FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10, rule 13)
1. Title of the invention: SURFACE CLEANING COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF
2. Applicant(s)
NAME NATIONALITY ADDRESS
JYOTHY LABS LIMITED Indian Ujala House, Ramakrishna Mandir
Road, Kondivita Lane, Andheri (East)
Mumbai 400059, India
3. Preamble to the description
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it
is to be performed.
1
FIELD OF INVENTION
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of chemical compositions, and in
particular relates to antimicrobial surface cleaning composition. The present disclosure
further relates to a process for preparing said composition and its uses thereof.
5
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] With the rapid spread of infectious diseases globally, maintaining surface
hygiene is important in controlling the spread of diseases mediated via surface
microbes. Disinfectants used for sanitizing surfaces are expected to reduce the risk of
exposure 10 and spread of multiple germs that we come across in our day to day lives.
[0003] Contact with surfaces contaminated with disease causing pathogenic
microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi has led to widespread occurrence
of serious diseases like influenza, lung infections, food poisoning, and various
respiratory ailments. These diseases are associated with high morbidity and mortality
15 rates and have posed major risks to human health and survival. Commonly contacted
surfaces, such as furniture, slabs, windows, and floor act as major hubs for spread of
pathogenic microorganisms from one person to another. Hence, many surface cleaning
compositions also useful for killing microorganisms present on the surfaces have been
formulated.
20 [0004] ES2607055T3 discloses an antimicrobial composition for disinfecting both
porous and non-porous surfaces. The said composition is based on a combination of
alcohol, alkanediol, and foaming surfactant.
[0005] AU2014211458B2 discloses an antimicrobial composition comprising a lactam
and a hydrotrope. The antimicrobial composition is aimed to serve as a hard surface
25 cleaner, such as a toilet cleaner.
[0006] US9701931B2 relates to a hard surface disinfectant composition based on a
combination of hydrogen peroxide generator, a peracetic acid catalyst, a slow
hydrolyzing acid, and optionally a carboxylic acid.
2
[0007] Although considerable research has been done in this field, most of the existing
germ-killing compositions still fail to demonstrate appreciable antimicrobial activity
and lack rapid and long-lasting germ-killing effects. Hence, there arises a need in the
present state of the art to develop a surface cleaning composition that can exhibit quick
and effective antimicrobial action against a 5 wide range of microbes yet displays
bioactivity for prolonged periods of time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
10 composition comprising: (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound; (b) an
antimicrobial agent; (c) a surfactant; (d) a polymer; and (e) a chelating agent, wherein
the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the
weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
[0009] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
15 composition comprising: (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound is a
combination of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride in the range of 0.04% – 40.0 % (w/w); (b) an antimicrobial agent
is hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether in the range of 0.01 % – 10.0 % (w/w); (c) a
20 surfactant is a combination of lauryl amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate in the range
of 0.02% – 20.0 % (w/w); (d) a polymer is acrylic acid copolymer in the range of 0.01
% – 10.0 % (w/w); (e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium powder in the range of 0.01
% - 5.0 % (w/w); wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the
antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
25 [0010] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a process of
preparing the surface cleaning composition comprising: (1) one or more quaternary
ammonium compound; (2) an antimicrobial agent; (3) a surfactant; (4) a polymer; and
(5) a chelating agent wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and
3
the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1, the process
comprising: (a) mixing the one or more quaternary ammonium compound, the
surfactant, the polymer, the chelating agent, and water to obtain a reaction mixture; (b)
dissolving the antimicrobial agent in the high boiling point solvent to obtain a blend;
and (c) contacting the reaction mixture, 5 the blend, the pH stabilizer, the antioxidant,
the corrosion inhibitor, the perfume, and optionally the active of essential oil to obtain
the composition.
[0011] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition comprising: (1) one or more quaternary ammonium compound; (2) an
10 antimicrobial agent; (3) a surfactant; (4) a polymer; and (5) a chelating agent, wherein
the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the
weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1 for use as surface cleaner wherein, the surface is
a hard and non-porous surface selected from glass, plastics, ceramics, or metals.
[0012] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present subject matter
15 will be better understood with reference to the following description. This summary is
provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form. This summary is not
intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
20 [0013] Figure 1 depicts the surface of the original tile and the grease coated tiles (a)
before application, and (b) after application of the surface cleaning composition, in
accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
25 [0014] Those skilled in the art will be aware that the present disclosure is subject to
variations and modifications other than those specifically described. It is to be
understood that the present disclosure includes all such variations and modifications.
The disclosure also includes all such steps, features, compositions, and compounds
4
referred to or indicated in this specification, individually or collectively, and any or all
combinations of any or more of such steps or features.
Definitions
[0015] For convenience, before further description of the present disclosure, certain
terms employed in the specification, and examples 5 are delineated here. These
definitions should be read in the light of the remainder of the disclosure and understood
as by a person of skill in the art. The terms used herein have the meanings recognized
and known to those of skill in the art, however, for convenience and completeness,
particular terms and their meanings are set forth below.
10 [0016] The articles “a”, “an” and “the” are used to refer to one or to more than one
(i.e., to at least one) of the grammatical object of the article.
[0017] The terms “comprise” and “comprising” are used in the inclusive, open sense,
meaning that additional elements may be included. It is not intended to be construed as
“consists of only”.
15 [0018] Throughout this specification, unless the context requires otherwise the word
“comprise”, and variations, such as “comprises” and “comprising”, will be understood
to imply the inclusion of a stated element or step or group of element or steps but not
the exclusion of any other element or step or group of element or steps.
[0019] The term “including” is used to mean “including but not limited to”.
20 “Including” and “including but not limited to” are used interchangeably.
[0020] Ratios, concentrations, amounts, and other numerical data may be presented
herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such range format is used merely
for convenience and brevity and should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the
numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the
25 individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each
numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. For example, a concentration range
of about 0.01-10 %should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited limits
of about 0.01% to about 10% but also to include sub-ranges, such as 1-9%, 1.5-9.5%
5
and so forth, as well as individual amounts, including fractional amounts, within the
specified ranges, such as 1.25%, and 5.55% for example.
[0021] The term “microorganism”, as used herein refers to various viral or bacterial or
fungal or yeast strains that are found generally on the surface of any object, preferably,
hard non-porous surfaces, suc 5 h as glass, plastics, ceramics, or metals and possibly can
harm human health on either coming into direct contact or on consumption.
[0022] The term “quaternary ammonium compound” used herein refers to compounds
of nitrogen coordinate to four substituents to form a positively charged polyatomic ions
with the structure NR4
+. In the present disclosure, the quaternary ammonium compound
10 is capable of exhibiting antimicrobial activity, which includes killing or inhibiting the
growth of microorganisms.
[0023] The term “antimicrobial agent” used herein refers to a chemical substance that
is capable of exhibiting germ-killing properties, which includes killing or inhibiting the
growth of microorganisms.
15 [0024] The term “surfactant” used herein refers to wetting agents or surface acting
agents that can form amphipathic micelles which lower the liquid-liquid or liquid-solid
surface tension.
[0025] The term “polymer” used herein refers to a wide class of materials consisting
of large molecules derived from many small repeating subunits called monomers.
20 Deriving the benefits of its long-chained structure, the present disclosure employs
polymers in enhancing the surfactant properties of the present composition.
[0026] The term “essential oil” used herein refers to a concentrated hydrophobic liquid
containing volatile chemical compounds or actives obtained by distillation and having
the characteristic odor of the plant or other source from which it is extracted. The active
25 of essential oil, as used herein may also possess anti-microbial effect, specifically, antiviral
effect. For example, thymol and other actives of essential oil of thyme, cinnamon,
bay, clove, almond (bitter), lovage, pimento, marjoram, angelica, and nutmeg possess
antimicrobial, specifically, virucidal benefits. The actives of essential oils comprise of
6
terpenes, aromatic and aliphatic compounds (especially alcohols, esters, ethers,
aldehydes, ketones, lactones, phenols and phenol ethers) as their most common
ingredients.
