We Claim:
[Claim 1] A synchronous linear motor, comprising:
a stator including a base portion and a plurality of projecting poles, the plurality of projecting poles projecting from the base portion and being formed of magnetic bodies; and
a movable element, which is arranged opposed to the plurality of projecting poles through a space,
wherein the plurality of projecting poles are arranged apart from one another along a moving direction of the movable element,
wherein the movable element includes a core formed of a magnetic body, a plurality of coils, and a plurality of permanent magnets arrayed along the moving direction,
wherein the core includes core backs and a plurality of teeth, the plurality of teeth projecting from the core backs toward the projecting poles and being arrayed along the moving direction,
wherein the plurality of coils are at least wound around the teeth on both end sides in the moving direction,
wherein the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged at center portions of the teeth along a projecting direction of the teeth,
wherein a polarity of a magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is the same as a polarity of an opposed magnetic pole in an adjacent permanent magnet, and
wherein the number of different shapes of the plurality of permanent magnets or the number of different magnetic characteristics of the plurality of permanent magnets is two or more.

[Claim 2] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 1, wherein, when the number of different shapes of the plurality of permanent magnets is two or more, thicknesses of the plurality of permanent magnets in the moving direction or widths of the plurality of permanent magnets in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction and the projecting direction of the teeth vary.
[Claim 3] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of permanent magnets having the same shape or the same magnetic characteristic are arranged in the teeth located at positions symmetrical with respect to a center of a width of the movable element in the moving direction.
[Claim 4] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein, when the number of different shapes of the plurality of permanent magnets is two or more, a thickness in the moving direction of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction and a thickness in the moving direction of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction are different from each other.
[Claim 5] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein, when the number of different shapes of the plurality of permanent magnets is two or more, a width in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction and to the projecting direction of the teeth of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction and a width in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction and to the projecting direction of the teeth of each of the

permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction are different from each other.
[Claim 6] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein, when the number of different magnetic characteristics of the plurality of permanent magnets is two or more, a residual magnetic flux density of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction and a residual magnetic flux density of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction are different from each other.
[Claim 7] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein, when the number of different magnetic characteristics of the plurality of permanent magnets is two or more, a magnetization ratio of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction and a magnetization ratio of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction are different from each other.
[Claim 8] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein a shape of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction is the same as a shape of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction, or a magnetic characteristic of each of the permanent magnets arranged on the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction is the same as a magnetic characteristic of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end

sides of the movable element in the moving direction.
[Claim 9] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein, when the number of different shapes of the plurality of permanent magnets is three or more, a thickness in the moving direction of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable elements in the moving direction, a thickness in the moving direction of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction, and a thickness in the moving direction of each of the permanent magnets arranged third from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction are different from one another.
[Claim 10] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein, when the number of different shapes of the plurality of permanent magnets is three or more, a width in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable elements in the moving direction, a width in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction, and a width in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of each of the permanent magnets arranged third from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction are different from one another.
[Claim 11] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein, when the number of different magnetic characteristics of the plurality of permanent magnets is three or more, a residual magnetic flux density of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction, a residual

magnetic flux density of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction, and a residual magnetic flux density of each of the permanent magnets arranged third from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction are different from one another.
[Claim 12] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 3, wherein, when the number of different magnetic characteristics of the plurality of permanent magnets is three or more, a magnetization ratio of each of the permanent magnets arranged on both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction, a magnetization ratio of each of the permanent magnets arranged second from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction, and a magnetization ratio of each of the permanent magnets arranged third from the both end sides of the movable element in the moving direction are different from one another.
[Claim 13] The synchronous linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the number of the plurality of projecting poles opposed to the movable element is an integer.
[Claim 14] The synchronous linear motor according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
wherein the core is formed of a plurality of segment cores arrayed along the
moving direction, and
wherein the plurality of segment cores each include the core back and the
tooth.

[Claim 15] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 14, wherein the core is divided at the core backs between the adjacent teeth.
[Claim 16] The synchronous linear motor according to claim 14, wherein the core is divided at the teeth.