DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to synergistic mixtures of Thifluzamide, Fungicide and Biostimulants, wherein Fungicide is selected from Copper Oxychloride, Validamycin, Azoxystrobin, Trifloxystrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Prothioconazole, Epoxycoanzole, Cyproconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazile, Tricyclazole or mixture thereof and Biostimulant is selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid. The present invention more particularly relates to Fungicidal compositions and a method of preparation thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Thifluzamide, N-[2,6-dibromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide is an aromatic amide used to control Rhizoctonia spp. diseases on rice, potatoes, maize, grass and other crops.

The combinations of Thifluzamide with other Fungicides are known in the literature such as CN103918677 (A) (Thifluzamide and Copper preparation such as Copper oxychloride or Copper hydroxide).

CN103918677, CN101828560 (A) and CN101971825 (A) disclosed combination of Thifluzamide and Azoxystrobin, CN102239852A (Combination of Trifloxystrobin and Thifluzamide), CN103563920B (Combination of Thifluzamide and Picoxystrobin).

Combination of Pyraclostrobin and Thifluzamide is disclosed at the following link: http://www.agropages.com/AgroData/Detail-2400.htm.

CN101828559B discloses combination of first active ingredient Thifluzamide and second active ingredient is selected from Cyproconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazile.

CN103563913B (Combination of Thifluzamide and Prothioconazole), CN102258036B (Combination of Thifluzamide and Epoxycoanzole).

Combination of Thifluzamide and Tricyclazole is disclosed at the following link: http://www.agropages.com/AgroData/Detail-1337.htm.

Efficacy Evaluation of 16% Validamycin * thifluzamide SC against Selerotium rolfsii in Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo; Yajun, Huang; Huiming, Song; Pei, Ding; Lifeng, Guo; Yong, Xu; et al. Plant Diseases and Pests; Cranston Vol. 9, Iss. 1, (Feb 2018): 41-42. This publication discloses the combination Validamycin and Thifluzamide.

Agricultural biostimulants include diverse formulations of compounds, substances and micro-organisms that are applied to plants or soils to improve crop vigour, yields, quality and tolerance of abiotic stresses. Biostimulants foster plant growth and development throughout the crop life cycle from seed germination to plant maturity in a number of demonstrated ways, including but not limited to:

• Improving the efficiency of the plant’s metabolism to induce yield increases and enhanced crop quality;
• Increasing plant tolerance to and recovery from abiotic stresses;
• Facilitating nutrient assimilation, translocation and use;
• Enhancing quality attributes of produce, including sugar content, colour, fruit seeding, etc;
• Rendering water use more efficient;
• Enhancing soil fertility, particularly by fostering the development of complementary soil micro-organisms.

Biostimulants operate through different mechanisms than fertilisers, regardless of the presence of nutrients in the products.

Biostimulants differ from crop protection products because they act only on the plant’s vigour and do not have any direct actions against pests or disease. Crop biostimulation is thus complementary to crop nutrition and crop protection.

The present inventors have surprisingly developed an fungicidal composition comprising Thifluzamide, Fungicide and Biostimulants selected from Fulvic acid, or Amino acid which increase the yield and plant vigour of the treated plant.

The Fungicides are selected from group consisting of Copper Oxychloride, Validamycin, Azoxystrobin, Trifloxystrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Prothioconazole, Epoxycoanzole, Cyproconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazile, Tricyclazole or mixture thereof.

Advantages of the present invention
1. Improved/ increase in efficacy against fungal and bacterial diseases in crops.
2. To broaden the activity against fungal and bacterial diseases in crops i.e. controlling many diseases at a time.
3. Improved overall plant healthy and there by yield.
4. Increase plant tolerance against fungal and bacterial diseases and abiotic stress.
5. Disease resistance management or to delay disease resistance development thorough engaging multiple mode of action.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an fungicidal composition comprising Thifluzamide, Fungicide and Biostimulants selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an fungicidal composition comprising Thifluzamide, Fungicide and Biostimulants selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid which improve the yield and plant vigour of the treated plant.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided an fungicidal composition comprising:

I) Thifluzamide in the range from 0.1 to 30% by weight of the composition;
II) Fungicide in the range from 0.1 to 50% by weight of the composition wherein the said fungicide is selected from group consisting of Copper Oxychloride, Validamycin, Azoxystrobin, Trifloxystrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Prothioconazole, Epoxycoanzole, Cyproconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazile, Tricyclazole; and
III) Biostimulants in the range from 0.1 to 20% by weight of the composition wherein biostimulants are selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to fungicidal mixtures of Thifluzamide, Fungicide and Biostimulants selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid.

In an embodiment of the present invention there is provided an fungicidal composition of comprising:

I) Thifluzamide;
II) Fungicide and
III) Biostimulants selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid.

In another embodiment of the present invention there is provided an Fungicidal composition comprising Thifluzamide, Fungicide and Biostimulants selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid with the following mass percentage of the composition:

Sr. No. Raw material Concentration range (w/w %)
i Thifluzamide 0.1 to 30%
ii Fungicide 0.1 to 50%
iii Biostimulants 0.1 to 20%

The Fungicides are selected from group consisting of Copper Oxychloride, Validamycin, Azoxystrobin, Trifloxystrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Prothioconazole, Epoxycoanzole, Cyproconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazile, Tricyclazole or mixture thereof.