[0027] The term “chelating agent” used herein refers to chemical compounds that bind
5 with the metal ions to form a complex.
[0028] The term “pH stabilizer” used herein refers to a chemical ingredient from the
category of buffering agents, added to the present composition to maintain the pH of
the composition at a desired pH level.
[0029] The term “corrosion inhibitor” used herein refers to a chemical substance which
10 is used to reduce or completely prevent the corrosion or wear of the material of interest.
[0030] The term “diluent” used herein refers to a chemical substance that facilitates
complete dissolution of other polar and non-polar ingredients. Examples include but
are not limited to water and alcohol.
[0031] The term “high boiling point solvent” used herein refers to a chemical substance
15 that has high boiling point and facilitates complete dissolution of other polar and nonpolar
ingredients. Such a chemical substance prevents the components of the solution
from evaporating quickly.
[0032] The term “antioxidant” used herein refers to substances that are used to protect
the material of interest from the possible attack of oxygen and prevent its further
20 degradation.
[0033] The term “perfume” used herein refers to a fragrance imparting agent, that is
used for the purpose of providing an overall fragrance to the present composition, that
is similar to the source of said perfume. For the purpose of the present disclosure,
perfume may be selected from the group, but not limited to, alcohols, ethyl alcohol,
25 essential oils, esters, ethers, aldehyde, ketones, natural aromatic substances, synthetic
aromatic substances, and natural extracts.
7
[0034] The term “germ” and “microbe” have been used interchangeably in the entire
specification and both refer to disease causing microorganisms, such as bacteria, virus,
yeast and fungi.
[0035] The term “surface” used herein refers to hard and non-porous exterior area of
an object. For the purpose of the 5 present disclosure, surface may be selected from, but
not limited to, glass, plastics, ceramics, and metals.
[0036] The term “cleaning” used herein refers to disinfecting, sterilizing, and removal
of soil, grease, and grime from the surface of any object, preferably, hard non-porous
surfaces, such as glass, plastics, ceramics, or metals.
10 [0037] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have
the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which
this disclosure belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to
those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the disclosure, the
preferred methods, and materials are now described. All publications mentioned herein
15 are incorporated herein by reference.
[0038] The present disclosure is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments
described herein, which are intended for the purposes of exemplification only.
Functionally equivalent products, compositions, and methods are clearly within the
scope of the disclosure, as described herein.
20 [0039] Thus, to meet the high market demands and to keep the product cost effective,
majority of the available surface germ killing compositions use very less effective
antimicrobial components. Such components are unable to impart the essential
antimicrobial efficacy on the contaminated surface. Moreover, the existing
compositions fail to provide quick and long-lasting action as they either evaporate very
25 quickly or are not able to spread properly or uniformly on the subjected surface. As a
result, they need to be applied in larger amounts which leads not only to higher
consumer cost, but also to excess amount of product usage, which could potentially
harm the environment along with possible development of resistant microorganisms.
8
Such products are intended to blind the customers with untrue promises and safety
claims by keeping them unaware of the actual efficacy of the chemicals added. This is
one of the major reasons that we still see rapidly increasing infectious diseases despite
of the wide range of germ kill products readily available in the market. In addition to
above, most of these products include 5 harmful chemical ingredients that in the long
run, could cause serious health and environmental risks on regular exposure.
[0040] The present disclosure addresses the above-mentioned shortcomings of the
existing antimicrobial compositions by disclosing a composition that is highly user
friendly and very reliable in terms of quick, effective, and long-lasting germ-killing
10 activity.
[0041] In view of the above, the present disclosure relates to a surface cleaning
composition comprising a combination of quaternary ammonium compounds and an
antimicrobial agent in conjunction with a combination of surfactants, a film forming
polymer and a chelating agent. The specific combination of quaternary ammonium
15 compounds which include alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl
dimethyl ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and di octyl
dimethyl ammonium chloride with the antimicrobial agent hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl
ether imparts to the composition its exclusive synergistic antimicrobial efficacy against
a wide range of commonly encountered disease-causing microbes, such as
20 Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The combination of the antimicrobial
quaternary ammonium compounds and the antimicrobial agent with the combination
of surfactants comprising lauryl amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate, the film forming
poly (acrylic acid) based polymer and the chelating agent ensures an all-surface
compatibility in addition to providing wide surface coverage on hard non-porous
25 surfaces. Thus, the enhanced surfactant properties in conjunction with antimicrobial
agent present in composition provide instantaneous germ-killing action and,
additionally assures germ protection benefits extended up to 24-hours from the time of
application of the product based on the results obtained from standard microbiological
9
assays. The chelating agent enhances the antimicrobial capabilities of quaternary
ammonium compounds. Further, a dominant role is played by the combination of
antimicrobial quaternary ammonium compounds and antimicrobial agent used in the
composition of the present disclosure, due to the strongly positively charged quaternary
ammonium compounds 5 in conjunction with antimicrobial agent, which results in
imparting good substantive property on hard non-porous surfaces by virtue of charge
interactions. Thus, the components of the surface cleaning composition work
synergistically with each other resulting in a superior germ protection activity. The
resulting composition, optionally comprising an active of essential oil thymol as an
10 antiviral agent, successfully demonstrates >99.9% microbe kill rate and is found to be
effective in killing viruses, which include viruses belonging to the family of
Coronavirus, which is an enveloped virus. Few examples include the severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) viruses
which have led to severe epidemics in the past. The disclosed composition further
15 comprises other additives, such as pH stabilizer, corrosion inhibitor, high boiling point
solvent, antioxidant, and perfume which contributes to the overall user-safety, storage
stability and marketability of the final product. Further to this, the present composition
also offers effective cleaning and removal of soil, grease, and grime, whilst, providing
anti-bacterial and anti-viral benefits as stated above. It is expected that there could be
20 logical extensions of this composition for other applications like toilet and bathroom
cleaning as well, where the nature of the hard surfaces might not be perfectly flat
though being nonporous, but might possess curved surface features, as well as some
porosity. Providing extended germ-kill benefits in categories mentioned above, will
certainly be a gamechanger in the industry and shall provide a huge reassurance to the
25 consumers by guaranteeing extended germ protection benefits on hard non-porous
surfaces.
[0042] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition comprising: (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound; (b) an
10
antimicrobial agent; (c) a surfactant; (d) a polymer; and (e) a chelating agent, wherein
the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the
weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
[0043] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, 5 wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium
compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:10 to 10:1. In
another embodiment of the present disclosure, the one or more quaternary ammonium
compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:5 to 5:1. In yet
another embodiment of the present disclosure, the one or more quaternary ammonium
10 compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:4 to 5:1.
[0044] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition comprising: (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound selected
from alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,
15 alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, or combinations thereof; (b) an
antimicrobial agent selected from hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether,
trichlorocarbanilide, chloro xylenol, bromo nitro propanediol, chloro cresols,
polychloro hydroxy phenolic compounds, or combinations thereof; (c) a surfactant
selected from lauryl amine oxide, alcohol ethoxylate, lauryl myristyl amine oxide,
20 cocoamidopropyl amine oxide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, coco betaine,
hydroxysultaines, alcohol ethoxylate propoxylates, nonyl phenol ethoxylates, or
combinations thereof; (d) a polymer selected from acrylic acid homopolymers or
copolymers, methacrylic acid derivatives, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol,
hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, or combinations thereof; and
25 (e) a chelating agent selected from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) disodium,
EDTA tetrasodium, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP),
diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMP), ethylenediamine
tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) (EDTMP), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
11
(DTPA), sodium gluconate, methylglycinediacetic acid sodium salt, or combinations
thereof, wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the
antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
[0045] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface
cleaning composition comprising: 5 (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound
selected from alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride or combinations thereof; (b) an antimicrobial agent is hydroxy
dichlorodiphenyl ether; (c) a surfactant selected from lauryl amine oxide, alcohol
10 ethoxylate, or combinations thereof; (d) a polymer is acrylic acid homopolymers or
copolymers; and (e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium, wherein the one or more
quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio
range of 1:100 to 100:1.
