Title of the invention: A regenerated denitration catalyst, a method for producing the same, and a denitration apparatus.
Technical field
[0001]
The present disclosure relates to a regenerated denitration catalyst, a method for producing the same, and a denitration device.
Background technology
[0002]
Nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as NOx) are contained in the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the boiler, gas turbine, combustion furnace, etc. The ammonia contact reduction method is widely known as a method for removing NOx in exhaust gas. In the ammonia catalytic reduction method, in the presence of a denitration catalyst, ammonia (NH 3) is used as a reducing agent to carry out a denitration reaction that decomposes NOx into harmless nitrogen and water.
[0003]
As a denitration catalyst that promotes the denitration reaction, a catalyst containing titanium oxide as a main component is widely used. The denitration catalyst reduces the denitration performance, which is the reaction rate of the denitration reaction, during long-term use. Degradation of denitration performance is caused by wear due to exposure to combustion exhaust gas containing fine powder, for example, coarsening of catalyst particles due to sintering of the catalyst itself at a denitration reaction temperature of 350 ° C or higher, and catalyst contained in combustion exhaust gas. It is caused by the adhesion of toxic components (alkaline components, arsenic, phosphorus, etc.) and / or calcium. The catalytic toxic component is a substance that acts on the catalyst and deteriorates its performance. The denitration catalyst whose denitration performance has deteriorated is replaced with a new denitration catalyst, and the used denitration catalyst is discarded.
[0004]
From the viewpoint of environmental load and disposal cost associated with disposal, it is desirable to reduce the amount of used denitration catalyst to be discarded. To reduce the amount of waste, it is conceivable to extend the life of the denitration catalyst or reuse the used denitration catalyst.
[0005]
Patent Document 1 specifies a denitration catalyst component containing Bi and P 2O 5, and discloses a denitration catalyst that can be used for a longer period of time than before while reducing an increase in SO 2 oxidation rate.
[0006]
The silicon compound attached to the used denitration catalyst is an inhibitor that causes an increase in SO2 oxidation rate. In Patent Document 2, the silicon compound adhering to the used denitration catalyst is removed with an alkaline aqueous solution and then activated with an acid aqueous solution to apply a slurry-like catalyst component to the surface of the used denitration catalyst. As a result, the denitration performance is restored while suppressing the increase in the SO2 oxidation rate of the used denitration catalyst.
[0007]
In Patent Document 3, powder obtained by crushing a used denitration catalyst is reused as a part of a new raw material for the denitration catalyst.
Prior art literature
Patent documents
[0008]
Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2008/093713
Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-56319
Patent Document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-209355
Outline of the invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
[0009]
As described above, the deterioration of denitration performance occurs due to wear of the denitration catalyst surface, coarsening of catalyst particles due to syntaring, adhesion of catalyst toxic components (alkaline component, arsenic, phosphorus, etc.) and / or calcium. do. The denitration performance of the used denitration catalyst is lower than that of the denitration catalyst before use. Therefore, in the adjustment of the denitration catalyst component including Bi and P2O5 and the application of the slurry-like catalyst component described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the surface area of ​​the used denitration catalyst is reduced due to wear. It is difficult to restore performance. Mixing with the raw material of the new denitration catalyst described in Patent Document 3 may not be sufficient to restore the desired denitration performance.
[0010]
The present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction in which the denitration performance is restored as compared with the used denitration catalyst before regeneration at the time of regeneration of the used denitration catalyst. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing the same, a method for producing the same, and a denitration device.
Means to solve problems
[0011]
In order to solve the above problems, the following means are adopted for the regenerated denitration catalyst for the denitration reaction and the method for producing the same, and the denitration apparatus of the present disclosure.
[0012]
One aspect of the present disclosure is a denitration catalyst used for a denitration reaction that decomposes nitrogen oxides in a gas into nitrogen and water using a reducing agent containing the first titanium oxide as a main component, and the first. Provided is a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction in which a second titanium oxide having a larger specific surface area per unit weight than titanium oxide is mixed.
[0013]
One aspect of the present disclosure is a denitration catalyst powder used for a denitration reaction that decomposes nitrogen oxides in a gas into nitrogen and water using a reducing agent containing the first titanium oxide as a main component, and the above-mentioned first aspect. Provided is a method for producing a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction, which is produced by using a mixed powder obtained by mixing a second titanium oxide having a larger specific surface area per unit weight than the titanium oxide of 1.
The invention's effect
[0014]
According to the present disclosure, when a used denitration catalyst is regenerated, a new denitration catalyst (second titanium oxide) having a larger specific surface area than the used denitration catalyst is used to reduce the amount of the used denitration catalyst due to wear. It is a regenerated denitration catalyst that supplements the surface area and recovers the denitration performance compared to the used denitration catalyst before regeneration.
A brief description of the drawing
[0015]
FIG. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of a regenerated denitration catalyst as an example according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a plate-shaped regenerated denitration catalyst.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a catalyst unit provided with a plate-shaped regenerated denitration catalyst.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a manufacturing process of a regenerated denitration catalyst according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a partial vertical sectional view of a regenerated denitration catalyst as an example according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a manufacturing process of a regenerated denitration catalyst according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the high specific surface area TiO 2 content and the denitration performance and strength.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the addition of phosphorus, the denitration performance of the regenerated denitration catalyst, and SO2 oxidation.
