The invention relates to a sighting device. The present invention also relates to a vehicle equipped with such a sighting device.
The present invention relates to the field of land vehicles who need to make an observation of the environment. For the military, this observation is implemented in the tanks using sighting devices used in particular to make shots.
It is known sighting devices comprising an optronic portion provided with sensors which can move relative to a support. Such sighting devices are positioned above the shield and are called "above armor" (from the English "above the armor").

However, such sighting devices do not provide a direct optical view of the scene. Such a vision is essential in case of malfunction of optronic sensors.

Another type of sighting devices, called "viewfinder through" proposes the use of a targeting system as a monocular or binocular positioned in the vehicle. Access to the environment is then in direct vision through an opening in the vehicle wall.

Nevertheless, such a sighting device is generally bulky and requires a large opening in the wall of the vehicle, especially if it is desired to split the sighting system to the vehicle's crew chief has his own sighting system.

It is also known from document FR 2584202 A1 a stabilized sighting device comprising a camera sensitive to the infrared heat carried by a rotatable platform mounted about a first axis on a movable assembly in rotation on a platform around a second axis perpendicular to the first, the camera being provided with an inertial stabilization around the two axes. The apparatus also includes an optical viewfinder that includes a pointing mirror mounted on the carriage and driven in relation ½ in rotation about an axis parallel to the first and a lens shift which returns the light beam reflected by pointing mirror .

However, the mass of the mirror disrupts the inertia of the device, resulting in a less stable device, as well as an aiming device involves the use of an inertial mass to stabilize the sighting optronic head that is made by the mass of the infrared camera.

There is therefore a need for a sighting device allowing an operator to directly visualize the scene surrounding a vehicle with improved compactness and stability.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by an aiming device for a vehicle, the vehicle having a wall defining an interior space with an outer space, the sighting device having a rotatable support mounted with respect to the wall around a first axis, the support defining an interior volume, an optronic observation indirect head of a first part of the environment of the space outside the vehicle, the optronic head being rotatably mounted on the support about a second axis , the second axis being perpendicular to the first axis, a direct optical path for observing a second part of the environment of the space outside the vehicle, the optical channel comprising optics own collection to collect a portion of the environment from the outside space of the vehicle, the collection optics being rotatable about the second axis, and a clean optical transport system to transport the image collected by the opti that collection to at least one predefined location in the interior space, the optical transmission system having a plurality of optical components, some of the components being within the interior space and the other part of the components being within the interior volume of support. The sighting device having a drive driving the optronic head and collection optics such that when the optoelectronic head is rotated by a first given angle about the second axis, collection optics is rotated by a second given angle about the second axis, the ratio between the two angles being between 0.99 and 1, 01, preferably equal to 1.

According to particular embodiments, the sighting device includes one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations:

- the collection optics is self-inertial vis-à-vis the stabilization around the axis.

- it is set to the image obtained at the predefined location a direction, the optical transmission system comprising a de-rotator arranged so that the image obtained at the predefined location has the same orientation for all possible orientations of the support and training.

- the direct optical channel comprises at least two units, each unit performing a specific function for the sighting unit, each unit having an input, the optical transport system comprising a switch for selecting one of the predefined locations to which the optical system

carriage is adapted to carry the image collected by collection optics for each preset location is an input unit to which a specific function has been selected;

- the units performing a specific function for the sighting device are selected from the group consisting of a display unit, an eye, a monocular, a binocular, an organic screen, laser and a camera.

- the transport system is configured so that the optical beam between the components in the interior and the components in the internal volume is a parallel optical beam.

- there is defined a direction in elevation and azimuth direction, the first axis being parallel to the field direction and the second axis being parallel to the direction in elevation.

The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a sighting device as defined above.

According to a particular embodiment, the optical transmission system includes a window, the window having a diameter less than or equal to 100 millimeters optically active, the wall also having the door, the door sealing of the wall-vis from the outside space.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from reading the following description of the invention embodiments, given by way of example only, with reference to the drawings, which are:

- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a vehicle provided with an example of a sighting device;

- Figure 2, a side view of a section of a Figure 1 sighting device;

- Figure 3 is a diagrammatic side view of the sighting unit of FIG 1;

- Figure 4, a sectional view of the sighting unit of FIG 1;

- Figure 5, a schematic top view of an example of the sighting device, and

- Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view of another example of the sighting device.

1 shows a vehicle 10 provided with a 12-sighting device.

