Description:Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of power grid management systems, specifically to a method and system for detecting and reporting faults within a power grid using RF technology and topological networking techniques. This invention enhances the efficiency and reliability of power grid fault detection and communication.
Background of the Invention
This ground-breaking invention offers a comprehensive method for locating and reporting issues in electrical grids, offering significant benefits in dependability and efficiency. By carefully placing monitoring sensors across the grid infrastructure, the system keeps an eye on the power supply and can quickly detect any anomalies or malfunctions. This innovation guarantees seamless electricity provision to consumers and provides operators and authorities with instantaneous insight of grid performance, permitting preventive maintenance.
This creative method attempts to create a robust and efficient system by addressing the problem of locating and reporting defects in electricity networks. Traditional defect detection methods often face issues like poor resource management, insufficient reporting priority, and delayed responses. These shortcomings may lead to prolonged blackouts, which would be bad for users and grid managers alike.
US11205892B2 A method for locating phase faults in a microgrid in off-grid mode. The method includes obtaining a grid topology of the microgrid having at least two busbars and determining the position of all circuit breaker position of the grid topology. Further, acquiring measurement data which includes current magnitude and voltage magnitude. Monitoring the at least two busbars for a voltage dip in one of phase-to-phase or phase-to-neutral voltages. On detecting a voltage dip, determining a defect phase having a minimum phase-to-neutral voltage value. And for the defect phase performing busbar analysis and feeder analysis, using phase-directional information.
RESEARCH GAP: A CC2500 RF equipped solution for Power Grid Fault Detection and Reporting System is the novelty of the system.
KR101200033B1 A protection system for asynchronizing of a generator is provided to effectively protect electric power facilities by rapidly removing malfunction using an asynchronizing protection algorithm. Time delay elements output an operation signal of a low current relay during a predetermined time. A CT sensor detects an overcurrent using an overcurrent relay. The CT sensor is installed on a generator to prevent the malfunction due to an exciting inrush current of a transformer. An AND logic circuit is composed of a single phase or three phases. The AND logic circuit outputs an algorithm output signal sensing generator asynchronizing malfunction.
RESEARCH GAP: A CC2500 RF equipped solution for Power Grid Fault Detection and Reporting System is the novelty of the system.
None of the prior art indicate above either alone or in combination with one another disclose what the present invention has disclosed. This invention relates to RF-Enabled Power Grid Fault Detection and Reporting System with Preferential Event Identification within Topological placed networking methods.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts, in a simplified format, that are further described in the detailed description of the invention.
This summary is neither intended to identify key or essential inventive concepts of the invention and nor is it intended for determining the scope of the invention.
To further clarify advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which is illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail with the accompanying drawings.
This novel method builds a reliable system for locating and reporting defects in power grids by utilizing RF technology and topological networking techniques. Enhancing efficiency and reliability of power grid management and response, the system prioritizes incident detection and speeds up communication between monitoring devices and central computers. It operates via a dispersed network of observation points that are judiciously placed across the architecture of the electricity grid. The PGFTD_TPMote and the PGFRD_TPMote are the two primary parts of the system. In distributed applications, the PGFTD_TPMote devices, which are positioned at distribution transformers, continuously monitor the power supply. These devices, which have a real-time clock module, temperature and current sensors, can identify any irregularities or problems in the grid. They converse with other nodes in their topological network by using the CC2500 RF Module to exchange data regarding the state of the power supply.
When a PGFTD_TPMote unit detects a fault or power outage, it starts a reporting process that entails giving communication channel bandwidth resources priority. The independent reporting capabilities of every PGFTD_TPMote unit ensure effective fault information delivery to the main station. This type of selective reporting improves response efficiency by quickly pinpointing the location of faults. When it comes to gathering and sending data from PGFTD_TPMote devices to local and cloud servers, PGFRD_TPMote units are essential. These units, which are outfitted with GSM modems for mobile communication, collect data from several PGFTD_TPMote units in their topological network and send it to servers, where it is recorded and shown on a customized web dashboard. This dashboard provides real-time information about the health of the electrical grid, facilitating prompt fault detection and fault assessment. An event priority reporting feature is included to help expedite the reporting process and avoid producing duplicate reports. Time-sharing is utilized by this function to stagger reports from terminals at various network levels, improving reporting success rates and channel bandwidth resource utilization.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The illustrated embodiments of the subject matter will be understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The following description is intended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selected embodiments of devices, systems, and methods that are consistent with the subject matter as claimed herein, wherein:

FIGURE 1: SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The figures depict embodiments of the present subject matter for the purposes of illustration only. A person skilled in the art will easily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure is described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments are described herein in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of details provided herein is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
It is also to be understood that various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as specific examples, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a",” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes” and/or “including,” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed concurrently or may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", “third”, and the like in the present invention are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong. It will be further understood that terms, e.g., those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
This novel method builds a reliable system for locating and reporting defects in power grids by utilizing RF technology and topological networking techniques. Enhancing efficiency and reliability of power grid management and response, the system prioritizes incident detection and speeds up communication between monitoring devices and central computers. It operates via a dispersed network of observation points that are judiciously placed across the architecture of the electricity grid. The PGFTD_TPMote and the PGFRD_TPMote are the two primary parts of the system. In distributed applications, the PGFTD_TPMote devices, which are positioned at distribution transformers, continuously monitor the power supply. These devices, which have a real-time clock module, temperature and current sensors, can identify any irregularities or problems in the grid. They converse with other nodes in their topological network by using the CC2500 RF Module to exchange data regarding the state of the power supply.