Biostimulants is selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid such as Glycine, Proline, Hydroxyproline, Glutamic acid, Alanine, Arginine, or Phenylalanine.

The fungicidal composition of the present invention may be formulated in the forms given below:

Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Flowable suspension/concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granule/ soil applied (GR), Controlled (Slow or Fast) release granules (CR)Solution for seed treatment (LS), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (= flowable concentrate) (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water soluble powder (SP), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry treatment (WS), A mixed formulation of CS en SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS en SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS en EW (ZW).

In a preffered embodiment of the present invention the composition may be formulated as Suspension concentrate (SC).

In another embodiment the composition of the present invention further comprises inactive excipients.

The list of inactive excipients for SC formulation are as follows:

The list of inactive excipients for SC formulation are as follows:

Inactive excipients used in SC (Suspension Concentrate (= flowable concentrate) formulation:
Dispersing agent: Acrylic graft copolymer, Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, Sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, Sodium Ligno sulfonate.
Dispersing agent cum Emulsifier: Polyalkoxy alkyl ether, Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer.
Dispersing agent & Wetting agent: Polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol etc., Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, Polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyldiphenylsulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate,Alkylnaphthalene sulfonate etc., Acrylic graft copolymer, Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, Sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, Sodium Ligno sulfonate,Sodium ploycarboxylate,EO/PO based copolymer, Phenol sulfonate, Sodium Methyl Oleoyl Taurate,
Wetting agent & Spreader: Trisiloxane ethoxylate.
Wetting agent & Emulsifier: Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate.
Antifoaming agent: Silicone antifoam emulsion, Dimethylsiloxane, Polydimethyl siloxane etc., Vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane.
Rheology Modifier and Thickner: Polysaccharide.
Anti freezing Agent: Glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), Glycerin, Urea, Magnesium sulfate Heptahydrate, Sodium Chloride.
Biocide/Preservative: 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, Sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, Formaldehyde, Sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one etc.,
Suspending aid: Aluminum Magnesium Silicate.
Suspending and Anticaking agent: Silicone dioxide etc.,
Spreader: Organo modified Trisiloxane etc.,
Sticker and Penetrant: Poly glycerol ester etc.,
Deposition aid: Polyether etc.
Suspensind agent: Aluminum Magnesium Silicate, Bentonite clay, Silica, Attapulgite clay,
Thickners: Xanthan gum, PVK, carboxymethylcelluloses, or polyvinyl alcohols.

In another embodiment of the present invention there is provided a method of preparing a stable, non phytotoxic formulation of the present invention.

The method of application of the fungicidal composition of the present invention includes foliar spray, Seed treatment or treatment to planting materials, soil application.

The lists of crops which can be protected by the fungicidal composition of the present invention are GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) and Non GMO varieties of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) , Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Linseed (Linum usitatissimum), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Psyllium (Plantago ovate), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), Safed musli (Chlorophytum tuberosum), Drum stick (Moringa oleifera), Coconut (Coco nucifera), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis), Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii), Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus).