[Fig. 9] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the addition of phosphorus and the strength of the regenerated denitration catalyst.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the addition of a vanadium compound, the denitration performance of a regenerated denitration catalyst, and SO2 oxidation.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a main part of a combustion gas generator provided with a denitration device according to an embodiment according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Embodiment for carrying out the invention
[0016]
The present disclosure relates to a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction, a method for producing the same, and a denitration apparatus. The "regenerated denitration catalyst" is a denitration catalyst newly manufactured using a powder derived from a used denitration catalyst as a raw material. The denitration reaction is a reaction in which nitrogen oxides in a gas are decomposed into nitrogen and water using a reducing agent.
[0017]
The "used denitration catalyst" is a denitration catalyst that has been used in equipment such as coal-fired boilers and whose denitration performance has deteriorated and has been replaced. Replacement criteria can be defined on a per equipment basis. The denitration catalyst used in equipment such as a coal-fired boiler may be a known denitration catalyst containing titanium oxide as a main component.
[0018]
Hereinafter, a regenerated denitration catalyst for the denitration reaction and a method for producing the same, and an embodiment of the denitration apparatus according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
[First Embodiment]
The regenerated denitration catalyst according to the present embodiment includes a used denitration catalyst containing first titanium oxide as a main component and a second titanium oxide. In the regenerated denitration catalyst, the first titanium oxide contained in the used denitration catalyst and the second titanium oxide are mixed. Titanium oxide (first titanium oxide and second titanium oxide) is, for example, in the range of 60% by weight to 85% by weight, preferably 70% by weight to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the regenerated denitration catalyst. It should be contained in the regenerated denitration catalyst.
[0020]
"First titanium oxide" is the name after use of titanium oxide contained in the denitration catalyst before use. "Principal component" refers to the component most abundant in the object. The specific surface area per unit weight of titanium oxide contained in the denitration catalyst before use may be, for example, about 100 m 2 / g. The specific surface area per unit weight of titanium oxide contained in the denitration catalyst before use may be, for example, 200 m 2 / g or more.
[0021]
The first titanium oxide has a smaller specific surface area per unit weight than the second titanium oxide. The specific surface area per unit weight of most of the first titanium oxide may be, for example, 50 m 2 / g or more and less than 100 m 2 / g. In addition, "many" means that the specific surface area distribution of the first titanium oxide is within ± standard deviation 1.5σ, more preferably ± standard deviation 2σ with respect to the average specific surface area. ing.
[0022]
The used denitration catalyst may contain components contained in known denitration catalysts. For example, a used denitration catalyst may contain an active ingredient. The active ingredient is a component containing elements such as molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), vanadium (V), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S). The used denitration catalyst may contain an auxiliary agent such as a binder and a reinforcing material in addition to the active ingredient. Examples of the auxiliary agent include silica sol, dihydrate gypsum, aluminum sulfate, and inorganic fibers.
[0023]
The second titanium oxide has a larger specific surface area per unit weight than the first titanium oxide. The specific surface area of ​​most of the second titanium oxide per unit weight is, for example, 200 m 2 / g or more and 400 m 2 / g or less, and further 350 m 2 / g or more and 400 m 2 / g or less improves the catalytic activity. Preferred in terms of points. In addition, when a second titanium oxide having a larger specific surface area is used, the surface area can be increased with a small amount of mixing as compared with the case where the first titanium oxide is used. Therefore, the content of the first titanium oxide with respect to the total titanium oxide can be easily increased. That is, the amount of used catalyst that can be regenerated can be easily increased. In addition, "many" means that the specific surface area distribution of the second titanium oxide is within ± standard deviation 1.5σ, more preferably ± standard deviation 2σ with respect to the average specific surface area. ing. The second titanium oxide has a higher denitration performance than the first titanium oxide because of its large specific surface area per unit weight.
[0024]
The content of the second titanium oxide with respect to the total titanium oxide in the regenerated denitration catalyst is selected in the range of 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less. The second titanium oxide is more brittle than the first titanium oxide. Therefore, from the viewpoint of improving the strength of the denitration catalyst, the content of the second titanium oxide is preferably selected within the range of 25% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less. Here, the total weight of the first titanium oxide and the second titanium oxide (the weight of the total titanium oxide) is 100% by weight.
[0025]
The regenerated denitration catalyst may contain a predetermined amount of phosphorus or a compound containing phosphorus (phosphorus compound).
[0026]
The regenerated denitration catalyst may contain vanadium or a compound containing vanadium (vanadium compound, for example, vanadium pentoxide (V 2O 5)). The content of vanadium or vanadium compound is preferably 4% by weight or less based on the total weight of the regenerated denitration catalyst.
[0027]
The regenerated denitration catalyst may contain, for example, tungsten (including a tungsten compound), aluminum oxide (including, for example, an aluminum compound such as aluminum oxide), silicon (including, for example, a silicon compound such as silicon dioxide) and the like. ..
[0028]
FIG. 1 illustrates a partial vertical cross section of the regenerated denitration catalyst. As shown in FIG. 1, the regenerated denitration catalyst 1 may have a configuration including a plate-shaped base material 2 and a catalyst layer 3 supported on the plate-shaped base material 2.
[0029]
The plate-shaped base material 2 may have a structure in which the supported catalyst layer 3 is hard to peel off. For example, those having a plurality of holes on the entire plate surface such as metal lath and punching metal, those having small irregularities on the surface such as a blasted plate, and linear materials such as non-woven fabric and wire mesh. Can be used as the plate-shaped base material 2 or the like, which is formed into a plate shape using the above.
