DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention relates to synergistic herbicidal composition comprising A) SMetolachlor
B) at least one herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone
C) at least one more herbicide selected from Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione,
Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron
Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof with
one or more inactive excipients. The present invention also relates to process for
preparing the said composition and its use as herbicide.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A herbicide is a pesticide used to kill unwanted plants. Selective herbicides kill certain
targets while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed. Some of these act by
interfering with the growth of the weed and are often based on plant hormones.
Herbicides used to clear waste ground are nonselective and kill all plant material with
which they come into contact. Herbicides are widely used in agriculture and in
landscape turf management. They are applied in total vegetation control (TVC)
programs for maintenance of highways and railroads. Smaller quantities are used in
forestry, pasture systems, and management of areas set aside as wildlife habitat. The
pathway of attack can arise from improper application resulting in direct contact with
field workers, inhalation of aerial sprays, food consumption and from contact with
residual soil contamination. Some herbicides decompose rapidly in soils and other
types have more persistent characteristics with longer environmental half-lives.
Metolachlor was first disclosed in US3937730A. It is a derivative of aniline and is a
member of the chloroacetanilide family of herbicides. Its acts by inhibition of
elongases and of the geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) cyclase’s, which are part
of the gibberellin pathway. It is used for grass and broadleaf weed control in corn,
soybean, peanuts, sorghum, and cotton. It is also used in combination with other
herbicides. As originally formulated metolachlor was applied as a racemate, a 1:1
mixture of the (S)- and (R)-stereoisomers. The (R)-enantiomer is inactive, and modern
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production methods afford only (S)-metolachlor, thus current application rates are far
lower than original formulations. It is highly effective toward grasses. Chemical
structure of Metolachlor is as provided below;
S-metolachlor {2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N -[(1S)-2-methoxy-1-
methyethyl] acetamide} is a nonionic compound belonging to the chloroacetamide
herbicides resulting from a proprietary breakthrough in the catalyst system of the
manufacturing process for metolachlor, which is comprised of 50% R- and 50% Sisomers.
S-metolachlor is physically and chemically equivalent to metolachlor, but it
was enriched with the S-isomer that increases its herbicidal activity in susceptible
plants. This enrichment resulted in a substantial reduction of risks to applicators,
consumers and the environment since application rates in agricultural crops were
reduced by 35%.
Pendimethalin is a selective herbicide used to control most annual grasses and certain
broadleaf weeds in field corn, potatoes, rice, cotton, soybeans, tobacco, peanuts and
sunflowers. It is used both pre-emergence, that is before weed seeds have sprouted,
and early post-emergence. Incorporated into the soil by cultivation or irrigation is
recommended within 7 days following application. Pendimethalin is available as
emulsifiable concentrate, wettable powder or dispersible granule formulations.
Pyroxasulfone is a new herbicide that has been registered for use on major crops
including corn and soy. People across the industry are excited for pyroxasulfone
because this active ingredient in several new pesticide mixtures could have a big
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impact on the commercial agricultural community. This herbicide is a different
chemistry class – it is an isoxazoline. This means that pyroxasulfone brings more
activity to a broader spectrum of small-seeded plants than other, older chemicals.
Although new, pyroxasulfone has been compared to acetamide herbicides such as
metolachlor and dimethenamid in the way it works.
Pyroxasulfone has annual grass activity similar to metolachlor (Dual) and acetochlor
(Harness) but also provides good control of several annual broadleaves. A major
difference is that pyroxasulfone has a higher specific activity which allows active
ingredient rates that are about 8 times lower than Dual or Harness with comparable
weed control. Pyroxasulfone is a new herbicide that has been registered for use on
major crops including corn and soy. People across the industry are excited for
pyroxasulfone because this active ingredient in several new pesticide mixtures could
have a big impact on the commercial agricultural community. It may be applied as a
preplant incorporated, pre-plant surface, pre-emergence, fall application (before
ground freeze) or early post-emergence, and can only be applied by ground
application.
Mesotrione is a relatively new herbicide that inhibits pigment development by
blocking production of the HPPD enzyme in susceptible plants. It is also the only
herbicide with this mode of action that is currently registered for use in Kentucky
bluegrass (Poapratensis) grown for seed. The product label lists control of numerous
broadleaf weeds. Anecdotal evidence suggests that mesotrione has some activity on
grassy weeds. If this were the case mesotrione would be extremely useful in Kentucky
bluegrass seed production.
Tembotrione is a novel HPPD maize herbicide effective against a wide range of
broadleaf and grass weeds. Some characteristics of this compound are described in
this paper linking weed and crop responses following tembotrione applications to
environmental parameters or use conditions. The activity of HPPD herbicides is very
much dependent on the availability of light. Increasing illumination intensities
following application augmented the activity levels of several comparable HPPD
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compounds in a growth chamber experiment. Tembotrione was shown to be more
efficacious at low and high illumination intensities compared to standard herbicides
applied at the same rate. At the high intensity, tembotrione retained its high efficacy
from two up to four weeks after application showing a rapid and strong herbicidal
activity.
The activity following post-emergent treatments of tembotrione against broadleaf
weeds was influenced by soil characteristics such as soil texture and organic matter
content in a glasshouse test. The level of weed suppression clearly declined stronger
on heavier soils than on lighter soils at a rather low application rate of 12.5 g a.i./ha
and lower. This is a clear indication of residual efficacy of tembotrione.
