FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
[See section 10 and rule 13]
1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION: SOLAR CHARGE OPTIMIZING SYSTEM
2. APPLICANT:

a) NAME: Global Towers Limited
b) NATIONALITY: India
c) ADDRESS:
c/o: Blue Crane; 201, 2nd floor, Peninsula Chambers,
Peninsula Corporate Park, G. K. Marg, Lower Parel (W), Mumbai: 400013
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a complete specification claiming benefit from
provisional application number 1125/Mum/2011 filed on April 1st 2011.
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a solar charge optimizing
system. More particularly the present invention is directed to a solar charge
optimizing system for use in a telecommunication industry.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Typically, as is known in the art, a telecom site comprises a tower
that supports the antennae for transmission and reception, and a confined space
{i.e., a shelter: for indoor sites) that houses at least one base transreceiver
station (BTS) and other infra-equipment such as battery, switch mode power
supply (SMPS), etc. and equipments that maintain the environment within the
confined space, for example, an air-conditioning (AC) unit. All the above mentioned equipments require a continuous source of power in varying extents to
ensure a smooth functioning of the telecom site.
In addition to power supply obtained from an electricity board
(EB), many of the telecom sites employ alternate power sources including
battery, and other renewable sources like wind and solar. Numerous efforts have
been directed towards maximizing energy production using renewable sources.
Photo Voltaic (PV) cells that form the backbone of a solar renewable energy
source have a single operating point where the values of the current (I) and

Voltage (V) of the PV cell result in a maximum power output. These values
correspond to a particular load resistance, which is equal to V/l as specified by
Ohm's Law. The power P is given by P=V*I. A PV cell has an exponential
relationship between current and voltage, and the maximum power point (MPP)
occurs at the knee of the curve where dP/dV=0. At this point the characteristic
resistance equals that of a load resistance as known to one skilled in the art.
Traditionally solar inverters were employed to identify the
maximum power point for an entire array as a whole. In such systems the same
current, dictated by the inverter, flows though all panels in the string. Different
panels may have different current-voltage (IV) curves, i.e., different maximum
power points. The difference in IV curves may be due to manufacturing
tolerance, partial shading in places where the solar panels are installed, soiling of
the solar panels, etc.. Accordingly, using a solar inverter may result in some
panels performing below their maximum power point, resulting in the loss of
energy. Certain methods to improve the power extraction included placing peak
power point converters i.e., MPPT in individual panels, allowing each to operate
at peak efficiency despite uneven shading, soiling, electrical mismatch, etc..
Maximum power point trackers (MPPT) are utilized in art to search
for this point and thus to allow the converter circuit to extract the maximum power available from a PV cell. In other words, the MPPT is a high efficiency DC to DC converter that presents an optimal electrical load to a solar panel or array and produces a voltage suitable for the load. The MPPT employs some type of control circuit or logic to achieve maximum power extraction. At night, an off-grid PV power system may use batteries to supply its loads. Although the battery pack voltage when fully charged may be close to the PV array's peak power

point, this is unlikely to be true at sunrise when the battery is partially discharged. Charging may begin at a voltage considerably below the array peak power point, and the MPPT is employed to resolve this mismatch.
Typically, in an event when the batteries in an off-grid system are
fully charged and PV production exceeds local loads, a MPPT can no longer operate the array at its peak power point as the excess power has nowhere to go. The MPPT may then shift the array operating point away from the peak power point until production exactly matches demand. An alternative approach may include diverting surplus power generated from the PV cells into a resistive load, and thus allowing the array to operate continuously at its peak power point. In a grid-tied photovoltaic system, the grid is essentially a battery
with near infinite capacity. The grid can always absorb surplus PV power, and it can cover shortfalls in PV production (e.g., at night). Batteries are thus needed only for protection from grid outages. The MPPT in a grid tied PV system will always operate the array at its peak power point unless the grid fails when the batteries are full and there are insufficient local loads. The MPPT would then have to back the array away from its peak power point as in the off-grid case (which the MPPT may temporarily function as). Thus, in locales where there is excess generation of solar power, there always needs to be an arrangement to absorb the surplus PV power as the MPPT is only programmed to derive the maximum power.
Thus there is a need for an improved and cost effective solar
charge optimizing system that may assist in optimizing the usage of solar energy producing photovoltaic modules by generating and sharing only the required

