the service life of the refractory while reducing the elution of carbon into the molten metal in contact with the refractory during the iron making process in which the refractory is used, thereby contributing to securing product quality and reducing manufacturing cost.
Brief description of the drawing
[30]
1 to 3 are conceptual diagrams of refractories according to embodiments of the present invention.
[31]
4 is a view for explaining a crack blocking action of each refractory according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention.
[32]
5 is a view for explaining an action of preventing local drop-off of each refractory according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention compared to a comparative example.
[33]
6 is a view for explaining the result of measuring the bending strength of each refractory according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention.
[34]
7 is a view for explaining the measurement results of the thermal shock durability of each refractory according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention.
Mode for carrying out the invention
[35]
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and will be implemented in various different forms. Only the embodiments of the present invention are provided to complete the disclosure of the present invention and to completely inform the scope of the invention to those of ordinary skill in the relevant field. In order to describe an embodiment of the present invention, the drawings may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same elements.
[36]
1 to 3 are conceptual diagrams of refractories according to embodiments of the present invention. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a refractory according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a refractory according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a refractory according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
[37]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail on the basis of fluorinated refractory materials that can be used in various facilities that perform a steelmaking process and a continuous casting process. Of course, embodiments of the present invention can be applied in various ways to various facilities for the iron making process.
[38]
Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the refractory according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The refractory according to embodiments of the present invention has fire resistance, is disposed inside the refractory body 10 and the refractory body 10 formed in a three-dimensional shape, extends across the interior of the refractory body 10, and is fireproof. It includes a frame 20 spaced from the edge of the sieve (10). Here, the edge means a predetermined area within the refractory body 10 corresponding to the periphery of each section when the refractory body 10 is cut in various directions including the three-axis (x, y, z axis) directions. That is, the frame 20 is separated from the edge, for example, in all directions with the center of the refractory body 10 as the origin, the frame 20 is spaced apart from the outer surface of the refractory body 10 and the refractory body 10 It means that it is buried to a predetermined depth inside of. The refractory according to embodiments of the present invention may also be referred to as a highly durable refractory material in which the durability of the refractory body 10 is enhanced by using the frame 20.
[39]
The refractory body 10 may have fire resistance, and may be formed to withstand mechanical (physical) erosion and chemical erosion during its service life in a high temperature environment in which various processes are performed. The refractory body 10 may be a fluorinated refractory material including graphite. In this case, the refractory body 10 may include an irregular refractory block and a fixed refractory lead. The irregular refractory block may be an amorphous refractory block injected into a mold, and the fixed refractory lead may be a fixed refractory lead pressed by a predetermined pressure in the mold.
[40]
On the other hand, the irregular refractory block is a refractory block made of an irregular refractory material such as castable refractory. That is, the term'negative shape' means having a predetermined fixed shape, but having various three-dimensional shapes. In the embodiment, the term'negative type' does not mean that the shape is not constant and fluid like a liquid.
[41]
The irregular refractory block may include a refractory raw material and graphite. The amorphous refractory block may include 1 wt% to 30 wt% of graphite based on the total weight of the amorphous refractory block, and the balance may include refractory raw materials.
[42]
Here, if the amorphous refractory block contains less than 1 wt% of graphite with respect to the total weight, the thermal shock resistance of the amorphous refractory block and corrosion resistance to slag may be deteriorated, resulting in a decrease in the life of the amorphous refractory block. If the amorphous refractory block contains more than 30 wt% of graphite based on the total weight, the amount of graphite occupying the inside of the amorphous refractory block is large, and the carbon component is eluted into the molten steel, which may cause a component change of the molten steel.
[43]
The regular refractory lead may include a refractory raw material, a binder, and graphite. The fixed refractory lead may contain 1 wt% to 30 wt% of graphite and 0.5 wt% to 5 wt% of a binder based on the total weight of the fixed refractory lead, and the remainder may include refractory raw materials.
[44]
Here, if the fixed refractory lead contains less than 1 wt% of graphite with respect to the total weight, the thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance to slag of the fixed refractory lead may be deteriorated, leading to a decrease in life. If the fixed refractory lead contains more than 30 wt% of graphite with respect to the total weight, the amount of graphite in the fixed refractory lead is large, and the carbon component is eluted into the molten steel, which may cause a component change of the molten steel.
[45]
In addition, if the fixed refractory lead contains less than 0.5wt% of binder with respect to the total weight, it is insufficient to be dispersed throughout the fixed refractory lead, and if it contains more than 5wt% of the binder, void space inside the fixed refractory lead after heat treatment is caused. As a result, it may lead to a decrease in the life of the standard refractory lead.
