Description:Field of the invention
The invention leads to smart fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients by using Multilayered coating of chitosan/ Guar gum-starch & micronutrient embedded in zeolite / alginate.
Background of the Invention
References which are cited in the present disclosure are not necessarily prior art and therefore their citation does not constitute an admission that such references are prior art in any jurisdiction. All publications, patents and patent applications herein are incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.
Several patents have been issued for fertiliser but none of these are related to the present invention. For example, US20120222170A1 relates to a fertilizer composition comprising a water-insoluble slow-release reacted nitrogen fertilizer and an effective amount of a water-soluble, non-aromatic poly(amino acid) of the group poly(aspartic acid), poly(glutamic acid), poly(glycine), poly(lysine) a copolymer of cystein and glutamic acid and a terpolymer of cystein and glutamic acid and aspartic acid, wherein the poly(amino acid) has a molecular size larger than that which can be absorbed by a plant. A method of making and using the fertilizer composition is also disclosed.
Another patent, US20210380502A1 provides a multi-layered fertilizer includes a layer-by-layer coated fertilizer layer and a coating layer, wherein the fertilizer layer is separated from the coating layer, and one of the fertilizer layers is a fertilizer core; the fertilizer layer contains at least one of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, the coating layer is polyurea formaldehyde, which includes at least a polyurea formaldehyde having two to five carbon atoms. It can better control the release of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and zinc in the fertilizer to meet the different nutrient requirements of different crops at different growth stages. The fertilizer can be prepared by a reactor, a slurry tank, a powdering tank and supporting facilities, which can control the amount of each layer of fertilizer and its position in the entire fertilizer granules according to a design procedure.
Another patent, CN102424633A provides a to a self-curing film-coated controlled release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding granulated fertilizer into a pan granulator; spraying glue solution under the condition that the pan granulator rotates so that the glue solution is uniformly distributed on the surface of the granulated fertilizer; spraying calcium-containing powder for curing reaction on the surface of the granulated fertilizer, and continuously rotating until the granulated fertilizer is uniformly coated; and drying and sieving the coated granulated fertilizer. The self-curing film-coated controlled release fertilizer prepared by the invention has the advantages that: a controlled-release layer can be cured in the air, thus the consumption of adhesive and the cost are reduced; the controlled-release layer can slowly form substances capable of being dissolved into water in water through a chemical reaction, and finally, the calcium element in soil can be replenished; the self-curing film-coated controlled release fertilizer is free of environment pollution, completely environment friendly and free of residue of harmful substances; acid soil can be adjusted, and the increasing acidification problem of the soil can be solved; and not only can the yield of crops be increased, but also the quality of the crops can be improved.
Another patent, CN108456121A provides a kind of nucleocapsid slow-release or control-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof is provided, sustained-controll-release fertiliser production field is related to.A kind of nucleocapsid slow-release or control-release fertilizer comprising fertiliser granulates core and the uramit coating layer for being coated on fertiliser granulates core surfaces, urea and formaldehyde mole ratio are 1 2.5 in the raw material of uramit:1, uramit includes at least the uramit that carbon atom quantity is 25.Uramit molecular size range can be changed by adjusting reaction condition to form the membrane structure of different carbon chain lengths, the nucleocapsid slow-release or control-release fertilizer not only controls the sustained release of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium macronutrient, sustained release micro- in calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc etc. can also be controlled, demand of the Different Crop to nutrient is adapted to.
