FORM - 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
THE PATENTS RULES, 2006
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
BRAKING SYSTEM
MAHINDRA TWO WHEELERS LIMITED
an Indian Company
of Dl Block, Plot No. 18/2 (Part),
MIDC, Chinchwad, Pune - 411 019,
Maharashtra, India.
Inventors: ALAGARSAMY ASWJNSRJRAM SOLAITHEVAR LAKSHMANAN
THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE INVENTION AND
THE MANNER IN WHICH IT IS TO BE PERFORMED.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure generally relates to mechanical braking systems of vehicles.
Particularly, the present disclosure relates to a mechanical braking system used in two wheeled vehicles.
BACKGROUND
A brake is a mechanical device which inhibits the motion of a vehicle. Two wheeled vehicles have a front wheel and a rear wheel. In conventional braking systems for two wheeled vehicles, separate brakes, namely, a front wheel brake and a rear wheel brake are provided for the front wheel and the rear wheel respectively. The front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake can be applied separately. Further, two wheeled vehicles with such braking systems require special maintenance and have poor braking stability due to small radius of tyres, small surface contact of the tyre with the road surface and the position of the center of gravity of the two wheeled vehicles. In order to stop the two wheeled vehicles within a shorter distance, both the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake are required to be applied in a balanced manner. The front wheel brake enables halting of the two wheeled vehicles within a shorter distance as compared to the rear wheel brake. However, if only the front wheel brake is applied, in a panic braking situation for halting the two wheeled vehicles running at a high speed, there is a risk of skidding or nose-diving of the two wheeled vehicles resulting in accidents. Hence, in panic braking situations, there is a greater risk of accident due to sudden application of the front wheel brake while being driven at high speed, while negotiating sharp turns and due to poor road conditions. Hence, substantial number of riders do not prefer to use the front wheel brake, resulting in inefficient deceleration of the vehicle. This

results in the vehicle halting after a longer period of time, from the time of application of the conventional braking system. Thus, the rider finds difficulty in halting the vehicle in time when encountered with unforeseen obstacles.
Several attempts have been made to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional braking systems by applying combined operation of the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake in a single braking system.
French patent number FR2757127 illustrates a braking device coupled to the front and rear of a motorcycle comprising a dispensing lever housed in housing for connecting a brake lever for coupling a brake cable causing braking of the front wheel brake and another brake cable causing braking of the rear wheel brake. FR2757127 requires housing for the dispensing lever which not only makes the system complex but also adds to the cost of mounting the system on a motorcycle and vehicle packaging.
Further, Indian Patent Number IN510/CHE/2010 illustrates a combined brake system comprising an independent brake lever for actuating a front brake, an interlocking brake lever for actuating both the front brake and the rear brake. The braking forces applied by the brake levers are transmitted by brake cables. A movable force distributing lever is provided for connecting the interlocking brake lever and the independent brake lever with the brake cables while a sliding element enables transferring the brake force from the independent brake lever to one of the output brake cables. The sliding element is housed in a cylinder and includes a slide rod bolted to a slide tube. Thus, IN510/CHE/2010 requires a sliding element which is to be enclosed in housing. This makes the system complex in construction and operation.
Hence, there is felt a need for a combined braking System which overcomes the drawbacks of prior art by providing an efficient combined braking system.

OBJECTS
Some of the objects of the system of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows:
An object of the present disclosure is to prevent skidding/nose-diving of a two wheeled vehicle during application of a braking force.
Another object of the present disclosure is to bring the two wheeled vehicle to a halt from a running condition, within a predetermined distance from the point of application of the brakes.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to enable balancing on the application of the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide an efficient combined braking system.
An additional object of the present disclosure is to delay the front braking by a predetermined time period.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a combined braking system which is simple in construction and requires fewer parts.
A further object of the present disclosure is to provide a combined braking system which requires less maintenance.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a combined braking system which involves less friction during operation.
Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying figures, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