[0046] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
15 composition as described herein, wherein (a) one or more quaternary ammonium
compound selected from alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl
dimethyl ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, or combinations
thereof; (b) an antimicrobial agent is hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether; (c) a surfactant
20 selected from lauryl amine oxide, alcohol ethoxylate, or combinations thereof; (d) a
polymer is acrylic acid homopolymers or copolymers; and (e) a chelating agent is
EDTA disodium, wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the
antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:10 to 10:1. In another embodiment
of the present disclosure, wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound
25 and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:5 to 5: 1. In yet another
embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium
compound and the antimicrobial agent weight ratio is 5:1.
12
[0047] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, wherein the composition further comprises a pH
stabilizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a high boiling point solvent, an antioxidant, a perfume,
and optionally an active of essential oil.
[0048] In an embodiment of the present 5 disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, wherein the pH stabilizer is selected from
triethanolamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, sodium bicarbonate, sodium
carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, or combinations thereof; the
corrosion inhibitor is selected from sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium silicate,
10 sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, or combination thereof; the high boiling point
solvent is selected from glycol ethers, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol,
benzyl alcohol, or combination thereof; the antioxidant is selected from butylated
hydroxy toluene, butylated hydroxy anisole, benzophenone-3, benzophenone-4, or
combination thereof; and the active of essential oil selected from thymol, eugenol,
15 menthol, geraniol, verbenone, eucalyptol, pinocarvone, cedrol, anethol, carvacrol,
hinokitiol, berberine, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, methyl salicylic acid, methyl
salicylate, terpineol, or combinations thereof.
[0049] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, wherein the composition further comprises
20 triethanolamine as a pH stabilizer, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate as a corrosion
inhibitor, glycol ether as a high boiling point solvent, butylated hydroxy toluene as an
antioxidant, perfume, and optionally thymol as an active of essential oil.
[0050] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, wherein (a) one or more quaternary ammonium
25 compound selected from alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl
dimethyl ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, or combinations thereof; (b) an antimicrobial agent is hydroxy
dichlorodiphenyl ether; (c) a surfactant selected from lauryl amine oxide, alcohol
13
ethoxylate, or combinations thereof; (d) a polymer is acrylic acid homopolymers or
copolymers; (e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium powder; (f) optionally, an active
of essential oil is thymol; (g) a pH stabilizer is triethanolamine; (h) a corrosion inhibitor
is sodium metasilicate pentahydrate; (i) a high boiling point solvent is glycol ethers; (j)
an antioxidant is butylated hydroxy toluene; (k) a perfume; 5 and (l) water (q.s), wherein
the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the
weight ratio range of 1:10 to 10:1.
[0051] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition comprising: (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound is a
10 combination of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride in the range of 0.04% – 40.0 % (w/w); (b) an antimicrobial agent
is hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether in the range of 0.01 % – 10.0 % (w/w); (c) a
surfactant is a combination of lauryl amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate in the range
15 of 0.02 % – 20.0 % (w/w); (d) a polymer is acrylic acid copolymer in the range of 0.01
% – 10.0 % (w/w); (e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium powder in the range of 0.01
% - 5.0 % (w/w); wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the
antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1. In another
embodiment of the present disclosure, (a) one more quaternary ammonium compound
20 is a combination of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride in the range of 0.1 % – 5.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.2 % – 2.0 %
(w/w), preferably 0.3 % – 0.5 % (w/w); (b) an antimicrobial agent is hydroxy
dichlorodiphenyl ether in the range of 0.1 % – 5.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.15 % – 0.5 %
25 (w/w); (c) a surfactant is a combination of lauryl amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate
in the range of 0.2 % – 5.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.3 % – 2.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.8 %
– 1.2 % (w/w); (d) a polymer is acrylic acid copolymer in the range of 0.1 % – 5.0 %
(w/w), preferably 0.2 % – 2.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.25 % – 0.5 % (w/w); (e) a chelating
14
agent is EDTA disodium powder in the range of 0.01 % - 5.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.03
% – 2.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.05% – 1.0 % (w/w), wherein the one or more quaternary
ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 10:1
to 1:10.
[0052] In an embodiment of the present 5 disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition comprising: (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound is a
combination of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride in the range of 0.04% – 40.0 % (w/w); (b) an antimicrobial agent
10 is hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether in the range of 0.01 % – 10.0 % (w/w); (c) a
surfactant is a combination of lauryl amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate in the range
of 0.02% – 20.0 % (w/w); (d) a polymer is acrylic acid copolymer in the range of 0.01
% – 10.0 % (w/w); (e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium powder in the range of 0.01
% - 5.0 % (w/w); (f) an active of essential oil is thymol in the range of 0.0 % - 5.0 %
15 (w/w); (g) a pH stabilizer is triethanolamine in the range of 0.01 % - 5.0 % (w/w); (h)
a corrosion inhibitor is sodium metasilicate pentahydrate in the range of 0.01 % - 5.0
% (w/w); (i) a high boiling point solvent is glycol ethers in the range of 1.0 % - 3.0 %
(w/w); (j) an antioxidant is butylated hydroxy toluene in the range of 0.0 to 5% (w/w);
(k) a perfume in the range of 0.2 % to 0.6 % (w/w); and (l) water (q.s), wherein the one
20 or more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight
ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, (a) one
or more quaternary ammonium compound is a combination of alkyl dimethyl benzyl
ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in the range of 0.1 % – 5.0
25 % (w/w), preferably 0.2 % – 2.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.3 % – 0.5 % (w/w); (b) an
antimicrobial agent is hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether in the range of 0.1 % – 5.0 %
(w/w), preferably 0.15 % – 0.5 % (w/w); (c) a surfactant is a combination of lauryl
amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate in the range of 0.2% – 5.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.3
15
% – 2.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.8 % – 1.2 % (w/w); (d) a polymer is acrylic acid
copolymer in the range of 0.1 % – 5.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.2 % – 2.0 % (w/w),
preferably 0.25 % – 0.5 % (w/w); (e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium powder in
the range of 0.1 % - 3.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.3 % – 1.2 % (w/w); (f) an active of
essential oil is thymol in the range of 0.0 % - 5 5.0 % (w/w), preferably 0.02 % – 3.0 %
(w/w), preferably 0.05 % – 1.5 % (w/w); (g) a pH stabilizer is triethanolamine in the
range of 1.0% - 4.0 % (w/w), preferably 2.8 % – 3.2 % (w/w); (h) a corrosion inhibitor
is sodium metasilicate pentahydrate in the range of 0.0.5 % - 2.0 % (w/w), preferably
0.1 % – 1.2 % (w/w); (i) a high boiling point solvent is glycol ethers in the range of 1.1
10 % - 2.7% (w/w), preferably 1.5% –2.5% (w/w); (j) an antioxidant is butylated hydroxy
toluene in the range of 0.0 to 5 % (w/w); (k) a perfume in the range of 0.2 % to 0.5 %
(w/w), preferably 0.3 % –0.45 % (w/w); and (l) water (q.s), wherein the one or more
quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio
range of 1:10 to 10:1.
