Claims:1. A smart wearable device comprising:
a first set of sensors configured to sense a first set of attributes pertaining to temperature of a user;
a second set of sensors configured to sense a second set of attributes pertaining to blood oxygen saturation of the user; and
a control unit configured with the first and the second set of sensors, the control unit comprisingone or more processorscommunicatively coupled to a memory, the memory storing one or more instructions executable by the one or more processors, the control unit being configured to:
calculate temperature associated with the user based on the first set of attributes and calculate blood oxygen saturation associated with the user based on the second set of attributes;
determine whether at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls within a respective threshold range; and
transmit an alert signal to a remote computing device when the at least one of the determined temperature and the determined blood oxygen saturation falls outside the respective threshold range.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the first set of attributes and the second set of attributes includes any one or a combination of voltage, current, and resistance.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second set of sensors comprises a first light emitting diode (LED) and a second LED, the first LED and the second LED being configured to transmit photoplethysmograph(PPG) signals to a body part of the userassociated with a first wavelength and a second wavelength, respectively, and wherein the second wavelength is greater than the first wavelength, and wherein wavelength associated with the second LED is greater than wavelength associated with the first LED.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second set of sensors comprises a third LED configured as reference measure for different parameters associated with the body part of the user.

5. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second set of sensors comprises a photodetector configured to detect reflected signals corresponding to the first and the second LEDs from the body part of the user.
6. The system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the control unit is configured to determine alternative current (AC) component and direct current (DC) component of each of the reflected signals corresponding to the first LED and the reflected signals corresponding to the second LED, and wherein the blood oxygen saturation associated with the user is determined based on the AC and DC components.
7. The system claimed in claim 1, wherein the alert signal comprises information associated with temperature and blood oxygen saturation of the user and location of user, and wherein the first set of sensors includes MAX30101 and the second set of sensors includes MAX30205.
8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system comprises a communication module operatively coupled with the control unit, and wherein the system can communicate with an external computing device through the communication module.
9. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first set of sensors and the second set of sensors are configured with an initial configuration, wherein the initial configuration includes setting a value for any one or a combination of analog to digital conversion (ADC) resolution, LED pulse width.
10. A method for monitoring temperature and blood oxygen saturation for a user, the method comprising:
sensing, by a first set of sensors, a first set of attributes pertaining to temperature of a user and sensing, by a second set of sensors, a second set of attributes pertaining to blood oxygen saturation of the user;
calculating, by one or more processors, temperature associated with the user based on the first set of attributes and calculating, by one or more processors, blood oxygen saturation associated with the user based on the second set of attributes;
determining, by the one or more processors, at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls within a respective threshold range; and
transmitting, by the one or more processors, an alert signal to a remote

computing device when the at least one of the determined temperature and the determined blood oxygen falls outside the respective threshold range.
, Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wearable devices. In particular, the present disclosure pertains to wearable devices for monitoring blood oxygen saturation, heartrate, and temperature of the user.

BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] Recently consumer interest in personal health has led to a variety of personal health monitoring devices being offered on the market. Such devices, until recently, tended to be complicated to use and were typically designed for use with one activity. Recent advances in sensor, electronics, and power source miniaturization have allowed the size of personal health monitoring devices to be offered in extremely small sizes that were previously impractical.
[0004] In a scenario where the disease spreads through contact with a person and with infectious objects and there are limited resources available for treating the patient as compared to the number of the patients infected with the disease, it may not be possible to examine every person who has secondary symptoms associated with the disease. It poses a challenge of further community spread and increased pressure on the public health infrastructure. In addition, there may be cases where the blood oxygen saturation levels of the users are exceedingly low and the users may not be aware of their level of blood oxygen saturation. In such a situation, the users are in worse health than they realize.
[0005] There is therefore a need in the art for system and method, which overcome above-mentioned and other limitations of existing approaches.
[0006] All publications herein are incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. Where a definition or use of a term in an incorporated reference is inconsistent or contrary to the definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that term provided herein applies and the definition of that term in the reference does not apply.
[0007] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as concentration, reaction conditions, and so forth, used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the invention are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term “about.” Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description and attached claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable. The numerical values presented in some embodiments of the invention may contain certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0008] A general object of the disclosure is to provide system and method that provide an improved system performance compared to existing systems.
[0009] An object of the present disclosure is to provide system and method that measure temperature and blood oxygen saturation at the same time.
[0010] An object of the present disclosure is to provide system and method that monitor the temperature and blood oxygen saturation continuously in predefined set time interval.