The fungicidal composition of the present invention can be used to controlled the fungal diseases such as control seed and soil borne fungal and bacterial diseases, foliar fungal and bacterial diseases in many agricultural, horticultural and forestry crops. It controlled following fungal species Albugo spp. (white rust) on ornamentals, vegetables (e. g. A. candida) and sunflowers (e. g. A. tragopogonis); Alternaria spp. on vegetables, fruit, cereals, oilseed and pulses, Alternaria solani and Alternaria alternate on tomato, potato, chillies; Ascochyta species in pulse crops; Aspergillus species (A. niger, A. flavus, A. funigatus) on Groundnut, Soybean, Oilseeds and Pulses, Maize, Wheat and other cereals; Bipolaris and Drechslera species on cereals, maize, rice and turf; Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew) on cereals; Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) in vegetables, ornamentals, strawberries, tomatoes, sunflower and grapes; Ceratocystis spp. (rot or wilt) on fruit trees, Cercospora spp. (Cercospora leaf spots) on corn, rice, sugar beets (e. g. C. beticola), sugar cane, vegetables, coffee, soybeans (e. g. C. sojina or C. kikuchii) and rice; Cercospora arachidicola in groundnuts; Cladosporium spp. on tomatoes (e. g. C. fulvum: leaf mold) and cereals, e. g. C. herbarum (black ear) on wheat; Claviceps purpurea (ergot) on cereals; Cochliobolus sativus in cereals; Colletotrichum species in cotton, vegetables, pulse crops, oilseeds, Colletotrichum capsici on chillies; Corticium spp. on Rice, Corynespora spp. on soybeans and ornamentals, Didymella species on various plants; Erysiphe cichoracearum and Sphaerotheca fuliginea on cucurbits, Erysiphe graminis in cereals; Fusarium graminearum in cereals and maize; Fusarium culmorum in cereals; Fusarium solani in cotton and vegetables; Fusarium spp. in cotton, soybean and potatoes; Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium proliferatum in maize; Fusarium and Mycosphaerella species on cereals, bananas, peanuts and soybean; Gaumannomyces graminis in cereals and lawns; Giberella fujikuroi in rice; Helminthosporium maydis in maize; Helminthosporium oryzae in rice; Helminthosporium solani on potatoes; Hemileia vastatrix on coffee; Macrophomina phaseolina on Soybean, Groundnut, Pulses and Oilseeds; Microdochium nivale in wheat and rye; Monilinia fructicola on stone fruits; Monilinia fructigena on fruits; Monilinia laxa on stone fruits; Mycosphaerella pinoides in peas; Penicillium digitatum on citrus; Penicillium expansum on apples; and Penicillium italicum on citrus; Peronospora parasitica on brassicas, Phakopsara pachyrhizi and Phakopsara meibomiae on soybeans and pulses; Phragmidium mucronatum in roses; Phoma spp. in sugarbeet; Phoma exigua in potatoes; Phytophthora aphanidermatum in Tobacco, Chillies, Tomato, Phytophthora sojae in Soybean and Pulses; Pseudoperonospora cubensis in cucurbits, Plasmopara halstedii in sunflowers; Pyrenophora graminea in barley; Pyricularia oryzae in rice; Plasmopara viticola on grapevines; Podosphaera leucotricha on apples; Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides on wheat and barley, Pseudoperonospora species on hops and cucumbers; Puccinia species on cereals, Pyricularia oryzae on rice; Pythium spp. in cereals, cotton, maize and soybean; Pythium spp. (damping-off) on turf, rice, corn, wheat, cotton, rape, sunflowers, soybeans, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants (e. g. P. ultimum or P. aphani- dermatum); Ramularia spp., e. g. R. collo-cygni (Ramularia leaf spots, Physiological leaf spots) on barley and R. beticola on sugar beets; Rhizoctonia spp. on cotton, rice, potatoes, turf, corn, rape, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants, e. g. Rhizoctonia solani (root and stem rot) on cotton, chilly, tomatoes, soybeans, R. solani (sheath blight) on rice or R. cerealis (Rhizoctonia spring blight) on wheat or barley; Sclerotinia spp. (stem rot or white mold) on vegetables and field crops, such as rape, sunflowers (e. g. S. sclerotiorum); Sclerotium rolfsii on soybeans, groundnut, potato, tomato, chillies; Septoria spp. on various plants, e.g. S. glycines (brown spot) on soybeans, S. tritici (Septoria blotch) on wheat and S. (syn. Stagonospora) nodorum (Stagonospora blotch) on cereals, Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum on wheat, Setospaeria spp. (leaf blight) on corn (e.g. S. turcicum, syn. Helminthosporium turcicum) and turf, Sphacelotheca spp. (smut) on corn, (e.g. S. reiliana: head smut), sorghum und sugar cane, Sphaerotheca fuliginea (powdery mildew) on cucurbits, Spongospora subterranea (powdery scab) on potatoes and thereby transmitted viral diseases, Stagonospora spp. on cereals, e.g. S. nodorum (Stagonospora blotch, teleomorph: Leptosphaeria[syn. Phaeosphaeria] nodorum) on wheat, Synchytrium endobioticum on potatoes (potato wart disease), Sphacelotheca reilliana in maize; Tilletia species in cereals; Typhula incarnata in barley; Thielaviopsis species on various plants; Uncinula necator, Guignardia bidwellii and Phomopsis viticola in vines; Urocystis occulta in rye; Ustilago species on cereals, maize and sugar cane ; Venturia species (scab) on apples and pears; Verticillium spp. (wilt) on various plants, such as fruits and ornamentals, vines, soft fruits, vegetables and field crops, e. g. V. dahliae on straw- berries, rape, potatoes and tomatoes.

The fungicidal composition of the present invention is uses to improve the plant health.

The term “health of a plant” or “plant health” is defined as a condition of the plant and/or its products. As a result of the improved health, yield, plant vigor, quality and tolerance to abiotic or biotic stress are increased. Noteworthy, the health of a plant when applying the fungicidal composition of the present invention is increased independently of the fungicidal properties of the active ingredients used because the increase in health is not based upon the reduced pest pressure but instead on complex physiological and metabolic reactions which result for example in an activation of the plant's own natural defense system. As a result, the health of a plant is increased even in the absence of pest pressure. Accordingly, in an especially preferred embodiment of the present invention, the health of a plant is increased both in the presence and absence of biotic or abiotic stress factors. The above identified indicators for the health condition of a plant may be interdependent or they may result from each other. An increase in plant vigor may for example result in an increased yield and/or tolerance to abiotic or biotic stress. One indicator for the condition of the plant is the yield. “Yield” is to be understood as any plant product of economic value that is produced by the plant such as grains, fruits in the proper sense, vegetables, nuts, grains, seeds, wood (e.g. in the case of silviculture plants) or even flowers (e.g. in the case of gardening plants, ornamentals). The plant products may in addition be further utilized and/or processed after harvesting.

The fungicidal composition of the present invention is used to increase plant logitivity (plant life).