15 [0053] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition comprising: (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound is a
combination of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride in the range of 0.04% – 40.0 % (w/w); (b) an antimicrobial agent
20 is hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether in the range of 0.01 % – 10.0 % (w/w); (c) a
surfactant is a combination of lauryl amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate in the range
of 0.02% – 20.0 % (w/w); (d) a polymer is acrylic acid copolymer in the range of 0.01
% – 10.0 % (w/w); (e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium powder in the range of 0.01
% - 5.0 % (w/w); (f) a pH stabilizer is triethanolamine in the range of 0.01 % - 5.0 %
25 (w/w); (g) a corrosion inhibitor is sodium metasilicate pentahydrate in the range of 0.01
% - 5.0 % (w/w); (h) a high boiling point solvent is glycol ethers in the range of 1.0 %
- 3.0 % (w/w); (i) an antioxidant is butylated hydroxy toluene in the range of 0.0 to 5
% (w/w); (j) a perfume in the range of 0.2 % to 0.6 % (w/w); and (k) water (q.s),
16
wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent
is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
[0054] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a process of
preparing the surface cleaning composition as described herein, the process
comprising: (a) mixing the one 5 or more quaternary ammonium compound, the
surfactant, the polymer, the chelating agent, and water to obtain a reaction mixture; (b)
dissolving the antimicrobial agent in the high boiling point solvent to obtain a blend;
and (c) contacting the reaction mixture, the blend, the pH stabilizer, the antioxidant,
the corrosion inhibitor, and the perfume to obtain the composition, wherein the one or
10 more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight
ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
[0055] In embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a process of
preparing the surface cleaning composition as described herein, the process
comprising: (a) mixing the one or more quaternary ammonium compound, the
15 surfactant, the polymer, the chelating agent, and water to obtain a reaction mixture; (b)
dissolving the antimicrobial agent in the high boiling point solvent to obtain a blend;
and (c) contacting the reaction mixture, the blend, the pH stabilizer, the antioxidant,
the corrosion inhibitor, the perfume, and optionally the active of essential oil to obtain
the composition, wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the
20 antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
[0056] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a process of
preparing the surface cleaning composition comprising: (i) one or more quaternary
ammonium compound; (ii) an antimicrobial agent; (iii) a surfactant; (iv) a polymer;
and (v) a chelating agent, the process comprising: (a) mixing the one or more
25 quaternary ammonium compound, the surfactant, the polymer, the chelating agent, and
water to obtain a reaction mixture; (b) dissolving the antimicrobial agent in the high
boiling point solvent to obtain a blend; and (c) contacting the reaction mixture, the
blend, the pH stabilizer, the antioxidant, the corrosion inhibitor, and the perfume to
17
obtain the composition, wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and
the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
[0057] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, for use in cleaning hard surface.
[0058] In an embodiment of the present 5 disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, for use in cleaning hard surface, wherein the surface
is hard and non-porous, and selected from glass, plastics, ceramics, or metals.
[0059] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, for use in germ kill, comprising killing or inhibiting
10 the growth of a microorganism.
[0060] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, wherein the composition provides sanitization of
surface for up to 24 hours post treatment.
[0061] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
15 composition as described herein, for use in germ kill, comprising killing or inhibiting
the growth of a microorganism, wherein the microorganism is selected from bacteria,
virus, and fungi.
[0062] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a surface cleaning
composition as described herein, for use in germ kill, comprising killing or inhibiting
20 the growth of a microorganism selected from bacteria, virus, and fungi, wherein the
virus is an enveloped or a non-enveloped virus; and the enveloped or non-enveloped
virus is selected from influenza virus, coronavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus, rotavirus,
or murine virus.
[0063] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided use of the surface
25 cleaning composition as described herein as surface cleaner, wherein, the surface is
hard and non-porous, and selected from glass, plastics, ceramics, or metals.
[0064] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided use of the surface
cleaning composition as described herein for germ kill, comprising killing or inhibiting
18
the growth of a microorganism, wherein the microorganism is selected from bacteria,
virus, and fungi.
[0065] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided use of
composition as described herein for germ kill, comprising killing or inhibiting the
growth of a microorganism selected 5 from bacteria, virus, and fungi, wherein the virus
is an enveloped or a non-enveloped virus; and the enveloped or non-enveloped virus is
selected from influenza virus, coronavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus, rotavirus, or murine
virus.
[0066] Although the subject matter has been described in considerable detail with
10 reference to certain embodiments thereof, other embodiments are possible. As such,
the spirit and scope of the disclosure should not be limited to the description of the
embodiments contained herein.
EXAMPLES
15 [0067] The disclosure will now be illustrated with the working examples, which is
intended to illustrate the working of disclosure and not intended to take restrictively to
imply any limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. Unless defined otherwise,
all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly
understood to one ordinary person skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
20 Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be
used in the practice of the disclosed methods and compositions, the exemplary
methods, devices and materials are described herein. It is to be understood that this
disclosure is not limited to particular methods, and experimental conditions described,
as such methods and conditions may apply.
25 Materials and Methods
[0068] For the purpose of the present disclosure, the components to prepare the
composition of the present disclosure were procured commercially with the CAS
numbers as given below in Table 1:
19
Table 1
Components CAS number
Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 68424-85-1
Octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 68424-95-3
Di Decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 7173-51-5
Hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether. 3380-30-1
Di Octyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 5538-94-3
EDTA disodium powder 6381-92-6
Lauryl amine oxide 1643-20-5, 3332-27-2
Thymol 89-83-8
Alcohol ethoxylate 166736-08-9
Sodium metasilicate pentahydrate 10213-79-3
Triethanolamine 102-71-6
Dipropylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether 29911-28-2
Acrylic acid copolymer, sodium salt 880345-00-6
Perfume Proprietary
DM water 7732-18-5
EXAMPLE 1
Process of preparing the cleaning composition-1
[0069] A surface cleaning composition-5 1 as per the present disclosure was prepared
by following a series of steps carried out at room temperature (25 oC) and atmospheric
pressure. The mixing speed was maintained between 25-180 rpm. All the components
as disclosed in Table 2 were included in the composition according to the weight ranges
as mentioned. The weight percentages mentioned in the below table were calculated
10 with respect to the total weight of the composition.
Table 2
Category Component
%
(w/w) % range (w/w)
alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 0.1 0.01-10
octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 0.1 0.01-10
20
Quaternary
ammonium
compound
di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 0.05 0.01-10
di octyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 0.2 0.01-10
Antimicrobial
agent hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether 0.2 0.01-10
Surfactant
lauryl amine oxide 0.5 0.01-10
alcohol ethoxylate 0.5 0.01-10
Polymer acrylic acid homopolymers or copolymers 0.3 0.01-10
Active of
essential oil Thymol 0.0 0.0 - 5
Chelating
agent EDTA disodium 2 0.01-5
pH stabilizer triethanolamine 3 0.01-5
Corrosion
inhibitor sodium metasilicate pentahydrate 0.3 0.01-5
High boiling
point solvent glycol ethers 2 1.0-3.0
Antioxidant butylated hydroxy toluene 0.00 0.0-5
Perfume 0.3 0.2-0.6
Diluent water
q.s. to
100
[0070] Initially, a mixture of quaternary ammonium compounds comprising 0.1 %
(w/w) of alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 0.1 % (w/w) of octyl decyl
dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.05 % (w/w) of di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,
and 0.2 % (w/w) of di octyl dimethyl 5 ammonium chloride, a solution of surfactants
comprising 0.5 % (w/w) of lauryl amine oxide and 0.5 % (w/w) of alcohol ethoxylate,
0.3 % (w/w) of acrylic acid homopolymers or copolymers, and 2 % (w/w) of disodium
21
salt of EDTA were mixed in demineralized water so as to completely dissolve all the
components added and obtain a reaction mixture. To this reaction mixture, a blend of
2.0 % (w/w) of dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether and 0.2 % (w/w) of hydroxy
dichlorodiphenyl ether was added followed by addition of 3.0 % (w/w) of
triethanolamine, 0.3 % (w/w) of 5 sodium metasilicate pentahydrate and 0.3 % of
perfume. All the components were mixed well for complete dissolution to obtain the
composition of the present disclosure. Sodium metasilicate pentahydrate buffered the
pH of the composition between 9.0 to 9.5. The composition was further subjected to
various tests and analysis to assess its antimicrobial efficacy when applied to hard
10 surfaces, such as metal, glass, ceramics, and plastics.
