Field of Invention
Since the tunnel and its associated 168-meter (550-foot) steel penstock are the only water passages to the two.-unit generation facility, every intrusive examination necessitates an outage, therefore the best inspection procedure minimizes plant downtime. Inspections have included an extensive and expensive dewatered tunnel walkthrough, an underwater inspection using industrial divers and hand-held footage, and, most recently, three regular inspections using three separate models of Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) provided by manufacturer services. Offshore oil and gas platforms have a limited production life. As development ceases, the platform's decommissioning choices are examined. The function of a platform's jacket as fish refuge will influence the decision to decommission it. We compared estimates of fish diversityand densities determined from a targeted "biological" survey with those determined from a repeated "structural" survey in this report, which was performed along the crossbeams of a California platform jacket and using a ROV. We discovered that the assemblages of water column fish species characterized by the two approaches were identical. Significant numbers of fishes were not visible because the structural approach inadequately imaged the seafloor-crossbeam interface, especially where a distance existed between crossbeam and seafloor. Though we cannot generalize the results of this study to all platforms worldwide, it is obvious that routine platform structural integrity surveys may be a reliable source for opportunistic marine population surveys.

Background of Invention
Threats to marine habitats are at an all-time high. To counter these challenges, baseline information on the status of habitats is needed. Ecosystem evaluations may be performed on a range of scales using multiple methodologies or a mixture of them. Despite these various innovations, most aquatic ecosystems do not have detailed ecosystem surveys. Remotely controlled vehicles (ROVs) allow for small- to meso-scale ecological surveying without any of the limitations of widely used methodologies such as scuba diving. The introduction of low-cost ROV models broadens the technology's usability to a wide range of consumer classes. We also assessed the Trident's potential to provide high resolution ecological data to inform a marine usage planning process. Despite certain drawbacks, such as poor manoeuvrability in moderate to high current conditions and thick kelp fields, we considered the Trident to be a capable instrument for performing comprehensive marine surveying. We were able to record 14 of 25 culturally significant species as well as 28 algae and seaweed species. We were also able to recognize high-stress areas that may benefit from potential reconstruction projects.

1. Battery
2. DC Motor-4
3. Wi-Fi Module
4. RASPBERRY PI
5. Micro Controller
6. Camera Unit
7. Smartphone
8. BlynkApp
9. Server

Summary of Invention
ROVs generate easily replicable, high-quality results, and recent technical advances and crowdfunding ventures have reduced the expense of obtaining and hiring ROVs. The prefabricated Trident ROV weights 3.485 kg and is connected to a tether, which allows the pilot to livestream video onto a smartphone or controller. The tether is accessible in 25 and 100 m lengths. Continuous video capture at 720- or 1080-pixel resolution is possible, and the date and time are automatically recorded. The battery lasts around 3.5 hours. Technology is continuously being revised, and more sophisticated features such as flight stability and regional marking are likely to become available in the near future.
The underwater observation equipment, known as a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV), was previously built, but it was constrained by the fact that it was not hydrodynamic due to the special conditions of the Sunda Strait waters. This research aims to enhance the design structure of the ROV body in order to further evolve the previously existing ROV. Project screening and concept scoring were used to pick design ideas. Using screening matrices, the original definition was tested relative to the same preferences. Concept Scoring, on the other hand, was carried out by assessing the relative success rating, which was the assessment used to determine how the relation between concepts and number was carried out. The research yielded the chosen design principle, which was a small ROV with streamlined / half-streamlined body geometry and a rear-middle rotor configuration as a motion part of hydrodynamic 3 DOF (surge, heave, and yaw).
As part of activities to consider and track the destructive effects of climate change, rapidly and repeatedly determining the health status of coral reefs is becoming an increasingly pressing concern. The mixture of rising ocean temperatures, acidification, and the frequency of intense storms threatens to change the aquatic ecosystem beyond what fragile species, such as coral, can tolerate. As a result, it is critical to develop technology and established methods for providing a measure or indication of the welfare of these species. Coral scientists are now using a range of surveys and methods to obtain insight into the condition and evaluation of coral reefs.
Leading to their advanced age and a lack of maintenance and replacements, many aging hydroelectric tunnels have suffered severe issues, including some collapses. After a time of initial service, new hydroelectric tunnels must still be tested to ensure the adequacy of their original configuration. The aging of hydroelectric tunnels may be predicted to result in