[0030]
The plate-shaped base material 2 is preferably made of a heat-resistant material such as stainless steel, glass, and ceramics. In the present embodiment, a stainless steel metal lath is preferably used as the plate-shaped base material 2.
[0031]
FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a plate-shaped regenerated denitration catalyst. In Figure 3 , An example is a catalyst unit provided with a plate-shaped regenerated denitration catalyst.
[0032]
In FIG. 2, the regenerated denitration catalyst 1 (the plate-shaped base material 2 contained therein) has a flat portion 4 and a linear spacer portion 5. The flat portion 4 and the linear spacer portion 5 are arranged alternately. The plate-shaped base material 2 can be manufactured from a flat original plate. The linear spacer portion 5 can be formed by forming a flat original plate by, for example, press bending.
[0033]
The catalyst layer 3 is a layer containing the first titanium oxide of the used denitration catalyst and the second titanium oxide having a larger specific surface area per unit weight than the first titanium oxide. The catalyst layer 3 may contain tungsten (including a tungsten compound), aluminum (including, for example, an aluminum compound such as aluminum oxide), silicon (including, for example, a silicon compound such as silicon dioxide) and the like. The catalyst layer 3 may contain molybdenum, glass fiber, or the like. In FIG. 1, the catalyst layer 3 is supported on both surfaces of the plate-shaped base material 2.
[0034]
The catalyst unit 6 of FIG. 3 is formed by accommodating a plurality of plate-shaped regenerated denitration catalysts 1 in a unit frame 7. In the catalyst unit 6, the flat portion 4 of the arbitrary plate-shaped regenerated denitration catalyst 1 is superposed so that the linear spacer portion 5 of another adjacent plate-shaped regenerated denitration catalyst 1 is in contact with the flat portion 4.
[0035]
Next, a method for producing the regenerated denitration catalyst according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of the manufacturing process.
[0036]
The production method according to the present embodiment includes (S1) acquisition of used denitration catalyst powder, (S2) preparation of kneaded product, (S3) coating, (S4) drying and (S5) firing.
[0037]
(S1) Acquisition of used denitration catalyst powder
Obtain the used denitration catalyst powder from the used denitration catalyst containing the first titanium oxide. Already pulverized used denitration catalyst powder may be obtained.
[0038]
It is preferable to use a used denitration catalyst that does not contain a base material. The "base material" is a metal plate such as stainless steel or a wire mesh. As the used denitration catalyst, it is preferable to use a denitration catalyst composed of only the denitration catalyst component. The "denitration catalyst component" is a main component that functions as a catalyst for the denitration reaction, an active ingredient that activates the denitration reaction, an auxiliary agent, and the like.
[0039]
For example, the honeycomb-shaped denitration catalyst has a form that does not contain a base material, and the denitration catalyst component is extruded. In the denitration catalyst in a form that does not contain a base material, the used denitration catalyst powder is crushed after removing impurities such as oil and sulfur adhering to the surface of the denitration catalyst having a honeycomb structure by cleaning treatment, or by crushing as it is. You can get a body.
[0040]
Crushing can be performed by a method using a hammer mill, a roller mill, a ball mill, an air flow crusher, or the like.
[0041]
The particle size of the used denitration catalyst powder is preferably equal to or less than the threshold value. The threshold value is an arbitrary value in the range of 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less. The smaller the particle size of the used denitration catalyst powder, the easier it is for the dust adhering to the used denitration catalyst to separate from the catalyst powder, which is preferable. The particle size of the used denitration catalyst powder is preferably 0.1 mm or less. If the particle size is larger than 1.0 mm, the dust and the catalyst powder are difficult to separate, the performance of the used denitration catalyst powder is lowered, and the strength of the regenerated denitration catalyst obtained after firing may be lowered.
[0042]
(S2) Preparation of kneaded product
Add the second titanium oxide or the secondary denitration catalyst powder containing the second titanium oxide to the used denitration catalyst powder and mix them. The second titanium oxide has a larger specific surface area per unit weight than the first titanium oxide. The secondary denitration catalyst powder may contain molybdenum, glass fiber, or the like. The secondary denitration catalyst powder may contain tungsten (including a tungsten compound), aluminum (including, for example, an aluminum compound such as aluminum oxide), silicon (including, for example, a silicon compound such as silicon dioxide) and the like.
[0043]
The second titanium oxide contained in the second titanium oxide or the secondary denitration catalyst powder is 10% by weight based on the total weight of the first titanium oxide and the second titanium oxide contained in the used denitration catalyst powder. It may be added so as to be 90% by weight or more, preferably 25% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less.
[0044]
It is preferable to further add phosphorus or a phosphorus compound to the mixed powder in which the used denitration catalyst powder and the second titanium oxide or the secondary denitration catalyst powder containing the second titanium oxide are mixed. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 described later, increasing the amount of phosphorus added tends to reduce the SO2 oxidation rate and improve the strength of the regenerated denitration catalyst. The amount of phosphorus (or phosphorus compound) added may be selected as desired so that the desired effect can be obtained. A catalytically active ingredient such as vanadium (including vanadium compound) may be further added to the mixed powder. The amount of vanadium added may be such that vanadium (including the vanadium compound) is contained in an amount of more than 0% by weight and 4% by weight or less based on the total amount of the mixed powder.
[0045]
Add a solvent such as water to the mixed powder and knead. If the amount of solvent is large, the kneaded product becomes a paste. When the amount of solvent is small, the kneaded product becomes slurry-like.