amount of solar energy, and thus help in reducing the operating costs for any solar charge producing and using systems.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
In one embodiment, is provided a solar charge optimizing system.
The solar charge optimizing system comprises a master controller module, at least one slave module, and at least one photovoltaic module, wherein the slave module is configured to feed solar power derived from the photovoltaic module to a battery backup and a load, wherein the master controller module is configured to monitor the battery backup and the load, wherein the slave module is configured to communicate with the master controller module, and wherein the master controller module is configured to provide a command to the slave module.
In another embodiment, is provided a solar charge optimizing
method. The method provides at least one solar charge optimizing system comprising a master controller module, at least one slave module, and at least one photovoltaic module. The slave module is configured to feed solar power derived from the photovoltaic module to a battery backup and a load. The master controller module is configured to monitor the battery backup and the load. The slave module is configured to communicate with the master controller module. The master controller module is configured to provide a command to the slave module.
In yet another embodiment, a method of using a solar charge
optimizing system is provided. The method provides at least one solar charge optimizing system comprising a master controller module, at least one slave module, and at least one photovoltaic module. The slave module is configured to

feed solar power derived from the photovoltaic module to a battery backup and a
load. The master controller module is configured to monitor the battery backup
and the load. The slave module is configured to communicate with the master
controller module and provide information to the master controller module on the
output voltage generated by the slave module. The master controller module is
configured to provide a command to the slave module to decrease or increase
the output voltage generated by the slave module. The slave module is configured to function in a buck configuration or a boost configuration to decrease or increase respectively the output voltage generated by the slave
module.
By employing the above discussed solar charge optimizing system
and method of the slave module communicating to the master controller module
and the master controller module accordingly commanding the slave module to
provide the required output voltage, efficient usage of available solar energy is
made possible thereby resulting in considerable and sizeable energy and cost
savings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a pictorial illustration of a solar charge optimizing system
in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an internal circuitry of a solar
charge optimizing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present
disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an internal circuitry of a solar
charge optimizing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present
disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an internal circuitry of a solar
charge optimizing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Embodiments of the invention as disclosed herein provide an
improved system for optimizing solar charge derivatization from a photovoltaic module when compared to solar charge controller systems available in the prior art. As known in the art a photovoltaic module may include a single photovoltaic cell or a large number of photovoltaic cells connected together. A primary advantage and function of the solar charge optimizing system disclosed is to regulate and optimize the use of a solar charge providing photovoltaic module. The solar charge optimizing system comprises a master controller module, at least one slave module, and at least one photovoltaic module, wherein the slave module is configured to feed solar power derived from the photovoltaic module to a battery backup and a load, wherein the master controller module is configured to monitor the battery backup and the load, wherein the slave module is configured to communicate with the master controller module, and wherein the master controller module is configured to provide a command to the slave module. The slave module may also be at times referred to as the slave controller or the slave controller module. The master controller module may at times be referred to as the master controller or the supervisory circuit. A method of regulating and optimizing usage of solar charge generated by a solar charge generating photovoltaic module is also provided. A method of using a solar charge optimizing system is also provided. The method provides a solar charge optimizing system comprising a master controller module, at least one slave