SUMMARY
A braking system is disclosed in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The braking system is for a two-wheeler vehicle having a first wheel and a second wheel. The braking system includes a first braking mechanism, a second braking mechanism and a third braking cable. The first braking mechanism is actuated by a first lever via a first braking cable for braking the first wheel. The second braking mechanism is actuated by a second lever via a second braking cable for braking the second wheel. The third braking cable is connected to the first lever for braking the second wheel, wherein the first lever actuates the braking of the second wheel through a braking force determining means and a delay means such that the delay means delays the application of braking force on the second wheel after a pre-determined braking force as determined by the force determining means is applied on the first wheel by actuation of the first lever.
Typically, the braking force determining means includes a pin and slot arrangement actuated by the first lever. The pin and slot arrangement includes a slot block, an elongate slot configured on the slot block and a pin. The slot block is functionally coupled to the first lever. The slot block is supported by a first bracket and is angularly displaced about a pivot axis by the first lever supported on a second bracket, wherein the second bracket is functionally coupled to the first bracket. The elongate slot is configured on the slot block, wherein the angular displacement of the elongate slot determines the intensity of braking force acting on the first wheel. The pin extends from the first lever and is received and restricted within the elongate slot, wherein travel of the pin within the elongate slot delays actuation of the second braking system. The pin is functionally coupled to the third braking cable supported in the first bracket, wherein the third braking cable transfers forces from the pin to the second

braking mechanism for applying braking force on the second wheel via the first brake arm lever.
In accordance with one embodiment, the delay means for delaying actuation of the second braking system includes a brake cam double pin mechanism actuated by the braking force determining means. The brake cam double pin mechanism includes a brake arm lever and a stopper and lock nut mechanism. The brake arm lever is connected to a spring and is functionally coupled to the second wheel, the third braking cable and the second brake cable from the first and second bracket of the braking force determining means. The stopper and lock nut mechanism corresponding to each cable is disposed on the brake arm lever for facilitating defining of a pre-determined length of the second brake cable and defining a pre-determined length of the third braking cable between the first bracket and the brake arm lever, wherein actuation of the third braking cable based on travel of the pin in the slot actuates the second braking mechanism for applying braking force on the second wheel via the first brake arm lever.
Typically, the first wheel is a rear wheel of the said two - wheeler vehicle.
Further, the second wheel is a front wheel of the said two - wheeler vehicle.
Generally, the slot block is of aluminum.
Alternatively, the slot block is of ferrous metal.
Typically, the pin is of hardened steel.
Generally, the first bracket is of sheet metal.

Alternatively, the first bracket is of alloy casting.
Typically, the first braking mechanism includes a first brake drum functionally coupled to the first wheel of the two-wheeler vehicle; and a first friction pad contacting the first brake drum for applying braking force on the first wheel as the first friction pad is being actuated by the first lever via the first brake cable connecting the first lever to the first friction pad.
Similarly, the second braking mechanism includes a second brake drum functionally coupled to the second wheel of the two-wheeler vehicle; and a second friction pad contacting the second brake drum for applying braking force on the second wheel as the second friction pad is being actuated by the second lever via the second brake cable connecting the second lever to the second friction pad.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
The braking system of the present disclosure will now be described with the help of accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a braking system, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 2 illustrates a mounting arrangement for mounting a right hand brake lever and a slot block;
Figure 3 illustrates a schematic representation of the slot block of the braking system of Figure 1;

Figure 4 illustrates a schematic representation of the right hand brake lever with a drag pin of the braking system of Figure 1;
Figure 5 illustrates the assembly of the slot block and the right hand brake lever;
Figure 6 illustrates the assembly shown in Figure 5 mounted on a handle bar; Figure 7 illustrates a brake cam double pin mechanism in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 8 illustrates a brake arm lever of the brake cam double pin mechanism;
Figure 9 illustrates displacement of the brake arm lever shown in Figure 8 during operation of the braking system; and
Figure 10 and Figure 11 illustrate operation of the braking system by operation of the right hand brake lever.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
A preferred embodiment of the braking system of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiment does not limit the scope and ambit of the disclosure. The description provided is purely by way of example and illustration.
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and