In an especially preferred embodiment of the present invention, the yield of the treated plant is increased.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the yield of the plants treated according to the fungicidal composition of the present invention is increased synergistically.

According to the present invention, “increased yield” of a plant, in particular of an agricultural, silvicultural and/or horticultural plant means that the yield of a product of the respective plant is increased by a measurable amount over the yield of the same product of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the fungicidal composition of the present invention.

Increased yield can be characterized, among others, by the following improved properties of the plant: increased plant, weight, increased plant height, increased biomass such as higher overall fresh weight (FW), increased number of flowers per plant, higher grain yield, more tillers or side shoots (branches), larger leaves, increased shoot growth, increased protein content, increased oil content, increased starch content, increased pigment content, increased leaf are index.

According to the present invention, the yield is increased by at least 4 %, preferable by 5 to 10%, more preferable by 10 to 20%, or even 20 to 30% compared to the untreated control plants or plants treated with pesticides in a way different from the method of the present invention. In general, the yield increase may even be higher.

A further indicator for the condition of the plant is the plant vigor. The plant vigor becomes manifest in several aspects such as the general visual appearance. In another especially preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant vigor of the treated plant is increased. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plant vigor of the plants treated with fungicidal composition of the present invention is increased synergistically. Improved plant vigor can be characterized, among others, by the following improved properties of the plant: improved vitality of the plant, improved plant growth, improved plant development, improved visual appearance, improved plant stand (less plant verse/lodging), improved emergence, enhanced root growth and/or more developed root system, enhanced nodulation, in particular rhizobial nodulation, bigger leaf blade, bigger size, increased plant weight, increased plant height, increased tiller number, increased number of side shoots, increased number of flowers per plant, increased shoot growth, increased root growth (extensive root system), increased yield when grown on poor soils or unfavorable climate, enhanced photosynthetic activity (e.g. based on increased stomatal conductance and/or increased CO2 assimilation rate), increased stomatal conductance, increased CO2 assimilation rate, enhanced pigment content (e.g. chlorophyll content), earlier flowering, earlier fruiting, earlier and improved germination, earlier grain maturity, improved self-defence mechanisms, improved stress tolerance and resistance of the plants against biotic and abiotic stress factors such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, heat stress, cold stress, drought stress, UV stress and/or salt stress, less non-productive tillers, less dead basal leaves, less input needed (such as fertilizers or water), greener leaves, complete maturation under shortened vegetation periods, less fertilizers needed, less seeds needed, easier harvesting, faster and more uniform ripening, longer shelf-life, longer panicles, delay of senescence, stronger and/or more productive tillers, better extractability of ingredients, improved quality of seeds (for being seeded in the following seasons for seed production), better nitrogen uptake, improved reproduction, reduced production of ethylene and/or the inhibition of its reception by the plant.

The improvement of the plant vigor according to the present invention particularly means that the improvement of any one or several or all of the above mentioned plant characteristics are improved independently of the pesticidal action of the mixture or active ingredients (components).

Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the “quality” of a plant and/or its products.

In an especially preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quality of the treated plant is increased.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the quality of the plants treated with the fungicidal composition of the present invention, is increased synergistically.

According to the present invention, enhanced quality means that certain plant characteristics such as the content or composition of certain ingredients are increased or improved by a measurable or noticeable amount over the same factor of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the fungicidal composition of the present invention. Enhanced quality can be characterized, among others, by following improved properties of the plant or its product: increased nutrient content, increased protein content, increased content of fatty acids, increased metabolite content, increased carotenoid content, increased sugar content, increased amount of essential amino acids, improved nutrient composition, improved protein composition, improved composition of fatty acids, improved metabolite composition, improved carotenoid composition, improved sugar composition, improved amino acids composition, improved or optimal fruit color, improved leaf color, higher storage capacity, higher processability of the harvested products.

Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the plant’s tolerance or resistance to biotic and/or abiotic stress factors. Biotic and abiotic stress, especially over longer terms, can have harmful effects on plants. Biotic stress is caused by living organisms while abiotic stress is caused for example by environmental extremes. According to the present invention, “enhanced tolerance or resistance to biotic and/or abiotic stress factors” means (1.) that certain negative factors caused by biotic and/or abiotic stress are diminished in a measurable or noticeable amount as compared to plants exposed to the same conditions, but without being treated with fungicidal composition of the present invention and (2.) that the negative effects are not diminished by a direct action of the fungicidal composition of the present invention on the stress factors, e.g. by its fungicidal or fungicidal action which directly destroys the microorganisms or pests, but rather by a stimulation of the plants' own defensive reactions against said stress factors.