module, and at least one photovoltaic module. The slave module is configured to feed solar power derived from the photovoltaic module to a battery backup and a load. The master controller module is configured to monitor the battery backup and the load. The slave module is configured to communicate with the master controller module and provide information to the master controller module on the output voltage generated by the slave module. The master controller module is configured to provide a command to the slave module to decrease or increase the output voltage generated by the slave module. The slave module is configured to function in a buck configuration or a boost configuration to decrease or increase respectively the output voltage generated by the slave module.
In one embodiment, the solar charge optimizing system comprises
a common power circuit. Many electrical components of the master controller module and the slave modules are shared to provide a system having lesser number of electrical components. For example, if the master controller modules and the slave modules individually require about 10 electrical components each including capacitors, resistors, inductors, etc. then the total number of electrical components required may be about 20. In some embodiments, as described herein, the slave module may share the electrical elements when functioning in a buck configuration or a boost configuration. Accordingly separate internal circuits may not be required to achieve the buck configuration and the boost configuration. In the present system, some of these electrical components including the capacitors, resistors, inductors, etc. are shared, and the total number of electrical components may be reduced, for example, the total number of electrical components may be about 13. The sharing of electrical components

results in providing a system having an overall effect in reducing the cost of
manufacturing the system and hence the cost of the system itself.
The solar charge optimizing system as discussed herein
comprises a master controller module. In one embodiment, the master controller
module is configured to command multiple slaves. One skilled in the art will
appreciate that a master controller module may be configured to command any
number of slave modules. In one embodiment, the master controller module is
configured to command about one hundred and twenty eight slave modules. In
one embodiment, the solar charge optimizing system may include a module
comprising one master controller module and three slave modules. In various
embodiments, many such modules may be combined together and used to
optimize the solar charge derived from the photovoltaic module. In
embodiments, where more than one module may be employed the master
controller module of a first module may be configured to function as the master of
all the other modules. Accordingly the master controller modules of the
subsequent modules may be termed as slave modules and the slave modules of
the subsequent modules may be termed as sub-slave modules.
In one embodiment, each slave module of the solar charge
optimizing system described herein may be connected to a single photovoltaic module, in another embodiment, each slave module may be connected to multiple photovoltaic modules, for example, a single photovoltaic panel. In yet another embodiment, each slave module may be connected to multiple photovoltaic panels. One skilled in the art may easily determine the number of slave modules and the number of photovoltaic panels that can be connected to each other.

Each slave module is connected to the photovoltaic module or to
the photovoltaic panel through an MPPT. As discussed above, the MPPT is a maximum power point tracker, and assists the slave module to derive the maximum power generated by the photovoltaic module or the photovoltaic panel to which it is connected. MPPTs can be designed to drive an electric motor without a storage battery. They provide significant advantages, especially when starting a motor under load. This can require a starting current that is well above the short-circuit rating of the PV panel. A MPPT can step the panel's relatively high voltage and low current down to the low voltage and high current needed to start the motor. Once the motor is running and its current requirements have dropped, the MPPT will automatically increase the voltage to normal. In this application, the MPPT can be seen as an electrical analogue to the transmission in a car; the low gears provide extra torque to the wheels until the car is up to speed.
The solar energy derived by the slave module from the
photovoltaic module or panel forms the input voltage to the slave module. The input voltage from the slave module is then fed as an output voltage to the battery backup, or to the load, or to both the battery backup and the load. Typically, the output obtained from the photovoltaic module is shared and accordingly fed to the load and to battery backup.
In one embodiment, the load and the battery backup may be
connected to the salve controller in a parallel configuration. In one embodiment, the master controller module commands the slave module to optimally share the solar energy derived from the photovoltaic module or panel and provide the necessary voltage to the load and the battery backup in a shared manner. For