Sulcotrione is primarily a systemic, post-emergence herbicide. However, it also has
some residual soil activity, remaining in the top layer of the soil to be activated by
rainfall. Grass weeds are best controlled with early post-emergence applications. Plant
death occurs within ten days of treatment. The product has shown no cross-resistance
to atrazine-resistant species. Sulcotrione may be used for pre-emergence applications
in flax. No visible injury or negative effects on yield have been noted.
Flumioxazin is a light-dependent peroxidizing herbicide (LDPH) which acts by
blocking heme and chlorophyll biosynthesis resulting in an endogenous accumulation
of photo-toxic porphyrins. This class of herbicides are known to have a photo-toxic
mode of action in plants and possibly in fish. Standard toxicity testing may not include
light with the same wavelength or intensity as natural sunlight. LDPHs may be more
toxic when exposed to natural sunlight, such as exposure conditions in the field.
Atrazine is a selective triazine herbicide used to control broadleaf and grassy weeds
in corn, sorghum, sugarcane, pineapple, Christmas trees and other crops, and in conifer
reforestation plantings. It is also used as a non-selective herbicide on non-cropped
industrial lands and on fallow lands. It is available as dry flowable, flowable liquid,
liquid, water dispersible granular, and wettable powder formulations. Atrazine is
slightly to moderately toxic to humans and other animals. It can be absorbed into the
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bloodstream through oral, dermal and inhalation exposure. Symptoms of poisoning
include abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting, eye irritation, irritation of mucous
membranes, and possible skin reactions. At very high doses, rats showed excitation
followed by depression, slowed breathing, incoordination, muscle spasms, and
hypothermia.
Metribuzin is a selective herbicide of the chemical class the triazines. Metribuzin can
be applied as a foliar spray or soil treatment in order to control pre-emergence and
post-emergence broadleaf weeds and annual grasses. Metribuzin also has a residual
effect on the soil. Metribuzin is primarily absorbed by the roots, but also by the leaves
to a lesser extent. It is translocated acropetally in the xylem to the leaves where it has
its effect. The mode of action of metribuzin is that it acts by inhibiting photosystem II
of photosynthesis by disrupting electron transfer. This results in death due to
starvation in the target plant. Selectivity is due to differing metabolism of the
compound within the plant.
Sulfosulfuron is a systemic, selective post-emergent herbicide of sulfonlylurea group.
Sulfosulfuron effectively controls the narrow leaf weeds like Phalaris minor
(Mandusi/Guli danda) and broad leaf weeds like Chenopodium (Bathu), Malilotus
(Sainji). Sulfosulfuron inhibits the synthesis of amino acids and stops the metabolic
process, with the result weeds dry up and ultimately dies. It translocates throughout
the plant and acts as an inhibitor of amino acid biosynthesis, hence stopping cell
division and plant growth. It is effective against grasses and broad-leaved weeds in
wheat.
Halosulfuron-methyl is a new post-emergence sulfonylurea herbicide for control of
broad-leaf weeds and sedges in rice and maize. On rice, it can be used on submerged
field as well as on dry seeded one with a dosage between 22.5 and 37.5 g/ha a.i.. It has
proved to be particularly effective against Bolboschoenus spp., Schoenoplectus spp.,
Cyperus spp., Alisma spp., Bidens spp., Typha spp., Ammannia spp. and Lindernia
spp.. It can be applied from the stage of 2-4 leaves up to the end of tillering, also in
combination with special products for control of grass weeds, such as Echinochloa
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spp.. Halosulfuron-methyl shows excellent selectivity to both rice groups (indica and
japonica varieties). On maize, it is applied in post-emergence conditions starting from
the stage of 1-2 leaves with a dose between 22.5 and 37.5 g/ha of a.i.. It is particularly
effective against Cyperus spp., Abutilon theophrasti, Xanthium spp., Bidens spp.,
Polygonum spp., Amaranthus ssp.. It shows also an excellent selectivity to maize.
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl is a new sulfonylurea herbicide for rice, being developed and
launched in major rice producing countries. Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl a sulfonylurea class
of herbicide. It is a pre-emergent systemic herbicide. The herbicidal activity is derived
by inhibition of Acetolactate synthase (ALS) which is essential for synthesis of amino
acids.
Ametryn is a thiotriazine selective systematic herbicide absorbed principally through
the roots, but also through the foliage, translocated acropetally in the xylem and
accumulated in the apical meristems and leaves. Ametryn binds to the plastoquinonebinding
protein in photosystem II, inhibiting electron transport. Ametryn can be used
as Pre and Post-emergence.
Diuron (1,1-dimethyl, 3-(3’,4’-dichlorophenyl) urea) is a broad-spectrum residual
herbicide and algaecide used in agriculture for pre-emergent and post-emergent
control of broadleaved and grass weeds. It is also used to control weeds and algae in
and around water bodies and is a component of marine antifouling paints.
Oxyfluorfen is a diphenyl-ether herbicide used for broad spectrum pre- and postemergent
control of annual broadleaf and grassy weeds in a variety of tree fruit, nut,
vine, and field crops. The largest agricultural markets in terms of total pounds active
ingredient are wine grapes and almonds. There are also nonagricultural ornamental
and forestry uses. Oxyfluorfen is also used for weed control in landscapes, patios,
driveways, and similar areas in residential sites.
The effectiveness of herbicides depends, Inter alia, on the type of herbicide used, the
application rate thereof, the composition, the harmful plants to be combated each time,
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the climatic and soil conditions, and the like. A further criterion is the duration of the
action or the rate of degradation of the herbicide. Changes in the sensitivity of harmful
plants to an active substance which may occur with relatively long use or in
geographically restricted areas are also to be taken into account, if appropriate. Such
changes are expressed as a more or less serious loss in activity and can only to a limited
extent be compensated for by higher herbicide application rates.