[0011] An object of the present disclosure is to provide system and method that require minimum time to determine the temperature and blood oxygen.
[0012] An object of the present disclosure is to provide system and method that involve minimal operational cost.
[0013] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that is economic, reliable, and easy to implement.

SUMMARY
[0014] The present disclosure relates to the field of wearable devices. In particular, the present disclosure pertains to wearable devices for monitoring blood oxygen saturation, heartrate, and temperature of the user.
[0015] An aspect of the present disclosure pertains to a smart wearable device comprising: a first set of sensors configured to sense a first set of attributes pertaining to temperature of a user; a second set of sensors configured to sense a second set of attributes pertaining to bloodoxygen saturation of the user; and a control unit configured with the first and the second set of sensors, the control unit comprising one or more processors communicatively coupled to a memory, the memory storing one or more instructions executable by the one or more processors, the control unit being configured to: calculate temperature associated with the user based on the first set of attributes and calculate blood oxygen saturation associated with the user based on the second set of attributes; determine whether at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls within a respective threshold range; and transmit an alert signal to a remote computing device when at least one of the determined temperature and the determined blood oxygen saturation falls outside the respective threshold range.
[0016] According to an embodiment, each of the first set of attributes and the second set of attributes includes any one or a combination of voltage, current, and resistance.
[0017] According to an embodiment, the second set of sensors comprises a first light emitting diode (LED) and a second LED, the first LED and the second LED being configured to transmit photoplethysmograph(PPG) signals to a body part of the user associated with a first wavelength and a second wavelength, respectively, and wherein the second wavelength is greater than the first wavelength.
[0018] According to an embodiment, the second set of sensors comprises a third LED configured as a reference measure for different parameters associated with the body part of the user.
[0019] According to an embodiment, the second set of sensors comprises a photodetector configured to detect reflected signals corresponding to the first and the second LEDs from the body part of the user.
[0020] According to an embodiment, the control unit is configured to determine alternative current (AC) component and direct current (DC) component of each of the reflected signals corresponding to the first LED and the reflected signals corresponding to the second LED, and wherein the blood oxygen saturation associated with the user is determined based on the AC and DC components.
[0021] According to an embodiment, the alert signal comprises information associated with temperature and blood oxygen saturation of the user, and wherein the first set of sensors include MAX30101 and the second set of sensors include MAX30205.
[0022] According to an embodiment, the system comprises a communication module operatively coupled with the control unit, and wherein the control unit is configured to communicate with an external computing device through the communication module.
[0023] According to an embodiment, the first set of sensors and the second set of sensors are configured with an initial configuration, wherein the initial configuration includes setting a value for any one or a combination of analog to digital conversion (ADC) resolution and LED pulse width.
[0024] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates toa method for monitoring temperature and blood oxygen saturation for a user, the method comprising: sensing, by a first set of sensors, a first set of attributes pertaining to temperature of a user and sensing, by a second set of sensors, a second set of attributes pertaining to bloodoxygen saturation of the user; calculating, by one or more processors, temperature associated with the user based on the first set of attributes and calculating blood oxygen saturation associated with the user based on the second set of attributes; determining, by the one or more processors, at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls within a respective threshold range; and transmitting, by the one or more processors, an alert signal to a remote computing device when the at least one of the determined temperature and the determined blood oxygen falls outside the respective threshold range.
[0025] Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
[0027] FIGs. 1A-1J illustrate section views of a proposed wearable device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary representation of block diagram of the proposed wearable device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary representation of a flow diagram of the second set of sensors with a control unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIGs. 4A-4J illustrate exemplary representations of circuit diagrams of the control unit of the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIGs. 5A-5D illustrate exemplary representations of circuit diagrams of the sensor board of the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIGs. 6A-6F illustrate exemplary representations of circuit diagrams of the power controller of the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary representation of a flow diagram representing a method for monitoring temperature and blood oxygen saturation for a user.
[0034] FIGs. 8A and 8B illustrate exemplary representations of flow diagrams of the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0035] FIGs. 9A and 9B illustrate exemplary representations of a flow diagram for measurement of blood oxygen saturation in the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary representation of a flow diagram for measurement of the temperature in the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary representation of the proposed device connected with a remote computing device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0039] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details.
[0040] Embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a computer program product, which may include a machine-readable storage medium tangibly embodying thereon instructions, which may be used to program a computer (or other electronic devices) to perform a process. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, fixed (hard) drives, magnetic tape, floppy diskettes, optical disks, compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROMs), and magneto-optical disks, semiconductor memories, such as ROMs, PROMs, random access memories (RAMs), programmable read-only memories (PROMs), erasable PROMs (EPROMs), electrically erasable PROMs (EEPROMs), flash memory, magnetic or optical cards, or other type of media/machine-readable medium suitable for storing electronic instructions (e.g., computer programming code, such as software or firmware).