example, the master controller module may command each slave module to provide about 10 percent of the voltage required. In certain events, if a particular photovoltaic panel is malfunctioning for one or many reasons mentioned above, or if the MPPT connecting the panel to the slave module is malfunctioning, or the slave module itself is malfunctioning, the particular slave module may provide less than the specified amount of voltage, for example 5 percent. The master controller module may then command the rest of the stave modules to provide the balance voltage requirement. Thus, the slave modules may function in a buck configuration or in a boost configuration based on the functioning of the available slave modules and the resultant command given by the master controller module.
If one of the slave modules is providing less than the required
amount of voltage, this discrepancy is communicated to the master controller module by the slave module. The master controller module may then command the faulty slave to provide the required amount of voltage. The slave module may then proceed to function in a boost configuration and try to provide the maximum output possible. However, if the slave is not able to provide the required voltage even in the boost configuration or on the other hand fails to function in the boost configuration, this discrepancy is communicated to the master controller module. This helps to clearly identify the malfunctioning of a slave module, its corresponding MPPT and its corresponding photovoltaic panel and make the necessary rectifications and repairs. Accordingly, when the faulty slave module is unable to boost the voltage based on the command from the master controller module, the master controller module commands the rest of the slave modules to provide a higher voltage. The rest of the slave modules that

are in good working conditioning boost their voltage output. Similarly, if the master controller module commands the slave modules to provide a lower voltage the slave modules buck their voltage output.
As used herein, the terms "boost" and "buck", are used to indicate
the configuration in which the slave module is operating based on the command received from the master controller module. The "boost" and "buck" configuration is directly based on the input and output voltage limits. If the input voltage required to the load and to the battery backup required from a particular slave module is less than the required output voltage of the slave module, the slave module is commanded to increase its output voltage and the slave module responds by functioning in a boost configuration. If the input voltage required to the load and to the battery backup required from a particular slave module is more than the required output voltage of the slave module, the slave module is commanded to decrease its output voltage and the slave module responds by functioning in a buck configuration.
Additionally, the output voltage of the slave module is limited by a
lower limiting voltage and a higher limiting voltage. The lower limiting voltage may correspond to the minimum voltage commanded by the master controller module. The higher liming voltage may correspond to the maximum voltage that can be generated by a slave module from a given photovoltaic module or panel while using an MPPT.
Providing required voltage to the load is always given a higher
priority over providing required voltage for charging the battery backup. For example, if a solar charge generating system connected to a battery backup and a load, and the system is supposed to generate an output voltage of about 100

volts, and additionally the output voltage is equally shared between the load and the battery backup i.e., 50 volts each. In a certain instance if the solar energy system provides only 80 volts, wherein 50 volts are fed to back up and 30 volts are fed to the foad, the load will use another 20 volts from the battery backup to meet its requirement of 50 volts. The battery thus gets charged by 50 volts, and gets discharged by 20 volts.
In one embodiment, the battery charge capacity and the battery
maximum charging current values are programmed in the master controller
module. As mentioned above the master controller module monitors the battery
charge status. In above example, where the battery is getting charged, but is
also getting discharged to provide the balance load, the master controller module
monitors the discharge of the battery and accordingly commands the slave
modules to provide additional voltage to the battery backup. The slave modules
receive this command and proceed to function in the boost configuration to their
maximum capable limit. Thus, typically the slave modules functioning more often
in a boost configuration is a clear indication of malfunctioning of the solar energy
generating system, as the master controller module commands increased
production only when there is a decrease in the output voltage from the slave
modules and the decrease in the output voltage is in one embodiment directly
related to malfunctioning of the solar charge generating system.
Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic representation 100 of a prototype
110 of a solar charge optimizing system 110 in accordance with embodiments of the instant disclosure is provided. The prototype 110 shows three slave modules 112, 114, and 116 disposed in a master controller module 118. The prototype 110 also includes a number of digital displays 120, liquid crystal displays (LCD)

