FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention generally relates to 1,3-disubstituted azabicyclo [3.1.0] hexane compounds.
The compounds of this invention can function as muscarinic receptor antagonists, and can be used for the treatment of various diseases of the respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal systems mediated through muscarinic receptors.
The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the compounds of the present invention, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of the present invention and the methods of treating the diseases mediated through muscarinic receptors.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Muscarinic receptors as members of the G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are composed of a family of 5 receptor sub-types (M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5) and are activated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. These receptors are widely distributed on multiple organs and tissues and are critical to the maintenance of central and peripheral cholinergic neurotransmission. The regional distribution of these receptor sub-types in the brain and other organs has been documented. For example, the M1 subtype is located primarily in neuronal tissues such as cereberal cortex and autonomic ganglia, the M2 subtype is present mainly in the heart where it mediates cholinergically induced bradycardia, and the M3 subtype is located predominantly on smooth muscle and salivary glands (Nature, 1986; 323: 411; Science, 1987; 237: 527).
A review in Current Opinions in Chemical Biology, 1999; 3: 426, as well as in Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 2001; 22: 409 by Eglen et. al., describe the biological potentials of modulating muscarinic receptor subtypes by ligands in different disease conditions like Alzheimer's disease, pain, urinary disease condition, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease etc.
A review in J. Med. Chem.. 2000; 43: 4333 by Christian C. Felder et. al. describes therapeutic opportunities for muscarinic receptors in the central nervous system and elaborates on muscarinic receptor structure and function, pharmacology and their therapeutic uses.
The pharmacological and medical aspects of the muscarinic class of acetylcholine agonists and antagonists are presented in a review in Molecules, 2001, 6: 142.
N.J.M. Birdsall et. al. in Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2001; 22: 215 have also summarized the recent developments on the role of different muscarinic receptor subtypes using different muscaranic receptors of knock out mice.
Muscarinic agonists such as muscarine and pilocarpine and antagonists such as atropine have been known for over a century, but little progress has been made in the discovery of receptor subtype-selective compounds making it difficult to assign specific functions to the individual receptors. Although classical muscarinic antagonists such as atropine are potent bronchodilators, their clinical utility is limited due to high incidence of both peripheral and central adverse effects such as tachycardia, blurred vision, dryness of mouth, constipation, dementia, etc. Subsequent development of the quarterly derivatives of atropine such as ipratropium bromide are better tolerated than parenterally administered options but most of them are not ideal anti-cholinergic bronchodilators due to lack of selectivity for muscarinic receptor sub-types. The existing compounds offer limited therapeutic benefit due to their lack of selectivity resulting in dose limiting side-effects such as thirst, nausea, mydriasis and those associated with the heart such as tachycardia mediated by the M2 receptor.
Annual review of Pharmacological Toxicol., 2001; 41: 691, describes the pharmacology of the lower urinary tract infections. Although anti muscarinic agents such as oxybutynin and tolterodine that act non-selectively on muscarinic receptors have been used for many years to treat bladder hyperactivity, the clinical effectiveness of these agents has been limited due to the side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision and constipation. Tolterodine is considered to be generally better tolerated than oxybutynin. (W.D.Steers et. al. in Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs. 2: 268, C.R. Chappie et. al. in Urology. 55: 33), Steers WD, Barrot DM, Wein AJ, 1996, Voiding dysfunction: diagnosis classification and management. In "Adult and Pediatric Urology," ed. JY Gillenwatter, JT Grayhack, SS Howards, JW Duckett, pp 1220-1325, St. Louis, MO; Mosby. 3rd edition.)
Despite these advances, there remains a need for development of new highly selective muscarinic antagonists which can interact with distinct subtypes, thus avoiding the occurrence of adverse effects.
Compounds having antagonistic activity against muscarinic receptors have been described in Japanese patent application Laid Open Number 92921/1994 and 135958/1994; WO 93/16048; U.S. Patent No. 3,176,019; GB 940,540; EP 0325 571; WO 98/29402; EP 0801067; EP 0388054; WO 9109013; U.S. Patent No. 5,281,601. U.S. Patent Nos. 6,174,900, 6,130,232 and 5,948,792; WO 97/45414 are related to 1,4-disubstituted piperidine derivatives; WO 98/05641 describes fluorinated, 1,4-disubstitued piperidine derivatives; WO 93/16018 and W096/33973 are other close art references.