[0046]
(S3) Application
Apply the paste of the kneaded material on the plate-shaped base material. (When the kneaded product is in the form of a slurry, "coating" means impregnating the plate-shaped base material.) The thickness of the applied kneaded product may be 0.5 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less. .. The "thickness of the kneaded product" is the average of the distances from the surface of the plate-like base material to the outer surface of the applied kneaded product.
[0047]
(S4) Drying
Dry the plate-shaped base material coated with the kneaded material. The kneaded product can be naturally dried, for example, by allowing it to stand at room temperature.
[0048]
(S5) Firing
After drying, it is fired at a high temperature of 300 ° C or higher in an inert gas atmosphere.
[0049]
In the above (S1), the used denitration catalyst may be washed with water or a chemical solution by a known method before pulverization.
[0050]
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 5 illustrates a partial cross section of the regenerated denitration catalyst according to the present embodiment. In the regenerated denitration catalyst 10 according to the present embodiment, an active layer 11 for activating the catalyst layer 3 is provided on the surface of the catalyst layer 3 of the first embodiment. The active layer 11 contains vanadium (including a vanadium compound) and at least one of tungsten (including a tungsten compound) and molybdenum (including a molybdenum compound).
[0051]
FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of the manufacturing process according to this embodiment. The manufacturing method according to this embodiment includes (S11) acquisition of used denitration catalyst powder, (S12) preparation of kneaded product, (S13) coating, (S14) coating treatment (S15) drying and (S16) firing. include.
[0052]
Since the above (S11) to (S13), (S15) and (S16) are the same steps as (S1) to (S5) of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
[0053]
(S14) Coating treatment
Vanadium (including vanadium compound) and at least one of molybdenum (including molybdenum compound) and tungsten (including tungsten compound) are coated on the kneaded product applied on the plate-shaped substrate.
[0054]
The coating thickness should be 10 μm or more and 400 μm or less. If the coating thickness is less than 10 μm, the effect of catalytic activity cannot be sufficiently obtained. Even if the coating thickness exceeds 400 μm, the effect of the catalytic activity cannot be further increased, and the denitration performance of the catalyst layer containing the first titanium oxide and the second titanium oxide is deteriorated.
For example, if the desired coating thickness cannot be obtained by one coating treatment, the coating treatment may be performed multiple times.
[0055]
Vanadium (including vanadium compound) and at least one of molybdenum (including molybdenum compound) and tungsten (including tungsten compound) are mixed and adjusted into a slurry. The surface of the regenerated denitration catalyst is coated by immersing the regeneration denitration catalyst in the slurry.
[0056]
Next, the content of the second titanium oxide and the action and effect of the addition of phosphorus, vanadium, etc. will be described.
[0057]
(Content rate of the second titanium oxide)
A regenerated denitration catalyst was produced from titanium oxide (TIM 2), vanadium pentoxide (V 2O 5), phosphorus and the like according to the first embodiment. The following were used as the used denitration catalyst, the auxiliary denitration catalyst powder, and the plate-like substrate.
[0058]
Used denitration catalyst:
TiO 2 (first titanium oxide) about 75 wt%, V 2O 5 about 0.5 wt%, others about 24.5 wt%
Specific surface area of ​​TiO 2 (first titanium oxide) 50 m 2 / g to 80 m 2 / g
Honeycomb shape
Secondary denitration catalyst powder:
TiO 2 (second titanium oxide) about 80 wt%, others 20 wt%
Specific surface area of ​​TiO 2 (second titanium oxide) 200 m 2 / g to 300 m 2 / g
Plate-shaped base material:
Made of stainless steel (plate thickness 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm)
Phosphorus: (arbitrary amount)
Vanadium (V 2O 5): (0.5 wt% to 3.0 wt%)
[0059]
The used honeycomb-shaped catalyst was pulverized to a particle size of 0.1 mm or less to obtain a used denitration catalyst powder. A secondary denitration catalyst powder, phosphorus and vanadium were added to the used denitration catalyst powder to obtain a mixed powder. The amount of the second titanium oxide (high specific surface area TiO 2) added to the mixed powder was such that the content of the high specific surface area TiO 2 in the total TiO 2 was a predetermined weight (wt)%. The amount of vanadium (V 2O 5) and phosphorus added in the mixed powder was kept constant. Although vanadium pentoxide (V 2O 5) was used as vanadium, the same amount of vanadium as the vanadium contained in the vanadium pentoxide used or another vanadium compound containing the same amount of vanadium may be used.
[0060]
The mixed powder was kneaded with water to prepare a paste-like kneaded product. The kneaded product was applied to the surface of the plate-shaped substrate (thickness: 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm), and then naturally dried at room temperature. Then, it was calcined at a high temperature of 300 ° C. or higher in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a regenerated denitration catalyst.
[0061]
FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the content of the second titanium oxide (high specific surface area TiO 2) and the denitration performance with a solid line, and the relationship with the strength of wear resistance with a broken line. In the figure, the horizontal axis shows the content of high specific surface area TiO 2 in the total TiO 2 contained in the mixed powder (wt%), the vertical axis (left) shows the denitration performance by the denitration ratio, and the vertical axis (right). Shows the strength of the wear resistance of the denitration catalyst as a strength ratio. In FIG. 7, the denitration ratio and the strength ratio are different from the case where the denitration performance (denitration rate) and the wear resistance strength of the regenerated denitration catalyst having a high specific surface area TiO 2 content of 100 wt% (new) are 1. Is a standard value expressed as a ratio.