[0041] Various methods described herein may be practiced by combining one or more machine-readable storage media containing the code according to the present invention with appropriate standard computer hardware to execute the code contained therein. An apparatus for practicing various embodiments of the present invention may involve one or more computers (or one or more processors within a single computer) and storage systems containing or having network access to computer program(s) coded in accordance with various methods described herein, and the method steps of the invention could be accomplished by modules, routines, subroutines, or subparts of a computer program product.
[0042] If the specification states a component or feature “may”, “can”, “could”, or “might” be included or have a characteristic, that particular component or feature is not required to be included or have the characteristic.
[0043] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0044] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. Moreover, all statements herein reciting embodiments of the invention, as well as specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass both structural and functional equivalents thereof. Additionally, it is intended that such equivalents include both currently known equivalents as well as equivalents developed in the future (i.e., any elements developed that perform the same function, regardless of structure).
[0045] The present disclosure relates to the field of wearable devices. In particular, the present disclosure pertains to wearable devices for monitoring blood oxygen saturation, heartrate, and temperature of the user.
[0046] An aspect of the present disclosure pertains to a smart wearable device comprising: a first set of sensors configured to sense a first set of attributes pertaining to temperature of a user; a second set of sensors configured to sense a second set of attributes pertaining to bloodoxygen saturation of the user; and a control unit configured with the first and the second set of sensors, the control unit comprising one or more processors communicatively coupled to a memory, the memory storing one or more instructions executable by the one or more processors, the control unit being configured to: calculate temperature associated with the user based on the first set of attributes and calculate blood oxygen saturation associated with the user based on the second set of attributes; determine whether at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls within a respective threshold range; and transmit an alert signal to a remote computing device when the at least one of the determined temperature and the determined blood oxygen saturation falls outside the respective threshold range.
[0047] According to an embodiment, each of the first set of attributes and the second set of attributes includes any one or a combination of voltage, current, and resistance.
[0048] According to an embodiment, the second set of sensors comprises a first light emitting diode (LED) and a second LED, the first LED and the second LED being configured to transmit photoplethysmograph(PPG) signals to a body part of the user associated with a first wavelength and a second wavelength, respectively, and wherein the second wavelength is greater than the first wavelength.
[0049] According to an embodiment, the second set of sensors comprises a third LED configured as a reference measure for different parameters associated with the body part of the user.
[0050] According to an embodiment, the second set of sensors comprises a photodetector configured to detect reflected signals corresponding to the first and the second LEDs from the body part of the user.
[0051] According to an embodiment, the control unit is configured to determine alternative current (AC) component and direct current (DC) component of each of the reflected signals corresponding to the first LED and the reflected signals corresponding to the second LED, and wherein the blood oxygen saturation associated with the user is determined based on the AC and DC components.
[0052] According to an embodiment, the alert signal comprises information associated with temperature and blood oxygen saturation of the user, and wherein the first set of sensors include MAX30101 and the second set of sensors include MAX30205.
[0053] According to an embodiment, the system comprises a communication module operatively coupled with the control unit, and wherein the control unit is configured to communicate with an external computing device through the communication module.
[0054] According to an embodiment, the first set of sensors and the second set of sensors are configured with an initial configuration, wherein the initial configuration includes setting a value for any one or a combination of analog to digital conversion (ADC) resolution and LED pulse width.
[0055] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for monitoring temperature and blood oxygen saturation for a user, the method comprising: sensing, by a first set of sensors, a first set of attributes pertaining to temperature of a user and sensing, by a second set of sensors, a second set of attributes pertaining to bloodoxygen saturation of the user; calculating, by one or more processors, temperature associated with the user based on the first set of attributes and calculating blood oxygen saturation associated with the user based on the second set of attributes; determining, by the one or more processors, at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls within a respective threshold range; and transmitting, by the one or more processors, an alert signal to a remote computing device when the at least one of the determined temperature and the determined blood oxygen falls outside the respective threshold range.
[0056] Embodiments of the present disclosure relates to the wearable devices particularly smart wearable device, which is not only ergonomic for use by the user but also robustly tracks body attributes such as body temperature, blood oxygen saturation, and heart rate. These attributes are centrally monitored with an alert system to call in the health services when required.