A report in J. Med. Chem., 2002; 44:984, describes cyclohexylmethyl piperidinyl triphenylpropioamide derivatives as selective M3 antagonist discriminating against the other receptor subtypes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides 1,3-disubstituted azabicyclo [3.1.0] hexane compound having structure of Formula I
(Formula removed)
Ar represents an aryl which may be unsubtituted or substituted by one to three substituents independently selected from lower alkyl (C1-C4), hydroxy, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br, I), lower alkoxy;
R1 represents hydroxy, hydroxymethyl;
R2 represents alkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl ring, an aryl wherein the aryl may be unsubstituted or substituted by one to three substituents independently selected from lower alkyl (C1-C4), hydroxy, halogen, lower alkoxy (C1-C4);
W represents (CH2)P, where p represents 0 to 1;
X represents an oxygen or -NR, wherein R represents H;
Y represents (CH2)q wherein q represents 0 to 1;
R3, R5 and R6 are H and
R4 represents C1-C15 saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon (straight chain or branched) in which any 1 to 6 hydrogen atoms may be substituted with the group independently selected from arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl or heteroarylalkenyl, having 1-2 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur atoms.
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the compounds of present invention, optionally together with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided use of the compounds of present invention in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of an animal or a human suffering from a disease or disorder of the respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal systems wherein the diseases or disorder is associated with muscarinic receptors.
In accordance with yet other aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treatment or prophylaxis of an animal or human suffering from a disease or disorder of the urinary system which induce urinary disorders such as urinary incontinence, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), etc.; respiratory system such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis etc.; and gastrointestinal system such as irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, diabetes and gastrointestinal hyperkinesis with compounds as described above, wherein the disease or disorder is associated with muscarinic receptors, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof, an effective amount of compounds as described above.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing the compounds as described above.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The compounds described herein may be prepared by the techniques well known in the art and familiar to the average synthetic organic chemist. In addition, the compounds described herein may be prepared by the following reaction sequences as shown in Scheme I.
Scheme I
(Scheme removed)
The preparation comprises condensing a compound of Formula II with the compound of Formula III wherein
Ar represents an aryl which may be unsubtituted or substituted by one to three substituents independently selected from lower alkyl (C1-C4), hydroxy, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br, I), lower alkoxy;
R1 represents, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl;
R2 represents alkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl ring, an aryl wherein the aryl may be unsubstituted or substituted by one to three substituents independently selected from lower alkyl (C1-C4), hydroxy, halogen, lower alkoxy (C1-C4),;
W represents (CH2)P, where p represents 0 to 1;
X represents an oxygen or -NR, wherein R represents H;
Y represents (CH2)q wherein q represents 0 to 1;
R3, R5 and R6 are independently selected from H and
R4 represents hydrogen, C1-C15 saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon (straight chain or branched) in which any 1 to 6 hydrogen atoms may be substituted with the group independently selected from arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl or heteroarylalkenyl, having 1-2 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur atoms;
and P is any group which can be used to protect an amino group, for example, benzyl, t-butyloxy carbonyl in the presence of a condensing agent to give a protected compound of Formula IV, which on deprotection through reaction with a deprotecting agent in an organic solvent gives an unprotected compound of Formula V which is finally N-alkylated or benzylated with a suitable alkylating or benzylating agent L-R4 to give compounds of Formula I wherein L is any leaving group and R4 is as defined above.
The reaction of the compound of Formula II with a compound of Formula III to give compounds of Formula IV can be carried out in the presence of a condensing agent, for example l-(3-dimethylamino propyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).
The reaction of the compound of Formula II with a compound of Formula III to give compounds of Formula IV can be carried out in a suitable solvent, for example N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, toluene and xylene at a temperature ranging from about 0 to about 140° C.
The deprotection of the compound of Formula IV to give compounds of Formula V can be carried out with a deprotecting agent, for example palladium on carbon, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and hydrochloric acid.
The deprotection of the compound of Formula IV to give compounds of Formula V can be carried out in a suitable organic solvent, for example methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile at a suitable temperature ranging from about 10° C to about 50° C.
