1. We claim that the proposed design is able to repel the mosquitoes and an idea behind this invention and to design this model is a combination of others different repellent such as electronic mosquito repellent. But they are not fully operated automatically and using solar energy to drive the repellent. 2.Theproposed system has two unique features:

1. It can be switched on and off automatically to save electricity.

3. Power can be supplied in two ways : Through solar panel(renewable energy) and 230V home supply (using adapter).

3. We claim that we have used combination of above two features which improves the efficiency of system and make it reliable.

Background of invention
Malaria is a life threatening disease caused by Anopheles mosquitoes. Every year
thousands of people die due to this hazardous disease. In 2017, the total estimated
funding for control and elimination of Malaria was 3. IB USD.
There are several Mosquito repellents like liquid vaporizers, coils, creams had been
invented and used in the past. However, they are prone to be fatal and can have
harmful effects on the human body.
To attain more efficiency without causing any harmful side effects, an electronic
mosquito repellent device has been built with following advantages over
conventionally used chemical based mosquito repellent:
• It is durable, it lasts longer than traditional repellents.
• Electronic mosquito repellents are eco-friendly and safe to use.
An electronic repellent device works on the principle of frequency generation.
They are also known as Ultrasonic repellents. Commonly used electronic
mosquito repellent device works within the range of 30-55kHz, with the help of
555-timer.
4. Objective of the invention
• To generate different frequencies automatically.
• System can be switched on and off automatically to save power.
••• Features in this system
1. It can be switched on and off automatically.
2. Produce different frequencies automatically.
3. Power can be supplied in two ways : Through solar panel(renewable
energy) and 230V home supply.
4. Portable
5. To change the frequency range, no need to change in hardware.
5. Description
• It is based on Arduino uno where frequency is generated from PWM pins.
This model is made fully automatic with the help of the programming
language of Arduino so that PWM pins can be used with the generation
I
required pulse width. The analogWrite function provides a 8-bit PWM output
and a simple interface to the hardware PWM. To control frequencies, there are
timers that are specified with their register values in programming hex file.
The ATmega328P chip consists 3 PWM timers (Timer 0 , Timer 1 and Timer
2) and controlling six PWM outputs.
• All timers generate the timer clock when the system clock of Arduino
(16MHz) is divided by a prescale factor such as 1, 8, 64, 256, or 1024. The
Arduino has Timer/Counter Control Registers and this resisters are named as
TCCRnA and TCCRnB that hold the main control bits for the timer.
> Connection and working
The main source of energy to drive the proposed system is solar energy. In this
system , power rating of solar panel is 2W with max output voltage of 9V
and max current of 200mA which is directly connected to the two
rechargeable battery of 8V to charge them. Another way of charging is from
main power supply of 230V through adapter that is used to convert the AC
into DC.
The solar panel is wired to LM7805 via capacitor lOOuF. This capacitor is
used to smoothen the electrical signal. The three terminal positive voltage
regulator LM7805 is used to provide the constant output voltage of+5 V.
The operating voltage of Arduino Uno is +5V. Programmable Arduino UNO
is used to change the frequency at some interval and turn on and off the
system automatically to save the power. Ardiuno Uno has 5 PWM pins so it is
possible to generate five different frequencies . But here I used only 3 pins
(pin3, pin5, pin9) to generate the square wave of different frequencies.
• Pin no 3 - 32Khz
• Pin no 5 - 48Khz
• Pinno9-61Khz
These pins are directly connected to pin no 2 of opto-coupler to isolate the
circuit through 470k resistor. Negative pulse is generated from Arduino
that is fed into LED of an optocoupler ( provide electrically isolated
between circuits or elements of a circuit) so that light can emit and fall on
to the photo transistor to turn it ON. As it turns ON it produces positive
pulse, these pulses are used to turn ON the n-p-n transistor so that LED
can work. At last, the end terminal is connected to the buzzer to convert
the ultra-frequencies into ultrasound.
6. BLOCK DIAGRAM AND HARDWARE CIRCUIT
fV-r 2>
3>
Fig 3 :- Rechargeable Battery with adapter port
7. Result Analysis
The simulation result carried out with the Proteus8 Professional showed that the
circuit is functioning well. The frequencies generated from the simulation were
approximately the same as generated by the hardware. The output frequencies as
observed in oscilloscope varied from 31kHz to 62kHz. When I carried out this
experiment at a place where mosquitoes were present they were repelled by the
repellent at the tuned frequencies. As I turned on the repellent it produced a beep
sound at the following frequencies - 31kHz, 48kHz & 62kHz.
Period
30 mints
Period 1
Period 2
Period 3
Number of
mosquitoes landing
during no emission
20
10
15
Number of
mosquitoes landing
during emission
5
2
3
Table :-Average mosquito landing

CLAIMS:
1. We claim that the proposed design is able to repel the mosquitoes and an idea behind this
invention and to design this model is a combination of others different repellent such as
electronic mosquito repellent. But they are not fully operated automatically and using solar
energy to drive the repellent.
2.Theproposed system has two unique features:
1. It can be switched on and off automatically to save electricity.
3. Power can be supplied in two ways : Through solar panel(renewable energy) and 230V
home supply (using adapter).
3. We claim that we have used combination of above two features which improves the
efficiency of system and make it reliable.