Manufacturing Process:
SC (Suspension Concentrate):

Step 1: Gum Solution should be made 12-18 hour prior to use. Take required quantity of water, biocide, and defoamer and homogenise, then slowly add gum powder to it and stir till complete dissolution.
Step 2: Charge required quantity of DM water need to be taken in designated vessel for Suspension concentrate production.
Step 3: Add required quantity of Wetting agent,antifreeze,dispersing agent & suspending agents and homogenise the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear homogeniser.
Step 4: Then add technical and other remaining adjuvants excluding ‘thickener’ are added to it and homogenised to get uniform slurry ready for grinding.
Step 5: Before grinding half the quantity of antifoam was added and then material was subjected to grinding in Dyno mill till desired particle size is achieved.
Step 6: Half quantity of the antifoam was added after grinding process completes and before sampling for in process analysis.
Step 7: Finally add gum solution to this formulation and send to QC for quality check

EXAMPLES
The present invention will now be explained in detail by reference to the following formulation examples and a test example, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Formulation recipe
1. Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of Thifluzamide 15%+ Difenoconazole 20%+Fulvic Acid 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Thifluzamide a.i. 15.00
Difenoconazole a.i. 20.00
Fulvic acid 2.50
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agent 1 4.50
Dispersing agent 2 1.00
Suspending agent 0.50
Antifoaming agent 0.20
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Diluent Water q.s.
Total 100.00

Storage stability of suspension concentrate (SC) of Thifluzamide 15%+ Difenoconazole 20%+Fulvic Acid 2.5%
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial Heat stability study at 54±2 0C Cold storage stability at 0±2 0C
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.20 15.3
Difenoconazole content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.2 20.25
Fulvic acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.5 2.51
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.14 95.15 96.03
Difenoconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 97.10 96.80
Fulvic acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 97.15 97.12 96.80
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 6.0 to 8.5 7.5 7.6 7.6
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.2 97.5
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 510 518 520
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.4,8.8 2.5,8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 3 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.30 15.20
Difenoconazole content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.25 20.2
Fulvic acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.51 2.5
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
Difenoconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 96.10 96.20
Fulvic acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 97.13 96.14 96.20
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 6.0 to 8.5 7.5 7.6 7.6
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.4 97.3
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 515 520 523
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 2

Formulation recipe
2. Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of Thifluzamide 15%+ Difenoconazole20%+Amino Acid 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Thifluzamide a.i. 15.00
Difenoconazole a.i. 20.00
Amino acid 2.50
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agent 1 4.50
Dispersing agent 2 1.00
Suspending agent 0.50
Antifoaming agent 0.20
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Diluent Water q.s.
Total 100.00

Storage stability of suspension concentrate of Thifluzamide 15%+ Difenoconazole 20%+Amino Acid 2.5%
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial Heat stability study at 54±2 0C Cold storage stability at 0±2 0C
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.30 15.2
Difenoconazole content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.2 20.19 20.25
Amino acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.5 2.51
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.14 95.15 96.03
Difenoconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 97.10 96.80
Amino acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 96.14 95.12 96.05
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 6.0 to 8.5 7.5 7.6 7.6
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.2 96.5
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 525 513 520
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.4,8.8 2.5,8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.25 15.30 15.20
Difenoconazole content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.23 20.2
Amino acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.51 2.5
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
Difenoconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 96.10 96.20
Amino acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 6.0 to 8.5 7.5 7.6 7.6
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.4 97.3
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 525 518 523
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 1

Formulation recipe
3. Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of Thifluzamide 15%+ Azoxystrobin 20%+Fulvic Acid 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Thifluzamide a.i. 15.00
Azoxystrobin a.i. 20.00
Fulvic acid 2.50
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agent 1 4.50
Dispersing agent 2 1.00
Suspending agent 0.50
Antifoaming agent 0.20
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Diluent Water q.s.
Total 100.00

Storage stability of suspension concentrate (SC) of Thifluzamide 15%+ Azoxystrobin 20%+Fulvic Acid 2.5%
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial Heat stability study at 54±2 0C Cold storage stability at 0±2 0C
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.20 15.3
Azoxystrobin content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.2 20.25
Fulvic acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.5 2.51
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.14 95.15 96.03
Azoxystrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 97.10 96.80
Fulvic acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 97.15 97.12 96.80
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.0 6.5 6.55 6.5
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.2 97.5
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 510 518 520
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.4,8.8 2.5,8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 3 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.30 15.20
Azoxystrobin content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.25 20.2
Fulvic acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.51 2.5
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
Azoxystrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 96.10 96.20
Fulvic acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 97.13 96.14 96.20
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.5
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.4 97.3
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 515 520 523
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 2

Formulation recipe
4. Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of Thifluzamide 15%+ Azoxystrobin 20%+Amino Acid 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Thifluzamide a.i. 15.00
Azoxystrobin a.i. 20.00
Amino acid 2.50
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agent 1 4.50
Dispersing agent 2 1.00
Suspending agent 0.50
Antifoaming agent 0.20
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Diluent Water q.s.
Total 100.00

Storage stability of suspension concentrate of Thifluzamide 15%+ Azoxystrobin 20%+Amino Acid 2.5%
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial Heat stability study at 54±2 0C Cold storage stability at 0±2 0C
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.30 15.2
Azoxystrobin content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.2 20.19 20.25
Amino acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.5 2.51
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.14 95.15 96.03
Azoxystrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 97.10 96.80
Amino acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 96.14 95.12 96.05
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.0 6.5 6.52 6.5
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.2 96.5
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 525 513 520
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.4,8.8 2.5,8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.25 15.30 15.20
Azoxystrobin content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.23 20.2
Amino acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.51 2.5
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
Azoxystrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 96.10 96.20
Amino acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.5
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.4 97.3
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 525 518 523
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 1
Formulation recipe
5. Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of Thifluzamide 15%+ Trifloxystrobin 20%+Fulvic Acid 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Thifluzamide a.i. 15.00
Trifloxystrobin a.i. 20.00
Fulvic acid 2.50
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agent 1 4.50
Dispersing agent 2 1.00
Suspending agent 0.50
Antifoaming agent 0.20
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Diluent Water q.s.
Total 100.00