[46]
The refractory raw material may include magnesia, alumina, silica, calcia, and zirconia, and the blending ratio between them may vary. In the examples, the blending ratio thereof is not particularly limited.
[47]
The refractory body 10 may have a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less. If the maximum size of the particles of the refractory body 10 is larger than this, the frame 20 may be damaged by the particles of the refractory body 10.
[48]
On the other hand, since the refractory body 10 can improve durability by using the frame 20, preferably, the content of graphite can be reduced so that the graphite content is 10 wt% or less with respect to the total weight of the refractory body 10. . Therefore, by arranging the frame 20 inside the refractory body 10, the amorphous refractory block contains 1 wt% to 10 wt% of graphite based on the total weight, and the content of graphite can be further reduced to include the remainder of the refractory material. have. In addition, the content of graphite may be further reduced so that the standard refractory lead contains 1 wt% to 10 wt% of graphite based on the total weight, and 0.5 wt% to 5 wt% of the binder and the balance refractory raw material. As such, the refractory body 10 may be an ultra-low graphite refractory body 10, and thus, the graphite content may be 10 wt% or less with respect to the total weight of the refractory body 10.
[49]
In particular, in the case of an irregular refractory block, desired durability can be secured without graphite. That is, by arranging the frame 20 inside the refractory body 10, the amorphous refractory block contains 10 wt% or less of graphite based on the total weight, and the graphite content can be further reduced so as to include the remainder of the refractory material. .
[50]
The frame 20 may include at least one of carbon fibers formed of a single fiber and carbon fibers formed of a fiber bundle. At this time, the carbon fiber may be a highly tough carbon fiber, and its diameter (d) or nominal diameter may be several to several tens of μm. The frame 20 forms a network inside the refractory body 10, and cracks that may occur inside the refractory body 10 can be prevented from growing by bypassing the graphite particles and the refractory raw material particles. .
[51]
On the other hand, even if a part of the refractory body 10 is separated by a crack, it may still be supported by the frame 20. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a part of the separated refractory body 10 from falling off. That is, the frame 20 forms a carbon fiber network inside the refractory body 10, and by using this, the propagation of cracks generated inside the refractory body 10 by thermal shock, mechanical shock, and structural stress concentration. It can prevent damage to the refractory body 10 by preventing it. In addition, even if a crack occurs in the refractory body 10, the carbon fiber network can prevent peeling of the cracked portion, that is, local dropping of the refractory body 10.
[52]
The frame 20 is spaced apart from the edge of the refractory body 10 and is not exposed to the outer surface of the refractory body 10. In other words, the frame 20 is not exposed to the outside of the refractory body 10. For example, when the frame 20 is exposed to the outside of the refractory body 10, the frame 20 may come into contact with molten steel, and the carbon component in the frame 20 may be picked up and destroyed by molten steel. Thus, according to embodiments of the present invention, when the frame 20 is disposed inside the refractory body 10, it is spaced apart from the edge of the refractory body 10.
[53]
The frame 20 may be located at 5% to 95% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory body 10. At this time, preferably, the frame 20 may be located at 10% to 90% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory body 10. In more detail, the frame 20 may be located at 10% to 90% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory 10 in a plurality of axial directions passing through the interior of the refractory 10. Here, the plurality of axes may include various axes that pass through the interior of the refractory body 10 and are spaced apart from these axes at a predetermined angle, including a three-axis (x, y, z axis) direction. At this time, these axes may pass through a predetermined position inside the refractory body 10 or may pass through the center of the refractory body 10. The above-described one end and the other end are one end and the other end facing each other with the center of the refractory body 10 interposed therebetween, and may be located on both sides in a plurality of axial directions passing through the center of the refractory body 10.
[54]
For example, in the x-axis direction, if the length from one end to the other end of the refractory 10 is the x-axis length (L 1 ), the frame 20 is 10% to 90% of the x-axis length (L 1 ) ( It is located at L 1,0 ). In addition, in the y-axis direction, if the length from one end to the other end of the refractory body 10 is the y-axis length (L 3 ), the frame 20 is 10% to 90% of the y-axis length (L 3 ) It is located at (L 3,0 ). In addition, in the z-axis direction, when the length from one end to the other end of the refractory body 10 is the z-axis length (L 2 ), the frame 20 is 10% to 90% of the z-axis length (L 2 ) It can be located within the length (L 2,0 ).