Because of the multitude of possible influencing factors, there is virtually no
individual active substance which combines in itself the properties desired for
different requirements, in particular with regard to the harmful plant species and the
climatic zones. In addition, there is the constant problem of achieving the effect with
an ever lower herbicide application rate. A lower application rate reduces not only the
amount of an active substance required for the application but generally also reduces
the amounts of formulation auxiliaries necessary. Both reduce the economic cost and
improve the ecological compatibility of the herbicide treatment.
One method frequently used for improving the application profile of a herbicide
consists in combining the active substance of one or more other active substances
which contribute the additional properties desired. However, the combined use of
several active substances not infrequently results in phenomena of physical and
biological incompatibility, e.g. lack of stability of a combined formulation,
decomposition of an active substance or antagonism of the active substances. On the
other hand, what is desired are combinations of active substances with a favorable
activity profile, high stability and the greatest possible synergistically strengthened
activity which makes possible a reduction in the application rate in comparison with
individual application of the active substances to be combined.
US5981432A describes herbicidal compositions comprising S-metolachlor and at
least one additional herbicide selected from atrazine, terbuthylazine, flumetsulan,
pendimethalin, metosulam, pyridate, glyphosate, glufosinate, cyanazine, dicamba,
halosulfuron, prosulfuron, primisulfuron, sulcotrione, metribuzin, BAY FOE 5043,
and salts thereof. The compositions may also contain the safener benoxacor.
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Indian patent application 201747024967 discloses a liquid herbicidal composition
comprising a non-aqueous solvent system at least one sulfonylurea herbicide and at
least one inorganic salt selected from the metal carbonates and metal phosphates. The
invention also relates to the use of an inorganic salt selected from the metal carbonates
and metal phosphates to improve chemical stabilization of a sulfonylurea herbicide in
a liquid composition comprising a non-aqueous solvent system.
DE19859224A1 discloses a synergistic herbicidal composition (I) for selective control
of weeds and grasses in crops that are resistant to protoporphyrinogen oxidase
inhibitors is new and comprises a mixture of: (a) an herbicide that inhibits
protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity; and (b) at least one other herbicide.
However still there is a need for a synergistic herbicidal composition which overcomes
some of the existing problems and can be prepared easily without much complex
manufacturing process.
Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the synergistic
herbicidal composition comprising A) S-Metolachlor B) at least one herbicide selected
from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone C) at least one more herbicide selected from
Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione, Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin,
Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn,
Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof with one or more inactive excipients described
herein in can provide solution to the above mentioned problems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an aspect of the present invention is to provide, with a view to effective resistance
management and effective control of weeds especially grassy weeds, at application
rates which are as low as possible, compositions which, at a reduced total amount of
active compounds applied, have improved activity against the harmful weeds and a
broadened activity spectrum, in particular for certain indications.
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Accordingly, in a main aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic
herbicidal composition comprising A) S-Metolachlor B) at least one herbicide selected
from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone C) at least one more herbicide selected from
Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione, Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin,
Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn,
Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof with one or more inactive excipients.
Accordingly, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing
the synergistic herbicidal composition comprising A) S-Metolachlor B) at least one
herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone C) at least one more
herbicide selected from Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione, Flumioxazin,
Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl,
Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof with one or
more inactive excipients.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides solution to all the problems mentioned above by
providing the synergistic herbicidal composition.
The present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising A) SMetolachlor
B) at least one herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone
C) at least one more herbicide selected from Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione,
Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron
Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof with
one or more inactive excipients.
"Effective amounts” as mentioned herein means that amount which, when applied
treatment of crops, is sufficient to effect such treatment.
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The term “formulation” and “composition” as used herein conveys the same meaning
and can be used interchangeably.
As used herein, the term "synergistic" means a combination of components wherein
the activity of the combination is greater than the sum of the individual activities of
each component of the combination.
The formulation or composition of the present invention can be in various physical
forms, for example in the form of a dustable powder (DP), a gel, a wettable powder
(WP), a granule (GR) (such as an emulsifiable granule (EG) or more particularly a
water-dispersible granule (WG)), a water-dispersible tablet (WT), an emulsifiable
concentrate (EC), a micro- emulsifiable concentrate, an oil-in-water emulsion (EW),
an oil flowable ( a spreading oil (SO)), an aqueous dispersion ( aqueous suspension
concentrate (SC)), an oily dispersion (OD), a suspo-emulsion (SE), a capsule
suspension (CS), a soluble liquid, a water-soluble concentrate (with water or a watermiscible
organic solvent as carrier), ZC (Mixed formulation of CS and SC), ZE
(Mixed formulation of CS and SE), ZW (Mixed formulation of CS and EW).
In a preferred embodiment, the composition of present invention is sleeted from SC
(Suspension Concentrate), CS (Capsule Suspension), EC (Emulsifiable Concentrate),
ZC (Mixed formulation of CS and SC), ZE (Mixed formulation of CS and SE), ZW
(Mixed formulation of CS and EW), WG (water-dispersible granules) and WP
(wettable powder)
As per one embodiment, the synergistic herbicidal composition comprising A) SMetolachlor
B) at least one herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone
C) at least one more herbicide selected from Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione,
Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron
Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof with
one or more inactive excipients, wherein active ingredients are present in
concentration as described below;
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Compound A Compound B Compound C
Active Ingredient S-Metolachlor Pendimethalin
Pyroxasulfone
Mesotrione,
Tembotrione,
Sulcotrione,
Flumioxazin,
Atrazine, Metribuzin,
Pyroxasulfone,
Sulfosulfuron,
Halosulfuron Methyl,
Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl,
Ametryn, Diuron,
Oxyfluorfen
Concentration 0.1-80% 0.1-50% 0.1-50%
In another embodiment of the present invention the synergistic herbicidal composition
comprising A) S-Metolachlor B) at least one herbicide selected from Pendimethalin
and Pyroxasulfone C) at least one more herbicide selected from Mesotrione,
Tembotrione, Sulcotrione, Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone,
Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron,
Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof with one or more inactive excipients effective for
controlling or killing of resistant and tough to control weeds.