When a PGFTD_TPMote unit detects a fault or power outage, it starts a reporting process that entails giving communication channel bandwidth resources priority. The independent reporting capabilities of every PGFTD_TPMote unit ensure effective fault information delivery to the main station. This type of selective reporting improves response efficiency by quickly pinpointing the location of faults. When it comes to gathering and sending data from PGFTD_TPMote devices to local and cloud servers, PGFRD_TPMote units are essential. These units, which are outfitted with GSM modems for mobile communication, collect data from several PGFTD_TPMote units in their topological network and send it to servers, where it is recorded and shown on a customized web dashboard. This dashboard provides real-time information about the health of the electrical grid, facilitating prompt fault detection and fault assessment. An event priority reporting feature is included to help expedite the reporting process and avoid producing duplicate reports. Time-sharing is utilized by this function to stagger reports from terminals at various network levels, improving reporting success rates and channel bandwidth resource utilization.
The following description provides details on the system components and their interaction to achieve the objectives of the invention:
PGFTD_TPMote (100):
CC2500 RF Module (100A): Facilitates wireless communication within the topological network.
RTC Module (100B): Ensures accurate time-stamping of detected faults.
Power Supply (100C): Provides the necessary power for the operation of the unit.
Current Sensor (100D): Monitors the current flow to detect anomalies.
Temperature Sensor (100E): Measures the temperature to identify overheating issues.
TI MSP430 Board (100F): Serves as the central processing unit for data analysis and decision-making.
PGFRD_TPMote (110):
CC2500 RF Module (110A): Enables communication with PGFTD_TPMote devices.
Power Supply (110B): Powers the unit.
Indicator (110C): Provides visual or audible alerts for detected faults.
GSM Modem (110D): Facilitates communication with local and cloud servers.
TI MSP430 Board (110E): Processes data and manages communication with servers.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
1. Within the grid architecture, the PGFTD_TPMote is essential for continually monitoring power supply across distributed locations. Its main purpose is to quickly identify errors and anomalies, which speeds up reaction and correction times.
2. An essential part of gathering data from PGFTD_TPMote units is the PGFRD_TPMote. For centralized monitoring, it subsequently sends this data to servers in the cloud as well as locally. Operators and authorities are able to quickly assess and respond to power grid failures because to the servers' real-time findings, which are logged and shown on a customized online dashboard.
3. Monitoring devices create effective communication links with central servers by utilizing the CC2500 RF Module. With the use of this technology, fault data may be transmitted quickly, allowing for prompt replies and grid-wide problem solving.
4. The PGFTD_TPMote offers real-time monitoring capabilities for power consumption and environmental conditions. It is integrated with temperature and current sensors. These sensors are essential for early detection and mitigation efforts because they identify anomalies and possible problems in the electrical grid.
, Claims:1. An RF-Enabled Power Grid Fault Detection and Reporting System with Preferential Event Identification within Topological placed networking methods comprises of a plurality of PGFTD_TPMote devices (100), each comprising a CC2500 RF Module (100A), an RTC Module (100B), a Power Supply (100C), a Current Sensor (100D), a Temperature Sensor (100E), and a TI MSP430 Board;
a plurality of PGFRD_TPMote devices, each comprising a CC2500 RF Module, a Power Supply, an Indicator, a GSM Modem, and a TI MSP430 Board (110E);
a topological network facilitating communication between the PGFTD_TPMote and PGFRD_TPMote devices;
an event priority reporting feature utilizing time-sharing to optimize communication channel bandwidth resources.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PGFTD_TPMote devices are configured to detect power grid faults and initiate a reporting process that prioritizes communication channel bandwidth resources.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PGFRD_TPMote devices are configured to collect data from multiple PGFTD_TPMote devices and transmit the data to local and cloud servers for real-time monitoring.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the event priority reporting feature prevents duplicate reports by staggering the transmission of fault data across different network levels.