[55]
When the position of the frame 20 exceeds the above range, the frame 20 is located near the surface of the refractory body 10, and thus, microcracks may occur on the surface in the process of manufacturing the refractory body 10. . When the position of the frame 20 is less than the above range, there is a problem in that the reinforcing effect of the refractory body by carbon fiber is deteriorated.
[56]
The frame 20 may be a long carbon fiber having a length of 10% to 90% of the length of the refractory body 10 in the direction in which the frame 20 extends. At this time, the frame 20 may be continuously positioned in a direction in which the frame 20 extends between 10% to 90% of the length from one end of the refractory body 10 to the other end. Meanwhile, the frames 20 may be spaced apart from each other between 10% to 90% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory body 10 or may be aligned with each other while being positioned to be in contact. In this case, the length of the frame 20 may be shorter.
[57]
That is, the frame 20 may be continuously positioned between 10% to 90% of the length from one end of the refractory body 10 to the other end without breaking (without shorting) in the direction in which the frame 20 extends. In this case, the extension length of the frame 20 may be 10% to 90% of the length of the refractory body 10 in the direction in which the frame 20 extends.
[58]
Alternatively, the frame 20 may be intermittently positioned in the direction in which the frame 20 extends between 10% to 90% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory body 10, and at this time, the frame 20 The extension length of) may be, for example, 10% to 80% of the length of the refractory body 10 in the direction in which the frame 20 extends.
[59]
If the minimum length of the frame 20 is less than 10% of the length of the refractory 10, there is a problem in that the reinforcing effect of the refractory by the long carbon fiber is deteriorated. If the maximum length of the frame 20 is 90% or more of the length of the refractory body 10, the frame 20 is located near the surface of the refractory body 10, and thus, the surface in the process of manufacturing the refractory body 10 Microcracks may occur in the
[60]
The frame 20 may be grouped and arranged in a direction within the refractory body 10 by the numerical ranges described above.
[61]
The direction in which the frame 20 extends may be perpendicular to the direction in which the crack occurs, and when cracks occur in various directions according to the use environment of the refractory material, the arrangement of the frame 20 may be varied to respond to this.
[62]
Meanwhile, a plurality of frames 20 may be spaced apart from each other within the refractory body 10. In this case, the interval t between the plurality of frames 20 may be at least twice the maximum particle size of the refractory body 10. If the spacing between the frames 20 is less than twice the maximum particle size of the refractory body 10, the molding of the refractory body 10 may not be smooth, and the weight of the refractory body 10 becomes smaller, so that it functions as a refractory material. This can fall.
[63]
In addition, if the gap (t) of the frames 20 is less than twice the maximum particle size of the refractory body 10, the particles of the refractory body 10 are difficult to be filled between the frames 20 You can create an empty space between them, and this empty space can act as a defect.
[64]
Meanwhile, more preferably, the interval between the plurality of frames 20 may be 3 times or more of the maximum particle size of the refractory body 10. In this case, the particles of the refractory body 10 may be more uniformly filled between the frames 20, and the particles of the refractory body 10 may be more evenly distributed.
[65]
The upper limit of the interval between the plurality of frames 20 is not particularly limited. That is, the distance between the plurality of frames 20 may vary depending on the number of frames 20 within a range that is at least twice the maximum particle size of the refractory body 10.
[66]
Hereinafter, each embodiment in which the arrangement of the frame 20 is variously configured according to the use environment of the refractory material will be described.
[67]
Referring to FIG. 1, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of frames 20 may extend in the same direction to form one frame group. That is, the plurality of frames 20 may be spaced apart in the x-axis direction and the z-axis direction, and extend in the y-axis direction to form one frame group. Of course, in addition to those shown in the drawings, a plurality of frames 20 may be spaced apart in the y-axis direction and the x-axis direction, and extend in the z-axis direction to form one frame group, and a plurality of frames 20 For example, it may be spaced apart in the z-axis direction and the y-axis direction and extend in the x-axis direction to form one frame group. Further, in the above-described cases, in addition to extending in each axial direction, it may be extended to be inclined at a predetermined angle in each axial direction. This arrangement is called a parallel arrangement in the same direction. Such an arrangement is preferably applied to regular refractory wires. Meanwhile, in the case of a modified example of the first embodiment, one frame 20 may be disposed inside the refractory body 10.