The N-alkylation or benzylation of the compound of Formula V to give compounds of Formula I can be carried out with a suitable alkylating or benzylating agent, L-R4 wherein L is any leaving group, known in the art, for example halogen, O-mestyl and O-tosyl group.
The N-alkylation or benzylation of the compound of Formula V to give compounds of Formula I can be carried out in a suitable organic solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrlie, at a suitable temperature ranging from about 25°C to about 100°C.
In the above scheme, where specific bases, condensing agents, protecting groups, deprotecting agents, N-alkylating/benzylating agents, solvents, catalysts etc. are mentioned, it is to be understood that other bases, condensing agents, protecting groups, deprotecting agents, N-alkylating/benzylating agents, solvents, catalysts etc. known to those skilled in the art may be used. Similarly, the reaction temperature and duration may be adjusted according to the desired needs.
Suitable salts of compound represented by the Formula I were prepared so as to solubilise the compound in aqueous medium for biological evaluations. Examples of such salts are pharmacologically acceptable salts such as inorganic acid salts (e.g. hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, nitrate and phosphate), organic acid salts (e.g. acetate, tartrate, citrate, fumarate, maleate, toluenesulphonate and methanesulphonate). When carboxyl group is included in the Formula I as a substituent, it may be an alkali metal salt (e.g. sodium,
potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like). These salts may be prepared by the usual prior art techniques, such as treating the compound with equivalent amount of inorganic or organic acid or base in a suitable solvent.
An illustrative list of particular compounds which are capable of being produced by Scheme I and also shown in Table 1 include:
Compound No. Chemical Name
1. (lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylcarboxylic ester.
2. (lα,5α)-[3 -benzyl-3 -azabicyclo [3.1.0] -hex-1 -(methyl)-yl] -2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester.
3. (lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-1 -(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopentyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester.
4. (lα,5α)-[3 -benzyl-3 -azabicyclo [3.1.0] -hex-1 -yl] -2-hydroxymethyl-2-phenylacetamide.
5. (lα,5α)- [3 -benzyl-3 -azabicyclo [3.1.0] -hex-1 -yl] -2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetamide.
6. (lα,5α)-[3-(2-methyl-2-pentenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester.
7. (lα,5α)-[3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)ethy 1] -3 -azabicyclo [3.1.0] -hex-1 -(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester.
Table-1
(Table removed)
EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
Various solvents, such as acetone, methanol, pyridine, ether, tetrahydrofuran, hexanes, and dichloromethane were dried using various drying reagents according to the procedures well known in the literature. IR spectra were recorded as nujol mulls or a thin neat film on a Perkin Elmer Paragon instrument, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) were recorded on a Varian XL-300 MHz instrument using tetramethylsilane as an internal standard.
EXAMPLE 1
Preparation of (la, 5a)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylcarboxylic ester (Compound No.l)
Step-a: Preparation of 3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-l-carboxylic acid ethyl ester.
To a suspension of 3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-l-carboxylic acid (8.5 gm, 0.0390
mole), (prepared as described in EP 0413455A2) in ethyl alcohol (250 ml) was added cone. H2SO4 (10 ml). The resulting pale yellow solution was heated at reflux for 2 hours, cooled to 0° C and neutralized with aquoeus ammonia. The neutralized solution was concentrated and was dissolved in dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCO3, water and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and was concentrated to give the crude product which was further purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh, silicagel), eluting the compound with 5% ethyl acetate in hexane to give the pure product as yellow oil.