[0057] FIGs. 1A-1J illustrate section views of a proposed wearable device 100, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The wearable device 100 may be worn by a user such as patient, employee and so on, on his/her body parts such as the wrist and so on. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the proposed device 100 may be used with different wearable configuration. The wearable device 100 (also referred to as device 100) may be employed with non-invasive near infrared technology to monitor blood oxygen saturation and body temperature of the user on a continuous basis. The device 100 may be capable of estimating body vitals such as oxygen saturation (SpO2), body temperature, heartrate, and so on, to determine a health status of the user, particularly whether the user is expressing symptoms of the disease and whether the health services need to be alerted or not.
[0058] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary representation of block diagram of the proposed wearable device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The wearable device 100 may include a sensor board 102 that may include a first set of sensors 103 and a second set of sensors105. The first set of sensors 103 may be configured to sense a first set of attributes pertaining to temperature of a user. The first set of attributes may include anyone or a combination of voltage, current, resistance, and so on.Based on the measurement of voltage, current, resistance and so on, the temperature associated with the user may be determined. In an embodiment, sensing the temperature of the user may be performed within a predefined time period such as 1 minute to continuously monitor the health status of the user.In an embodiment, the second set of sensors 105 may be configured to sense a second set of attributes pertaining to bloodoxygen saturation of the user. In an embodiment, the second set of attributes may be pertaining toheart rate of the user. The second set of attributes may include anyone or a combination of voltage, current, resistance, and so on.
[0059] In an embodiment, the device 100 may include a control unit 109 that may be configured to receive the first set of attributes and the second set of attributes pertaining to such as temperature, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2)of the user from the sensor board 102. The control unit 109 may be configured to calculate temperature associated with the user based on the first set of attributes. The control unit 109 may further calculate blood oxygen saturation associated with the user based on the second set of attributes. The control unit 109 may then be configured to determine whether at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls outside a respective threshold range. In an exemplary embodiment, the threshold range for SpO2 may be considered as 93% - 100% of nominal value. In case, when at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls below the respective threshold, the control unit 109 may be configured to generate an alert signal to alert the nearest health/emergency services about the health status of the user. The alert signal may include location of the user, heart rate, temperature and other associated information of the user. In an embodiment, the control unit 109 may be implemented as an opto-electronic circuitry to estimate various parameters such as temperature, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturationassociated with a user.
[0060] In an aspect, the control unit 109 may include one or more processor(s) that may be implemented as any or a combination of one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, logic circuitries, and/or any devices that manipulate data based on operational instructions. Among other capabilities, the one or more processor(s) are configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory 111 of the device 100. The memory 111 may store one or more computer-readable instructions or routines, which may be fetched and executed to create or share the data units over a network service. The memory 111 may comprise any non-transitory storage device including, for example, volatile memory such as RAM, or non-volatile memory such as EPROM, flash memory, and the like. In an embodiment, the control unit 109 may be implemented with one or more printed circuit boards (PCB), a motherboard, and one or more interfaces to communicate with other units/modules of the device 100.
[0061] The second set of sensors 105 may include a set of light emitting diodes (LEDs) that may be configured to transmit a set of signals to one or more body parts of the user. The set of LEDs may include a first LED and a second LED, where the first LED and the second LED may be configured to transmit photoplethysmograph (PPG) signals to the one or more body parts of the user, where the PPG signals may be associated with different wavelengths. In particular, the wavelength of the second LED is greater than the wavelength of the first LED. The set of LEDs may further include a third LED configured as a reference measure for different parameters associated with the body part of the user. In example, the third LED may be used for calibration for skins of different body parts of the user. In an exemplary embodiment, the first, second, and third LED may be red, infrared, and greed LEDs respectively. In an example, green LED, red LED, and IR LED may be associated with wavelength 530 nm, 630 nm, and 880 nm, respectively.
[0062] In an embodiment, the second set of sensors 107 may include a photodetector configured to detect reflected signals corresponding to the first and the second LEDs from the body part of the user.Depending upon the wavelength of the light reflected from the body parts, the control unit 109 may determine various parameterssuch as heart rate and SpO2 associated with the user. In particular, a ratio of oxygenated hemoglobin to deoxygenated hemoglobin (SpO2) may be determined from photoplethysmographic (PPG) values produced from the IR LED and red LED. The reflected signals from the one or more body parts may be in the form of analog signals, which may be converted into digital signals measured within a short time duration.The digital signals may be arranged in an increasing order and thereby forming a wave-like pattern. The wave like pattern may also be smoothened using moving averaging, which is called flip-wave method. The control unit 109 may be configured to determine alternative current (AC) component and direct current (DC) component of the reflected signals,which may be in the form of wave like pattern, where the reflected signals may correspond to the first LED and the second LED. The peak value of the wave may be the peak AC value and the average level of the waveform may be its DC component.The DC and AC components of both the LEDs are different because of different wavelengths. The AC and DC components may be calculated using straight line approximation methods.The control unit 109 may further determine a ratiobased on the AC and DC componentscomputed as described above. This ratio may be linearly dependentonSpO2.