Storage stability of suspension concentrate (SC) of Thifluzamide 15%+ Trifloxystrobin 20%+Fulvic Acid 2.5%
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial Heat stability study at 54±2 0C Cold storage stability at 0±2 0C
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.20 15.3
Trifloxystrobin content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.2 20.25
Fulvic acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.5 2.51
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.14 95.15 96.03
Trifloxystrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 97.10 96.80
Fulvic acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 97.15 97.12 96.80
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.5 6.5 6.55 6.5
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.2 97.5
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 510 518 520
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.4,8.8 2.5,8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 3 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.30 15.20
Trifloxystrobin content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.25 20.2
Fulvic acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.51 2.5
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
Trifloxystrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 96.10 96.20
Fulvic acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 97.13 96.14 96.20
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.5 6.5 6.5 6.5
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.4 97.3
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 515 520 523
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 2

Formulation recipe
6. Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of Thifluzamide 15%+ Trifloxystrobin20%+Amino Acid 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Thifluzamide a.i. 15.00
Trifloxystrobin a.i. 20.00
Amino acid 2.50
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agent 1 4.50
Dispersing agent 2 1.00
Suspending agent 0.50
Antifoaming agent 0.20
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Diluent Water q.s.
Total 100.00

Storage stability of suspension concentrate of Thifluzamide 15%+ Trifloxystrobin 20%+Amino Acid 2.5%
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial Heat stability study at 54±2 0C Cold storage stability at 0±2 0C
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.30 15.2
Trifloxystrobin content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.2 20.19 20.25
Amino acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.5 2.51
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.14 95.15 96.03
Trifloxystrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 97.10 96.80
Amino acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 96.14 95.12 96.05
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.5 6.5 6.52 6.5
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.2 96.5
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 525 513 520
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.4,8.8 2.5,8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.25 15.30 15.20
Trifloxystrobin content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.23 20.2
Amino acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.51 2.5
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
Trifloxystrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 96.10 96.20
Amino acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.5 6.5 6.5 6.5
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.4 97.3
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 525 518 523
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 1

Formulation recipe
7. Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of Thifluzamide 15%+ Prothioconazole 20%+Fulvic Acid 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Thifluzamide a.i. 15.00
Prothioconazole a.i. 20.00
Fulvic acid 2.50
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agent 1 4.50
Dispersing agent 2 1.00
Suspending agent 0.50
Antifoaming agent 0.20
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Diluent Water q.s.
Total 100.00

Storage stability of suspension concentrate (SC) of Thifluzamide 15%+ Prothioconazole 20%+Fulvic Acid 2.5%
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial Heat stability study at 54±2 0C Cold storage stability at 0±2 0C
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.20 15.3
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.2 20.25
Fulvic acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.5 2.51
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.14 95.15 96.03
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 97.10 96.80
Fulvic acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 97.15 97.12 96.80
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 8.0 7.2 7.3 7.2
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.2 97.5
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 510 518 520
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.4,8.8 2.5,8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 3 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.30 15.20
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.25 20.2
Fulvic acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.51 2.5
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 96.10 96.20
Fulvic acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 97.13 96.14 96.20
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 8.0 7.2 7.3 7.2
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.4 97.3
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 515 520 523
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 2

Formulation recipe
8. Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of Thifluzamide 15%+ Prothioconazole20%+Amino Acid 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Thifluzamide a.i. 15.00
Prothioconazole a.i. 20.00
Amino acid 2.50
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agent 1 4.50
Dispersing agent 2 1.00
Suspending agent 0.50
Antifoaming agent 0.20
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Diluent Water q.s.
Total 100.00

Storage stability of suspension concentrate of Thifluzamide 15%+ Prothioconazole 20%+Amino Acid 2.5%
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial Heat stability study at 54±2 0C Cold storage stability at 0±2 0C
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.3 15.30 15.2
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.2 20.19 20.25
Amino acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.5 2.51
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.14 95.15 96.03
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 97.10 96.80
Amino acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 96.14 95.12 96.05
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 8.0 7.2 7.3 7.2
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.2 96.5
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 525 513 520
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.4,8.8 2.5,8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Thifluzamide content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.25 15.30 15.20
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 19.0 to 21.0 20.25 20.23 20.2
Amino acid content percent by mass 2.375 to 2.750 2.51 2.51 2.5
Thifluzamide suspensibility percent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.16 96.10 96.20
Amino acid suspesnibility precent min. 80 96.17 95.13 95.32
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 8.0 7.2 7.3 7.2
Pourability 95% min. 97.4 97.4 97.3
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 525 518 523
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.6 2.2,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 1

Amino acid use in the above experiments are selected as “mixture of amino acids, (atleast two) selected from Glycine, Proline, Hydroxyproline, Glutamic acid, Alanine, Arginine, or Phenylalanine.