As per one embodiment, the active herbicidal compound as mentioned above to be
used in the composition of present invention can be in the form of base or any salts
form known in the art.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic herbicidal composition of
present invention is effective in crops selected from GMO (Genetically Modified
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Organism) and Non GMO varieties of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Jute (Corchorus
oliotorus), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum
vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Ragi (Eleusine coracana),
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Sugarbeet
(Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower
(Helianthus annuus) , Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Linseed
(Linum usitatissimum), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Castor (Ricinus communis),
Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum),
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus
vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum),
Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens
culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata),
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion
(Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) ,
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum),
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus
lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia),
Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica
rapa subsp rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus
spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis),
Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus),
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis),
Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale),
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel
(Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum
ammi), Psyllium (Plantago ovate), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Stevia (Stevia
rebaudiana), Safed musli (Chlorophytum tuberosum), Drum stick (Moringa oleifera),
Coconut (Coco nucifera), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine
(Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia
(Dahlia hortnesis), Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii), Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus).
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In one embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic herbicidal composition of
present invention is effective against monocots, dicots and sedges weeds and are
selected from Abutilon indicum, Acalypha indica, Acanthospermum hispidum,
Achyranthes aspera, Aerva tomentosa, Ageratum conyzoides, Alhagi camelorum,
Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Ammannia
baccifera, Anagallis arvensis, Argemone mexicana, Artemisia nilagiricia, Asphodelus
tenuifolius, Avena fatua, Avena ludoviciana, Bidens pilosa, Boerhaavia diffusa,
Boerhavia repanda, Brachiaria mutica, Brassica kaber, Bromus tectorum, Calotropis
gigantea, Cannabis sativa, Carthamus axyacantha, Cassia tora, Celosia argentea,
Centella asiatica, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium murale, Chloris barbata,
Chrozophora rottlerii, Cichorium intybus, Cirsium arvense, Clitoria ternatea, Cnicus
arvensis, Commelina benghalensis, Commelina communis, Convolvulus arvensis,
Conyza canadensis, Corchorus acutangulus, Coronopus didymus, Crotalaria serice,
Cucumis callosus, Cuscuta campestris, Cuscuta chinensis, Cynodon dactylon,
Cyanotis axillaris, Cyperus esculenthus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus rotundus,
Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Datura stramonium, Daucus carota, Digera arvensis,
Digitaria sanguinalis, Dinebra retroflexa, Echinochola colonum, Echinochola
crusgalli, Eclipta alba, Eichhornia crassipes, Elephantopus scaber, Eleusine indica,
Eragrostis major, Euphorbia geniculata, Euphorbia hirta, Fimbristylis miliacea,
Fumaria indica, Gynandropsis gynandra, Heliotropium indicum, Indigofera
glandulosa, Ipomea aquatica, Lantana camara, Lathyrus aphaca, Launaea asplenifolia,
Launaea nudicaulis, Leucas aspera, Marsilea quadrifoliata, Medicago denticulate,
Mimosa pudica, Melilotus alba, Melilotus indica, Ocimum canum, Oenothera biennis,
Opuntia dillenil, Orobanche ramosa, Oryza longistaminata, Oryza sativa, Oxalis
corniculata, Oxalis latifolia, Parthenium hysterophorus, Paspalum sanguinale,
Phalaris minor, Phyllanthus niruri, Physalis minima, Polypogon monspeliensis,
Portulaca oleracea, Prosopis juliflora, Rumex dentatus, Saccharum spontaneum,
Stearia glauca, Seteria viridis, Sida spinosa, Silene antirrhina, Sisymbrium irio,
Solanum nigrum, Solanum surattense, Sonchus oleraceous, Sorghum halepense,
Spergula arvensis, Sphenocleazeylanica Gaertn, Striga asiatica, Tagetes minuta,
Trianthema monogyna, Trianthema portulacastrum, Tribulus terrestris, Trigonelia
polycerata, Vernonia cinerea, Vicia sativa and Xanthium strumarium.
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The present invention of synergistic herbicidal composition comprising A) SMetolachlor
B) at least one herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone
C) at least one more herbicide selected from Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione,
Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron
Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof offers
advantages as mentioned below;
1. Synergism is in herbicidal composition combination of active ingredients in
comparison to activity of single ingredients,
2. Herbicidal composition covers broad spectrum of weeds
3. Herbicidal composition can control/kill resistant and tough weeds with
multisite action and there by weed resistance management
4. Herbicidal composition has longer residual control
One or more inactive excipient is selected from including but not limited to dispersant,
anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, anti-microbial
agent, thickener, quick coating agent or sticking agents (also referred to as “stickers”
or “binders”) and buffering agent.