EXAMPLE 2
Assessment for Antimicrobial and Cleaning efficacy
[0071] The bacterial kill efficacy of the present surface cleaning composition-1 was
15 tested using the European Suspension Test BS EN1276. The test provided quantitative
results for the bactericidal activity against a set of 4 standard bacterial strains
Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Enterococcus
hirae ATCC 10541, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442.
[0072] BS EN1276: The disinfecting properties of the composition were measured by
20 its bactericidal activity using the method laid out in British Standard EN 1276
"Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics - Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation
of bactericidal activity of, chemical disinfectants and antiseptics used in food,
industrial, domestic and institutional areas (Phase 2, step 1)”. This is a standard issued
by the European Committee for Standardization and is applicable to chemical
25 disinfectants and antiseptics to be used in food, industrial, domestic, and institutional
areas where disinfection or antisepsis are indicated.
[0073] The test comprises mixing 1 ml of the test bacterial preparation with 1 ml of an
interfering substance either in simulating "clean" conditions, wherein the interfering
22
substance comprises of 0.03% bovine albumin, or in simulating "dirty" conditions,
wherein the interfering substance comprises 0.3% bovine albumin. To this mixture was
added, 8 ml of the composition under test and was allowed a ten-minute contact time.
After a ten-minute contact time, 1ml of the mixture was removed and was immediately
mixed with 9 ml of a recovery/neutralizer 5 solution, to inactivate the killing action of
the composition. After neutralization, the sample was plated on petri plates to evaluate
the viability reduction of bacteria post exposure to the test composition. The reduction
in viable counts was then calculated and expressed as logarithms to base 10.
[0074] As a standard parameter in BS EN1276, 5 log reduction (99.999% kill) in the
10 viable count of the bacteria qualifies for a disinfectant product claim. Table 3 presents
antimicrobial data on a representative composition of the surface cleaner. The test
results obtained using the present composition on the bacterial strains as per EN 1276,
are illustrated in Table 3 which clearly demonstrates a >4 log reduction for all the
standard test bacterial strains, and further demonstrates an exceptionally high bacterial
15 kill of 99.99 % to 100 %.
Table 3
Test organisms Log Reduction % Kill
Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 >4.33 >99.995
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 >4.14 >99.993
Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 >4.14 >99.993
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 >4.13 >99.993
[0075] Further, the bactericidal, yeasticidal and fungicidal activity of the present
composition on non-porous hard surfaces was assessed following the European
20 suspension standard test BS EN13697. BS EN 13697 is a phase 2 step 2 carrier test
performed on surface disinfectants intended for use without mechanical action in
23
medical area, food, industrial, domestic, and institutional areas to test the efficacy of
the product against bacteria and /or fungi and /or yeast. The European suspension
standard test BS EN13697 is performed to determine the antibacterial and the
antifungal activity of a chemical formulation or products thereof to form a
homogenous, physically stable preparation for 5 ready to use purpose. BS EN13697 was
performed to assess the bactericidal, fungicidal and yeasticidal activity on hard nonporous
surfaces, of the representative composition disclosed herein. The anti-bacterial
activity against a set of 4 standard bacterial strains Escherichia coli ATCC 10536,
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541, and
10 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 were determined. The anti-yeast and antifungal
activity against two most commonly encountered disease-causing species
Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404
respectively, were also determined based on log reduction values obtained in the viable
counts.
15 [0076] Table 4 presents antimicrobial data as per EN13697, against a set of 4 standard
bacterial strains Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538,
Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 with
the representative composition-1 of the surface cleaner. The test results obtained
clearly demonstrate a >4 log reduction for all the standard test bacterial strains and
20 further demonstrates an exceptionally high kill of 99.99 % to 100 %.
Table 4
Test organisms Log Reduction % Kill
Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 >6.23 100.00
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 >4.48 >99.997
Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 >6.62 100.00
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 >7.23 100.00
24
[0077] Table 5 represents the results obtained using the representative surface
cleaning composition-1 on the Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (yeast) and Aspergillus
brasiliensis ATCC 16404 (fungus) strains, as per EN 13697, expressed in terms of log
reduction and % kill. The 5 data in Table 5 clearly shows greater than 3 log reduction or
greater than 99.9% kill for the standard yeast and greater than 2 log reduction or greater
than 99 % kill for the standard fungi test organism.
Table 5
Test organisms Log Reduction % Kill
Candida albicans ATCC 10231 3.96 99.989
Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404 2.44 99.64
10 [0078] The representative composition-1 of the present disclosure was also assessed
for its antiviral efficacy against Escherichia MS2 enveloped virus. Escherichia MS2 is
a non-enveloped, icosahedral virus which lacks a lipid envelope. As a result, MS2 is
generally resistant to chemical disinfectants and is also able to withstand several
environmental stressors like temperature changes, desiccation, and osmotic pressure.
15 MS2 is therefore generally considered more resistant to inactivation than enveloped
viruses, but is more sensitive to inactivation than other small non-enveloped viruses,
hence, was used as a viral representative for screening of antiviral efficacy. The present
composition when challenged with MS2 demonstrate more than 99% antiviral activity
against MS2. Such data promises good results when the antiviral efficacy tests are
20 carried out against the widespread pandemic causing coronavirus. Surprisingly, the
present composition, optionally comprising thymol, also exhibited appreciable
antiviral efficacy against coronavirus.
EXAMPLE 3
25
Preparation of cleaning composition-2
[0079] A surface cleaning composition-2 including thymol (EPA registered) as the
active of essential oil was prepared as per the present disclosure. To prepare the
composition a series of steps were followed. All the components as disclosed in Table
6 were included in the composition according 5 to the weight ranges as mentioned. The
weight percentages mentioned in the below table were calculated with respect to the
total weight of the composition.
Table 6
Category Component
%
(w/w) % range (w/w)
Quaternary
ammonium
compound
alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 0.1 0.01-10
octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 0.1 0.01-10
di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 0.05 0.01-10
di octyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 0.2 0.01-10
Antimicrobial
agent hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether 0.2 0.01-10
Surfactant
lauryl amine oxide 0.5 0.01-10
alcohol ethoxylate 0.5 0.01-10
Polymer acrylic acid homopolymers or copolymers 0.3 0.01-10
Active of
essential oil thymol 0.05 0.0-5.0
Chelating
agent EDTA disodium 2 0.01-5
pH stabilizer triethanolamine 3 0.01-5
Corrosion
inhibitor sodium metasilicate pentahydrate 0.3 0.01-5
26
High boiling
point solvent glycol ethers 2 1.0-3.0
Antioxidant butylated hydroxy toluene 0.01 0.0-5
Perfume perfume 0.3 0.2-0.6
Diluent water
q.s to
100
[0080] A mixture of quaternary ammonium compounds comprising 0.1 % (w/w) of
alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 0.1 % (w/w) of octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, 0.05 % (w/w) of di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and 0.2
% (w/w) of di octyl dimethyl ammonium 5 chloride, a solution of surfactants comprising
0.5 % (w/w) of lauryl amine oxide and 0.5 % (w/w) of alcohol ethoxylate, 0.3 % (w/w)
of acrylic acid homopolymers or copolymers, and 2 % (w/w) of disodium salt of EDTA
were mixed in demineralized water (DM) so as to completely dissolve all the
components added and obtain a reaction mixture. To this reaction mixture, a blend of
10 2.0 % (w/w) of dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether and 0.2 % (w/w) of hydroxy
dichlorodiphenyl ether was added followed by addition of 3.0 % (w/w) of
triethanolamine, 0.3 % (w/w) of sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, 0.05 % (w/w) of
thymol, 0.01 % (w/w) of butylated hydroxy toluene, and 0.3 % of perfume. All the
components were mixed well for complete dissolution to obtain the composition of the
15 present disclosure. Sodium metasilicate pentahydrate buffered the pH of the
composition between 9.0 to 9.5.