Biological examples
A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination or mixture of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticidal activity than the sum of the pesticidal activities of the individual components.
In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined by Colby S.R. in an article entitled “Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations” published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p.20-22, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The action expected for a given combination of two active components can be calculated as follows:

The % insect control data used to calculate the synergism, as per the below formula.
The synergistic pesticide action of the inventive mixtures calculated as follows:

Field experiments of inventive synergistic combination / mixtures of thifluzamide+difenoconazolfulvic acid, thifluzamide+prothioconazole+fulvic acid and thifluzamide+azoxystrobin+fulvic acid were carried out to study the synergism in rice and chilli crop. A series of pot experiments were conducted on rice sheath blight and chilli fruit rot and impact on yield.

Experiment 1
Crops & Varieties: Chilli, Subh Labh
Experimental design: Randomized block design (R.B.D)
Replications: Three
No. of Treatments: As per treatment details
Plot size: 30 sq. mt.
Application Time: Two continuous spray were given at 15 days interval. 1st spray 70 DATP and 2nd spray at 85 DATP (days after transplanting)
Spray Volume: 500 liter water per hectare
Application Equipment: Manually operated knapsack sprayer fitted with flat fat nozzle
Observations: Fruit rot disease control and fruit yield. The % fruit rot disease control data used in Colby’s formula to calculate the synergism between three active ingredients.

Table 1.Treatment detail
Sample Code Treatment Compositions
TDF-1802 Thifluzamide 15%+Difenoconazole 20%+Fulvic acid 2.5% SC,75+100+12.5 gai/h
TPF-1805 Thifluzamide 15%+Prothioconazole 20%+Fulvic acid 2.5% SC,75+100+12.5 gai/h
TAF-1901 Thifluzamide 15%+Azoxystrobin 20%+Fulvic acid 2.5% SC,75+100+12.5 gai/h
Prior Art 1 Thifluzamide 15%+Difenoconazole 20% SC,75+100 gai/h
Prior Art 2 Thifluzamide 15%+Prothioconazole 20% SC,75+100 gai/h
Prior Art 3 Thifluzamide 15%+Azoxystrobin 20% SC,75+100 gai/h
Prior Art 4 Thifluzamide 15%+Fulvic acid 2.5% SC, 75+12.5 gai/h
Prior Art 5 Difenoconazole 20%+Fulvic acid 2.5% SC,100+12.5 gai/h
Prior Art 6 Prothioconazole 20%+Fulvic acid 2.5% SC,100+12.5 gai/h
Prior Art 7 Azoxystrobin 20%+Fulvic acid 2.5% SC,100+12.5 gai/h
Prior Art 8 Thifluzamide 24% SC, 75 gai/h
Prior Art 9 Difenoconazole 25% EC, 100 gai/h
Prior Art 10 Prothioconazole 48% SC,100 gai/h
Prior Art 11 Azoxystrobin 23% SC,100 gai/h
Prior Art 12 Fulvic acid 80% WP, 12.5 gai/h
UTC Untreated Check (UTC)

Table 2. Effect of synergism on chilli fruit yield
Treatment details Number of Healthy fruits per plant
Obs.Value Cal.Value Colby’s Ratio
TDF-1802 118.2 88.07 1.34
TPF-1805 115.6 89.41 1.29
TAF-1901 120.4 90.10 1.34
Prior Art 1 78.8 81.13 0.97
Prior Art 2 81.6 83.24 0.98
Prior Art 3 82.4 84.34 0.98
Prior Art 4 68.4 71.05 0.96
Prior Art 5 70.2 73.96 0.95
Prior Art 6 74.8 76.87 0.97
Prior Art 7 76.2 78.39 0.97
Prior Art 8 54.2
Prior Art 9 58.8
Prior Art 10 63.4
Prior Art 11 65.8
Prior Art 12 36.8
UTC 28.6

All the tested, i.e. thifluzamide+difenoconazol+fulvic acid (TDF-1802), thifluzamide+prothioconazole+fulvic acid (TPF-1805) and thifluzamide+azoxystrobin+fulvic acid (TAF-1901) shows synergistic activity (colby’s ratio > 1) and yielded higher chilli fruit yield compared to to all the prior arts treatment.

Table 3. Efficacy of synergistic combinations against chilli fruit rot disease
Treatment details Chilli disease incidence and severity
Die back disease, Colletotrichum capsici Fruit rot disease, Phytophthora capsici
Severity (%) Incidence (%) Severity (%) Incidence (%)
TDF-1802 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TPF-1805 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
TAF-1901 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Prior Art 1 2.40 8.42 1.06 3.64
Prior Art 2 2.16 7.92 0.94 2.86
Prior Art 3 1.86 6.82 0.62 2.16
Prior Art 4 9.28 20.36 7.28 15.28
Prior Art 5 7.28 15.38 4.38 10.28
Prior Art 6 5.86 12.49 2.68 7.38
Prior Art 7 4.28 9.82 1.83 4.10
Prior Art 8 10.82 28.63 9.72 23.52
Prior Art 9 8.42 19.38 5.86 15.29
Prior Art 10 6.28 14.82 3.28 9.28
Prior Art 11 5.82 11.28 2.18 6.29
Prior Art 12 20.84 40.28 17.16 32.64
UTC 30.38 74.26 21.28 56.82