As per one embodiment, the synergistic herbicidal composition of present invention
may further optionally comprise one or more crop safener. Crop safener if present in
the composition may be selected from Benoxacor, Dichlormid, Furilazole,
Cyometrinil, Oxabetrinil, Fluxofenim, MG-191, Dymron, Mefenpyr diethyl and
Isoxadifen ethyl.
Surfactants that are used as dispersants have the ability to adsorb strongly onto a
particle surface and provide a charged or stearic barrier to re-aggregation of particles.
The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, non-ionic, or mixtures of the two
types. For wettable powder formulations, the most common dispersants are sodium
lignosulphonates. For suspension concentrates, very good adsorption and stabilization
are obtained using polyelectrolytes, such as sodium naphthalene sulphonate
formaldehyde condensates. Tristyrylphenolethoxylate phosphate esters are also used.
PTIN/0018248
Page 16 of 49
Nonionics such as alkylarylethylene oxide condensates and EO-PO block copolymers
are sometimes combined with anionics as dispersants for suspension concentrates. In
recent years, new types of very high molecular weight polymeric surfactants have been
developed as dispersants. These have very long hydrophobic ‘backbones’ and a large
number of ethylene oxide chains forming the ‘teeth’ of a ‘comb’ surfactant. These
high molecular weight polymers can give very good long-term stability to suspension
concentrates because the hydrophobic backbones have many anchoring points onto
the particle surfaces. Examples of dispersants used herein include but not limited to
sodium lignosulphonates; sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates;
tristyrylphenolethoxylate phosphate esters; aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates; alky
ethoxylates; EO-PO block copolymers; and graft copolymers or mixtures thereof.
Anti-freezing agent as used herein can be selected from the group consisting of
polyethylene glycols, methoxypolyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols,
polybutylene glycols, glycerin and ethylene glycol.
Water-based formulations often cause foam during mixing operations in production.
In order to reduce the tendency to foam, anti-foam agents are often added either during
the production stage or before filling into bottles. Generally, there are two types of
anti-foam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous
emulsions of dimethyl polysiloxane while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are waterinsoluble
oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the
anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface.
A wetting agent is a substance that when added to a liquid increases the spreading or
penetration power of the liquid by reducing the interfacial tension between the liquid
and the surface on which it is spreading. Wetting agents are used for two main
functions in agrochemical formulations: during processing and manufacture to
increase the rate of wetting of powders in water to make concentrates for soluble
liquids or suspension concentrates; and during mixing of a product with water in a
spray tank or other vessel to reduce the wetting time of wettable powders and to
improve the penetration of water into water-dispersible granules. Examples of wetting
PTIN/0018248
Page 17 of 49
agents used in wettable powder, suspension concentrate, and water-dispersible granule
formulations include but not limited to sodium lauryl sulphate; sodium
dioctylsulphosuccinate; alkyl phenol ethoxylates; and aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates
and the salts thereof which are standard in agricultureor mixtures thereof.
Suspension aid in the present description denotes a natural or synthetic, organic or
inorganic material with which the active substance is combined in order to facilitate
its application to the plant, to the seeds or to the soil. This carrier is hence generally
inert, and it must be agriculturally acceptable, in particular to the plant being treated.
The carrier may be solid (clays, natural or synthetic silicates, silica, resins, waxes,
solid fertilizers, and the like or mixtures thereof) or liquid (water, alcohols, ketones,
petroleum fractions, aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons,
liquefied gases, and the like or mixtures thereof).
Biocides / Microorganisms cause spoilage of formulated products. Therefore antimicrobial
agents are used to eliminate or reduce their effect. Examples of such agents
include, but are not limited to: propionic acid and its sodium salt; sorbic acid and its
sodium or potassium salts; benzoic acid and its sodium salt; p-hydroxy benzoic acid
sodium salt; methyl p-hydroxy benzoate; and biocide such as sodium benzoate, 1,2-
benzisothiazoline-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-
isothiazolin-3-one, potassium sorbate, parahydroxy benzoates or mixtures thereof.
Thickeners or gelling agents are used mainly in the formulation of suspension
concentrates, emulsions and suspo-emulsions to modify the rheology or flow
properties of the liquid and to prevent separation and settling of the dispersed particles
or droplets. Thickening, gelling, and anti-settling agents generally fall into two
categories, namely water-insoluble particulates and water-soluble polymers. It is
possible to produce suspension concentrate formulations using clays and silicas.
Examples of these types of materials, include, but are limited to, montmorillonite,
bentonite; magnesium aluminum silicate; and attapulgite. Water-soluble
polysaccharides have been used as thickening-gelling agents for many years. The
types of polysaccharides most commonly used are natural extracts of seeds and
PTIN/0018248
Page 18 of 49
seaweeds are synthetic derivatives of cellulose or mixtures thereof. Examples of these
types of materials include, but are not limited to, guar gum; locust bean gum;
carrageenam; xanthan gum; alginates; methyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethyl
cellulose (SCMC); hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) or mixtures thereof. Other types of
anti-settling agents are based on modified starches, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol
and polyethylene oxide or mixtures.