The vehicle 10 is a land vehicle.

For example, the vehicle 10 is a military-type vehicle such as a tank.

Such a vehicle 10 is adapted to comprise a plurality of arms and to protect at least one operator installed inside the vehicle 10. For example, the vehicle 10 is provided with a shooting gun.

The vehicle 10 comprises a wall 14 delimiting an inner space 16 of an outer space 18.

Specifically, in the military context, the interior space 16 is the space to secure since it is the space in which it will evolve or operators as the outer space 18 is the theater wherein the safety is more difficult to achieve depending on the relevant environment.

The wall 14 comprises two portions 20 and 22, particularly visible in Figure 2.

The first part 20 of the wall 14 is made in a first opaque material.

Typically, the first opaque material is sufficiently strong to form a shield of the vehicle 10, the vehicle 10 must withstand fire.

The second part 22 of the wall 14 is made of a second transparent material.

The sighting device 12 is described in more detail with reference to Figures 2 to 4. For convenience, it is defined directions.

A direction normal to the wall 14 is represented by a Y axis in Figure 2. This direction corresponds to the field direction and will be referred to as Y field direction in the following description.

It is also defined a first transverse direction in the plane of Figure 2, the first transversal direction being perpendicular to the field direction. This direction is symbolized by an X axis in Figure 2. This direction corresponds to the site management and will be referred to management site X in the following description.

It is also defined a second transversal direction symbolized by an axis Z in Fig 2. The second transversal direction Z is perpendicular to the Y direction and deposit to site direction X.

The sighting device 12 comprises an optronic head 24, a support 26, a direct optical channel 28 and a drive 29.

Optronic head 24 is a head optronic observation of a part of the environment of the space 18 outside the vehicle 10.

Optronic head 24 comprises, for example, own cameras to capture visible light, black and white and / or color, infrared cameras, rangefinders, or pointers. Video and data collected by the optronic head are transmitted to the vehicle 10 by means of analog and / or digital.

The support 26 is intended to hold the mobile 24 optronic head with respect to a second axis X2. Optronic 24 is rotatably mounted on the head support 26 about the second axis X2.

In the example illustrated, the second axis X2 is parallel to the direction in elevation X. The support 26 comprises a wall that allows to delimit an interior volume 30.

The support 26 is movable about a first axis Y1, the first axis Y1 parallel to the direction Y. deposit

More specifically, the support 26 comprises two lateral arms 32 and 34 and a base 36.

The two side arms 32 and 34 and the base 36 are arranged to form a part substantially U-shaped

In the particular example of Figure 2, the two side arms 32 and 34 are identical.

Each of the two side arms 32 and 34 is located on either side of the optronic head 24 to maintain the head 24 optronics.

Each of the side arms 32 and 34 extends mainly along the Y direction deposit

The wall of each side arm 32 and 34 is an alloy based on aluminum.

For each of the lateral arms 32 and 34, there is defined an interior volume 38 and 40. In the example shown, each side arm 32 and 34 has a substantially parallelepiped shape.

The base 36 has two portions: a central portion 42 connecting the two side arms 32 and 34 and an interface portion 44 with the wall 14.

The central portion 42 is recessed so that a central volume 46 may also be defined for the central part 42.

In this case, the interior volume 30 of the holder 26 is therefore the sum of the lateral volumes 38 and 40 and the central volume 46.

The interfacing portion 44 is a mechanical interface with, as the case of FIG 3, a cylinder shape with a central recessed portion, the interfacing portion defining an interior volume 54.

The interfacing portion 44 supports an interface 52 defining an interior volume. The shape of the interface 52 is chosen so as to adapt to the shape of the head 24 optronics.

The volume defined by the sum of the internal volume of the interface 52 and the central volume 46 of the central portion 42 includes motors, resolvers for controlling the engine, and a seal rotating electric and / or optical fiber own transmitting signals or data between the optronic head 24 and the vehicle 10.

The motors are adapted to cause a rotational movement of the support 26 relative to the wall 14 about the first axis Y1.

The interfacing portion 44 is, in the embodiments, fixed or lifting.

In the case of Figure 3, the interface portion 44 is fixed.

Direct optical path 28 is arranged to observe a portion of the environment from the outside space 18 of the vehicle 10.

The term "direct" is put under the term "indirect".

In fact, it is understood by direct vision a possible vision by humans directly, whereas indirect vision is a vision via a screen which requires the operation of all the elements involved in viewing the scene on the screen.