124, and alarm displays 122. In one embodiment light emitting diodes (LED) may be used for the alarm displays.
Referring to FIG. 2, a schematic representation of an internal
circuitry 210 of a solar charge optimizing system 200 in accordance with embodiments of the instant disclosure is provided. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the internal circuitry 210 shows a first slave module 212, a second slave module 214, and a third slave module 216. In certain other embodiments, the solar charge optimizing system 200 may include more than three slave modules. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the internal circuitry 210 shows that the first slave module 212 is connected to a first photovoltaic module 218, the second slave module 214 is connected to a second photovoltaic module 220, and the third slave module 216 is connected to a third photovoltaic module 222. In certain other embodiments, different combinations of the first, second, and third slave modules 212, 214, 216 may be connected to a single photovoltaic module, for example, the first, second and third slave modules 212, 214, and 216 may be connected to a single photovoltaic module 218. In another embodiment, different combinations of the first, second and third slave modules 212, 214, and 216 may be connected in a group-wise manner to a single, or two or more photovoltaic modules instead of being independently connected to photovoltaic modules 218, 220, 222 respectively. For example the first and second slave modules 212 and 214 may be connected to both the first and second photovoltaic modules 218 and 220. In another example the first and second slave modules 212 and 214 may be connected to all the three photovoltaic modules 218, 220, and 222 in different combinations. Thus, in one embodiment each slave module is connected to a single photovoltaic module. In

another embodiment, each slave module is connected to two or more photovoltaic modules. In yet another embodiment, two or more slave modules are connected to two or more photovoltaic modules. In still yet another embodiment, the master controller module may be configured to command any number of slave modules, i.e., 1 to n number of slave modules, wherein "n" may be determined by one skilled in the art. In one embodiment, "n" is an integer having a value selected from 3 to 128. In one embodiment, "n" is equal to 3. In certain embodiments, two or more solar charge optimizing systems 200 may be connected in series to give an effect of n greater than 3. As discussed herein, in when two or more solar charge optimizing systems 200 are combined together, the master controller module of a first module may be configured to function as the master controller module of all the other modules. Accordingly the master controller modules of the subsequent modules may be termed as slave modules and the slave modules of the subsequent modules may be termed as sub-slave modules. The first, second, and third slave modules 212, 214, and 216 each respectively include a power unit "PU" 224. The PU 224 includes a power circuit, an MPPT, and a sensing circuit. The first, second and third slave modules 212, 214, and 216 each respectively also include a control unit "CU" 226. The CU 226 includes a control and protection cum limiting circuit. Sensing parameters, for example, photovoltaic input voltage PV, photovoltaic input current PI, battery voltage or load voltage BV or LV, and battery current or load current Bl or LI are communicated/connected as sensing communication/connection 228 from the PU 224 to the CU 226. Accordingly a command communication/connection 230 is communicated/connected from the CU 226 to the PU 224. The net photovoltaic current 230 flowing from the first, second and third slave modules

212, 214, and 216 to the battery 256, or to the load 260, or the current flowing 257 from the battery 256 to load 260 is sensed and communicated 231 by a current sensor 232. The current sensor 232 communicates the value of the battery current (Charging or Discharging) connected to a Master controller module 234. The master controller module 234 monitors the state of charge of the battery 256 (battery SOC), charging and discharging current of the battery, and other control and monitoring actions which control and monitor individual slave modules 212, 214, and 216. Keypad 236 for human interaction is provided in connection with the master controller module 234. The keypad 236 is used to provide input feed 238 of the reference settings or reference parameters and programming various control, limit and alarm parameters; data logging intervals and parameters, display functions etc., for example, voltage, current, battery maximum charge capacity, battery maximum charge, etc. to the master controller module 234. The master controller module 234 in turn communicates the reference and control parameters to the control unit CU 226 of the slave modules 212, 214, and 216 to an internal communication channel/command channel 240. The PU 224 of the slave modules 212, 214, and 216 in turn communicates the measured values of the sensed parameters to CU 226 and then further to the master controller module 234 via the internal communication channel 240. The reference parameters, commands, the status of the various parameters and units, and the measured parameters are thus communicated to and fro the master controller module 234 in a bidirectional path 235 to the internal communication channel 240 and via the internal communication channel 240 in a bidirectional path 233 to all the sets of "PU" 224 and "CU" 226, i.e., to the slave modules 214, 216, and 218. The keypad 236 is accordingly used to make