EXAMPLE 4
Preparation of cleaning composition-3 and the assessment for antimicrobial and
20 cleaning efficacy
[0081] In an example, a surface cleaning composition-3 as per the present disclosure
was prepared by following a series of steps carried out at room temperature (25oC) and
27
atmospheric pressure. The mixing speed was maintained between 25-180 rpm. All the
components as disclosed in Table 7 were included in the composition according to the
weight ranges as mentioned. The weight percentages mentioned in the below table were
calculated with respect to the total weight of the composition. The cleaning
composition was prepared by the 5 process of the present disclosure, as described in
Example 1. The pH of the composition was adjusted between 9.0 to 9.5.
Table 7
Category Components % (w/w) % range (w/w)
Blend of quaternary
ammonium compounds
alkyl dimethyl
benzyl ammonium
chloride
1 0.50 - 2.0
octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride
di decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride
di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride
Antimicrobial agent hydroxy
dichlorodiphenyl
ether
0.2 0.1 - 1.0
Surfactant
Lauryl amine oxide 1.0 0.3 - 3.0
Alcohol ethoxylate 0.1 0.1 - 1.0
Polymer acrylic acid
homopolymers or
copolymers
0.25 0.01 - 0.5
Chelating agent EDTA disodium 0.3 0.1 - 1.0
pH stabilizer Triethanolamine 1.0 0.5 - 3.0
Corrosion inhibitor Sodium metasilicate
pentahydrate
0.1 0.1 - 1.0
High boiling point
solvent
glycol ethers 1.0 1.0 - 3.0
Antioxidant Butylated Hydroxy
Toluene (BHT)
0.01 0.001 - 0.05
Perfume 0.5 0.2 - 0.8
Diluent water q.s. to 100 q.s. to 100
28
[0082] The composition-3 was subjected to various tests and analysis to assess its
antimicrobial efficacy and degreasing/cleaning efficacy when applied to hard surfaces,
such as metal, glass, ceramics, and plastics.
5 Antimicrobial efficacy assessment
[0083] The cleaning composition-3 was assessed for antibacterial, antifungal, and
antiviral efficacy using standard tests. The bactericidal, yeasticidal and fungicidal
activity of the composition-3 on non-porous hard surfaces was assessed using the
European suspension standard test BS EN13697.
10 [0084] BS EN 13697: Non-porous surface test for chemical disinfectant and
antiseptics, is a phase 2 step 2 carrier test performed on surface disinfectants intended
for use without mechanical action in medical area, food, industrial, domestic, and
institutional areas to test the efficacy of the product against bacteria and /or fungi and
/or yeast. The European suspension standard test BS EN13697 is performed to
15 determine the antibacterial and the antifungal activity of a chemical formulation or
products thereof to form a homogenous, physically stable preparation for ready to use
purpose. BS EN13697 was performed to assess the bactericidal, fungicidal or
yeasticidal activity on hard non-porous surfaces, of the composition-3 disclosed herein.
[0085] The antibacterial data of the composition-3 against a set of 4 standard bacterial
20 strains Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538,
Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 was
assessed with a contact time of five minutes. The test results in Table 8 clearly
demonstrate a >5 log reduction for all the standard test bacterial strains and further
demonstrate an exceptionally high kill of 99.999 % to 100 %. The composition-3 of
25 the present disclosure passes the acceptance criteria of more than 4 log reduction for
bacteria, as per EN 13697.
Table 8
Test organism Log Reduction % Kill
29
Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 >5.98 >99.999
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 >6.24 >99.9999
Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 >5.99 >99.999
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 >6.84 >99.9999
[0086] The anti-yeast and anti-fungal activity against two most commonly
encountered disease-causing species Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus
brasiliensis ATCC 16404 respectively, were also analysed based on log reduction
values in the viable counts obtained with a ten-5 minute contact time, as shown in Table
9. The data obtained clearly shows greater than 6 log reduction or greater than
99.9999% kill for the standard yeast and greater than 3 log reduction or greater than
99.9 % kill for the standard fungi test organism. Thus, the composition-3 of the present
disclosure passes the acceptance criteria of more than 3 log reduction for fungicidal
10 activity, as per EN 13697.
Table 9
Test organism Log Reduction % Kill
Candida albicans ATCC 10231 >6.47 >99.9999
Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404 >3.41 >99.9
[0087] The composition-3 was also assessed for its antiviral efficacy. The antiviral
activity of the composition was assessed against Escherichia virus MS2 (MS2
15 bacteriophage). MS2 bacteriophage is a non-enveloped virus that is resistant to general
chemical disinfectants, environmental stressors like temperature changes, desiccation,
and osmotic pressure. The standard test performed to check the effectiveness of the
composition against MS2 bacteriophage was EN 13697. The composition and MS2
bacteriophage were allowed ten-minute contact time.
20 [0088] Similarly, the antiviral activity of the composition-3 against Human
Coronavirus 229E was also assessed with a contact time of ten minutes. Human
30
coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) is a species of coronavirus which infects humans and
bats. It is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus, which generally causes mild to
moderate upper-respiratory tract illness.
[0089] The effectiveness of the composition against HCoV-229E was analyzed using
EN 14476: 2019. The virucidal efficacy 5 against MS2 and Human coronavirus 229E, of
the composition-3 is shown in Table 10.
Table 10
Test Test conditions Test organism Log
Reduction
%
removal
EN 13697
10-minute contact
time
MS2 Bacteriophage 0.51 69.41
EN 14476:
2019
Clean condition,
10-minute contact
time
Human coronavirus
229E
>3 >99.9
Residual self-sanitizing activity assessment
10 [0090] The residual self-sanitizing activity determining the stability of the
composition-3 performance was assessed using the standard test PAS 2424.
[0091] PAS 2424: It is a quantitative surface test for evaluation of residual
antimicrobial (bactericidal and/or yeasticidal) efficacy of liquid chemical disinfectants
on hard non-porous surfaces. The activity of composition or active substances is
15 determined using the test under the conditions in which they are used in accordance
with BS EN 13697.
[0092] The test was performed to determine the 24 hours residual antibacterial
efficacy of the composition-3 of the present disclosure against a set of 4 standard
bacterial strains Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538,
20 Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, where
a ten-minute contact time was allowed. To pass the PAS 2424 test and to claim a
31
disinfectant product, a log 3 reduction (99.9% kill) of the bacteria must be attained.
The residual antibacterial data of the composition-3 is shown in Table 11.
Table 11
Test organism Log Reduction % Kill
Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 >3.62 >99.9
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 >3.77 >99.9
Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541 >3.63 >99.9
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 >3.80 >99.9
[0093] The antibacterial efficacy 5 of the composition was also assessed under
conditions of storage stability for nine weeks, under the conditions of 40 °C/ 80%
relative humidity, and at room temperature, respectively. The 24 hours residual
protection of the composition for a nine week stored sample is shown in Table 12.
Table 12
Conditions Test organism Log
Reduction
% Kill
40 °C/ 80 %
relative
humidity
9 weeks
Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 >3.43 >99.9
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC
6538
>3.67 >99.9
Enterococcus hirae ATCC
10541
>3.58 >99.9
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ATCC 15442
>3.78 >99.9
Room
temperature,
9 weeks
Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 >3.43 >99.9
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC
6538
>3.67 >99.9
Enterococcus hirae ATCC
10541
>3.58 >99.9
32
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ATCC 15442
>3.78 >99.9
[0094] It is clear from the Tables 11 and 12 that the composition-3 of the present
disclosure is surprisingly stable in its performance and provides 24 hours protection
against microorganism like bacteria even with cleaning composition which have
undergone 9 weeks of stability studies, 5 on exposure to elevated storage conditions of
temperature and humidity.