Another patent, CN101362662A a coating slow-release disposable fertilizer which consists of a coating formed by basis fertilizers and masking liquid on the surface of the basis fertilizers, wherein, the composition of the masking liquid on the coating is expressed according to the ratio of quality portions: 0.5-10 portions of humate, 0.1-2.5 portions of natural gum, 0.1-2.5 portions of modified starch, 5-20 portions of carbamide, 0.5-4 portions of zinc sulfate, 0.5-3 portions of manganous sulfate, 0.5-20 portions of green copperas, 0.5-1 portion of boric acid, 0.1-1 portion of sodium molybdate, 2.5-3 portions of organic acid regulators, 2.5-3 portions of ammonium citrate and 87.2-30 portions of water. The masking liquid is evenly coated on the particle surface of the basis fertilizers in a coating machine. Referring to the proposal of soil measurement and fertilizer preparation, the invention can adjust prescription flexibly, organize production quantitively, keeps the fertilizer effect to be stable in a long time, reduces the slow-release cost, realizes the modification of three main nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and has complete functions of slow-releasing and synergy; besides, the fertilizer improves the utilization of the fertilizer and is suitable for mechanized application and standard production.
Another patent, CN103333006B relates to a compound fertilizer controlled release coated agent, which is prepared from a film-forming agent, an emulsifier, a plasticizer, a porogenic agent and a solvent through steps of dissolving and mixing. The compound fertilizer controlled release coated agent is applicable to coating of a common granular compound fertilizer, so as to obtain a coated compound fertilizer. The coated agent provided by the invention can conduct coating on common granular compound fertilizer at -5 DEG C-40 DEG C, and has a coating weight ratio of 1:9 to 19; a firm coating can be formed on the surface of the common compound fertilizer during coating; the coating weight ratio and the usage amount of the porogenic agent can be adjusted to adjust the thickness of the coating, density and size of the coating, so as to obtain coated compound fertilizers for different release periods. The coated common granular compound fertilizer provided by the invention can be applied to rice and rape; and the coefficient of utilization of the compound fertilizer is increased by 28%-47%, and the yield of rice and rape is increased by 8.2%-15.5%. The invention has advantages of simple production, low cost and easy usage.
As day by day population increasing, demand of food increasing, to meet the food demand, productivity would be required to increase with low cost. For increasing productivity, reduction in cost of fertilizer is also important factor. Urea is major fertilizer of Nitrogen, when it is used only 40 to 60% is used rest is wasted in air. If proper usage of Nitrogen or other nutrient is done by multilayer coating, then we can have more usage of nutrients with delayed release then usage of fertilizer can be maximized.
This work is focused on development of multilayered smart fertilizer which will be capable of releasing micro as well as macro nutrients slowly for the plants. Modern agriculture is aimed to achieve high productivity on intensifying food production using low cost of fertilizer, pesticides and other processes of crop. These factors are responsible for the negative environmental impacts output such as increased greenhouse gas emissions, high cost, soil acidification, eutrophication are more effective concerning conventional fertilization, as they provide nutrients per unit of time that correspond to the absorption of plants.
In this work, multilayered coating on NPK fertilizer has been used to prepare a new smart Fertiliser using guar gum, starch, zeolite, alginate and micro nutrients. Such prepared multilayered smart Fertiliser can be used to slow release of nutrients for plants for longer time. By doing this cost of Fertiliser will be reduced and productivity will be enhanced.
The primary object of the invention is to prepare smart Fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients by using multilayered coating of chitosan/ Guar gum-starch & micronutrient embedded in zeolite / alginate.
The another object of the invention is to prepare smart Fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients.
The another object of the invention is to prepare using multilayered coating of chitosan/Guar gum-starch & micronutrient embedded in zeolite / alginate.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description.
Summary of Invention
This summary is not a comprehensive overview of the disclosure and does not reflect the main/essential features of the establishment or specify the scope of the establishment. Its sole purpose is to present some of the concepts presented here in a simpler way as a precursor to more detailed explanations presented later.
The primary object of the invention is to prepare smart Fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients by using multilayered coating of chitosan/ Guar gum-starch & micronutrient embedded in zeolite / alginate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, multilayered smart fertilizer has been developed by using coating of chitosan/ guar gum-starch then it has been layered with microorganism embedded in zinc alginate and boron alginate and other micronutrients, then laying of zeolite has been covered over coated fertilizer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, such fertilizer releases micronutrient slowly as well as nutrient (NPK) are also released slowly for the longer which reduces cost of fertilizer. Such coated composite will be capable of releasing micro as well as macro nutrients slowly for the plants.