[68]
Referring to FIG. 2, in the second embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of frames 20 may extend in different directions to form a plurality of frame groups. In this case, the plurality of frame groups are in the first axis direction. It may include a first group extending and a second group extending in the second axis direction. Here, assuming that the first axis direction is, for example, the x axis direction, the second axis direction may be the y axis direction or the z axis direction. Further, if the first axis direction is, for example, the y axis direction, the second axis direction may be the z axis direction or the x axis direction. Further, if the first axis direction is, for example, the z axis direction, the second axis direction may be the x axis direction or the y axis direction. This arrangement is called a planar grid spaced arrangement. Such an arrangement is preferably applied to regular refractory wires. Meanwhile, in the case of a modified example of the second embodiment, only one frame 20 may be included for each frame group.
[69]
Referring to FIG. 3, in the third embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of frames 20 may extend in different directions to form a plurality of frame groups. In this case, the plurality of frame groups are in the first axis direction. A first group extending, a second group extending in the second axis direction, and a third group extending in the third axis direction may be included. Here, the first axis direction, the second axis direction, and the third axis direction may be an x ​​axis direction, a y axis direction, and a z axis direction. This arrangement is called a spatial grid spaced arrangement. Such an arrangement is preferably applied to irregular refractory blocks. Meanwhile, in the case of a modified example of the third embodiment, only one frame 20 may be included for each frame group.
[70]
In addition to this, there may be various embodiments, and various frame groups may be further formed inside the refractory body 10, and when a plurality of frames 20 form a plurality of frame groups, a plurality of frame groups are extended. Each direction specified may be an angle greater than 0° and less than 180°. As the plurality of frame groups extend at an angle of more than 0° and less than 180° to each other, the frame 20 may be arranged in various three-dimensional structures inside the refractory body 10. Meanwhile, when a plurality of frame groups are formed in various three-dimensional structures, as a modified example, only one frame may be included for each frame group.
[71]
Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a refractory according to embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[72]
First, the refractory manufacturing method when the refractory body 10 is an irregular refractory block is demonstrated. Refractory manufacturing method according to embodiments of the present invention, the process of preparing a refractory raw material and graphite; A process of preparing a mixture by mixing a refractory material and graphite, placing at least one frame 20 in a mold; Water is added to the mixture, mixed, and then injected into a mold, and the mixture is cured in the mold to form an irregular refractory block. In this case, the frame 20 may be positioned so as to be spaced apart from the inner surface of the mold, and in particular, may be positioned at 10% to 90% of the length from one end of the inner space of the mold to the other end. In addition, a carbon fiber network having a desired structure can be constructed in the refractory body 10 by varying the structure of the frame 20 disposed in the mold.
[73]
Hereinafter, the refractory manufacturing method when the refractory body 10 is a regular refractory soft wire will be described. A method of manufacturing a refractory according to embodiments of the present invention may include preparing a refractory raw material, a binder, and graphite; A process of preparing a mixture by mixing a refractory material, a binder, and graphite, and placing at least one frame 20 in a mold; A process of introducing the mixture into a mold, and a process of forming a fixed refractory lead by pressing the mixture in the mold. In this case, the frame 20 may be positioned so as to be spaced apart from the inner surface of the mold, and in particular, may be positioned at 10% to 90% of the length from one end of the inner space of the mold to the other end. In addition, a carbon fiber network having a desired structure can be constructed in the refractory body 10 by varying the structure of the frame 20 disposed in the mold.
[74]
The maximum size for example the maximum particle diameter of the particles of the mixture is 3 mm and be equal to or less than the frame 20. The spacing between the 9 mm and be equal to or greater than, when the press-molding the mixture, from 0.1 to 1.5 ton / ㎝ 2 uniaxially with a pressure pressing or the Equivalent pressure molding is possible. If the molding pressure and particle size are larger than the above numerical range, the carbon fibers are broken during pressure molding of the mixture to discontinuously exist in the refractory body 10, and thus, the effect of preventing the refractory from falling off may be reduced. If the molding pressure is less than the above numerical range, the refractory 10 may not maintain a fixed shape, and the porosity may be high, so that corrosion resistance may decrease.
[75]
On the other hand, after positioning the frame 20 inside the mold, there may be various ways of fixing the refractory body 10 until the molding is completed. In the embodiment, this fixing method is not particularly limited.
[76]
4 is a view for explaining a crack blocking action of each refractory according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention. Figure 4 (a) is a conceptual diagram showing the appearance of the crack propagation in the refractory material according to the first comparative example of the present invention, Figure 4 (b) is the crack propagation in the refractory material according to the second comparative example of the present invention It is a conceptual diagram showing the appearance of becoming.