Cleaning efficacy assessment
[0095] The cleaning efficacy of the surface cleaning composition-3 was assessed
10 against soil, grease, and grime. To determine the effective removal of grease using the
composition, the surface of a white or off-white glazed ceramic tile of dimension of
11.75 inch × 7.75 inch, was covered with 5 gm of grease composition. The grease
composition comprised of 4.90 gm of edible oil and 0.1 gm of turmeric, imparting a
yellowish to brown shade to the surface, as shown in Figure 1(a). The grease covered
15 surface was left for a period of 30 hours.
[0096] The grease covered surface was then contacted with the surface cleaning
composition of present disclosure using a pump spray. The pump spray delivered an
average of 0.7310 gm of the composition per spray application. The total amount of
composition required to clean 5 gm of grease was calculated to be 36.3 gm. The
20 composition was left on the surface for a contact time of 5 minutes. The surface was
then manually cleaned using a dry wipe and hard water, followed by air drying. The
color of the surface returned to white or off white, and was very close to the original,
as shown in Figure 1(b).
[0097] The cleaning effect was evident from the visual color difference between the
25 original tile and greased tile cleaned after the application of composition-3. The
difference was measured using reflectance spectroscopy to quantify the extent of
33
cleaning of the soiled white tile after the application of the composition followed by
water rinsing and dabbing the surface gently with a dry cloth. The reemission value of
the original tile before and after the grease coating are 81.43 and 5.20, respectively.
After the cleaning of the grease coated tile using the composition-3, the reemission
value is 80.54. The small difference in reemission 5 values confirm the cleaning effect
of the composition of the present disclosure. The color difference between the original
tile surface and greased tile after cleaning with the composition is very small (~0.818),
which indicates that the composition of the present disclosure is highly efficient in
removing grease from a hard nonporous surface, in addition to antimicrobial
10 performance.
EXAMPLE 5
Effect of components of surface cleaning composition on the antimicrobial
efficacy
15 [0098] The example involves the study of effect of components on the antimicrobial
performance of the surface cleaning composition as prepared in Example 4. The study
was performed using comparative compositions C1, C2 and C3 prepared as per the
prescribed weight ratio ranges in Table 13, to understand influence on the antimicrobial
or germ kill properties of the cleaning compositions in relation to its activity
20 against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, fungi and its virucidal
efficacies. The cleaning compositions were prepared by the process of the present
disclosure, as described in Example 1.
Table 13
Category Components % (w/w)
C1 C2 C3
Blend of
quaternary
ammonium
compounds
alkyl dimethyl
benzyl ammonium
chloride
1 1 1
octyl decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride
34
di decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride
di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride
Antimicrobial
agent
hydroxy
dichlorodiphenyl
ether
0.0 0.2 0.2
Surfactant
Lauryl amine oxide 1.0 1.0 1.0
Alcohol ethoxylate 0.1 0.1 0.1
Polymer acrylic acid
homopolymers or
copolymers
0.25 0.25 0.0
Chelating
agent
EDTA disodium 0.3 0.0 0.3
pH stabilizer Triethanolamine 1.0 1.0 1.0
Corrosion
inhibitor
Sodium metasilicate
pentahydrate
0.1 0.1 0.1
High boiling
point solvent
glycol ethers 1.0 1.0 1.0
Antioxidant Butylated Hydroxy
Toluene (BHT)
0.01 0.01 0.01
Perfume 0.5 0.5 0.5
Diluent water q.s. to 100 q.s. to 100 q.s. to 100
[0099] The comparative compositions C1, C2 and C3 were prepared by employing
the same method as given in Example 4. However, the comparative composition C1
does not include the antimicrobial agent (hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether). Similarly,
the comparative composition 5 C2 is prepared without the chelating agent (EDTA
disodium) and the comparative composition C3 does not include the polymer (acrylic
acid homopolymers or copolymers).
Antimicrobial efficacy assessment of compositions C1, C2 and C3
10 [0100] The cleaning composition C1, C2, and C3 were assessed for antibacterial,
antifungal, and antiviral efficacy as per the standard tests. The standard test performed
to check the antimicrobial and/or disinfecting effectiveness of C1, C2, and C3 were
35
European suspension standard test BS EN13697. BS EN13697 is carrier test performed
on surface disinfectants and it was performed to assess the bactericidal, fungicidal or
yeasticidal activity on hard non-porous surfaces.
[0101] The antibacterial data of each of the comparative composition against a set of
4 standard bacterial 5 strains Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, Staphylococcus aureus
ATCC 6538, Enterococcus hirae ATCC 10541, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC
15442 was assessed with a contact time of five minutes, as shown in Table 14.
Table 14
Composition pH Test organism Log
Reduction
% Kill
C1 9.56
Escherichia coli >4.20 >99.99
Staphylococcus aureus >4.57 >99.99
Enterococcus hirae >4.21 >99.99
Pseudomonas aeruginosa >5.16 >99.999
C2 10.94
Escherichia coli >4.20 >99.99
Staphylococcus aureus >4.57 >99.99
Enterococcus hirae >4.21 >99.99
Pseudomonas aeruginosa >5.16 >99.999
C3 9.22
Escherichia coli >4.20 >99.99
Staphylococcus aureus >4.57 >99.99
Enterococcus hirae >4.21 >99.99
Pseudomonas aeruginosa >5.16 >99.999
10 [0102] The antiviral activity of the composition was assessed against
Escherichia virus MS2 (MS2 bacteriophage) as shown in Table 15. MS2 bacteriophage
is a non-enveloped virus that is resistant to general chemical disinfectants,
environmental stressors like temperature changes, desiccation, and osmotic pressure.
The standard test performed to check the effectiveness of the composition against MS2
36
bacteriophage was ASTM 2783. The composition and MS2 bacteriophage was allowed
ten-minute contact time.
Table 15
Composition pH Test organism Log
Reduction
% Kill
C1 9.56 MS2 bacteriophage 4.29 99.995
C2 6.88 MS2 bacteriophage 5.07 99.999
C3 6.88 MS2 bacteriophage 3.81 99.98
[0103] It is observed that the virucidal efficacies 5 of these three compositions against
non-enveloped virus is more than 99.9 %.
[0104] The anti-yeast and anti-fungal activity of the compositions against Candida
albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404 respectively, were
analysed based on log reduction values in the viable counts obtained with a ten-minute
10 contact time as per EN 13697, as shown in Table 16.
Table 16
Composition pH Test organism Log
Reduction
% Kill
C1 9.56
Candida albicans >4.20 >99.99
Aspergillus brasiliensis 2.30 99.50
C2 6.88
Candida albicans >4.20 >99.99
Aspergillus brasiliensis 2.16 99.32
C3 10.94
Candida albicans >4.20 >99.99
Aspergillus brasiliensis 2.26 99.45
[0105] As evident from data in Tables 14, 15, and 16, the composition C1 without the
antimicrobial agent (hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether) while demonstrating good
15 antibacterial and antiviral efficacy, exhibited weak antifungal efficacy. This indicates
37
that there exists a synergism between the components of the present disclosure towards
overall germ-kill efficacies, wherein the germ covers bacteria, virus, fungi, and yeast.
Similarly, the composition C2 without the chelating agent (EDTA), although meeting
the antibacterial and antiviral efficacy standard fell short of clearing the standard for
efficacy against fungi. Thus, EDTA in the 5 cleaning composition helps in enhancing the
antimicrobial properties.
[0106] Composition C3 without the polymer also failed to exhibit antifungal efficacy.