In some embodiments of the present invention, Modern agriculture is aimed to achieve high productivity on intensifying food production using low cost of fertilizer, pesticides and other processes of crop. These factors are responsible for the negative environmental impacts output such as increased greenhouse gas emissions, high cost, soil acidification, eutrophication are more effective concerning conventional fertilization, as they provide nutrients per unit of time that correspond to the absorption of plants.
These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in concurrence with the following explanation and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications.
Brief summary of the figures
Figure 1. Release of Nitrogen by Urea and coated urea/fertilizer
Detailed Description
These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the embodiments and all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
In some embodiments of the present invention, multilayered smart fertilizer has been developed by using coating of chitosan/ guar gum-starch then it has been layered with microorganism embedded in zinc alginate and boron alginate and other micronutrients, then laying of zeolite has been covered over coated fertilizer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, such fertilizer releases micronutrient slowly as well as nutrient (NPK) are also released slowly for the longer which reduces cost of fertilizer. Such coated composite will be capable of releasing micro as well as macro nutrients slowly for the plants.
In some embodiments of the present invention, by this work, multilayered coating on NPK fertilizer or Urea fertilizer or any other fertiliser can be done with guar gum starch, then followed by embedded microorganism in alginate and then coating of zeolite. Such prepared multilayered smart fertiliser can be used to slow release of nutrients for plants for longer time. By doing this cost of fertiliser will be reduced and productivity will be enhanced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, first of all urea or NPK fertilizer (5-25 g) is taken in a reactor or flask then it is granule with addition of guar-gum /starch (50 100 g) in excess with some heating and then cooling. Chitosan is taken in little vinegar to dissolve and then added in to previous flask. Such granules are separated then alginic acid is reacted and treated with Zinc/ Boron/Mg /Cu salt to get their alliances and then embedded in zeolite.
In some embodiments of the present invention, such composite is added already prepared granules of NPK or urea fertilizer in guar gum or starch obtained from any plant. This is heated slowly and then cooled we get multilayered coated fertiliser. It has been used to prepare a new smart fertiliser using guar gum, starch, zeolite, alginate and micro nutrients. In this smart fertilizer we get major nutrient along with micro nutrient like boron, zinc, Mn, Mg, Cu etc. which are provided slowly with addition of water in coated fertilizer.
A smart fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients consists of:
Chitosan, Guar gum, starch, zeolite, zinc alginate and boron alginate.
A method of smart fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients by using multilayered coating of chitosan/ Guar gum-starch & micronutrient embedded in zeolite / alginate comprising the steps of:
taking urea or NPK fertilizer (5-25 g) in a reactor or flask;
granulating with addition of guar-gum /starch (50-100 g) in excess with some heating and then cooling;
taking chitosan in little vinegar to dissolve and then added in to previous flask;
separating such granules then alginic acid is reacted and treated with Zn/ Boron/Mg /Cu salt to get their alginates and then embedded in zeolite;
adding such composite already prepared granules of NPK or urea fertilizer in guar gum or starch obtained from any plant; and
heating slowly and then cooled we get multilayered coated fertiliser.
EXAMPLE 1
EXPERIMENTAL SECTION
Multilayered smart fertilizer has been developed by using coating of chitosan/ guar gum-starch then it has been layered with microorganism embedded in zinc alginate and boron alginate and other micronutrients, then laying of zeolite has been covered over coated fertilizer. Such fertilizer releases micronutrient slowly as well as nutrient (NPK) are also released slowly for the longer which reduces cost of fertilizer. Such coated composite will be capable of releasing micro as well as macro nutrients slowly for the plants. Modern agriculture is aimed to achieve high productivity on intensifying food production using low cost of fertiliser, pesticides and other processes of crop. These factors are responsible for the negative environmental impacts output such as increased greenhouse gas emissions, high cost, soil acidification, eutrophication are more effective concerning conventional fertilization, as they provide nutrients per unit of time that correspond to the absorption of plants.