IR: 1721.4 cm-1
1HNMR (CDCl3): 7.20-7.29 (m, 5H), 4.0 (q, J=7.12, 2H), 3.61 (s, 2H), 3.04 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 2.92 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 2.70 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 2.42 (m, 1H), 1.90 (m, 1H), 1.46 (m, 1H), 1.29 (m, 1H), 1.20-1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H)
Step-b: Preparation of 3-benzyl-l-hydroxymethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane
A solution of 3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-l-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (2.5gm, 0.0108mol) in tetrahydrofuran (20ml) was added to a suspension of lithium aluminium hydride (0.966gm, 0.026mol) in tetrahydrofuran (50ml). The resulting mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was carefully quenched with saturated aqueous NH4Cl (1 ml), treated with ethyl acetate (50 ml) and stirred for 1 hour. The solution was filtered and the removal of solution from the filtrate provided the crude title product which was purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh, silicagel), eluting the compound with 15% ethyl acetate in hexane to give pure product as a colorless oil. 1HNMR (CDCl3): 7.21-7.31 (brs, 5H), 3.66-3.74 (m, 2H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 3.00 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 2.92 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H)), 2.40 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 1.22-1.27 (m, 2H), 1.10-1.11 (m, 1H), 0.43-0.47 (m, 1H).
Step-c: Preparation of 3-benzyl-l-methanesulphonyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane.
To a solution of 3-benzyl-l-hydroxymethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane in ethyl acetate were added triethylamine (2.15gm, 0.02125mol) and methane sulphonylchloride (1.947gm, 0.017mol). The mixture was stirred at 0° C for 1 hour. The reaction was quenched by the
addition of saturated NaHCO3. The separated organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried and evaporated to give the crude product, which was used as such for further reaction.
Step-d: Preparation of (lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylcarboxyIic ester
A solution containing diphenylglycolic acid (commercially available) (0.389gm, 0.0017mol), 3-benzyl-l-methane sulphonyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (0.40gm, 0.0014mol) and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (0.323gm, 0.00213mol) in toluene (50ml) was refluxed for 2 hours. The solution was cooled to room temperature. The solution was dried on rotary evaporator. The oil obtained was purified on column chromatography (100-200 mesh, silicagel), eluting the compound with 5% ethyl acetate in hexane to give the pure product as a white solid.
m.p.: 65.2°C
IR: 1707.4 cm-1
1HNMR: 7.19-7.49 (m, 15H), 4.42 (s, 2H), 3.42 (d, J=9 Hz, 2H), 2.77-2.87 (dd, 9 Hz, 2H), 2.22 (m, 1H), 2.10 (d, J=9 Hz, 1H), 1.22-1.26 (m, 1H), 1.11-1.12 (m, 1H), 0.45-0.49 (m, 1H).
EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of (lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-
cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester (Compound No.2)
A solution of 2-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (prepared as described in J. Am. Chem. Soc, 75, 2654, 1953) (0.398g, 0.0017mol), 3-benzyl-l-methane sulphonyl-5-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (0.40gm, 0.00Hmol) and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0]undec-7-ene (323mg, 0.002mol) was refluxed for 1 hour. The solution was cooled to room temperature and stripped off the solvent to give the crude product, which was further purified on column chromatography (100-200 mesh, slicagel), eluting the compound with 5% ethyl acetate in hexane to give the desired product. IR: 1721.0 cm-1
1HNMR: 7.64-7.68 (m, 2H), 7.26-7.38 (m, 8H), 4.26 (s, 2H), 3.73 (bs, 1H), 3.56-3.73 (m, 2H), 2.90-2.95 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.30 (m, 3H), 1.13-1.4 (m, 12H), 0.25 (m, 1H)
EXAMPLE 3
Preparation of (lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0] hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopentyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester (Compound No.3)
A solution of 2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenyl acetic acid (prepared as described in J. Am. Chem. Soc, 75, 2654, 1953) (375mg, 0.0017mol), 3-benzyl-1-methane sulphonyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (400mg, 0.00142mol) and l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (323mg, 0.00213mol) in toluene (50ml) was refluxed for 2 hour. The solution was cooled to room temperature and stripped off the solvent to give crude oily product. The crude product was further purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh, silicagel), eluting the compound with 5% ethyl acetate in hexane to give the desired product. IR : 1720.3 cm-1
1HNMR (CDC13): 7.17-7.66 (m, 10H), 4.21 (s, 2H), 3.75 (bs, 1H), 3.53 (s, 2H), 2.86-2.91 (m, 2H), 2.21-2.27 (m, 2H), 1.31-1.38 (m, 8H), 1.12-1.15 (m, 2H), 0.25 (m, 1H).