This shows that the combination of blend of antimicrobial quaternary ammonium
compounds, hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether and EDTA in C3 did not clear the EN
10 13697 germ-kill assay for fungi, indicating the synergistic effect of polymer along with
these components. Therefore, the above data demonstrates the criticality of each
components of the surface cleaning composition of the present disclosure, wherein
each component work synergistically in conjunction with each other to provide
surprising results in terms of overall antimicrobial activity. In other words, it is
15 observed that the exclusion of even one of the ingredients from the cleaning
composition, results in overall efficacies compromised against fungi.
[0107] Overall, the above examples clearly illustrate the surprising activity of the
surface cleaning composition-3 of Example 4, in terms of high overall antimicrobial
efficacy against germs, such as bacteria, yeast, fungi and viruses, when the surface
20 cleaning composition is sprayed and left to stand on hard nonporous surfaces for ten
minutes. The composition additionally provides protection against germs for 24 hours
and a performance stability for a period of at least 9 weeks.
25 ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0108] The above-mentioned implementation examples as described on this subject
matter and its equivalent thereof have many advantages, including those which are
described.
38
[0109] The present disclosure discloses a composition for the purpose of cleaning
contaminated hard surfaces and shows efficacy over a wide range of disease-causing
microbes including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus
aureus, Enterococcus hirae, Candida albicans and Aspergillus brasiliensis. The
composition described in the present 5 disclosure comprises a combination of quaternary
ammonium compounds and antimicrobial agent along with a film forming polymer
which together impart a synergistic effect to the overall antimicrobial efficacy, with an
excellent outcome of above 99.9% kill rate. The specific combination of the quaternary
ammonium compounds and antimicrobial agent with the surfactants and along with
10 film forming polymers further provides an instantaneous action against the germs
within 10 minutes of contact application and also offers up to 24-hours of residual self
sanitization on hard non-porous surfaces by virtue of germ killing efficiency. Further,
the composition can be effectively used to disinfect all the commonly used, both flat
and curved surfaces, such as glass, plastics, ceramics, or metals. It also effectively
15 removes soil, grease and grime attached to a surface. The components included in the
proposed composition are abundantly available and inexpensive and the process of its
preparation is also quite simple and rapid. Hence, the composition of the present
disclosure is an ideal candidate to replace the existing cleaning products available in
the market. A unique feature of this water-based composition is the assurance of an up
20 to 24-hour germ protection on hard surfaces post application, which is normally not
exhibited by the conventional spray cleaners available in market.
39
I/We Claim:
1. A surface cleaning composition comprising:
(a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound;
(b) an antimicrobial agent;
5 (c) a surfactant;
(d) a polymer; and
(e) a chelating agent,
wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the
antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
10 2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more quaternary
ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range
of 1:10 to 10:1.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the one or more quaternary
ammonium compound is selected from alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium
15 chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di decyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl dimethyl
ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, or combinations thereof; the antimicrobial
agent is selected from hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether, trichlorocarbanilide,
chloro xylenol, bromo nitro propanediol, chloro cresols, polychloro hydroxy
20 phenolic compounds, or combinations thereof; the surfactant is selected from
lauryl amine oxide, alcohol ethoxylate, lauryl myristyl amine oxide,
cocoamidopropyl amine oxide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, coco betaine,
hydroxysultaines, alcohol ethoxylate propoxylates, nonyl phenol ethoxylates,
or combinations thereof; the polymer is selected from acrylic acid
25 homopolymers or copolymers, methacrylic acid derivatives, polyvinyl
pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl
cellulose, or combinations thereof; and the chelating agent is selected from
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) disodium, EDTA tetrasodium, 1-
40
hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), diethylenetriamine
penta(methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMP), ethylenediamine tetra(methylene
phosphonic acid) (EDTMP), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA),
sodium gluconate, methylglycinediacetic acid sodium salt, or combinations
5 thereof.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further
comprises a pH stabilizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a high boiling point solvent, an
antioxidant, a perfume, and optionally an active of essential oil.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pH stabilizer is selected
10 from triethanolamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, sodium
bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, or
combinations thereof; the corrosion inhibitor is selected from sodium
metasilicate pentahydrate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, or
combinations thereof; the high boiling point solvent is selected from glycol
15 ethers, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, or
combinations thereof; the antioxidant is selected from butylated hydroxy
toluene, butylated hydroxy anisole, benzophenone-3, benzophenone-4, or
combinations thereof; and the active of essential oil selected from thymol,
eugenol, menthol, geraniol, verbenone, eucalyptol, pinocarvone, cedrol,
20 anethol, carvacrol, hinokitiol, berberine, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, methyl
salicylic acid, methyl salicylate, terpineol, or combinations thereof.
6. A surface cleaning composition comprising:
(a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound is a combination of alkyl
dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium
25 chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride in the range of 0.04% – 40.0 % (w/w);
(b) an antimicrobial agent is hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether in the range of
0.01 % - 10.0 % (w/w);
41
(c) a surfactant is a combination of lauryl amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate
in the range of 0.02% – 20.0 % (w/w);
(d) a polymer is acrylic acid copolymer in the range of 0.01 % - 10.0 % (w/w);
and
(e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium 5 powder in the range of 0.01 % - 5.0 %
(w/w);
wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent
is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
7. A surface cleaning composition comprising:
10 (a) one or more quaternary ammonium compound is a combination of alkyl
dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium
chloride, di decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di octyl dimethyl
ammonium chloride in the range of 0.04% – 40.0 % (w/w);
(b) an antimicrobial agent is hydroxy dichlorodiphenyl ether in the range of
15 0.01 % – 10.0 % (w/w);
(c) a surfactant is a combination of lauryl amine oxide and alcohol ethoxylate
in the range of 0.02% – 20.0 % (w/w);
(d) a polymer is acrylic acid copolymer in the range of 0.01 % – 10.0 % (w/w);
(e) a chelating agent is EDTA disodium powder in the range of 0.01 % - 5.0 %
20 (w/w);
(f) an active of essential oil is thymol in the range of 0.0 % - 5.0 % (w/w);
(g) a pH stabilizer is triethanolamine in the range of 0.01 % - 5.0 % (w/w);
(h) a corrosion inhibitor is sodium metasilicate pentahydrate in the range of
0.01 % - 5.0 % (w/w);
25 (i) a high boiling point solvent is glycol ethers in the range of 1.0 % - 3.0 %
(w/w);
(j) an antioxidant is butylated hydroxy toluene in the range of 0.0 % - 5 %
(w/w);
42
(k) a perfume in the range of 0.2 % to 0.6 % (w/w); and
(l) water (q.s),
wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the antimicrobial agent
is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
8. A process of preparing the surface 5 cleaning composition as claimed in claim 1,
the process comprising:
(a) mixing the one or more quaternary ammonium compound, the surfactant,
the polymer, the chelating agent, and water to obtain a reaction mixture;
(b) dissolving the antimicrobial agent in the high boiling point solvent to obtain
10 a blend; and
(c) contacting the reaction mixture, the blend, the pH stabilizer, the antioxidant,
the corrosion inhibitor, the perfume, and optionally the active of essential
oil to obtain the composition,
wherein the one or more quaternary ammonium compound and the
15 antimicrobial agent is in the weight ratio range of 1:100 to 100:1.
9. The composition as claimed in claim 1, for use in cleaning hard surface.
10. The composition as claimed in claim 9, wherein the surface is hard and nonporous,
and selected from glass, plastics, ceramics, or metals.
11. The composition as claimed in claim 1, for use in germ kill, comprising killing
20 or inhibiting the growth of a microorganism.
12. The composition as claimed in claim 11, wherein the composition provides
sanitization of surface for up to 24 hours post treatment.
13. The composition as claimed in claims 11, wherein the microorganism is
selected from bacteria, virus, and fungi.
25 14. The composition as claimed in claim 13, wherein the virus is an enveloped or
a non-enveloped virus; and the enveloped or non-enveloped virus is selected
43
from influenza virus, coronavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus, rotavirus, or murine
virus.