FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention relates to the field of medical science, and more particularly, the present invention relates to the study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cardiac patients.

BACKGROUND FOR THE INVENTION:
[002] The following discussion of the background of the invention is intended to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. However, it should be appreciated that the discussion is not an acknowledgment or admission that any of the material referred to is published, known, or part of the common general knowledge in any jurisdiction as of the priority date of the application. The details provided herein the background if belongs to any publication is taken only as a reference for describing the problems, in general terminologies or principles or both of science and technology in the associated prior art.
[003] In different parts of India approximately 1.3 billion people the cultural diversity and lifestyles, and also various attempts to make to collect the cardiovascular disease burden. But there is no comprehensive analysis available to compare the current trends of the risk factors of CVD in India. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are primary causes of early death and also an important cause of morbidity. Cardiovascular risk management (CVRM) included counseling on moderation in the way of living, preventative measures, and regular monitoring of high blood pressure. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for one of the dominating causes of disability and death, also a serious public health issue worldwide. Prevention regarding primary care of CVD is essential. It involves lifestyle counseling, medical management to reduce cholesterol levels, weight control, and monitoring of vital signs such as blood pressure. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is essential regarding the patient's perspective which presents the working capability and outcome of the sickness and it ensures the effectiveness of therapy. Patrick and colleagues proposed that "functional states, social opportunities, impairment, perceptions that are affected by treatment, disease, injury.
[004] HRQOL is considered an essential measure in identifying therapeutic interference regarding client suffering from long-term sicknesses such as chronic renal failure, and heart disease, in patient care, representing the standard of efficacy and effectiveness. This standard changed as a result of the introduction regarding the perspective of medicine such as “biopsychosocial”. Evaluation of HRQOL is gradually becoming significant in the management of cardiac patients. It is believed to have better QOL than the length of life.
[005] Laila M. Matalqah, and Khaldoon M. Radaideh et al (2018) had done a study on associated factors in relation to HRQOL in Northern Jordanian people. The study is to measure HRQOL in Northern Jordanians. 915 samples are selected from three shopping centers. The interview method is used to collect the data with the SF-36 Questionnaire. Results revealed that the gross score of SF-36 for the 915 participants is 71.2. Females started with lesser SF-36 scores in the domain of physical functioning and emotional health, which is related to age elderly participants who reported lowermost scores in the physical health domain. The physical health domain is sensationally affected by health-related problems e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, back pain, overweight, asthma, and emotional health is adversely affected by economic status.
[006] Kyoungrim Kang (2018) conducted a longitudinal study on HRQOL in patients with MI, trends, and predictors in South Korea. The study was to observe the alteration score of HRQOL in the patients over the acute stage of MI and determine the important analysis of HRQOL immediately after the MI (within a few days) and 3 months after coming out from the hospital. Participants were selected from 2 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. 150 participants completed self-report questionnaires after a few days of MI experience and136 participants three months with follow-up. The study concluded that HRQOL scores improve significantly within 3 months with follow-up as compared to within days.
[007] In light of the foregoing, there is a need for a study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cardiac patients that overcomes problems prevalent in the prior art.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
[008] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows.
[009] The principal object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cardiac patients.
[010] The object of the present invention is to provide a study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cardiac patients, wherein the study assesses the assess Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of cardiac patients attending OPD.
[011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cardiac patients, wherein the findings of the present study concluded that cardiac patients are having less than average HRQOL in some domains such as Physical functioning and General Health that is why there is a need of continuous health counseling which is provided by written leaflet (Pamphlet) for cardiac patients who attend Cardiac OPD and come for follow up.
[012] Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
[013] The present invention provides a study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cardiac patients.
[014] According to one aspect of our invention, the Heart is the vital pumping organ in the human body. Cardiovascular disease occurs when there are any anatomical, physiological or pathological changes in the normal and healthy structure of the heart and its blood vessels.
[015] In another aspect of the invention, the aim of the study is to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients.
[016] In another aspect of the invention, a descriptive research design is used to assess the HRQOL of Cardiac disease Patients, 158 samples are selected by purposive sampling technique, and Data is collected by SF-36 tool (HRQOL) with the Structured Interview method.
[017] In another aspect of the invention, the finding shows that domains wise Mean and standard deviation of Physical functioning (39.04 + 12.07) General health (48.77 + 20.72) revealed below average HRQOL whereas Energy/fatigue (51.68 + 17.38), Emotional wellbeing (50.67 + 7.79) showed near average HRQOL while Role limitations-PH (53.45 + 40.41), Role limitations-EP (56.45 + 37.64), Social functioning (59.84 + 16.81), Pain (67.37 + 18.45) indicated better than average HRQOL.
[018] In another aspect of the invention, the findings of the study concluded that HRQOL of cardiac disease patients is affected.
[019] In another aspect of the invention, health education programs are needed to enhance the knowledge about Causes, risk factors, sign symptoms, and prevention which helps to reduce the mortality of the cardiac disease and also improve the HRQOL.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TABLE:
[020] Reference will be made to embodiments of the invention, examples of which may be illustrated in accompanying table. This table is intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Although the invention is generally described in the context of these embodiments, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to these particular embodiments.
[021] Table No. 1 illustrates the Score of each domain range from 0- 100 in accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TABLE:
[022] While the present invention is described herein by way of example using embodiments and illustrative table, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is not limited to the embodiments of table described and are not intended to represent the scale of the various components. Further, some components that may form a part of the invention may not be illustrated in certain figures, for ease of illustration, and such omissions do not limit the embodiments outlined in any way. It should be understood that the table and the detailed description thereto are not intended to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claim.