Ratio(R) = (AC Red/DC Red)/ (AC IR/DC IR).
The AC component from the PPG signal may be calculated using a FIR filter where the device uses Hamming window function. The average value and the peak value of the AC component may be calculated. The rms value is also calculated from the PPG signal. Based on the ratio, the control unit may be configured to determine blood oxygen saturation.The green LED may be considered as a reference measure to calibrate for different users with differing parameters such as skin thickness, skin colour etc. It may help to give more accurate and similar readings across people of different BMI, race, etc. In this way, the control unit 109 may determine the blood oxygen associated with the user. Similarly, the control unit may determine temperature associated with the user based on the first set of attributes sensed by the first set of sensors.
[0063] In an example, the second set ofsensors 105 may be implemented as oximeter and heart rate monitor modules such as but not limited to MAX30101, whereas the first set of sensors103 may be implemented as modules such as but not limited to MAX30205.
[0064] In an embodiment, the device 100 may also comprise an interface(s) that may comprise a variety of interfaces, for example, interfaces for data input and output devices, referred to as I/O devices, storage devices, and the like. The interface(s) may facilitate communication of the device 100 with various devices coupled to the device 100 such as an input unit and an output unit. The interface(s) may also provide a communication pathway for one or more components of the device 100.
[0065] In an embodiment, the device 100 may include a power controller 107 that may include power source and charging circuit 107-1 and a regulator and boosting circuit 107-2. In an embodiment, the power source and charging circuit 107-1 may include the power source that may be configured to supply an electrical power to one or more components of the wearable device 100. In an example, the power source may include rechargeable Li-ion batteries, which may be capable of supplying the electrical power for a large duration. In an exemplary embodiment, the capacity of the battery in the device may be 1050mAh. In an embodiment, the electrical power may be received from an external power source through a wired connection or wireless connection.
[0066] In an embodiment, the regulator and boosting circuit 107-2 may be configured to control the charging of the battery. In an exemplary embodiment, the regulator and boosting circuit 107-2 may include any or a combination of step up voltage converter, step down voltage converter, switching elements such as transistor, mosfet and so on, current controlled devices, and so on, to charge the battery at desired voltage and current.
[0067] In an embodiment, the device 200 may include a display unit 113 that may be configured to provide the resultsobtained by the control unit 109. The display unit 113 may include an OLED display that may present values of one or more attributes such as temperature, heart rate, and SpO2of the user.
[0068] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary representation of the flow diagram of the second set of sensors with a control unit, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0069] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the control unit 109 may be configured to instruct the set of LEDs– IR 302, red 303, and green 304, to emit PPG signals 305, which may be transmitted to the one or more body parts of the user 306. The reflected set of signals 307 may be directed towards photodiode 308, which may detect the reflected set of signals. The detected set of signals may be sent to the control unit which mayextract characteristics from the reflected set of signals. In particular, the reflected set of signals may be in the form of waves. The extraction of characteristic may include AC components and DC components from the reflected signals for each of IR 303, red 303, and greed 304 LEDs.Based on the extracted characteristic, the control unit 109 may be configured to determine the SpO2 associated with the user.
[0070] FIGs. 4A-4J illustrate exemplary representations of circuit diagrams of the control unit of the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0071] FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary representation of controller e.g., MDBT50Q (with BT5.0 stack module). As an example, the controller mayinclude an ARM cortex M4 32-bit processor with Bluetooth 5.0 connectivity.
[0072] FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary representation of connections for a Red LED for sensor feedback like Bluetooth connection error signal, over temperature signal, etc.
[0073] FIG. 4C illustrates an exemplary representation of connections for a Blue LED which is a sensor feedback led that shows whether a proper connection to the Bluetooth has been made or not.
[0074] FIG. 4D illustrates an exemplary representation of connections for a Green LED for the sensor feedback in the time of reading of sensor parameters for the user.
[0075] FIG. 4E illustrates an exemplary representation of a panic button connection which resets the wearable device in case of emergency and gives an alert signal to the user through buzzer or SMS through mobile.