EXAMPLE 4 Preparation of (lα,5α)-N-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo [3.1.0]hex-l-yl]-2-hydroxymethyl- 2-phenylacetamide (Compound No.4)
To a cooled solution of 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropionic acid (353mg, 0.0021mol, commercially available) and l-amino-3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (400mg, 0.00212mol, prepared as described in EP 0413455A2) in DMF (50ml) was added N-methylmorpholine (536mg, 0.0053mol) followed by the addition of hydroxybenzotriazole (286mg, 0.002mol) and stirred at 0° for one hour. l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (400mg, 0.002mol) was then added. The solution was allowed to attain room temperature and was further stirred for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCO3, water and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated on rotary evaporator to give the crude product, which was further purified on column chromatography (100-200 mesh, silicagel), eluting the compound with 30% ethyl acetate in hexane to give a yellow oil. IR: 1657.9 cm-1
1HNMR (CDCl3): 7.20-7.52 (m, 10H), 5.9 (s, 1H), 4.07-4.10 (m, 2H), 3.60-3.62 (bs, 2H), 3.02-3.07 (m, 1H), 2.89-2.90 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.86 (m, 1H), 2.49-2.52 (m, 1H), 1.51 (bs, 2H), 1.3-1.5 (bs, 1H), 0.63-0.66 (bs, 1H)
EXAMPLE 5
Preparation of (lα, 5α)-N-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo [3.1.0]-hex-l-yl]-2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetamide (Compound No.5)
To a cooled solution of diphenylglycolic acid (269.5mg, 0.00lmol) and l-amino-3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (222mg, 0.001 lmol, prepared as described in EP0413455A2) in DMF (50ml) was added N-methyl morpholine (298 mg, 0.003 mole), followed by 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (159 mg, 0.0011 mole) and stirred at 0° C for 1 hour. l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (225mg, 0.001 lmol) was then added. The solution was allowed to attain room temperature and stirred for one day. The reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCO3, water and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo to give the crude product which was further purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh, silicagel), eluting the compound with 30% ethyl acetate in hexane to give a pale yellow powder.
m.p: 137.5°-138.6°C
IR(DCM): 1662.6 cm-1
1HNMR (CDC13): 7.24-7.34 (m, 15H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 3.82 (bs, 1H); 3.66 (s, 2H), 3.0 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 2.87 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.70 (m, 1H), 2.54 (d, J=8Hz, 1H), 1.56-1.58 (m, 1H), 1.37-1.40 (m, 1H), 0.67-0.72 (m, 1H)
EXAMPLE 6 Preparation of (lα,5α)-N-[3-(2-methyl-2-pentenyl)-3-azabicyclo [3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yI]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxyIic ester (Compound N0.6)
Step-a: Preparation of (lα,5α)-[3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester.
A solution of Compound No.2 (2.25g, 0.005mol) in methanol was taken in parr bottle. To this
was added 10% Pd on C (dry). The solution was subjected to hydrogenation in parr
hydrogenation apparatus for 4 hours at 60 psi pressure. The reaction mixture was then
filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give the desired product as an off white semi solid
mass.
1HNMR (CDCl3): 7.62-7.65 (m, 2H), 7.20-7.36 (m, 3H), 4.25-4.37 (m, 2H), 2.88-3.46 (m,
4H), 2.26 (bs, 1H), 1.18-1.84 (m, 13H), 0.6-0.72 (m, 1H).
IR(DCM): 1661cm-1
Step-b: (lα,5α)-N-[3-(2-methyl-2-pentenyl)-3-azabicycIo [3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester.
To a solution of 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-l-methylene-2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenyl carboxylic acid ester (250mg, 0.000760mol), 5-bromo-2-methyl-2-pentene (148.6mg, 0.00091 lmol) in acetonitrile were added potassium carbonate (210.0mg, 0.0015mol) and potassium iodide (252mg, 0.0015mol). The reaction mixture was refluxed for 12 hours. After attaining room temperature, the reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was taken in ethyl acetate and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh, silicagel), eluting the compound with 15% ethyl acetate in hexane to give the desired product. IR: 1722.9 cm-1
1HNMR (CDC13): 7.63-7.66 (m, 2H), 7.26-7.36 (m, 3H), 5.05-5.098 (bm, 1H), 4.24 (s, 2H), 3.71 (s, 1H), 2.95-3.02 (m, 2H), 2.26-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.19-2.24 (m, 2H), 1.79 (m, 2H), 0.75-1.32 (m, 19H), 0.512 (m, 1H).