[0062]
According to FIG. 7, the denitration performance improved as the content of the high specific surface area TiO 2 increased. By containing 10 wt% or more of high specific surface area TiO 2, denitration performance of 95% or more with a high specific surface area TiO 2 content of 100 wt% (new) was obtained. Further, when the high specific surface area TiO 2 was contained in an amount of 25 wt% or more, the denitration performance was 98% or more when the content of the high specific surface area TiO 2 was 100 wt% (new).
[0063]
On the other hand, according to FIG. 7, as the content of high specific surface area TiO 2 increased, the strength of wear resistance decreased. From this, it was suggested that the amount of high specific surface area TiO 2 added should be set in consideration of the balance between the denitration performance and the strength of wear resistance.
[0064]
From the viewpoint of ensuring the strength of wear resistance, it is preferable that the content of high specific surface area TiO 2 does not exceed 90 wt%. From the viewpoint of reuse of the used denitration catalyst, the content of high specific surface area TiO 2 is preferably 50 wt% or less. When the exhaust gas contains solid matter such as combustion ash, it is preferable that the content of high specific surface area TiO 2 is 50 wt% or less in order to secure higher wear resistance strength.
[0065]
From the above, the content of high specific surface area TiO 2 is 10 wt% or more and 90 wt% or less.It can be said that it is preferably 25 wt% or more and 50 wt% or less. The content of the high specific surface area TiO 2 is set within the above range so as to satisfy the degree of deterioration of the denitration performance of the used denitration catalyst, the denitration performance and the strength of wear resistance required for the equipment in which the regenerated denitration catalyst is used. It should be done.
[0066]
(Addition of phosphorus)
A regenerated denitration catalyst was produced according to the first embodiment, and the effect of the addition of phosphorus was evaluated.
[0067]
Used denitration catalyst:
TiO 2 (first titanium oxide) about 75 wt%, V 2O 5 about 0.5 wt%, others 24.5 wt%
Specific surface area of ​​TiO 2 (first titanium oxide) 50 m 2 / g to 80 m 2 / g
Honeycomb shape
Secondary denitration catalyst powder:
TiO 2 (second titanium oxide) about 80 wt%, others 20 wt%
Specific surface area of ​​TiO 2 (second titanium oxide) 200 m 2 / g to 300 m 2 / g
Plate-shaped base material:
Made of stainless steel (plate thickness 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm)
Phosphorus: (arbitrary amount)
Vanadium (V 2O 5): (0.5 wt% to 3.0 wt%)
[0068]
The used honeycomb-shaped catalyst was pulverized to a particle size of 0.1 mm or less to obtain a used denitration catalyst powder. A secondary denitration catalyst powder, phosphorus and vanadium were added to the used denitration catalyst powder to obtain a mixed powder. The amount of the second titanium oxide (high specific surface area TiO 2) added to the mixed powder was such that the content of the high specific surface area TiO 2 in the total TiO 2 was a predetermined weight (wt)%. The amount of vanadium and phosphorus added in the mixed powder was kept constant.
[0069]
The mixed powder was kneaded with water to prepare a paste-like kneaded product. The kneaded product was applied to the surface of the plate-shaped substrate (thickness: 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm), and then naturally dried at room temperature. Then, it was calcined at a high temperature of 300 ° C. or higher in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a regenerated denitration catalyst.
[0070]
FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the addition of phosphorus and the denitration performance of the regenerated denitration catalyst by a alternate long and short dash line, and the relationship with the SO2 oxidation rate by a solid line. In the figure, the horizontal axis is the phosphorus (P) content ratio, and the vertical axis is the change ratio. The change ratio is a standard value representing the difference between the denitration rate and the SO2 oxidation rate of the regenerated denitration catalyst to which an arbitrary amount of phosphorus is added as a ratio.
[0071]
Some equipment (boilers, etc.) to which the regenerated denitration catalyst is applied uses coal with a high sulfur content or heavy fuel oil C as fuel. Exhaust gas produced by burning these fuels contains sulfur dioxide (SO 2).
[0072]
When the exhaust gas containing SO 2 is treated by the ammonia catalytic reduction method, an oxidation reaction from SO 2 to SO 3 occurs at the same time as the reaction of reducing and removing NOx. The increase in SO 3 can cause corrosion and blockage of the contact portion with the exhaust gas in various devices such as heat exchangers arranged in the wake. Therefore, it is desirable to suppress the progress of the oxidation reaction from SO 2 to SO 3.
[0073]
FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the amount of phosphorus added and the strength of the wear resistance of the regenerated denitration catalyst with a solid line. In the figure, the horizontal axis is the phosphorus (P) content ratio, and the vertical axis is the change ratio. The change ratio is a standard value representing the difference when the wear resistance strength of the regenerated denitration catalyst to which an arbitrary amount of phosphorus is added is 1.
[0074]
According to FIG. 8, the more phosphorus was contained, the lower the denitration performance and the SO2 oxidation rate. According to FIG. 9, the more phosphorus is contained, the higher the strength of wear resistance is.
[0075]
In the regenerated denitration catalyst, it is preferable that the SO 2 oxidation rate is low, but the strength of denitration performance and wear resistance is high. From FIGS. 8 and 9, it was suggested that the amount of phosphorus added should be set in consideration of the balance between the denitration performance, the SO2 oxidation rate and the strength of wear resistance.