to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
The following description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
Figure 1 illustrates a braking system 100 in accordance with the present invention, for a two wheeled vehicle having a left hand brake lever or a first lever (12) and a right hand brake lever or a second lever (10) cooperating with a first braking mechanism for actuating first wheel brake and a second braking mechanism for actuating the second wheel brake respectively. The right hand brake lever (10) and the left hand brake lever (12) cooperates with a right hand handle bar (not shown in figure) and a left hand handle bar (not shown in figure) respectively. The left hand brake lever (12) or the first lever enables actuation of the first wheel brake or the first braking mechanism though a rear brake cable or the first cable (20). Particularly, the first braking mechanism includes a first brake drum (not shown) and a first friction pad (not shown). The first brake drum is functionally coupled to a first wheel of the two-wheeler vehicle. The

first friction pad contacts the first brake drum for applying braking force on the first wheel as the first friction pad is actuated by the first lever (12) via a first brake cable (20) connecting the first lever (12) to the first friction pad. Similarly, the right hand brake lever or the second lever (10) enables actuation of the second wheel brake or second braking mechanism through a front brake cable or second cable (16). More specifically, the second braking mechanism includes a second brake drum and a second friction pad. The second brake drum is functionally coupled to a second wheel of the two-wheeler vehicle, wherein the second wheel is the front wheel of the two-wheeler vehicle. The second friction pad contacts the second brake drum for applying braking force on the second wheel as the second friction pad is actuated by a second lever (10) via a second brake cable (16) connecting the second lever (10) to the second friction pad. The operation of the left hand brake lever or first lever (12) also actuates the second braking mechanism which actuates the second wheel brake through the third braking cable (18). More specifically, the third braking cable (18) connects the first lever (12) to the second friction pad via braking force determining means and delay means for delaying application of braking force on the second wheel, after a pre-determined braking force as determined by the force determining means is applied on the first wheel of the vehicle by the actuation of the first lever (12), wherein the first wheel is the rear wheel of the two-wheeler vehicle. It is understood that, even though the present disclosure describes the braking system to be actuated by the left hand brake lever/first lever (12), the same can also be actuated using the right hand brake lever/ second lever (10) or a foot brake.
The braking system enables actuation of the second wheel brake or the second braking mechanism after a pre-determined braking force has been applied to the first wheel through the first wheel brake or the first braking mechanism. The braking system is operated using two mechanisms, particularly, a pin-slot

mechanism illustrated in Figure 2 to Figure 6 that acts as braking force determining means, and a brake cam double pin mechanism illustrated in Figure 7 to Figure 11 that acts as delay means for delaying application of braking force on the second wheel, after a pre-determined braking force as determined by the force determining means is applied on the first wheel of the vehicle by actuation of the first lever.
The pin-slot mechanism includes a slot block (26) defining a slot (30), as illustrated in Figure 3, and a drag pin (32) fitted on the left hand lever (12), as illustrated in Figure 4. The pin-slot mechanism is mounted on the left hand lever (12) with the help of a mounting arrangement, illustrated in Figure 2. The mounting arrangement includes a brake mounting bracket or a first bracket (22) and a rear brake mounting bracket or a second bracket (24). The brake mounting bracket or the first bracket (22) cooperates with the left hand handle bar and enables mounting of the slot block (26) thereon by stepped bolt fastening method. The brake mounting bracket or the first bracket (22) is of sheet metal or alloy casting parts. The rear brake mounting bracket or the second bracket (24) is mounted operatively below the brake mounting bracket (22) or the first bracket. The rear brake mounting bracket (24) or the second bracket enables supporting the left hand brake lever (12) or the first lever.
The slot block (26), as illustrated in Figure 3, is typically made of aluminum or ferrous metal and is provided with an arcuate shaped opening (31) for locating the brake inner cable (not shown in figure). The slot block (26) during operation of the braking system by the actuation of the first lever or the left hand lever (12), is angularly displaceable about a pivot (28). The slot block (26) is pivotally fitted to the brake mounting bracket or the first bracket (22) at the pivot (28). A slot (30), defined on the slot block (26) along an imaginary circle (29) centered at the pivot (28), is an elongate arc shaped slot and has a