The quick coating agent can be a conventionally available sticker, for example
polyesters, polyamides, poly- carbonates, polyurea and polyurethanes, acrylate
polymers and copolymers, styrene copolymers, butadiene copolymers,
polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose derivatives, vinylalcohol, vinylacetate
and vinylpyrrolidone polymers and copolymers, polyethers, epoxy, phenolic and
melamine resins, polyolefins and define copolymersand mixtures thereof. Examples
of preferred polymers are acrylate polymers such as poly(methacrylate), poly(ethyl
methacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate), acrylate copoylmers and styrene-acrylic
copolymers as defined herein below, poly(styrene-co maleic anhydride), cellulosic
polymers such as ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetatebutyrate,
acetylated mono, di, and triglycerides, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), vinyl acetate polymers
and copolymers, poly(alkylene glycol), styrene butadiene copolymers,
poly(orthoesters), alkyd resins, and mixtures of two or more of these. Polymers that
are biodegradable are also useful in the present invention. As used herein, a polymer
is biodegradable if is not water soluble, but is degraded over a period of several weeks
when placed in an application environment. Examples of biodegradable polymers that
are useful in the present invention include biodegradable polyesters, starch, polylactic
acid starch blends, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymers,
polydioxanone, cellulose esters, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, starch
esters, starch esteraliphatic polyester blends, modified corn starch, polycaprolactone,
poly(namylmethacrylate), wood rosin, polyanhydrides, polyvinylalcohol,
polyhydroxybutyratevalerate, biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, and
polyhydroxybutyrate or mixtures thereof.
PTIN/0018248
Page 19 of 49
Buffering agent as used herein is selected from group consisting of calcium
hydroxyapatite, Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Sodium Hydroxide, carbonated
apatite, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium
phosphates, carbonated calcium phosphates, amine monomers, lactate dehydrogenase
and magnesium hydroxide.
The solvent for the formulation of the present invention may include water, watersoluble
alcohols and dihydroxy alcohol ethers. The water-soluble alcohol which can
be used in the present invention may be lower alcohols or water-soluble
macromolecular alcohols. The term "lower alcohol", as used herein, represents an
alcohol having 1-4 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol,
n-butanol, tert-butanol, etc. Macromolecular alcohol is not limited, as long as it may
be dissolved in water in a suitable amount range, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol,
glucitol, etc. The examples of suitable dihydroxy alcohol ethers used in the present
invention may be dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ethers or dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers. The
examples of dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ether include ethylene glycol methyl ether,
diethylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol
methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene
glycol ethyl ether, dipropylene glycol ethyl ether, etc. The examples of dihydroxy
alcohol aryl ethers include ethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol phenyl
ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, dipropylene glycol phenyl ether, and the like.
Any of the above mentioned solvent can be used either alone or in combination
thereof.
The wettable dry granules (WDG) can be applied after disintegration and dispersion
in water. Water dispersible granules can be formed by a) agglomeration, b) spray
drying, or c) extrusion techniques.
WDG formulations offer a number of advantages in packaging, ease of handling and
safety. The WDG are preferably of uniform size and which are free flowing, low
dusting and readily disperse in water to form a homogenous solution of very small
particles which may pass through conventional spray nozzles. Ideally WDG
PTIN/0018248
Page 20 of 49
formulations when dispersed in water under gentle agitation for five minutes have
residues of less than 0.01% on a 150 µm sieve screen and less than 0.5% on a 53 µm
screen. The granules can usually be measured accurately by volume which is
convenient for the end user.
The SC formulation can be prepared by below described method;
STEP-I: Adding anti-microbial agent and gum in water under continuous stirring
followed by slow addition. Continuing stirring until homogeneous dispersion is
formed.
STEP-II: Mixing anti-freezing agent, dispersant, wetting agent, anti-microbial agent
and anti-foaming agent in water for 30 minute until homogeneous solution is formed.
Finally add A) S-Metolachlor B) at least one herbicide selected from Pendimethalin
and Pyroxasulfone C) at least one more herbicide selected from Mesotrione,
Tembotrione, Sulcotrione, Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone,
Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron,
Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof is added slowly under continuous stirring at 30 minute
till homogeneous dispersion is obtained. Milling the slurry through bead mill until
required particle size is achieved.
Step-III: Adding rest of water, anti-foaming agent and gum solution under continuous
stirring to get desired viscosity of the suspension. Continue stirring for about 4 hr. to
obtain homogeneous formulation.
The process for preparing the present herbicidal composition can be modified
accordingly by any person skilled in the art based on the knowledge of the
manufacturing the formulation. However all such variation and modification is still
covered by the scope of present invention.
PTIN/0018248
Page 21 of 49
EXAMPLES
Example 1: Suspension concentrate (SC) formulation of S-Metolachlor 30%;
Pyroxasulfone 3.34% and Metribuzin 4%.