[0076]
According to the diligent studies of the present inventors, by adjusting the amount of phosphorus added in the regenerated denitration catalyst, the increase in SO 2 oxidation rate is suppressed, and the required denitration performance and wear resistance are strong. It has been confirmed that
[0077]
(Addition of vanadium)
A regenerated denitration catalyst was produced according to the first embodiment, and the effect of addition of vanadium (including vanadium compound, in this embodiment, vanadium compound: V 2O 5) was evaluated.
[0078]
Used denitration catalyst:
TiO 2 (first titanium oxide) about 75 wt%, V 2O 5 about 0.5 wt%, others 24.5 wt%
Specific surface area of ​​TiO 2 (first titanium oxide) 50 m 2 / g to 80 m 2 / g
Honeycomb shape
Secondary denitration catalyst powder:
TiO 2 (second titanium oxide) about 80 wt%, others 20 wt%
Specific surface area of ​​TiO 2 (second titanium oxide) 200 m 2 / g to 300 m 2 / g
Plate-shaped base material:
Made of stainless steel (plate thickness 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm)
Phosphorus: (arbitrary amount)
Vanadium (V 2O 5): (0.5 wt% to 3.0 wt%)
[0079]
The used honeycomb-shaped catalyst was pulverized to a particle size of 0.1 mm or less to obtain a used denitration catalyst powder. A secondary denitration catalyst powder, phosphorus and vanadium (V 2O 5) were added to the used denitration catalyst powder to obtain a mixed powder. The amount of the second titanium oxide (high specific surface area TiO 2) and phosphorus added to the mixed powder was kept constant. The amount of vanadium (V 2O 5) added to the mixed powder was varied.
[0080] [0080]
The mixed powder was kneaded with water to prepare a paste-like kneaded product. The kneaded product was applied to the surface of the plate-shaped substrate (thickness: 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm), and then naturally dried at room temperature. Then, it was calcined at a high temperature of 300 ° C. under an inert atmosphere to obtain a regenerated denitration catalyst.
[0081]
FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the addition of a vanadium compound (for example, vanadium pentoxide (V 2O 5)) and the denitration performance (broken line) and SO2 oxidation rate (solid line) of the regenerated denitration catalyst. In the figure, the horizontal axis is V 2O 5 (wt%) in the total weight of the regenerated denitration catalyst, and the vertical axis is the change ratio. The change ratio of denitration is a standard value representing the difference when the denitration rate of V 2O 5 0.5 wt% is 1. The change ratio of SO 2 oxidation is a standard value representing the difference when the SO 2 oxidation rate of V 2O 5 0.5 wt% is 1.
[0082]
According to FIG. 10, as the content of V 2O 5 increased, the denitration performance and the SO 2 oxidation rate tended to increase. From this, it was confirmed that the addition of V 2O 5 can improve the denitration performance, but increases the SO 2 oxidation rate. According to the diligent studies by the present inventors, it has been obtained that the content of vanadium in the catalyst layer is preferably 4 wt% or less. More preferably, the content of vanadium in the catalyst layer is 3 wt% or less, which greatly improves the denitration performance per unit amount. Even if the vanadium content is increased in excess of 4 wt%, the denitration performance is hardly improved and the SO2 oxidation rate is significantly increased, which is not preferable.
[0083]
Hereinafter, the denitration apparatus 20 in which the regenerated denitration catalyst of one embodiment according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is adopted will be described. FIG. 11 shows a denitration device 20 including a regenerated denitration catalyst according to an embodiment and peripheral devices thereof.
[0084]
In FIG. 11, the denitration device 20 is installed in a duct 32, which is a path through which the combustion gas generated by the combustion gas generation device 30, which will be described later, passes as exhaust gas after heat exchange with the medium flowing in the heat exchanger 31. Has been done. That is, the denitration device 20 is installed on the wake side of the heat exchanger 31 in the combustion gas flow in the duct 32.
[0085]
The combustion gas generation device 30 is a device that generates combustion gas containing nitrogen oxides by burning combustion fuel. The combustion gas generator 30 is, for example, a boiler, a gas turbine, a combustion furnace, or the like.
[0086]
A combustion gas discharge line 33 to which the combustion gas (exhaust gas) discharged from the combustion gas generation device 30 is guided is connected to the duct 32. In the duct 32, the heat exchanger 31 and the denitration device 20 are arranged in order from the upstream side (left side shown in FIG. 11) of the exhaust gas flow. The duct 32 may be further provided with another heat exchanger on the downstream side of the exhaust gas flow.
[0087]
The heat exchanger 31 generates steam by exchanging heat between the medium (water supply or steam) supplied inside and the combustion gas of the combustion gas generator 30. The combustion gas passing through the duct 32 is heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 31, and then the harmful substances (nitrogen oxides) contained in the combustion gas are removed by the denitration device 20, purified and heat is recovered. The exhaust gas whose temperature has dropped is discharged to the atmosphere from a chimney (not shown) connected to the downstream side of the exhaust gas flow of the denitration device 20.
[0088]
Next, the denitration device 20 according to the present embodiment will be described.
The denitration device 20 shown in FIG. 11 includes an ammonia injection device 22 and a regenerated denitration catalyst 21 in order from the upstream side of the combustion gas flow. The denitration device 20 is installed inside the duct 32 and has a structure in which the combustion gas passes through the regenerative denitration catalyst 21.
[0089]
The ammonia injection device 22 is connected to an ammonia gas line 23 that supplies ammonia gas and a dilution air supply line 24 that supplies air (diluting air) for diluting ammonia gas to a concentration appropriate for the denitration reaction. ing. A valve 25 is installed in the ammonia gas line 23, and the flow rate of the ammonia gas can be adjusted.