[77]
The refractory according to the first comparative example of the present invention is a refractory material composed of only the refractory material 11 and graphite 12. In this case, the microcracks (a) may pass smoothly by bypassing the particles of the refractory material.
[78]
In the refractory material according to the second comparative example of the present invention, the refractory material is composed of a refractory material 11 and graphite 12, and at this time, short nanometer-size or millimeter-sized carbon fibers (b) are dispersed in the refractory material 11 Is placed. In this case, even if the microcracks (a) meet with the short carbon fibers (b), it is easy to scatter or bypass the short carbon fibers (b).
[79]
In addition, in the case of the second comparative example, it is very difficult to uniformly disperse the short carbon fibers (b), and due to the irregular dispersion of the short carbon fibers (b), the elastic modulus of the refractory body 11 is different for each location of the refractory. There is also a problem that is difficult to mold due to loss. In addition, since it is impossible to arrange the arrangement of the short carbon fibers (b) in a desired direction, it is impossible to construct a network of short carbon fibers in a desired structure inside the refractory body.
[80]
Figure 4 (c) shows the blocking action of the micro-cracks (a) in the refractory according to the second embodiment of the present invention. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the frame 20 is a long carbon fiber, and in the refractory body 10, for example, a planar lattice spaced arrangement can be established. Accordingly, even if the fine crack (a) proceeds between the particles of the refractory material 11 and the particles of the graphite 12 forming the matrix of the refractory material, the long carbon fibers cannot be bypassed, so that the growth of the crack a may be suppressed. At this time, even if the microcracks (a) penetrate through the refractory material, they are supported by the long carbon fibers to prevent dropping.
[81]
5 is a view for explaining an action of preventing local drop-off of each refractory according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention compared to a comparative example. 5A and 5B are conceptual diagrams showing a refractory brick 1 including short carbon fibers 2 according to a second comparative example of the present invention. First, it can be seen that the short carbon fibers 2 are not uniformly dispersed in the refractory brick 1 and are partially concentrated. When the crack 3 penetrates through the refractory brick 1, the refractory brick 1 may be separated along the crack 3 and one side may be removed.
[82]
5 (c) and (c) are conceptual diagrams showing an irregular refractory block 4 including a frame such as long carbon fiber 5 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. First, it can be seen that the long carbon fibers 5 extend in the same direction within the irregular refractory block 4 to form one frame group. In this case, even if the crack 6 penetrates the amorphous refractory block 4, the carbon long fibers 5 can be prevented from falling off locally of the amorphous refractory block 4.
[83]
6 is a view for explaining the result of measuring the bending strength of each refractory according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention. 6A is a result of measuring the bending strength of the refractory according to the first comparative example of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a result of measuring the bending strength of the refractory according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the measurement of the bending strength may be performed using, for example, various universal testing machines capable of uniaxially pressing the sample until the material is broken. In the case of the refractory according to the first comparative example of the present invention and the experimental results of the refractory according to the third embodiment, first, it can be seen that the maximum load that the refractory can withstand is increased. It can be seen that the fiber can be used to withstand the load by dividing it into multiple stages. That is, in the case of the third embodiment, it can be seen that the durability is improved compared to the case of the first comparative example.
[84]
7 is a view for explaining the measurement results of the thermal shock durability of each refractory according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention. In this case, the embodiment is the first embodiment, and the comparative example may be the first comparative example.
[85]
In FIG. 7, the bar graph of the drawing shows the number of thermal shock cycles applied until the refractory material is removed according to the graphite content of the refractory material and the presence or absence of carbon long fiber reinforcement. When water-cooling thermal shock is applied to the refractory heated to 1500°C, it can be seen that the cycle increases as the graphite content increases. In the case of the first comparative example not reinforced with carbon filaments, it can be seen that the graphite content is particularly vulnerable to thermal shock when the graphite content is as low as 5 wt%, but in the case of the first embodiment in which the refractory body is reinforced with carbon filaments, the graphite content is 5 wt%. Even when it is low, it can be seen that the thermal shock resistance increases to a level similar to that of the refractory material having a graphite content of 10 wt%. Therefore, it can be seen that the carbon long fiber-reinforced refractory according to the embodiment of the present invention has a greater effect in the refractory material having a graphite content of 10% or less.