additional partial blockages and full-scale failures if sufficient checks and repairs are not performed. Although routine maintenance and updates or replacements may be completed during brief outages, longer outages necessitate more effort due to checks and maintenance access restrictions.
The structural integrity of hydroelectric tunnels is critical to ensuring long-term power generation operations. The occurrence of partial or complete collapses in hydroelectric tunnels p03cs significant risks to overall operations which usually results in lengthy shutdowns for major repairs. Hydroelectric tunnels, like all engineering infrastructure, have a limited life of integrity, and maintenance and repairs can be included as part of routine operations. Although some hydroelectric tunnels continue to operate without incident for decades, the life of most tunnels is short, and severe issues can be anticipated after 30 to 40 years.
The stability at the positions of natural faults or other poor geological conditions found during construction presents the greatest danger to the stable long-term development of hydroelectric tunnels. Collapses also occurred during commissioning due to insufficient support Of natural faults and the inability to consider non-durable or scour-susceptible rock environments. Geological fault zones funded solely by shotcrete for long-term activities are susceptible to scour and erosion. During an assessment, the state of rock traps must be confirmed to ensure that they have the capacity to deter debris from going over the rock trap and causing significant damage. After several years of service, a first inspection of older systems is usually conducted as a result of an observed or inferred problem. The hydraulic operations and the frequency of past problems are the most relevant factors to remember. Under peaking conditions, hydroelectric tunnels are exposed to extremely varying internal working stresses, resulting in cyclic loading of the support and linings.

Detailed Description of Invention
In this invention a battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one materia! (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work. A microcontroller which is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded system is connected to the battery. A typical microcontroller includes a processor, memory and input/output (I/O) peripherals on a single chip.
Peripheral devices like the DC motor are an electrical machine which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy is attached to the controller. The basic working principle of the DC motor is that whenever a current carrying conductor places in the magnetic field, it experiences a mechanical force. To make inspection on the Head Race Tunnel our proposed ROV is kept on the above chassis. A motor driver IC is an integrated circuit chip which is usually used to control motors in autonomous robots. Motor driver ICs act as an interface between microprocessors in robots and the motors in the robot. The most commonly used motor driver IC s are from the L293 series such as L293D, L293NE, etc. It is used to prevent our microcontroller from being damaged from the power fluctuations caused accidentally.
Blynk is a new platform that allows you to quickly build interfaces for controlling and monitoring your hardware projects from your iOS and Android device. After downloading the Blynk app3 you can create a project dashboard and arrange buttons, sliders, graphs, and other widgets onto the screen. User-friendly application in which one can gather the required information as per his product development. Here in the above proposed method, we use this application to navigate the ROV inside the head race tunnel.
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module is a self-contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to your Wi-Fi network. The ESP8266 is capable of either hosting an application or offloading all Wi-Fi networking functions from another application processor. To establish a communication between the ROV unit and mobile unit. Much like a camera phone, it uses a small grid of microscopic light-detectors mounted into an image-sensing microchip (either a charge-coupled system (CCD) or, most likely these days, a CMOS image sensor) to catch light through a convenient way on the front. To capture the live events inside the Head Race Tunnel in the moving ROV unit.

Detailed Description of Drawings
(1) Figure (i) shows the Block Diagram
(2) Figure (ii) shows the Block Diagram of Control Unit
(3) Figure (iii) shows the Battery
A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work.
(4) Figure (iv) shows the Micro Controller
A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation in an embedded system. A typical microcontroller includes a processor, memory and input/output (I/O) peripherals on a single chip.
(5) Figure (v) shows the DC Motor
A DC motor is an electrical machine which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The basic working principle of the DC motor is that whenever a current carrying conductor places in the magnetic field, it experiences a mechanical force.
(6) Figure (vi) shows the Chassis of the proposed ROV is shown below.
To make inspection on the Head Race Tunnel our proposed ROV is kept on the above chassis.
(7) Figure (vii) shows the Motor Driver Circuit
A motor driver IC is an integrated circuit chip which is usually used to control motors in autonomous robots. Motor driver ICs act as an interface between microprocessors in robots and the motors in the robot. The most commonly used motor driver ICs are from the L293 series such as L293D, L293NE, etc. It is used to prevent our microcontroller from being damaged from the power fluctuations caused accidentally.
(8) Figure (viii) shows the Blynk Application
Blynk is a new platform that allows you to quickly build interfaces for controlling and monitoring your hardware projects from your iOS and Android device. After downloading the Blynk app.ypu can_create a project .dashboard and arrangerbuttons, sliders,~graphs, and other