[023] As used throughout this description, the word "may" is used in a permissive sense (i.e. meaning having the potential to), rather than the mandatory sense, (i.e. meaning must). Further, the words "a" or "an" mean "at least one” and the word “plurality” means “one or more” unless otherwise mentioned. Furthermore, the terminology and phraseology used herein are solely used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as limiting in scope. Language such as "including," "comprising," "having," "containing," or "involving," and variations thereof, is intended to be broad and encompass the subject matter listed thereafter, equivalents, and additional subject matter not recited, and is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers, or steps. Likewise, the term "comprising" is considered synonymous with the terms "including" or "containing" for applicable legal purposes. Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles, and the like are included in the specification solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not suggested or represented that any or all these matters form part of the prior art base or are common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention.
[024] In this disclosure, whenever a composition or an element or a group of elements is preceded with the transitional phrase “comprising”, it is understood that we also contemplate the same composition, element, or group of elements with transitional phrases “consisting of”, “consisting”, “selected from the group of consisting of, “including”, or “is” preceding the recitation of the composition, element or group of elements and vice versa.
[025] The present invention is described hereinafter by various embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein reference numerals used in the accompanying drawing correspond to the like elements throughout the description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiment set forth herein. Rather, the embodiment is provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the following detailed description, numeric values and ranges are provided for various aspects of the implementations described. These values and ranges are to be treated as examples only and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims. In addition, several materials are identified as suitable for various facets of the implementations. These materials are to be treated as exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[026] The present invention provides a study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL)among cardiac patients.
[027] Heart is the vital pumping organ in the human body. Cardiovascular disease occurs when there are any anatomical, physiological or pathological changes in the normal and healthy structure of the heart and its blood vessels. The aim of the study was to evaluate the Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cardiac patients. Methodology: A descriptive research design was used to assess the HRQO of Cardiac disease Patients, 158 samples were selected by purposive sampling technique and Data was collected by SF-36 tool (HRQOL) with the Structured Interview method. Results: The finding shows that domains wise Mean and standard deviation of Physical functioning (39.04 + 12.07) General health (48.77 + 20.72) revealed below average HRQOL whereas Energy/fatigue (51.68 + 17.38), Emotional wellbeing (50.67 + 7.79) showed near average HRQOL while Role limitations-PH (53.45 + 40.41), Role limitations-EP (56.45 + 37.64), Social functioning (59.84 + 16.81), Pain (67.37 + 18.45) indicated better than average HRQOL. Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that the HRQOL of the cardiac disease patients was affected. Thus, health education programs are needed to enhance the knowledge about Causes, risk factors, sign symptoms, and prevention which may help to reduce the mortality of the cardiac disease and also improve the HRQOL.
[028] In the present study, a Quantitative Research approach was used, Purposive sampling technique was to select 158 Cardiac patients from Himalayan Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Pretesting was done on 5 cardiac disease patients by using demographic variables of patients and a standardized SF-36 (Short form-36) tool to check whether the language of the tool is understandable, or has any difficulty in answering the questions.SF-36 tool contains a total of 36 health-related questionnaires. The test-retest method was used to find out the reliability of the standardized SF-36 tool and it was established as r = 0.97. standardized SF-36 was used for data collection and scoring was calculated by an online SF-36 score calculator. 158 cardiac patients were selected after taking written consent and the interview method was used for Data collection.
[029] Table No. 1Illustrate Score of each domain range from 0- 100. A higher obtained score indicated better health status. Except for pain (a higher score indicated less pain). A score of 50 indicated the average health-related quality of life, a score of less than 50 indicated the below-average health-related quality of life, and a score of more than 50 indicated a better health-related quality of life than average.
[030] The findings of the present study showed that the Mean and standard deviation of domains of HRQOL i.e., Role Limitation due to Physical Health was (53.45 + 40.41), Role limitations due to Emotional Problem (56.45+37.64), Social functioning (59.84+16.81), Pain (67.37+18.45) showed better than average HRQOL, Emotional Wellbeing (50.67 + 7.79) showed average HRQOL whereas Physical functioning (39.04 + 12.07) and General health (48.77 + 20.72) showed less than average HRQOL. These findings were supported by a study conducted by Lins, Liliane., Carvalho, and Martins. Fernando, et al. on HRQOL of medical students revealed that the mean score of Role limitation due to emotional problems was (41.6+ 13.6) and social functioning was (42.7 +10.7) which were low at the level of the normal mean score (50.0).
[031] The findings of the present study concluded that cardiac patients are having less than average HRQOL in some domains such as Physical functioning and General Health which is why there is a need for continuous health counseling which was provided by written leaflet (Pamphlet) for cardiac patients who attend Cardiac OPD and come for follow up.
[032] The disclosure has been described with referenceto the accompanying embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein.
[033] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments so fully revealed the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the scope of the embodiments as described herein.

We Claim:

1) A study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cardiac patients, the descriptive research design study is used to assess the HRQOL of Cardiac disease Patients, 158 samples are selected by purposive sampling technique and Data is collected by SF-36 tool (HRQOL) with the Structured Interview method.
2) The study as claimed in claim 1, wherein the finding shows that domains wise Mean and standard deviation of Physical functioning (39.04 + 12.07) and General health (48.77 + 20.72) revealed below average HRQOL whereas Energy/fatigue (51.68 + 17.38), Emotional wellbeing (50.67 + 7.79) showed near average HRQOL while Role limitations-PH (53.45 + 40.41), Role limitations-EP (56.45 + 37.64), Social functioning (59.84 + 16.81), Pain (67.37 + 18.45) indicated better than average HRQOL.
3) The study as claimed in claim 1, wherein the findings of the study concluded that the HRQOL of cardiac disease patients is affected.
4) The study as claimed in claim 1, wherein health education programs are needed to enhance the knowledge about Causes, risk factors, sign symptoms, and prevention which helps to reduce the mortality of the cardiac disease and also improve the HRQOL.