EXAMPLE 7 Preparation of (lα,5α)-[3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-azabicycIo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl] -2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylie ester(Compound No.7) To a solution of 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenyl carboxylic ester (250mg, 0.0007mol) and 3,4-methylenedioxyphenethyl bromide (207.8mg, 0.00091mol) in acetonitrile were added potassium carbonate (210mg, 0.005lmol) and potassium iodide (252.0mg, 0.005lmol). The reaction mixture was refluxed for 12 hours. After attaining room temperature, the reaction mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was taken in ethyl acetate and washed with water, and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by column chromatography (100-200 mesh, silicagel), eluting the compound with 15% ethy lacetate in hexane to give the desired product. IR: 1722.4 cm-1
1HNMR (CDCl3): 7.66-7.64 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.37 (m, 3H), 6.60-6.74 (m, 3H), 5.92 (s, 2H), 4.25 (s, 2H), 3.03 (bs, 1H), 2.97-3.03 (m, 2H), 2.53-2.59 (m, 4H), 2.20-2.26 (m, 2H), 1.04-1.32 (m, 13H), 0.52 (m, 1H).

Biological Activity Radioligand Binding Assays:
The affinity of test compounds for M2 and M3 muscarinic receptor sub-types was determined by [3H]-N-methylscopolamine binding studies using rat heart and submandibular gland respectively as described by Moriya et al., (Life Sci, 1999,64(25):2351-2358) with minor modifications.
Membrane preparation: Submandibular glands and heart were isolated and placed in ice cold homogenising buffer (HEPES 20 mM, 10 mM EDTA, pH 7.4) immediately after sacrifice. The tissues were homogenised in 10 volumes of homogenising buffer and the homogenate was filtered through two layers of wet gauze and filtrate was centrifuged at 500 g for 10 min. The supernatant was subsequently centrifuged at 40,000 g for 20 min. The pellet thus obtained was resuspended in same volume of assay buffer (HEPES 20 mM, EDTA
5 mM, pH 7.4) and were stored at -70° C until the time of assay.
Ligand binding assay The compounds were dissolved and diluted in DMSO. The membrane homogenates (150-250 ug protein) were incubated in 250 µl of assay buffer (HEPES 20 mM,
pH 7.4) at 24-25°C for 3 hours. Non-specific binding was determined in the presence of 1 uM atropine. The incubation was terminated by vaccum filtration over GF/B fiber filters (Wallac). The filters were then washed with ice cold 50 mM Tris HC1 buffer (pH 7.4). The filter mats were dried and bound radioactivity retained on filters was counted. The IC50 &
Kd were estimated by using the non-linear curve fitting program using G Pad Prism software. The value of inhibition constant Ki was calculated from competitive binding studies by using Cheng & Prusoff equation (Biochem Pharmacol, 1973,22: 3099-3108), Ki = IC50 /(1+L/Kd),
where L is the concentration of [3H]NMS used in the particular experiment. pKi = -(Log ki)
Functional Experiments using isolated rat bladder:
Methodology:
Animals were euthanized by overdose of urethane and whole bladder was isolated and removed rapidly and placed in ice cold Tyrode buffer with the following composition (mMol/L) NaCl 137; KC1 2.7; CaCl2 1.8; MgCl2 0.1; NaHCO3 11.9; NaH2PO4 0.4; Glucose 5.55 and continously gassed with 95% O2 and 5 % CO2.
The bladder was cut into longitudinal strips (3mm wide and 5-6 mm long) and mounted in 10 ml organ baths at 30° C, with one end connected to the base of the tissue holder and the other end connected to a polygraph through a force displacement transducer. Each tissue was maintained at a constant basal tension of 2 g and allowed to equilibrate for 1 hour during which the PSS was changed every 15 min. At the end of equilibration period, the stabilization of the tissue contractile response was assessed with lµmol/L of Carbachol consecutively for 2-3 times. Subsequently, a cumulative concentration response curve to carbachol (10-9 mol/L to 3 X 10-5 mol/L) was obtained. After several washes, once the baseline was achieved, cumulative concentration response curve was obtained in presence of NCE (NCE added 20 min. prior to the second CRC).