Material and Methods
By this work, multilayered coating on NPK fertilizer or Urea fertilizer or any other fertiliser can be done with guar gum starch, then followed by embedded microorganism in alginate and then coating of zeolite. Such prepared multilayered smart fertiliser can be used to slow release of nutrients for plants for longer time. By doing this cost of fertiliser will be reduced and productivity will be enhanced.
First of all, urea or NPK fertilizer (5-25 g) is taken in a reactor or flask then it is granule with addition of guar-gum /starch (50-100 g) in excess with some heating and then cooling. Chitosan is taken in little vinegar to dissolve and then added in to previous flask. Such granules are separated then alginic acid is reacted and treated with Zinc/ Boron/Mg /Cu salt to get their alliances and then embedded in zeolite. such composite is added already prepared granules of NPK or urea fertilizer in guar gum or starch obtained from any plant. This is heated slowly and then cooled we get multilayered coated fertiliser. It has been used to prepare a new smart fertiliser using guar gum, starch, zeolite, alginate and micro nutrients. In this smart fertilizer we get major nutrient along with micro nutrient like boron, zinc, Mn, Mg, Cu etc. which are provided slowly with addition of water in coated fertilizer.
Results and Discussion
Nitrogen and other nutrient release study was done by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer in Chemistry Department, Uttaranchal University. Coated fertilise were prepared by above stated methods, release of nutrient was studied in visible range around 480-520 nm. Nutrient release study was done on hourly as well as day basis. For hourly study, digestion of fertilizer method was followed.
By study it has been observed that alone fertilizer (like Urea of other NPK) has shown faster release of nutrients, around 50 to 60% is released on same day while for mono layered coated fertiliser has shown slower rate of release of nutrients. Double layer has shown comparatively better than mono layered coated fertilizer (shown in Fig 1).
When triple layered fertilizer was studied for release of nutrient specially for Nitrogen then it was observed that in triple layer coated, nutrient is released slowly. In 1 hr, it started with about 10% release then 20% in about 4 hrs and about 30% in 12 hrs. It shows much better result and by using this we can increase its sustainability and can be used with maximum utilisation of fertilisers.
Since in this coated fertilisers we have taken coating of many micronutrients like Zn, Boron, Iron Mo, Cu, K, have been embedded in zeolite /starch layers and then coated with zeolite. In this type of developed coated fertiliser we can design fertilizer as per our requirement and it will be smart fertiliser with requirement of quantity of number of micronutrient along with macro nutrient.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION:
We can design SMART fertiliser for slow release of macro as well as micro nutrients. In this SMART fertiliser, quantity % of nutrient we can design as per our requirement. It can be used for longer time for maintaining good health of plant for longer time with lesser quantity of fertilizer, moreover economics will be better with productivity.
, Claims:
1. A smart fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients consists of:
Chitosan, Guar gum, starch, zeolite, zinc alginate and boron alginate.
2. A method of smart fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients as claimed in claim 1, wherein smart fertiliser for slow release of micro and macro nutrients by using multilayered coating of chitosan/ Guar gum-starch & micronutrient embedded in zeolite / alginate comprising the steps of:
a. taking urea or NPK fertilizer (5-25 g) in a reactor or flask;
b. granulating with addition of guar-gum /starch (50-100 g) in excess with some heating and then cooling;
c. taking chitosan in little vinegar to dissolve and then added in to previous flask;
d. separating such granules then alginic acid is reacted and treated with Zn/ Boron/Mg /Cu salt to get their alginates and then embedded in zeolite;
e. adding such composite already prepared granules of NPK or urea fertilizer in guar gum or starch obtained from any plant; and
f. heating slowly and then cooled we get multilayered coated fertiliser.