All the tested combinations, i.e. thifluzamide+difenoconazol+fulvic acid (TDF-1802), thifluzamide+prothioconazole+fulvic acid (TPF-1805) and thifluzamide+azoxystrobin+fulvic acid (TAF-1901) shows excellent efficacy against chilli fruit rot disease (severity and incidence) compared to all the prior arts treatment. Due to synergistic efficacy of combinations against fruit rot diseases, higher fruit yield were obtained. The synergistic activities were also noticed through visual observations, means the plant vigor, number of branched, number of fruits, number of flowers, fruit color, shape and size were excellent (means better, higher or more) in innovative synergistic combinations compared to all prior art treatments.

Experiment 2
Crops & Varieties: Rice/ Paddy, MTU 7029
Experimental design: Randomized block design (R.B.D)
Replications: Three
No. of Treatments: As per treatment details
Plot size: 30 sq. mt.
Application Time: Two continuous spray were given at 15 days interval. 1st spray 45 DATP and 2nd spray at 60 DATP (days after transplanting)
Spray Volume: 450 liter water per hectare
Application Equipment: Manually operated knapsack sprayer fitted with flat fat nozzle
Observations: Sheath blight disease control and grain yield. The Colby’s ratio calculated by using % sheath blight control and grain yield data to judge the synergism.

Table 4. Sheath blight disease control and grain yield in rice crop
Treatment details Sheath blight disease control (%) Grain Yield (quintal/ha.)
Obs.Value Cal.Value Colby’s Ratio
TDF-1802 98.6 87.34 1.13 60.6
TPF-1805 99.2 88.51 1.12 60.2
TAF-1901 99.4 89.63 1.11 61.4
Prior Art 1 83.6 85.48 0.98 51.6
Prior Art 2 82.4 86.83 0.95 51.2
Prior Art 3 85.2 88.11 0.97 52.8
Prior Art 4 66.2 70.70 0.94 42.6
Prior Art 5 60.2 62.33 0.97 42.4
Prior Art 6 63.8 65.82 0.97 43.6
Prior Art 7 66.8 69.13 0.97 44.8
Prior Art 8 66.4 35.6
Prior Art 9 56.8 34.8
Prior Art 10 60.8 35.2
Prior Art 11 64.6 36.8
Prior Art 12 12.8 26.8
UTC 0 22.4

All the tested combinations, i.e. thifluzamide+difenoconazol+fulvic acid (TDF-1802), thifluzamide+prothioconazole+fulvic acid (TPF-1805) and thifluzamide+azoxystrobin+fulvic acid (TAF-1901) shows excellent efficacy against sheath blight disease (colby’s ratio >1) and also provided highest grain yield compared to all the prior arts treatment.
,CLAIMS:
1. A synergistic insecticidal composition comprising:
I) Thifluzamide in the range from 0.1 to 30% by weight of the composition;
II) Fungicide in the range from 0.1 to 50% by weight of the composition wherein the said fungicide is selected from group consisting of Copper Oxychloride, Validamycin, Azoxystrobin, Trifloxystrobin, Picoxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Prothioconazole, Epoxycoanzole, Cyproconazole, Tebuconazole, Difenoconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazile, Tricyclazole; and
III) Biostimulants in the range from 0.1 to 20% by weight of the composition wherein biostimulants are selected from Fulvic acid or Amino acid.

2. The synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Amino acid is selected from group consisting of Glycine, Proline, Hydroxyproline, Glutamic acid, Alanine, Arginine, or Phenylalanine.

3. The synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises inactive excipients selected from the group consisting of wetting agent, dispersing agent, emulsifier, spreader, antifoaming agent, rheology modifier, thickener, anti freezing agent, biocide, preservative, suspending aid, suspending agents, anti-caking agent, sticker, penetrant, deposition aid, or suspensind agent.

4. The synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claims 1 wherein the formulation is selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Flowable suspension/concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granule/ soil applied (GR), Controlled (Slow or Fast) release granules (CR)Solution for seed treatment (LS), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (= flowable concentrate) (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water soluble powder (SP), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry treatment (WS), A mixed formulation of CS en SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS en SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS en EW (ZW).

5. The synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claims 4 wherein the formulation is Suspension Concentrate (SC).

6. A process for the preparation of synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 5 comprising the steps of:
i. Preparing Gum solution;
ii. Wetting agent, antifreeze agent, dispersing agent and suspending agent are homogenised to obtain a mixture;
iii. Adding technical and adjuvants in th mixture obtained in step (ii) followed by homogenizing to obtain uniform slurry;
iv. Adding half part of antifoam to the slurry obtained in step (iii);
v. Grinding the material obtained in step (iv);
vi. Adding remaining half part of antifoam in the formulation obtained in step (v);
vii. Adding Gum solution to the formulation obtained in step (vi) to obtain the Suspension Concentrate.