[0090]
The dilution air supply line 24 and the ammonia gas line 23 merge at the confluence X. The diluting air supplied by the diluting air supply line 24 and the ammonia gas supplied by the ammonia gas line 23 are mixed at the confluence X to become an ammonia mixed gas, which is supplied to the ammonia injection device 22. ..
[0091]
The ammonia mixed gas is sprayed into the duct 32 by being injected from a nozzle (not shown) of the ammonia injection device 22. The sprayed ammonia mixed gas is mixed with the combustion gas flowing in the duct 32 and passes through the regenerated denitration catalyst 21 installed on the downstream side of the ammonia injection device 22.
[0092]
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is used to remove harmful substances (nitrogen oxides). When the combustion gas mixed with the ammonia mixed gas passes through the regenerated denitration catalyst 21, nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the combustion gas are decomposed into nitrogen and water vapor having no environmental load by a chemical reaction.
[0093]

The regenerated denitration catalyst and the method for producing the regenerated denitration catalyst described in each of the above-described embodiments are grasped as follows, for example.
[0094]
The regenerated denitration catalyst according to the present disclosure includes a denitration catalyst that contains the first titanium oxide as a main component and has been used for the denitration reaction that decomposes nitrogen oxides in a gas into nitrogen and water using a reducing agent, and the above-mentioned first. A second titanium oxide having a larger specific surface area per unit weight than the titanium oxide of 1 is mixed.
[0095]
The first titanium oxide contained in the denitration catalyst has lower denitration performance than before use due to coarsening of catalyst particles due to sintering during use in the denitration reaction at a denitration reaction temperature of, for example, 350 ° C. or higher. is doing. The second titanium oxide has a higher denitration performance than the first titanium oxide because of its large specific surface area per unit weight. By mixing the second titanium oxide, it is possible to compensate for the decrease in the denitration performance of the first titanium oxide and restore the denitration performance as a regenerated denitration catalyst.
[0096]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, the content of the second titanium oxide with respect to the total weight of the first titanium oxide and the second titanium oxide is 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less, preferably 25% by weight or more. It is 50% by weight or less.
[0097]
By containing 10% by weight or more of the second titanium oxide, the regenerated denitration catalyst has a denitration performance of 95% or more of a new denitration catalyst manufactured using only the second titanium oxide (without using the first titanium oxide). Can be obtained. When 25% by weight or more of the second titanium oxide is contained, the obtained denitration performance is 98% or more of the new denitration catalyst produced only with the second titanium oxide (without using the first titanium oxide).
[0098]
Acid with a large specific surface area per unit weight In order to manufacture a denitration catalyst using titanium oxide, it is necessary to add a large amount of solvent in the manufacturing process. When a large amount of solvent is added, the regenerated denitration catalyst obtained after firing has a porous structure. If a large number of pores are contained, the strength of wear resistance decreases. Therefore, if the content of the second titanium oxide becomes too high, the catalyst strength may decrease. Specifically, if the content of the second titanium oxide exceeds 90%, the catalyst strength may decrease. In the above disclosure, the content of the second titanium oxide is preferably 50% by weight or less. As a result, sufficient denitration performance can be ensured while maintaining the strength of wear resistance.
[0099]
The higher the reuse rate of the used denitration catalyst, the lower the manufacturing cost and disposal cost. Since the content of the used denitration catalyst and the content of the second titanium oxide are in a trade-off relationship, the content of the used denitration catalyst decreases as the content of the second titanium oxide increases, and the product is used. The reuse rate of the denitration catalyst that has already been used decreases. Therefore, it is preferable that the amount of the second titanium oxide added is small. In the above disclosure, by setting the content of the second titanium oxide to 90% by weight or less, preferably 50% by weight or less, a large amount of used denitration catalyst can be recycled, so that manufacturing cost and disposal cost can be suppressed.
[0100]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, the above-mentioned predetermined amount of phosphorus or a compound containing phosphorus may be contained.
[0101]
The catalyst strength can be improved by including phosphorus or a compound containing phosphorus. Therefore, it is possible to compensate for the decrease in wear resistance due to the inclusion of the second titanium oxide having a large specific surface area.
[0102]
By including phosphorus or a compound containing phosphorus, an increase in SO2 oxidation rate can be suppressed.
[0103]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, it is desirable that the used denitration catalyst is derived from a honeycomb-shaped denitration catalyst.
[0104]
The plate-shaped denitration catalyst contains a base material inside the catalyst. The base material is a metal plate or wire mesh, and it is difficult to crush it as it is. Even if pulverization is performed, it is difficult to recover the catalyst component such as vanadium from the surface of the metal plate. On the other hand, the denitration catalyst having a honeycomb-like structure is a molded body composed of only the denitration catalyst component. If it is a honeycomb-shaped denitration catalyst that does not contain a base material such as a metal plate, it can be regenerated by cleaning it to remove impurities such as deposits on the surface of the honeycomb-shaped denitration catalyst and then crushing it or crushing it as it is. The material of the denitration catalyst can be easily obtained.
[0105]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, the used denitration catalyst and the second titanium oxide are provided with a plate-shaped base material (2) and a catalyst layer (3) supported on the plate-shaped base material. It may be contained in the catalyst layer.