The contractile results were expressed as % of control E max. ED50 values were calculated by fitting a non-linear regression curve (Graph Pad Prism). pKB values were calculated by the formula pKB = - log [ (molar concentration of antagonist/ (dose ratio-1))]
where,
dose ratio = ED50 in the presence of antagonist/ED50 in the absence of antagonist.
The results of the in-vitro testing tests are listed in Table II. IN-VITRO TEST
Table-II

(Table removed)
While the present invention has been described in terms of its specific embodiments, certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

We Claim
1. A 1,3-disubsituted azabicyclo [3.1.0] hexane compound having the structure of
Formula I
(formula removed)
wherein
Ar represents an aryl which may be unsubtituted or substituted by one to three substituents independently selected from lower alkyl (C1-C4), hydroxy, halogen (e.g. F, Cl, Br, I), lower alkoxy;
R1 represents, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl;
R2 represents alkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl ring, an aryl wherein the aryl may be unsubstituted or substituted by one to three substituents independently selected from lower alkyl (C1-C4), hydroxy, halogen, lower alkoxy (C1-C4);
W represents (CH2)P, where p represents 0 to 1;
X represents an oxygen or -NR, wherein R represents H;
Y represents (CH2)q wherein q represents 0 to 1;
R3, R5 and R6 are H and
R4 represents C1-C15 saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon (straight chain or branched) in which any 1 to 6 hydrogen atoms may be substituted with the group independently selected from arylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl or heteroarylalkenyl, having 1-2 hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur atoms.
2. A compound according to claim 1, selected from the group consisting of:
(lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-1-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2,2-
diphenylcarboxylic ester (Compound No.l)

(lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclohex
yl-2-phenylcarboxlic ester (Compound No.2)
(lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-1 -(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopentyl-
2-phenylcarboxylic ester (Compound No.3)
(lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-yl]-2-hydroxymethyl-2-
phenylacitamide (Compound No.4)
(lα,5α)-[3-benzyl-3-azabicyclo [3.1.0]-hex-l-yl]-2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetamide
(Compound No. 5)
(lα,5α)-[3-(2-methyl-2-pentenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-2-hydroxy-
2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester (Compound No.6) or
(lα,5α)-[3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphen)ethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]-hex-l-(methyl)-yl]-
2-hydroxy-2-cyclohexyl-2-phenylcarboxylic ester (Compound No.7).
3. A pharmaceutical composition of a compound as claimed in claim 1 and 2, optionally together with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.
4. The use of the compounds according to claim 1, in the preparation of medicaments for treatment or prophylaxis of an animal or a human suffering from a disease or disorder of the respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal systems, wherein the disease or disorder is mediated through muscarinic receptors.
5. The use of the compounds according to claim 1, in the preparation of medicaments for the treatment or prophylaxis of urinary incontinence, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, diabetes and gastrointestinal hyperkinesis.
6. A process for preparing 1,3-disubstituted azabicyclo [3.1.0] hexane compound as claimed in claim 1, having the structure of Formula I
(formula removed)
comprising
(a) reacting a compound of Formula II with a compound of Formula III
(formula removed)
wherein the reaction of a compound of Formula III with a compound of Formula II to give a compound of Formula IV is carried out in the presence of a condensing agent l-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) in a solvent selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, toluene and xylene at a temperature ranging from about 0°C to aboutl40°C.
(formula removed)
(b) deprotecting the compound of Formula IV to give a compound of Formula V in
the presence of deprotecting agent selected from the group consisting of palladium
on carbon, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and hydrochloric acid.in a solvent selected
from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile.
(formula removed)

c. reacting the compound of Formula V with N-alkylating or benzylating agent to give a compound of Formula I with an alkylating or benzylating agent, L-R4 in a solvent selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylformarnide, dimethylsulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran or acetonitrile.
wherein Ar, R1, R2, W, X, Y, Z, Q, R4, R6, and R7 are as defined in claim 1 P is benzyl or t-butyloxy carbonyl group and L is any leaving group -halogen, O-mestyl or O-tosyl.