Referring to Figure 4, the direct optical channel 28 includes a collection optics 58, an optical transport system 60 and a plurality of units 62.

The collection optics 58 is arranged to collect a part of the environment of the external space 18 of the vehicle 10.

In the example shown, collection optics 58 is a first prism 68.

Alternatively, the collection optics 58 is a plane mirror carried by the arm 34 of the support 26.

The collection optics 58 is rotatably mounted relative to the arm 34 of the support 26 about the second axis X2.

The optical transmission system 60 is adapted to carry a picture collected by collection optics 58 to one or more predefined locations within the interior space 16.

The collection optics 58 is self-inertial vis-à-vis the stabilization around the second axis X2. Otherwise formulated, the collection optics 58 is configured so that, upon movement of the vehicle 10 resulting in mechanical vibration of the support 26, the collection optics 58 remains substantially immobile in rotation about the second axis X2.

The collection optics 58 has an upper moment of inertia to a threshold moment of inertia, the moment of inertia threshold corresponding to a rotational stability of 0.1 ° for a rotation of 10 ° about the second axis X2.

The optical transmission system 60 includes a plurality of optical components.

Optical component, in this context, it is understood optical components for direct sight of the operator.

Therefore, a camera or other electronic device can not be considered as an optical component.

A portion of the optical components is in the interior space 16 of the vehicle

10 and the other part of the components within the interior volume 30 of the support 26.

Each component used to spread the light or control the direction of or to prevent its passage, especially if it is of shutters.

In the following, described the particular arrangement of Figure 4, knowing that other arrangements ensuring the same function are of course possible.

In the particular example of Figure 4, the optical transmission system 60 comprises a second prism 72, a Galilean telescope 74, a first lens 76, a first reflecting mirror 78, a field lens 79, a second mirror reference 80, a rotator 82, a second lens 84, a window 86, a switch 88 and a shutter system 89.

The foregoing components have been presented in a specific order, from upstream to downstream, upstream being defined as the place where the transport system 60 receives the external image collected by the collection optics 58 and downstream as the location to the transportation system 60 has carried the image of a part of the exterior space 18 collected by the collection optics 58, that is to say the or each predefined location in the inner space 16.

The side volume 40 of the arm 34 extends mainly along the Y direction deposit

The side 40 includes a volume median plane extending in the transverse directions X and Z and defined as the plane between the lateral volume 40 into two parts of equal volume extending along the direction of Y deposit, namely an upper portion above the median plane, and a lower portion located below the center plane.

The second prism 72 is positioned in the upper portion of the inner volume 40 of the lateral arm 34.

The second prism 72 is a right prism.

The second prism 72 is made of a material selected to allow the transmission of an optical flow compatible with the optical bandwidth used by the direct optical path 28.

The second prism 72 is fixed.

The second prism 72 is suitable for reflecting the beam from the first prism 68 which forms the collection optics 58 in the direction of the Galilean telescope 74.

According to another embodiment, the second prism 72 is replaced by a plane mirror forming an angle of 45 ° with the bearing of management direction Y. deposit

The Galilean telescope 74 is located in the upper part of the interior volume 40 of the lateral arm 34.

According to the particular example of Figure 4, Galileo of the bezel 74 has two lens groups, a first lens group 92 and second lens group 94.

The Galilean telescope 74 is adapted to adjust the size of the incident beam.

The Galilean telescope 74 has magnifications suitable for the type of scene to be observed.

The first lens 76 extends in the direction of X-site, in the median plane of the interior volume 40.

The first lens 76 is adapted to generate an image of a portion of the external environment observed, from the collected image and to integrate in the generated image, a reticle 96 attached to the field lens 79.

In the example shown, the first lens group 76 is a converging lens.

The first mirror 78 is a plane mirror situated in the lower part of the interior volume 40 of the lateral arm 34.

The second mirror 80 is a plane mirror situated in the central volume of the central portion 42 of support 26.

The two deflection mirrors 78 and 80 are arranged so that the beam passing through the side arm 34 is returned to the central portion 42 parallel to the direction Y. deposit

Between the two deflection mirrors 78 and 80, the beam converges at a focal point. The reticle 96 and the field lens 79 are placed at the focal point.

The field lens 79 optimizes the full light field and the reticle 96 makes it easier to aim.

Alternatively, the field lens 96 is free from crosslinks.