[86]
From these results, it is possible to improve the durability of the refractory by reinforcing the refractory by constructing carbon long fibers in the refractory in various structures, thereby suppressing the propagation of cracks in the refractory and preventing local dropout of the refractory. In addition, it is possible to reduce the graphite content of the refractory due to increased resistance to cracking, thereby reducing the amount of carbon components picked up from the refractory into the molten steel.
[87]
As described above, the refractory according to the embodiments of the present invention uses carbon fibers formed of a single fiber (single carbon fiber) and carbon fibers formed of a fiber bundle (carbon fiber bundles), thereby improving the durability of the refractory body 10. It can be said to be a reinforced high-durability refractory.
[88]
More specifically, in the refractory according to the embodiments of the present invention, long carbon fibers formed of a single fiber or long carbon fibers formed of a fiber bundle are arranged in parallel in the same direction in the interior of the refractory body 10, or in the form of a flat grid. By forming a network of long carbon fibers in the refractory body 10 by forming a network of long carbon fibers in the refractory body 10 by being arranged spaced apart or arranged in a space grid, it is said to be a highly durable carbon long fiber-reinforced refractory material that enhances durability by structurally reinforcing the refractory body 10. I can.
[89]
Through this, it is possible to increase the resistance to cracks of the refractory and reduce the graphite content of the refractory. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the carbon component of the refractory from eluting into the molten steel being processed in the facility to which the refractory is applied. In addition, by preventing the refractory from dropping locally, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of problems and shortening of the life of the process equipment due to the occurrence of cracks in the refractory. Accordingly, since the process equipment can be stably operated, it is expected to increase steel productivity and reduce the cost of refractories.
[90]
The above embodiments of the present invention are for explanation of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the configurations and methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention will be modified in various forms by combining or intersecting with each other, and such modified examples can also be viewed as the scope of the present invention. That is, the present invention will be implemented in a variety of different forms within the scope of the claims and the technical idea equivalent thereto, and a person in the technical field to which the present invention corresponds can various embodiments within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention. You will be able to understand.
Claims
[Claim 1]
A refractory body formed in a three-dimensional shape; And a frame disposed inside the refractory material, wherein the frame extends across the interior of the refractory material and is spaced apart from the edge of the refractory material.
[Claim 2]
The refractory according to claim 1, wherein the frame is located at 10% to 90% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory body.
[Claim 3]
The refractory according to claim 1, wherein the frame is located at 10% to 90% of the length from one end to the other end of the refractory in a plurality of axial directions passing through the interior of the refractory.
[Claim 4]
The refractory according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the frame is continuously positioned between 10% and 90% of the length in a direction in which the frame extends.
[Claim 5]
The refractory according to claim 1, wherein the frame comprises carbon fibers formed of at least one of a single fiber and a fiber bundle.
[Claim 6]
The refractory according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the frames are spaced apart from each other in the refractory body.
[Claim 7]
The refractory according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of frames extend in the same direction to form one frame group, or to form a plurality of frame groups extending in different directions.
[Claim 8]
The refractory according to claim 7, wherein when the plurality of frames form the plurality of frame groups, each direction in which the plurality of frame groups extends form an angle of more than 0° and less than 180° to each other.
[Claim 9]
The method according to claim 7, wherein when the plurality of frames form the plurality of frame groups, the plurality of frame groups include a first group extending in a first axis direction and a second group extending in a second axis direction. Refractory.
[Claim 10]
The refractory according to claim 9, wherein when the plurality of frames form the plurality of frame groups, the plurality of frame groups further comprises a third group extending in a third axis direction.
[Claim 11]
The refractory according to claim 6, wherein the interval between the plurality of frames is at least twice the maximum particle size of the refractory.
[Claim 12]
The refractory according to claim 1, wherein the refractory has a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less.
[Claim 13]
The refractory according to claim 1, wherein the refractory material comprises an amorphous refractory block injection-molded into a mold, and the amorphous refractory block comprises a refractory material and graphite.
[Claim 14]
The refractory according to claim 13, wherein the amorphous refractory block contains 1 wt% to 30 wt% of graphite based on the total weight of the amorphous refractory block.
[Claim 15]
The refractory according to claim 1, wherein the refractory material comprises a standard refractory lead formed by pressure in a mold at a pressure of 0.1 to 1.5 ton/cm 2 , and the fixed refractory lead contains a refractory raw material, a binder, and graphite.
[Claim 16]
The refractory according to claim 15, wherein the fixed refractory lead contains 1 wt% to 30 wt% of graphite based on the total weight of the fixed refractory lead.