[0076] FIG. 4F illustrates an exemplary representation ofMCP740N is the real time clock (RTC) which provides the date, time, day, week, month and year to the watch. The leap year can be adjusted in the IC. This figure shows the connections for the RTC.
[0077] FIG. 4F illustrates an exemplary representation of a quad buffer such as 74ABT125 IC, which connects the SD CARD with the microcontroller for logging the data recorded. It gives the bus lines from the controller to the SD CARD reader. FIG. 4F shows the connections for proper working of integrated circuit (IC) on-board.
[0078] FIG. 4H illustrates an exemplary representation of a SD Card reader which is the slot for the SD card and connects to the microcontroller through the quad buffer. FIG. 4H shows the connection diagram for the SD card reader connector.
[0079] FIG. 4I illustrates an exemplary representation of a berg connector which includes serial communication pins.
[0080] FIG. 4J illustrates an exemplary representation of connections for the mating connector between the main controller board and the addon OLED display board.
[0081] In an example, the control unit 109 can be implemented with a controller board including MDBT50Q _NRF52840/NRF52832 based BLE module. The controller board may also include a microcontroller or microprocessor that may have ARM cortex-M4 32 bit processor. It may also include an SD card driver, microSD card holder, mating connector between the microcontroller and an addon board.
[0082] In an embodiment, the microcontroller may be Bluetooth enabled and connect with the mobile of the user or with the common mac no. of the Bluetooth enabled Mobile. At every reading of the temperature and the Spo2, the location of the usermay be transmitted to the device through application, and may be displayed in the device, and also stored in memory storage devices such as the SD card.
[0083] FIGs.5A-5D illustrate exemplary representations of circuit diagrams of the sensor board of the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.As illustrated, the sensor board 102 may include a second set of sensors which may be MAX30101 and first set of sensors which may be MAX30205.
[0084] FIG. 5A illustrates an exemplary representation of soldering pads for the MAX30101 and MAX301205 sensors.
[0085] FIG. 5B illustrates an exemplary representation of the first set of sensors e.g. MAX30205 which measures the body temperature. It meets the clinical thermometry accuracy of ASTM E1112. In an example, the first set of sensors may measure temperature in the range of 0 0C to 50 0C with an accuracy of 0.1 0C. The sensor may convert the temperature to analog voltage and then to digital using the 16-bit ADC and finally may send it to the microcontroller via the I2C communication (SDA, SCL lines). FIG. 5A shows the connections for this IC.
[0086] FIG. 5C illustrates an exemplary representation of IR led and the photodiode which is an optional feature not used in the present disclosure.
[0087] FIG. 5D illustrates an exemplary representation of the first set of sensors e.g. MAX30205, which includes 3 LEDs with different wavelengths, green led with 530 nm, Red led with 670nm and IR led with 880 nm wavelength. With the help of LED drivers, the LEDs may produce PPG signals to the one or more body parts and the reflected waves may reach back to the device. The reflected wave may be captured by the photodiode on the board of wavelength sensitivity range 640-980nm. The analog to digital converter associated with 18bit may convert the analog signal to digital signal and then may send the data to the microcontroller through the I2C communication (SDA, SCL lines on the max chips). FIG. 5D shows the connections for this IC.
[0088] FIGs.6A-6F illustrate exemplary representations of circuit diagrams of the power controller of the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The power controller 107 may include a charging circuit, and regulator and boosting circuit. The power controller 107 may also include a protection circuit that may protect the power source such as a battery with high voltage and high current. In an example, the power controller may include a standalone Li-ion battery charge controller such as MCP73833 that may control the charging and send interrupt signals when the battery is discharged below minimum threshold. It may also provide a reverse discharge protection which may protect the entire system. In an example, the charging current of the battery may be set up to 1A. It may also monitor the temperature of the battery.
[0089] FIG. 6A illustrates an exemplary representation ofSTMicroelectronics chipe.g., STC3115, which isa STMicroelectronics chip for measuring the battery voltage using current sensing, current, and temperature. The coulomb counter in the IC tracks the state of charge of the battery while charging at a high rate. A sigma delta analog to digital convertermay convert the measured voltage, current, temperature to digital signals. This figure shows the connections for this IC.
[0090] FIG. 6B illustrates an exemplary representation of a battery charging controller e.g., MCP73833 IC, which may maintain a constant voltage, current while charging the battery. It may also provide under voltage lockout of the battery and may provide an alarm signal. FIG. 6B shows the connections for this IC required for the correct operation.