necessary changes in the reference parameters in the master controller module unit 234. Output from the master controller module 234 is connected to a (i) relay output 242 which is used primarily for external use, i.e., for indication or alarms as a protection factor; (ii) to an LCD display screen 244 and to LED's 246 which are used primarily for visual indication and to know the communication status of the system 200 of the various parameters being managed and monitored, and (iii) to the buzzer 248 for audio purpose in case of alarms. The master control module 234 may also provide bidirectional external communication channels 254, for example remote monitoring devices, remote data logging, remote controllers/programmable logic controllers {PLC)/distributed controllers, etc.. The bidirectional communication includes input 252 from the external communication channel 254 to the master controller module 234 and output 252 from the master controller module 234 to the external communication channel 254. The combined output current 230 of the slave modules 214,216, 218 is fed to the load 260 as input current 237 and the battery 256 as input current 229. In embodiments where the demand from the load 260 is more than the combined output current 230, then the balance current 257 is supplied by the battery 256 {i.e., the battery discharges at the cost of supplying the balance current to the load). If the combined output current 230 is more than the load 260 demand, then the balance available current 229 is pumped into the battery 256 and the battery 256 is charged. During the charging of the battery 256, if the charging current is more than the pre-set safe value, the combined output current 230 is limited by the master controller module 234 which issues commands to all the slave modules 214, 216, 218 to function in buck configuration. Also in case of battery reaching the full charge condition, necessary voltage control action is also

performed as per the programmed parameters desired by the battery chemistry for avoiding overcharging of the batteries. An optional protection device 262 may be connected between the combined output current 230 of slave modules 214, 216, 218 and the load 260. Additionally, an optional protection device 261 may be connected between the combined output current 230 of slave modules 214, 216, 218 and the battery 256. The protection device 261, 262 may be for example a surge arrestor or an over load protector.
Referring to FIG. 3, a schematic representation 300 of an internal
circuitry 310 of a slave module 312 is provided. The stave module 312 includes a control circuit 302 and a power circuit 304. The internal circuitry 310 of the power circuit 304: slave module 312 shows the one possible basic arrangement and connections of various components which can be used as a buck converter, a boost converter, or a simple ON-OFF type controller by merely changing the control signals of this arrangement. The circuit symbols used for the various electrical elements in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are symbols typically known to be used to depict electrical elements by one skilled in the art. The arrangement shown in 310 receives PWM1/ PWM2 328/330 control signal for regulation purpose to achieve (i) MPPT 306+ current limit-*- voltage limit OR to achieve simple ON-OFF regulation and control actions, (ii) buck-boost command 308, and (iii) shut down command 309 from the control circuit 302. The advantage of this typical configuration is that many power components are shared and the arrangement of switching between the various modes is completely static without any moving parts. As seen in FIG. 3, the input to this power circuit 314 is received from a photovoltaic module (not shown in figure) and the photovoltaic voltage and current is sensed by a photovoltaic sensing circuit 316. The input voltage 314 is

also fed to switching power devices 317 and 318. The power devices 317, 318 may include for example transistors such as insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) or metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). The input photovoltaic voltage 314 is connected to the power devices 317 and 318 through a number of electrical elements including an internal circuit current sensor 320, a number of capacitors 322, a light emitting diode 324, inductors 325, and a number of fast switching power diodes 326, and protection circuits 332. The various electrical elements used for switching power devices, power diodes, capacitors, inductors, etc. may be connected in series or in parallel to achieve the required rating of component as known to one skilled in the art. . The power devices 317 and 318 are in turn controlled by PWM1 and PWM2, 328 and 330 to achieve MPPT + current limit+ voltage limit OR to achieve simple ON-OFF regulation and control actions. As is known to one skilled in the art a pulse width modulator is a commonly used technique for controlling power to internal electrical devices, made practical by modern eiectronic power switches. The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load and battery is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load and battery on and off at a fast pace. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher is the power supplied to the load/battery. The pulse width modulator switching frequency has to be much fast enough so as not to hamper the application (LOAD and USAGE); the number of switchings per second depends on the device that uses the power. The term "duty cycle" describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100 percent being fully on. The main advantage of pulse width modulator is that power loss in the

switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases ideally close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.
Referring to FIG. 4, the MPPT/PWM circuit 400 of a slave module
312 includes lot of internal electrical elements like analog, digital, micro-processor, micro-controller, digital signal processor, field programmable gate array, etc., which along with the associated circuitry- embedded firmware, and/or software achieve the required complex control task. However in order to have a simplified idea of various control signals such as pWM1,PWM2, BUCK-BOOST and ON-OFF; a representative logic of the control signal interactions is also shown in 410. The representative logic 410 may assist in controlling the power circuitry explained in FIG. 3 above. One skilled in the art will appreciate different configurations in which the various elements may be connected to achieve the desired results, while at the same time minimizing the costs by sharing the elements for the buck/boost functions.
PWM, Buck Boost (B/B), Permanent ON Commands are derived
from the control circuit (Digital/Analog or otherwise as explained earlier) depending upon the requirement and electrical parameters as generally known in the art. The advantages provided by the current configuration include combining these signals so as to achieve a dynamically changin9 power configuration along with a completely static arrangement to change these modes in combination of the explained power circuit.

The foregoing embodiments meet the overall objectives of this
disclosure as summarized above. However, it will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description has been made in terms only of the most preferred specific embodiments. Therefore, many other changes and modifications clearly and easily can be made that are also useful improvements and definitely outside the existing art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, indeed which remain within its very broad overall scope, and which disclosure is to be defined over the existing art by the appended claims.

We Claim:
1. A solar charge optimizing system comprising:
a master controller module;
at least one slave module; and
at least one photovoltaic module;
wherein the slave module is configured to feed solar power derived from the photovoltaic module to a battery backup and a load;
wherein the master controller module is configured to monitor the battery backup and the load;
wherein the slave module is configured to communicate with the master controller module; and
wherein the master controller module is configured to provide a command to the slave module.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the slave module is present in a number ranging from about 3 to about 128.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein each slave module is connected to a single photovoltaic module.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein each slave module is connected to two or more photovoltaic modules.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein two or more slave modules are connected to two or more photovoltaic modules.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the slave module is configured to function in buck configuration or in a boost configuration based on the command provided by the master controller module.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the slave module comprises a number of electrical elements including fast power switching diodes, capacitors, inductors, and light emitting diodes.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the slave module is configured to utilize at least a part of the electrical elements in both the buck and the boost configuration.
9. A solar charge optimizing method comprising:
providing at least one solar charge optimizing system; wherein the system comprises:
a master controller module;
at least one slave module; and
at least one photovoltaic module;
wherein the slave module is configured to feed solar power derived from the photovoltaic module to a battery backup and a load;
wherein the master controller module is configured to monitor the battery backup and the load;
wherein the slave module is configured to communicate with the master controller module; and

wherein the master controller module is configured to provide a command to the slave module.
10. A method of using a solar charge optimizing system comprising:
providing at least one solar charge optimizing system, wherein the system comprises,
a master controller module; at least one slave module; and at least one photovoltaic module;
wherein the slave module is configured to feed solar power derived from the photovoltaic module to a battery backup and a load;
wherein the master controller module is configured to monitor the battery backup and the load;
wherein the slave module is configured to communicate with the master controller module and provide information to the master controller module on the output voltage generated by the slave module;
wherein the master controller module is configured to provide a command to the slave module to decrease or increase the output voltage generated by the slave module; and
wherein the slave module is configured to function in a buck configuration or a boost configuration to decrease or increase respectively the output voltage generated by the slave module.