[0106]
In the regenerated denitration catalyst in one aspect of the above disclosure, the base material is responsible for most of the shape maintenance. As a result, the standard of moldability required for the catalyst layer becomes looser than that of the denitration catalyst having a honeycomb-like structure that does not contain a base material, so that the degree of freedom in material adjustment is increased. Further, since the plate-shaped base material has a simpler structure than the honeycomb-shaped structure, it is easy to apply the kneaded product and the manufacturing process is simplified.
[0107]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, the active layer (11) may be provided on the surface of the catalyst layer, and the active layer may contain vanadium and at least one of molybdenum and tungsten.
[0108]
By arranging vanadium and at least one of molybdenum and tungsten on the surface, denitration performance can be improved.
[0109]
In the method for producing a regenerated denitration catalyst according to the present disclosure, the denitration catalyst powder used for the denitration reaction in which nitrogen oxides in a gas are decomposed into nitrogen and water using a reducing agent containing the first titanium oxide as a main component. A mixed powder obtained by mixing the body and the second titanium oxide having a larger specific surface area per unit weight than the first titanium oxide is used (S2).
[0110]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, the second titanium oxide may be mixed in an amount of 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less with respect to the total weight of the first titanium oxide and the second titanium oxide.
[0111]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, a predetermined amount of phosphorus or a compound containing phosphorus may be added to the mixed powder.
[0112]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, it is desirable to pulverize the used denitration catalyst having a honeycomb structure to obtain the used denitration catalyst powder.
[0113]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, a kneaded product obtained by kneading the mixed powder and a solvent may be applied onto a plate-shaped substrate.
[0114]
In one aspect of the above disclosure, vanadium (including a vanadium compound), molybdenum (including a molybdenum compound), and tungsten (including a tungsten compound) are formed on the surface of the kneaded product coated on the plate-shaped substrate. A step of coating at least one of them may be included.
[0115]
The denitration device according to the present disclosure includes an ammonia injection device (22) that sprays an ammonia mixed gas in which an ammonia gas and a diluting air are mixed in a path through which a gas containing a nitrogen oxide flows, and the ammonia injection device. The regenerated denitration catalyst (1,10,21) for the denitration reaction according to any one of the above disclosures, which is installed on the downstream side of the gas flow and performs the denitration reaction with the gas and the ammonia mixed gas, is provided.
Code description
[0116]
1,10,21 Regenerated denitration catalyst
2 Plate-shaped base material
3 Catalyst layer
4 Flat part
5 Strip spacer part
6 Catalyst unit
7 Unit frame
11 Active layer
20 Denitration device
22 Ammonia injection device
23 Ammonia gas line
24 Air supply line for dilution
25 valve
30 Combustion gas generator
31 Heat exchanger
32 duct
33 Combustion gas discharge line
The scope of the claims
[Claim 1]
A denitration catalyst used for the denitration reaction that decomposes nitrogen oxides in gas into nitrogen and water using a reducing agent containing the first titanium oxide as a main component.
The second titanium oxide, which has a larger specific surface area per unit weight than the first titanium oxide,
Regenerated denitration catalyst for denitration reaction in which is mixed.
[Claim 2]
The regenerated denitration for the denitration reaction according to claim 1, wherein the content of the second titanium oxide with respect to the total weight of the first titanium oxide and the second titanium oxide is 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less. catalyst.
[Claim 3]
The regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises a predetermined amount of phosphorus or a compound containing phosphorus.
[Claim 4]
The regenerated denitration catalyst for the denitration reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the used denitration catalyst is derived from the denitration catalyst having a honeycomb structure.
[Claim 5]
A plate-shaped base material and a catalyst layer supported on the plate-shaped base material are provided.
The regenerated denitration catalyst for the denitration reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the used denitration catalyst and the second titanium oxide are contained in the catalyst layer.
[Claim 6]
An active layer is provided on the surface of the catalyst layer,
The regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction according to claim 5, wherein the active layer contains vanadium and at least one of molybdenum and tungsten.
[Claim 7]
A denitration catalyst powder used for a denitration reaction that decomposes nitrogen oxides in a gas into nitrogen and water using a reducing agent containing the first titanium oxide as a main component, and a unit larger than that of the first titanium oxide. A method for producing a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction, which is produced by using a mixed powder in which a second titanium oxide having a large specific surface area per weight is mixed.
[Claim 8]
The regenerated denitration for the denitration reaction according to claim 7, wherein the second titanium oxide is mixed in an amount of 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less with respect to the total weight of the first titanium oxide and the second titanium oxide. How to make a catalyst.
[Claim 9]
The method for producing a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a predetermined amount of phosphorus or a compound containing phosphorus is added to the mixed powder.
[Claim 10]
The method for producing a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the used denitration catalyst having a honeycomb structure is crushed to obtain the used denitration catalyst powder.
[Claim 11]
The method for producing a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the kneaded product obtained by kneading the mixed powder and the solvent is applied onto a plate-shaped substrate.
[Claim 12]
The production of a regenerated denitration catalyst for a denitration reaction according to claim 11, which comprises a step of coating the surface of the kneaded product coated on the plate-shaped substrate with vanadium and at least one of molybdenum and tungsten. Method.
[Claim 13]
An ammonia injection device that sprays an ammonia mixed gas, which is a mixture of ammonia gas and diluting air, in the path through which the gas containing nitrogen oxides flows.
The regenerated denitration catalyst for the denitration reaction according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is installed on the downstream side of the gas flow of the ammonia injection device and performs a denitration reaction with the gas and the ammonia mixed gas. A denitration device equipped with.