[0091] FIG. 6C illustrates an exemplary representation of MCP1700, LTC3499,which may provide a predefined voltage such as 1.8V, 5V to the circuit and the rest of the boards respectively. The MCP1700 is a microchip technologies IC that is used in the system to generate 1.8V output from 4.2 V. The LTC3499 is a linear technologies IC that is used in the system to generate 5V output from 4.2V input using an internal boosting circuit. The element in the schematic for this IC is U4In an example, the 1.8V is used by the MAX30101 for supply, and 5V is used by the MAX30101 for powering the LEDs. FIG. 6C shows the hardware configuration for generating the correct voltages using the ICs.
[0092] FIG. 6D illustrates an exemplary representation of apower button for the wearable device to switch on and off.
[0093] FIG. 6E illustrates an exemplary representation of asingle output Low Dropout(LDO) regulator e.g., MIC5504, which is used to take output voltage e.g., 3.3V which is used for main Microcontroller, MAX30101, MAX30205, accelerometer etc. This figure shows the connection configuration for generating 3.3V using the IC.
[0094] FIG. 6F illustrates an exemplaryrepresentation of a battery protection and the charging circuit e.g., The BQ2970. It provides Over charge protection (OVP), over discharge protection (or under voltage protection, UVP), charge overcurrent detection (OCC), discharge overcurrent detection (OCD), Load short circuit detection (SCP). This figure shows the connections for this IC.
[0095] FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary representation of a flow diagram representing a method for monitoring temperature and blood oxygen saturation for a user. At step 701, a first set of attributes and a second set of attributes may be determined, where the first set of attributes may be pertaining to temperature of a user and the second set of attributes may be pertaining to blood oxygen saturation of the user. At step 702, temperature associated with the user may be calculated based on the first set of attributes. Further, blood oxygen saturation associated with the user may be calculated based on the second set of attributes. At step 703, it is determined whether at least one of the temperature and the blood oxygen saturation falls within a respective threshold range. At step 704, an alert signal may be transmitted to a remote computing device when the at least one of the determined temperature and the determined blood oxygen falls outside the respective threshold range.
[0096] FIGs.8A and 8B illustrate exemplary representations of flow diagrams of the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, the device 100 may be provided with a reset button which enables resetting the device at step 801. The resetting may refer to re-estimation of the temperature and SpO2 associated with the user. In an embodiment, the device 100 may be provided with a panic button. In case of any emergency, the panic button may be pressed (step 802) to generate an alert message which can be transmitted to remote computing devices (step 803). Then, at step804, it may be determined whether the device needs to be connected to external remote computing devices. In case, it is determined that the device 100 needs to be connected to the external remote computing devices, the device may check whether the remote computing device is available for the connection (step 805). When the remote computing device is available for the connection, the device 100 may establish a connection with the remote computing devices through communication module such as bluetooth low energy (BLE) module and so on as per the step 806, where the BLE module may include, by way of example but not limited to, NRF52832/840 BLE module, whose connectivity range may be up to 400 meters. Additionally or alternatively, it may be determined whether there are any storage devices or memory such as pendrive or memory card being connected to the device 100at step 807. In case there is no storage devices, the control unit may be informed that there is no storage devices at step 808. Then, the first set of sensors may be initiatedwith an initial configuration (step 809). As a subsequent step, the second set of sensors may be initiated with an initial configuration (step 810). In an example, the MAX30101 may be initiated in multiple led SpO2 mode. In an example, the initial configuration may include limiting the led current between a predefined range such as 0 to 51mA, limiting samples per second, and the analog to digital conversion (ADC) resolution, and led pulse width. In an example, the ADC bit resolution may be fixed as 16 bit and the current may be kept above a threshold e.g.10mA in order to make the device power efficient. The pulse width of LED may be limited to 118 µs and LED sampling rate may be allowed up to 400 samples per second. These configurations may enable the device to operate efficiently. The pulse width and the current may linearly depend on the input power of the device. In an example, the temperature measurement may be initiated by MAX30205 in one shot mode to make the device energy efficient. At step 811, the data associated with reflection of IR LED may be obtained. Based on the data, parameters such as SpO2, and heart rate may be measured. Further, temperature may also be measured by first set of sensors. The sensor may communicate with the control unit through I2C communication. The control unit may transmit the measured parameters into a report file to one or more remote computing devices through the communication module (step 812). In an embodiment, the communication module may convert the report file into another format such as but not limited to .txt file (step 813). In another embodiment, the report file may be stored in the storage devices (step 814). A time delay may then be sent to the communication module to ensure the file is sent before the shutdown/sleep mode (step 815). Then, the device may be operated in a sleep mode for a short time duration such as 15 sec (step 816). The device 100 may also monitor the battery status of the device and interrupt the operation of the device when charging status of the battery is below a certain range. In an exemplary embodiment, maximum power consumption of the device may be less than 3.5W.