predetermined length and a predetermined depth. The slot (30) is defined by two parallel sides and two curved sides. The position of slot (30) from pivot (28) determines the percentage braking force distribution ratio of the second wheel brake and the first wheel brake. The predetermined length of the elongated arc shape of the slot (30) enables determination of the percentage delay in actuation of the second wheel brake.
The drag pin (32) is cylindrical in shape having a predetermined diameter and a predetermined length. The drag pin (32) is made of harden steel and is press fitted at the operative bottom surface of the left hand brake lever (12) cooperating with the slot block (26) such that the drag pin (32) is positioned in the slot (30). The drag pin (32) is restrictively displaceable within the slot (30) through an angle of 0, shown in Figure 3, for causing the delay in operation of the second wheel brake post the operation of the first wheel brake. The drag pin (32) is located at a predetermined angular distance from a corresponding arcuate shaped opening (33) of the left hand brake lever (12). The arcuate shaped opening (31) of the slot block (26) is aligned with the corresponding arcuate shaped opening (33) of the left hand brake lever (12) to enable positioning of the brake inner cable. Similarly, the pivot (28) of the slot block (26) is collinear with the pivot point (28a) provided on the left hand brake lever (12). The left hand brake lever (12) is angularly displaceable about the pivot point (28a) on the handle bar (not shown in figure). The third brake cable (18) is actuated by the operation of the drag pin (32) within the slot (30).
The brake cam double pin mechanism, illustrated in Figure 7, includes a brake arm lever (14), shown in Figure 8, connected to a torsion spring (not shown in figure), for causing the braking operation by the second wheel brake or the second braking system by means of the brake cable (18) and the front brake cable (16). The second wheel brake or the second braking system is actuated by

a braking force on the second wheel through the brake arm lever (14), either by the front brake cable (16) or the brake cable (18). The front brake cable or the second brake cable (16) is connected to the brake arm lever (14) through an outer cable stopper (34) and an outer stopper lock nut (34a). The position and length of the front brake cable (16) is controlled by the outer cable stopper (34) and the stopper lock nut (34a). Figure 8 illustrates the actuation of the brake arm lever (14) by the front brake cable (16), the outer cable stopper (34) and the outer stopper lock nut (34a). The brake cable (18) is connected to the brake arm lever (14) through a cable stopper (36) through a stopper lock nut (36a). The third brake cable (18) is connected to the brake arm lever (14) so as to be located below the connection point of the front brake cable (16) on the brake arm lever (14). Figure 9 illustrates the actuation of the brake arm lever (14) by the third brake cable (18), cable stopper (36) and the stopper lock nut (36a).
When a force (F) is applied on the left hand brake lever or the first lever (12), as illustrated in Figure 10, the left hand brake lever or the first lever (12) is angularly displaced through a predetermined angle from an inoperative position (A) to an intermediate operative position (B), illustrated in Figure 11. While the left hand brake lever (12) is displaced from the inoperative position (A) to the intermediate position (B), the first wheel brake or the first braking mechanism is actuated through the rear brake cable or the first brake cable (20) applying a predetermined percentage of braking force on the first wheel. Meanwhile, the drag pin (32) is displaced within the slot (30) from an inoperative pin position at one end of the elongated arc shape of the slot (30) to an inoperative intermediate position at the other end of the slot (30).
When a further force is applied on the left hand brake lever (12), the left hand brake lever (12) is further angularly displaced from the intermediate operative position (B) to an operative final braking position. In the operative final braking

position, further braking force is applied on the first wheel through the first wheel brake or the first braking mechanism and the rear brake cable or the first brake cable (20). Concomitantly, the drag pin (32) causes angular displacement of the slot block (26) which results in creating a tension in the third braking cable (18) required for initiating actuation of the second wheel brake. The braking cable (18), under tension, displaces the brake arm lever (14) from an inoperative arm position to an operative arm position through the cable stopper (36) and the stopper lock nut (36a). Since the right hand brake lever (10) is in an inoperative position, the outer cable stopper (34) and the outer stopper lock nut (34a) is not displaced from its inoperative position and hence the second wheel brake is not applied through the front brake cable (16) or the second brake cable. Thus, the second wheel brake is operated solely by the brake cable (18). Hence, while the left hand brake lever (12) is being angularly displaced from the intermediate operative position (A) to the operative final braking position, the first wheel brake and the second wheel brake are actuated through the rear brake cable (20) and the brake cable (18) respectively.
The delay in actuation of the second wheel brake after the application of the first wheel brake and thereafter operation of the second wheel brake and the first wheel brake, enables balancing the braking force between the second wheel brake and the first wheel brake of the two wheeled vehicle. The delay in actuation of the second wheel brake helps in preventing accidents and collision in panic braking situations.
TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS
The technical advancements offered by the present disclosure include the realization of:
• a braking system for preventing skidding of the two wheeled vehicle;