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
S-Metolachlor a.i. 30.00
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 3.34
Metribuzin a.i. 4.00
Acrylic graft copolymer 3.00
Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol 2.00
Alkylated naphtalene sulfonate, sodium salt 0.50
Silicone antifoam 0.50
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.20
Mono Ethylene Glycol 5.00
Silicon Dioxide 0.50
Xanthan Gum 0.15
Water QS
TOTAL 100.0
Storage stability Study :.S-Metolachlor 30% + Pyroxasulfone 3.34%
+ Metribuzin 4% SC
Parameters Specificati
on
(In house)
Initial
Stability (for 14
days)
At
54±2
0C
At 0±2
0C
Description
Off white
colour
flowable
liquid
Compl
ies
Compli
es
Compli
es
S-Metolachlor content
percent by mass
28.50 to
31.50 30.58 30.54 30.58
Pyroxasulfone content
percent by mass
3.17 to
3.67 3.42 3.39 3.42
Metribuzin content percent by
mass
3.80 to
4.40 4.19 4.15 4.17
S-Metolachlor suspensibility
percent mini. 80 98.15 96.01 97.65
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility
percent mini. 80 97.23 95.22 97.23
PTIN/0018248
Page 22 of 49
Metribuzin suspensibility
percent mini. 80 98.89 96.15 98.92
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.05 7.08 7.05
Pourability 95 % min 98.70 97.70 97.60
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.09 1.09 1.09
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20
rpm
350 -800
cps 460 490 495
Particle size (micron) D50 <3,
D90 <10
2.2,
7.9 2.6, 8.5 2.7, 8.5
Persistent foam ml (after 1
minute) max. 60 5 10 5
Room temperature storage
data
Parameters Specificati
on
(In house)
Study Duration
1
month
6
month
12
months
24
month
s
Description
Off white
colour
flowable
liquid
Compl
ies
Compli
es
Compli
es
Compl
ies
S-Metolachlor content
percent by mass
28.50 to
31.50 30.58 30.57 30.56 30.55
Pyroxasulfone content
percent by mass
3.17 to
3.67 3.42 3.41 3.40 3.38
Metribuzin content percent by
mass
3.80 to
4.40 4.19 4.19 4.18 4.16
S-Metolachlor suspensibility
percent mini. 80 98.38 98.75 98.54 96.61
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility
percent mini. 80 97.75 97.68 97.15 96.47
Metribuzin suspensibility
percent mini. 80 98.45 98.63 98..58 97.51
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.05 7.06 7.06 7.08
Pourability 95 % min 98.70 98.60 98.30 97.50
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20
rpm
350 -800
cps 460 465 470 485
Particle size (micron) D50 <3,
D90 <10 2.2, 8 2.2, 8.1 2.3, 8.2 2.5,
8.5
Persistent foam ml (after 1
minute) max. 60 2 5 5 10
PTIN/0018248
Page 23 of 49
Manufacturing Process
Suspension Concentrate (SC) :
Step
1
Gum Solution should be made 12-18 hour prior to use. Take required
quantity of water, biocide, and defoamer and homogenize, then slowly add
gum powder to it and stir till complete dissolution.
Step
2
Charge required quantity of DM water need to be taken in designated vessel
for Suspension concentrate production.
Step
3
Add required quantity of Wetting agent, antifreeze, dispersing agent &
suspending agents and homogenize the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using
high shear homogenizer.
Step
4
Then add technical and other remaining adjuvants excluding ‘thickener’ are
added to it and homogenized to get uniform slurry ready for grinding.
Step
5
Before grinding half the quantity of antifoam was added and then material
was subjected to grinding in Dyno mill till desired particle size is achieved.
Step
6
Half quantity of the antifoam was added after grinding process completes
and before sampling for in process analysis.
Step
7
Finally add gum solution to this formulation and send to QC for quality
check.
Example 2 : Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation of Metolachlor 30%
Pendimethalin 20% and Mesotrione 3% :
Composition Percentage (w/w)
S-Metolachlor a.i. 30.00
Pendimethalin a.i. 20.00
Mesotrione a.i. 3.00
Polyaryl phenol ethoxylate &
calcium dodecyl benzene
sulfonate
8.00
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone 5.00
Solvent - C-9 Q.S.
TOTAL 100.00
Manufacturing Process
Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) formulation
Step 1
Charge half quantity of solvent and then mix the technical into this solvent until
completely soluble.
Step 2 Now add surfactants dose as per screening ration.
Step 3 Now add remaining solvent to this mixture.
Step 4 Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 5 After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.
PTIN/0018248
Page 24 of 49
Storage stability Study:S-Metolachlor 30%+Pendimethalin 20%+Mesotrione 3% EC
Parameters
Specification
(In house) Initial
Stability (for 14
days)
At 54±2
0C
At 0±2
0C
Description Brown to dark Yellow
liquid
Complies Complies Complies
S-metachlor content
(% w/w) 28.50 to 31.50 30.52 30.49 30.52
Pendimethalin
content (% w/w) 19.00 to 21.00 20.46 20.41 20.45
Mesotrione content
(% w/w) 2.85 to 3.30 3.20 3.15 3.20
Emulsion stability Max 2ml creaming or
sediment after 1 hour Complies Complies Complies
pH (5% in DM
water) 6.0 - 8.0 7.05 7.03 7.05
Flash point Above 24.5 degree celcius 43 43 43
Cold test
Any separation or
creaming max 2 ml after 1
hour
Complies Complies Complies
Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house)
Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 month 24 month
Description Brown to dark Yellow
liquid Complies Complies Complies Complies
S-metachlor content
(% w/w) 28.50 to 31.50 30.52 30.51 30.51 30.50
Pendimethalin
content (% w/w) 19.00 to 21.00 20.46 20.45 20.44 20.42
Mesotrione content
(% w/w) 2.85 to 3.30 3.20 3.19 3.18 3.16
Emulsion stability Max 2ml creaming or
sediment after 1 hour Complies Complies Complies Complies
pH (5% in DM
water) 6.0 - 8.0 7.05 7.05 7.04 7.03
Cold test
Any separation or
creaming max 2 ml after 1
hour
Complies Complies Complies Complies
Flash point Above 24.5 degree celcius 43 43 43 43
PTIN/0018248
Page 25 of 49
Example 3 : Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation of S-Metolachlor 30%;
Pendimethalin 20% andTembotrione 3%
Composition Percentage (w/w)
S-Metolachlor a.i. 30.00
Pendimethalin a.i. 20.00
Tembotrione a.i. 3.00
Polyaryl phenol ethoxylate &
calcium dodecyl benzene
sulfonate
8.00
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone 4.00
Solvent - C-9 Q.S.
TOTAL 100.00
Procedure: as per Example 2
Example 4 : Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation of S-Metolachlor 30%;
Pendimethalin 20%; Sulcotrione 3%.