widgets onto the screen. User-friendly application in which one can gather the required information as per his product development. Here in the above proposed method, we use this application to navigate the ROV inside the head race tunnel.
(9) Figure (ix) shows the Wi-Fi Module
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module is a self-contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to your Wi-Fi network. The ESP8266 is capable of either hosting an application or offloading all Wi-Fi networking functions from another application processor. To establish a communication between the ROV unit and mobile unit.
(10) Figure (x) shows the Camera •
Much like a camera phone, it uses a small grid of microscopic light-detectors mounted into an image-sensing microchip (either a charge-coupled system (CCD) or, most likely these days, a CMOS image sensor) to catch light through a convenient way on the front. To capture the live events inside the Head Race Tunnel in the moving ROV unit.

i. ROV of the Light Work Class
For moderate to deep waters, a light work class ROV is ideal; the ROV is launched from ships instead of divers to explore. It may be used to render repairs during inspections. Large additions may be built on, such as laser scanners or advanced inspection instruments and sensors.
ii. ROV Observation Class
A tiny ROV called an Observation Class is used to study streams, waterways, and coastal waters. They're sometimes used to assess water safety when a diver enters the water on missions or during inspections. They are robust vehicles that can be fitted with sonar and custom sensors.
iii. ROV in the Office
A job class ROV is used to explore and examine the ocean floor at depths that divers are unable to enter. They are often used in offshore energy ventures and deep archaeological surveys as a protected backup to divers.
iv. ROV, Micro or Mini
The smallest class of ROV is the micro or mini ROV, which is often used to investigate difficult-to-reach environments at deeper depths, such as piping networks and underwater infrastructure.

Application of Invention
a) Rapid Deployment
Underwater ROVs can be deployed at any time due to their lightweight size and basic technologies. This is particularly useful in emergency circumstances where time is of the essence, as well as in places where divers are unable to enter due to their narrowness or difficulty. Deep Trekker ROVs can be launched in 30 seconds or less.
b) Maintenance is minimal.
Underwater ROVs have a tough nature that helps them to survive harsh water conditions and need little maintenance. ROVs will typically last for years without requiring major maintenance.
c) Dive Times That Are Longer .
Divers will only stay submerged for 30 minutes to an hour at a time, depending on the circumstances and method of activity, and most roles involve a dive team of 2-3 divers -commercial diver, standby diver, and supervisor - for a single task. An ROV can stay underwater for hours on end, depending on its battery life. The Deep Trekker DTG3 ROV, for example, has an 8-hour battery life.
d) Capabilities for video recording
The ROVs picture and video capturing capabilities are one of its most impressive features; it can capture high-resolution footage. An ROV can be deployed in dark and muddy waters to capture data, which can then be checked for evidence and results later. The video can also be edited to be used in documentary programming.
e) Fit into Tight Spaces
An ROV can navigate and examine narrow and difficult-to-reach areas depending on its position. When gathering data that would otherwise be unavailable to divers, this is important.
f) Divers may use protective ROVs to investigate potentially unsafe environments. Divers in the sea or from the beach. An ROV can be used to capture remains and data in underwater locations. Where divers are needed, ROVs may examine sensitive areas as the diver decides the safest path possible.
g) Simple to Use
A portable controller is commonly included with mini ROVs, which significantly decreases the learning curve. It can take as long as a few minutes .to become comfortable with the

controls, a few hours to become competent at piloting, and a weekend to become a professional, h) Cost-Efficient
A micro ROV is considerably less costly than larger submersibles. A micro ROV is an excellent choice for someone interested in exploring small underwater areas and capturing footage or data; it is also a very cost-effective alternative.