The rotator 82 is formed by assembly of two prisms separated by an air space and arranged to form a Pechan prism.

Alternatively, the rotator 82 is positioned before the lens 84.

This allows the optical beam between the components in the interior space 16 and the components within the interior volume 30 is a convergent optical beam.

Alternatively, any other type of de-rotator 82 is possible, and is positioned either before the lens 84 or after lens 84. For example, the de-rotator 82 is a Dove prism. In this case, the rotator 82 is positioned in an area where the optical beam is a parallel optical beam.

The rotator 82 is arranged to obtain the or each defined location, an image with the same orientation, independently of the rotation movement from the optronic head 24 and the support 26.

The second lens 84 is interposed between the door 86 and the rotator 82.

The second lens 84 is arranged so that the optical beam transmitted to the inner space 16 through the window 86 is a parallel optical beam.

The window 86 forms the second part 22 of the wall 14 delimiting the inner space 16 of the external space 18.

The window 86 is made of transparent material in the visible spectrum (radiation having a wavelength between 400 nanometers and 800 nanometers), and in the following areas: near infrared (also known by the acronym PIR) and short IR (also known by the acronym SWIR).

The door 86 is arranged to pass the image conveyed by the optical transmission system 60 between the outdoor space 18 and the interior space 16.

The door 86 has a diameter less than or equal to 100 mm and is intended for sealing of the wall 14 vis-à-vis the outside space 18. The said diameter corresponds to the effective diameter optically, that is to -dire to the window portion 86 for the optical beams passing

Alternatively, the direct optical channel 28 has no sealing window.

For the part of the optical components forming part of the inner space 16, in the example shown, the optical transmission system 60 includes a switch 88 having a first 98 and a second cube cube 99.

Alternatively, the cubes 98 and 99 are plates with parallel faces.

The switch 88 is adapted to select one of the predefined locations to which the optical transmission system 60 will direct the collected image. In the example of Figure 4, such a selection is performed by the two cubes 98 and 99.

According to the example of FIG 4, the first cube 98 is interacting with two predefined locations.

Here, the term "interaction" the ability of a cube to transport the collected image to the predefined location.

The second cube 99 is interacting with two predefined locations.

The shutter system 89 is interposed between the blocks 98 and 99.

The closure system 89 comprises a plurality of shutters, two of which are shown in Figure 4.

Each shutter extends mainly in the direction X. site

The shutter system 89 to protect the operator of the vehicle 10 internal and external laser beams, and also allows flow control scene.

In the example shown, each unit 62 comprises an input and performs a function.

Each predefined location corresponds to an input of a unit 62. For the example described, it is therefore possible to consider that the first cube 98 is interacting with a first unit 100 and second unit 101 while the second cube 99 is interacting with a third unit 102 and a fourth unit 104.

In general, the units 62 provide a specific function for the sighting device 12 and the switch 88 selects one of the predefined locations to which the optical transmission system 60 is adapted to carry the image collected by the collection optics 58 for each preset location is an input of a unit 62 for which the specific function has been selected.

Units 62 provide a specific function for the viewing device 12 and are selected from the group consisting of: a display unit, an eye, a monocular, binocular, an organic display, a laser and a camera.

In the example described, the first unit 100 is a glare system. The glare system 100 is sufficiently strong laser power to ensure the glare of a potential target.

The second unit 101 is a sensor able to provide additional electronic observation.

The third unit 102 is a binocular 102 allowing the operator to look with his eyes, the binocular 102 for adjusting the sizes of the beam.

According to the example of FIG 4, the binocular 102 includes two lenses 106 and 107 and a separation system not shown own beams directing the optical beam toward each of the binocular eyepieces 102.

The fourth unit 104 includes a screen 108 of OLED-type (acronym for "Organic Light-Emitting Diode" meaning in French "OLED") and a focusing optic 10 January.

The resolution of the screen 108 is compatible with sensor arrays of different cameras used.

The drive 29 is adapted to cause rotation of the optronic head 24 and collection optics 58 around the second axis X2.

The drive 29 is adapted to drive the optronic head 24 and collection optics 58 so that when the optoelectronic head 24 rotates by a first angle gave about the second axis X2, collection 58 performs the optical a second rotation of a given angle around the second axis X2, the ratio between the two angles being between 0.99 and 1, 01, preferably equal to 1.

The drive 29 is, for example, performed by a fixed motor with a drive shaft 1 12 which extends along the second axis X2.

