DESCRIPTION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION: Our new innovation has been aimed to combine filtration, adsorption and disinfection together so as to make water treatment more convenient and efficient with less space requirement without compromising the existing flow rates with exceeding performance. This combined cartridge works at an online pressure of 0.3 bar without electricity and is suitable in places with power fluctuation and also can be adopted for Point of Use and Point of Entry system.
The filter consists of nano alumina grafted on to micro glass fibres and other fibres laminated with polyester and are used either in pleated, spiral wound, disc or flat sheet media The micro glass fibres act as a platform for nano alumina It also enhances the flow rates by creating of pore space and providing mechanical retention for large or uncharged particles. The blend of nano and macro fibres makes the media with exceptional pressure drop to efficiency ratios and an incredible dust holding capacity. The filter media has a pore size of approximately 2 microns (nominal value) and have vast surface area It also possesses huge electropositive charge because of which it can remove99.9999% of MS2 virus if used in three layers. It also removes bacteria, heavy metal ions as well as colloidal minerals and can be used as an alternative for hollow fibres and polymeric membranes. CONSTRUCTION:
In our new innovation we have combined the filter and carbon block as a single cartridge. The combination is done in such a manner that the filter media will remove bacteria virus, protozoa including cysts. In addition, the suspended impurities and turbidity are also removed. The carbon block will remove chlorine and volatile organic compounds. The different combinations/ concepts in combining filter/carbon block are as described below.
1) Pleated filter out side carbon block. The raw water will first get filtered/disinfected through the pleated filter/microbial barrier, then to carbon block for chlorine and voc reduction, followed by exit through the provision made in the middle portion of the carbon block. The cartridge is provided with a top cap with an "O" ring for keeping it intact without any by pass and also provided with a bottom cap with a provision to lift while installing and servicing the unit. The schematic diagram is given in Concept!
2) Pleated filter inside carbon block: The raw water will first get treatment for chlorine and voc reduction by carbon block then get filtered/disinfected through the pleated filter/microbial barrier followed by exit through the provision made in the middle portion of the cartridge. The cartridge is provided with a top cap with an "O" ring for keeping it intact without any by pass also provided with a bottom cap with a provision to lift while installing and servicing the unit. The schematic diagram is given in Concept-II.

3) Pleated filter on the bottom half and activated carbon block on tne cop nan portion: Here, the water will fist get filtered/disinfected as it gets entered through the pleated filter and then moves through the middle portion of the cartridge into the carbon block cartridge for chlorine and VOC reduction and makes an exit through the provision in the middle portion of the block to the outlet at the top. In this combination cartridge, the bottom cap is provided with threading to fix the cartridge in the bowl; where as the top cap is provided with an option to fill the top cartridge with GAC. The schematic diagram is given in Concept-Ill.
4) Pleated filter on the bottom half and Granular activated carbon on the top half portion: In this type of cartridge, the water will fist get filtered/disinfected as it gets entered through the pleated filter and then moves through the middle portion of the cartridge into the GAC cartridge for chlorine and VOC reduction and makes an exit through the out let of GAC cartridge. In this combination cartridge, the bottom cap is provided with threading to fix the cartridge in the bowl; where as the top cap is provided with an option to fill the top cartridge with GAC. The schematic diagram is given in Concept-IV
5) Filter wrapped out side carbon block: The raw water will first get filtered/disinfected through the filter/microbial barrier wrapped out side the carbon block, then to carbon block for chlorine and voc reduction, followed by exit through the provision made in the middle portion of the carbon block. The schematic diagram is given in Concept-V. Similarly, the filter can be wrapped inside the carbon block as well, where in the raw water will first get treatment for chlorine and voc reduction by carbon block then get filtered/disinfected through the filter/microbial barrier wrapped inside followed by exit through the provision made in the middle portion of the cartridge.
6) Cassette type cartridge: In this combination, there will be a frame with a mesh below which granular activated carbon or activated carbon block is placed followed by the microbial barrier filter. In this combination, the raw water enters through the mesh then gets treatment for chlorine and voc reduction then gets disinfected by the microbial barrier. The schematic diagram is given in Concept-VI.

7) Carbon block with pleated filter covering & polypropylene yarn winding: In this
combination, carbon block will be wrapped by a pleated filter, on which
polypropylene yarn is wound. Here the raw water gets filtered for sediments and
turbidity by the polypropylene yarn windings and then gets filtered/disinfected
through the pleated filter/microbial barrier followed by chlorine and voc reduction, by
carbon block, finally, exit through the provision made in the middle portion of the
carbon block. The schematic diagram is given in Concept-VII.
This invention of combined system of filtration/disinfection by pleated microbial barrier
filter along with carbon block or granular activated carbon, all the above mentioned
combinations shall be protected by any other means, system as such and in any other
form or shapes used for water purification*
The pleated type filter is having more surface area because of the folded pattern and hence the filtration/disinfection capacity is more than just wrapping Depending on the input water quality, the above mentioned combinations will be used in different water purifiers. Also, depending on the turbidity and sediments of the input-raw water, an additional prefilter will be incorporated before entering into the said cartridges,
THE CARTRIDGE PROVIDES:
1) Crystal Clear water
2) Free from disease causing microorganism to make water safe for drinking
3) Less pressure drop
4) Longer life
5) Easy to maintain.
6) No electricity required
7) Works with online pressure® 0.3 bar
8) FDA compliant material
9) Meets USEPA ( United States Environment Protection Agency) requirement for microbial reduction
TEST RESULTS
The actual medium in the technology, the fibre sheet has been tested for microbial reduction.

Microbial removal
The input water challenged with E. Coli, MS2 Phage virus @ 105/ml and
107/Litre separately passed through the 47 mm disc shaped material. The output water was found to be meeting USEPA norms of 99.9999% reduction (6 log) and 99.99% reduction (4 log). The cyst reduction was studied against polymeric beads as an alternative to the live cysts. The medium has passed the test. The same medium can be configured into spiral wound, pleated to make cylindrical cartridge, like horizontal cassette etc and would give the same result as the above. The only caution to be taken is to avoid any by pass from cartridge when they are accommodated in housings. Chlorine reduction
The carbon block used for making chlorine removal is tested separately and is
performing as follows.
2 ppm of input chlorine, < 0.2 ppm of out put chlorine. It meets National Sanitation
Foundation/American National Standard Institute - 42 specification, for drinking water
treatment units- Aesthetic effects,
VOC reduction
300 ppb of chloroform in the influent and < 5 ppb of chloroform in the effluent. It meets requirement of National Sanitation Foundation/ American National Standard Institute 53 specification, for drinking water treatment units- Health effects.
Turbidity
The filtration medium was tested separately wilh input turbidity of 15 NTU and the out put turbidity was found to be 0.1 NTU which meets the National Sanitation Foundation/American National Standard Institute 53 specification, for drinking water treatment units- Health effects.