• a braking system for halting the vehicle from running condition within a predetermined distance from the point of application of the brake;
• a braking system for balancing the braking of the second wheel brake and the first wheel brake;
• a braking system for achieving effective gain in braking distance as compared to the braking systems of the prior art; and
• a braking system for efficient braking.
Throughout this specification the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or
steps.
The use of the expression "at least" or "at least one" suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the disclosure to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results.
The numerical values given of various physical parameters, dimensions and quantities are only approximate values and it is envisaged that the values higher or lower than the numerical value assigned to the physical parameters, dimensions and quantities fall within the scope of the disclosure unless there is a statement in the specification to the contrary.
Wherever a range of values is specified, a value up to 10% below and above the lowest and highest numerical value respectively, of the specified range, is included in the scope of the disclosure.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific

embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

We Claim:
1. A braking system for a two-wheeler vehicle having a first wheel and a
second wheel, said braking system comprising:
• a first braking mechanism actuated by a first lever via a first braking cable for braking said first wheel;
• a second braking mechanism actuated by a second lever via a second braking cable for braking said second wheel; and
• a third braking cable connected to said first lever for braking said second wheel;
wherein said first lever actuates the braking of said second wheel through a braking force determining means and a delay means such that the delay means delays the application of braking force on said second wheel after a pre-determined braking force as determined by said force determining means is applied on said first wheel by actuation of said first lever.
2. The braking system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said braking force
determining means comprises a pin and slot arrangement actuated by said
first lever, said pin and slot arrangement comprising:
• a slot block functionally coupled to said first lever, said slot block supported by a first bracket and adapted to be angularly displaced about a pivot axis by said first lever supported on a second bracket, wherein said second bracket is functionally coupled to said first bracket;
• an elongate slot configured on said slot block, wherein the angular displacement of said elongate slot determines the intensity of braking force acting on said first wheel; and

• a pin extending from said first lever adapted to be received and
restricted within said elongate slot, wherein travel of said pin
within said elongate slot delays actuation of said second braking
system, said pin functionally coupled to said third braking cable
supported in said first bracket, wherein said third braking cable
transfers forces from said pin to said second braking mechanism
for applying braking force on said second wheel via said first brake
arm lever.
3. The braking system as claimed in Claim 2, wherein said delay means for
delaying actuation of said second braking system comprises a brake cam
double pin mechanism actuated by said braking force determining means,
said brake cam double pin mechanism comprising:
• a brake arm lever connected to a spring and functionally coupled to said second wheel, said third braking cable and said second brake cable from said first and second bracket of said braking force determining means;
• a stopper and lock nut mechanism corresponding to each cable disposed on said brake arm lever for facilitating defining of a predetermined length of said second brake cable and defining a predetermined length of said third braking cable between said first bracket and said brake arm lever, wherein actuation of said third braking cable based on travel of said pin in said slot actuates said second braking mechanism for applying braking force on said second wheel via said first brake arm lever.
4. The braking system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said first wheel is a
rear wheel of the said two - wheeler vehicle.

5. The braking system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said second wheel is a front wheel of the said two - wheeler vehicle.
6. The braking system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said first braking mechanism comprises a first brake drum functionally coupled to said first wheel of the two-wheeler vehicle; and a first friction pad adapted to contact said first brake drum for applying braking force on said first wheel as said first friction pad being actuated by said first lever via said first brake cable connecting said first lever to said first friction pad.
7. The braking system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said second braking mechanism comprises a second brake drum functionally coupled to said second wheel of the two-wheeler vehicle; and a second friction pad adapted to contact said second brake drum for applying braking force on said second wheel as said second friction pad being actuated by said second lever via said second brake cable connecting said second lever to said second friction pad.