The collection optics 58 is connected to an extension of the drive shaft 1 12 at the interior volume 40 of the right side arm 34 of the support 26.

Alternatively, the drive 29 is formed by two motors or resolvers. The first motor is secured to the drive shaft 1 12, and is adapted to control a rotational movement of the head optronic 24. The second motor is adapted to control a rotational movement of the collection optics 58, and is configured to replicate the commands of the first engine. This configuration corresponds to a servo motor of the second follower of the first motor.

The operation of the sighting device 12 is described.

In operation, the viewing apparatus 12 has several functions: firstly, through the optronic head 24, the target device 12 allows to observe a portion of the scene using different cameras may produce images in different spectral bands due to different cameras, such as in the visible spectrum and in the infrared (radiation whose wavelength is between 800 nanometers and 14 microns). The cameras include the ability to produce images in the following areas: PIR, SWIR, IR2 (wavelength between 3 microns and 5 microns) and IR3 (wavelength between 7.5 microns and 14 microns).

When the operator controls a rotation about the first axis Y1 of the support

26 now optronic head 24, the carrier rotates and the observer can observe a different part of the scene.

In case of failure of the optronic head 24, the operator can use the direct route

28, for example via a unit 62 capable of viewing the scene as the binocular 102. As the operator observed with the naked eye the scene and can continue its mission.

In case of power failure vehicle, the support 26 may under operator control, to position itself automatically 'zero field' (boresight position with the firing barrel) and locks with a battery backup and operator can still use the direct channel 28 to view the scene.

According to a variant, the support 26 is connected to the vehicle barrel 10. In this case, during a power failure vehicle, the gun of the vehicle 10 drives via a mechanical linkage, movement of the rotator 82 with a ratio ½ and movement of collection optics 58 with a 1. This drive mechanical linkage is configured to position the bearing support 26 in position 'zero field' simbleauté Gun.

When the operator commands a rotation of the optronic head about the second axis X2, the drive 29 drives the optronic head 24 and collection optics 58, so that the optronic head 24 is rotated by a first angle about the second axis X2, the angle corresponding to the command of the operator, and so that when the optoelectronic head 24 performs the rotation, the collection optics 58 is rotated by a second given angle about the second axis X2, the ratio between the two angles being between 0.99 and 1, 01, preferably equal to 1.

During the rotational movement, the image collected by the optical collection 58 has a variable orientation. When the image reaches the rotator 82, is redirected by the rotator 82 so that the picture collected reaches the predefined locations with the same orientation, despite the rotation of the collection optics 58 and the rotation of the support 26 around the first axis Y1.

The operator also has the option of using a laser 100 to detect, dazzle or destroy a dotted optics.

Alternatively, as illustrated in Figure 5, the sighting device 12 may be provided with a plurality of sensors installed in the area in the interior space 16, after the lens 84 where the beam is a parallel optical beam.

According to the example of Figure 5, the interior space 16 is divided equally into three zones, a zone for the laser system 100, another area for the first sensor 101 and another area for a second sensor 1. 14

Of course, configurations with a higher number of units 62, including more sensors are conceivable.

According to another example, as shown in Figure 6, the sensors and / or glare system 100 are in the external space 18, joined to the wall 14.

In this example, the interfacing portion 44 is arranged to allow the cube 98, positioned in the external space 18, or by interaction with the glare system 100, and with the sensor 101.

This will create space in the interior space 16 to have other large systems in the interior space 16. By comparison, the facilities occupy less space in the vehicle interior 10 a viewfinder says crossing with direct optical channel.

In another embodiment, only the glare system 100 is positioned exterior to the interior space 18 of the vehicle 10 to be brought into direct optical path 28.

Alternatively, the optical channel 28 is integrated with the two arms of the support 26.

In all the preceding embodiments, an optical channel is integrated in one arm or in both arms of the support 26 of the sighting device 12, which provides an outer observation beam taken on the eyepieces.

Such observation optical path 28 includes a rotator 82 which maintains the orientation of the image obtained at predefined locations regardless of the orientation of the collection optics 58 and regardless of the carrier rotational movement 26 about the first axis Y1.

This maintains fixed eye to observe a constant orientation image.

Such optical path 28 makes it possible to use various functions with a switch 88 interacting with a plurality of units 62 placed in the interior space 16 of the vehicle.

This will extend the number of features of the sighting device 12 without affecting the stability of the sighting device.