[0097] FIGs.9A and 9B illustrate exemplary representations of a flow diagram for measurement of the SpO2 in the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The process for measurement of the SpO2starts with step 901, as illustrated in FIG. 9A. At step 901, the second set of sensors such as MAX30101 may be configured with an initial configuration. At step 902, MAX30101 can be initialized with the initial configuration. At step 903, MAX30101 may be configured to operate in Multi-LED SpO2 mode. At step 904, the MAX30101 may be reset and data may be read through first in first out (FIFO) method (step 905). At step 906, data of three different LED may get associated with three different variables. At step 907,MAX30101 may then be shut down.
[0098] FIG. 9B illustrates measurement of the SpO2 through processing of the LED data. At step 908, data associated with reflected signals corresponding to LEDs may be processed to determine mean value and peak value of corresponding signals. At step 909, AC and DC components of data associated with reflected signals corresponding to LEDs -both IR and red LEDmay be determined. At step 910, a numerator may be determined as a ratio of AC component of reflected signals for red LED to DC component of reflected signals for red LED. At step 911, a denominator may be determined as a ratio of AC component of IR LED to DC component of IR LED. At step 912, a ratio of numerator to the denominator may be determined. At step 913, SpO2 may be determined based on the ratio determined in step 712. In particular, SpO2 may be determined as follows:
SpO2 = (110 – (25* ratio))
[0099] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary representation of a flow diagram for measurement of the temperature in the proposed device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The process for measurement of the temperature starts with step 1001. At step 1001, first set of sensors such as MAX30205 may be configured with an initial configuration. At step 1002, MAX30205 may be shut down. At step 1003, the most significant bit (MSB) of a configuration register of MAX30205 may be set. At step 1004, temperature reading may be obtained. At step 1005, sensors may be allowed to operate in a sleep mode. At step 1006, temperature may be converted in a particular format such as Fahrenheit. In an embodiment, the step 1006 may not need to be performed, or may be considered as an optional step. Additionally or alternatively, the temperature can be determined in Celsius or Kelvin. In an exemplary embodiment, an operational temperature range of the device 100 may vary from 0°C to 50°C.
[00100] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary representation of the proposed device connected with the remote computing device, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 100 may be connected to the remote computing device through a communication module. In an embodiment, the monitored blood oxygen saturation and body temperature may be transmitted to a remote computing device 1100 over a channel. The wearable device 100 can communicate with the remote computing device 1100via a low point-to-point communication protocol such as Bluetooth®. In other embodiments, the wearable device 100 may also communicate via other various protocols and technologies such as WiFi®, WiMax®, iBeacon®, and near field communication (NFC). In other embodiments, the wearable device 100 may connect in a wired manner to remote computing devices. The remote computing device may represent the temperature and other attributes on its display on an android/iOS application configured as shown in FIG. 11. The remote computing device may monitor the one or more attributes by determining whether the received set of attributes are within the predefined range or not. In an embodiment, the remote computing device may be connected through a server. The attributes received from the device may be transmitted to the server, which can be accessed by clinicians or the public health department. When there is an increase in body temperature or drop in oxygen saturation level beyond admissible limits, the health officials can be alerted through a message to their computing devices.
[00101] The present disclosure provides a wearable device that is capable of monitoring temperature as well as blood oxygen saturation of the user to monitor a health status of the user. The wearable can generate an alert signal, when one or more of such attributes are outside a threshold range, to notify emergency services, so that an appropriate action can be taken. Thus, the wearable device may be helpful in public health management at the time of a pandemic. It may also ease the burden on testing facilities and health infrastructure by being able to monitor asymptomatic patients remotely.
[00102] While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be clear that the invention is not limited to these embodiments only. Numerous modifications, changes, variations, substitutions, and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as described in the claim.
[00103] In the foregoing description, numerous details are set forth. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure, that the present disclosurecan be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, to avoid obscuring the present invention.
[00104] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the disclosure, other and further embodiments of the disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The disclosure is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the disclosure when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
[00105] The present disclosure provides system and method that provide an improved system performance compared to existing systems.
[00106] The present disclosure provides system and method that can measure temperature and blood oxygen saturation at the same time.
[00107] The present disclosure providessystem and method that monitor the temperature and blood oxygen saturation continuously in a predefined set time interval.
[00108] The present disclosure provides system and method that require minimum time to determine the temperature and blood oxygen.
[00109] The present disclosure provides system and method that involves minimal operational cost.