Such optical path 28 provides a parallel optical beam through the shield. This allows positioning of the device referred to different height retaining the collected image and also allows the use of power lasers.

Such optical channel 28 direct observation has physiological benefits for operators and helps to resolve any uncertainties in an image obtained by indirect observation of outdoor scenes.

Such optical observation path 28 adds a function of gyro-stabilized direct visualization that does not involve a strong opening of the shield (about 100mm in diameter). This maintains a high integrity

vehicle 10 vis-a-vis the external constraints and ensure a good control of the tightness of the wall 14.

Such optical observation path 28 keeps one identical 12 sighting device for the crew commander and operator, with only a transfer of the optical adjustment to the eye depending on the place in the car.

Such an optical path 28 observation facilitates the integration of new sensors to the head 24 optronics.

Such an optical path 28 observation overcomes a failure of the sighting device 12 in case of failure or electrical failure in the optronic head 24 (emergency mode).

In addition, the volume in the interior space 16 is minimal, which allows you to add if desired by the operator, additional features like bigger screens.

This covered 12 device also allows no impact on stabilizing the vision to add interference or destruction of lasers and / or other cameras positioned on the wall or under the wall 14.

Such stabilized sighting device 12 is devoid of follower cap and associated window to the cover, which reduces the cost clutter.

The present invention covers all technically possible combinations of the embodiments which have been presented earlier.

CLAIMS
1. - Aiming device (12) for a vehicle (10), the vehicle (10) having a wall (14) defining an interior (16) of an outer space (18), the sighting device (12) comprising:

- a support (26) rotatably mounted relative to the wall (14) about a first axis (Y1), the support (26) defining an interior volume (30),

- an optronic head (24) for indirect observation of a first part of the environment of the external space (18) of the vehicle (10), optronic heads

(24) being rotatably mounted on the support (26) about a second axis (X2), the second axis (X2) perpendicular to the first axis (Y1),

- an optical path (28) Direct observation of a second part of the environment of the external space (18) of the vehicle (10), the optical path (28) comprising:

- a collection optics (58) adapted to collect a part of the environment of the external space (18) of the vehicle (10), the collection optics (58) being rotatable about the second axis (X2), and

- an optical transmission system (60) adapted to carry the image collected by the collection optics (58) to at least one predefined location in the interior space (16), the optical transport system (60) having a plurality of optical components, some of the components being in the interior (16) and the other part of the components being in the interior (30) of the support (26),

- a drive (29) driving the optronic head (24) and collection optics

(58) so that when the optoelectronic head (24) rotates from a first given angle about the second axis (X2), collection optics (58) is rotated by a second given angle about the second axis (X2), the ratio between the two angles being between 0.99 and 1, 01, preferably equal to 1.

2. - Targeting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the collection optics (58) is self-inertial vis-à-vis the stabilization around the axis (X2).

3. - Targeting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein it is set to the image obtained at the predefined location a direction, the optical transmission system (60) comprising a rotator (82) arranged so that the image obtained at the predefined location

has the same orientation for all possible orientations of the support (26) and the drive (29).

4. - Aiming device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the direct optical path (28) comprises at least two units (62), each unit

(62) providing a specific function for the sighting unit (12), each unit (62) having an input, the optical transport system (60) comprising a switch (88) for selecting one of the predefined locations to wherein the optical transport system (60) is adapted to carry the image collected by the collection optics (58) for each preset location is an input of a unit (62) to which the specific function has been selected.

5. - Targeting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the units (62) providing a specific function for the sighting unit (12) are selected from the group consisting of:

- a display unit,

- an eyepiece,

- a monocular

- a binocular (102)

- an organic screen (108),

- a laser (100), and

- a camera.

6. - Aiming device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transport system (60) is configured so that the optical beam between the components in the interior (16) and the components in the volume interior (30) is a parallel optical beam.

7. - Aiming device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein it is defined a direction in elevation (X) and a field in the direction (Y), the first axis (Y1) is parallel to the direction in deposit (Y) and the second axis (X2) parallel to the direction in elevation (X).

8. A vehicle (10) having a sighting device (12) according to quelconqu of claims 1 to 7.

9. Vehicle (10) according to claim 8, wherein the optical transport system (60) includes a window (86), the door (86) having a diameter less than or equal to 100 millimeters optically active, the wall (14 ) also having the door (86), the door (86) sealing the wall (14) vis-à-vis the outside space (18).