Composition Percentage (w/w)
S-Metolachlor a.i. 30.00
Pendimethalin a.i. 20.00
Sulcotrione a.i. 3.00
Polyaryl phenol ethoxylate & calcium
dodecyl benzene sulfonate 8.00
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone 5.00
Solvent - C-9 Q.S.
TOTAL 100.00
Procedure: as per Example 2
Example 5: ZE formulation of S-Metolachlor 30% ; Pendimethaline 30% and
Metribuzin 3% :
Chemical Composition
Percent
(%
w/w)
S-Metolachlor a.i. 30.00
PTIN/0018248
Page 26 of 49
Pendimethaline a.i. 30.00
Metribuzin a.i. 3.00
Lignosulfonic acid sodium salt, sulfonated Kraft lignin 0.80
Polyphenylhexyl urea 1.26
Naphthalene sulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde, sodium salt 0.29
Silicone antifoam 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.20
Ethoxylated Polyaryl Phenol 1.00
Xanthan Gum 0.15
Modified polyacrylate copolymer 0.20
Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate 10.00
Water QS
TOTAL 100.0
Manufacturing process of ZE (Mixed Formulation of CS and SE ) :
PART A. CS Formulation
Step 1 Before starting the process, check the cleanliness of all equipments in
plant and get approval by QC dept.
Step 2 Check the electrical connection and standardize the weighing balance.
Step 3 The manufacturing process involves different separate steps.
Charge water, surfactants, Magnesium Sulphate anhydrous slowly and
then Silicon Antifoam to the ‘Aqueous Phase’ - reactor and begin
agitation until homogeneous.
Charge the Pendimethalin technical to the reactor and mix thoroughly and
heat the vessel at 60-65 °C. Afterwards charge the ‘4,4'-
methylenediphenyl diisocyanate’ / ‘Isocyanic acid, methyl-m-phenylene
ester’ to vessel and mix thoroughly for 10-15 minutes.
In the ‘Aqueous Phase’ – reactor, containing the ‘Aqueous Phase’, start
heating the vessel at 60-65°C and start high shear agitation, then charge
the ‘Organic Phase’ to the ‘Aqueous Phase’ – reactor and till required
particle size achieved and then add Amine to this formulation and stop
the high shear agitator, and start bulk agitation and heat the contents of
the reactor to 60-65°C for 1-2 hours for polymerization step and cooking.
Now, cool the vessel to 40°C or below.
Charge ‘xanthan premix’ to the main formulation vessel and mix for until
homogenous.
Now, neutralize the formulation and adjust the pH to 7.0-8.0 and mix
thoroughly.
Step 4 Finally send the sample to QC for approval.
PTIN/0018248
Page 27 of 49
. PART B SE Formulation
Step 1 Gum Solution should be made 12-18 hour prior to use. Take required
quantity of water, biocide, and defoamer and homogenize, then slowly
add gum powder to it and stir till complete dissolution.
Step 2 Oil Phase : Technical dissolved in solvent and emulsifier.
Step 3 Aqueous phase: Charge 90% of total quantity of water in a vessel and
then add preservative and MEG and stir well
Step 4 Add required quantity of Wetting agent, dispersing agent & suspending
agents and homogenize the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear
homogenizer.
Step 5 Then add technical and other remaining adjuvants excluding ‘antifreeze
& thickeners’ are added to it and homogenized to get uniform.
Step 6 Now add oil phase in aqueous phase and stir for 30 minutes using
homogenizer.
Step 7 Before grinding of step no. 6, half quantity of antifoam was added and
then material was subjected to three cycles of grinding in bead mill.
Step 8 Half quantity of the antifoam was added along with antifreeze after
grinding process completes and before sampling for in process analysis.
PART C Mixing of CS and SE
Step 1 Now, Mix the CS and SE in a vessel and homogenize.
Step 2 Finally add gum solution to this formulation and Send to QC for quality
check.
Storage stability Study: S-Metolachlor 30%+Pendimethalin
30%+Metribuzin 3% ZE
Parameters Specification
(In house) Initial
Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2
0C
At 0±2
0C
Description
Brown to Yellow
Colour Flowable
Liquid
Comp
lies Complies Complies
S-Metolachlor content
percent by mass 28.50 to 31.50 30.35 30.21 30.34
Pendimethaline content
percent by mass 28.50 to 31.50 30.39 30.28 30.36
Metribuzin content
percent by mass 2.85 to 3.30 3.12 3.05 3.12
S-Metolachlor
suspensibility percent
mini.
80 98.91 97.10 98.77
Pendimethaline
suspensibility percent
mini.
80 94.15 90.15 94.10
PTIN/0018248
Page 28 of 49
Metribuzin
suspensibility percent
mini.
80 96.98 95.10 95.85
pH range (1% aq.
Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.04 7.03 7.04
Pourability 95 % min 98.50 97.70 97.60
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.09 1.10 1.09
Viscosity at spindle
no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 450 480 485
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2,
7.9 2.8, 9.2 2.7, 8.5
Persistent foam ml
(after 1 minute) max. 60 2 5 5
Room temperature
storage data
Parameters Specification
(In house)
Study Duration
1
month
6
month
12
month
s
24
mont
hs
Description
Brown to Yellow
Colour Flowable
Liquid
Comp
lies
Compli
es
Compl
ies
Comp
lies
S-Metolachlor content
percent by mass 28.50 to 31.50 30.34 30.33 30.30 30.28
Pendimethaline content
percent by mass 28.50 to 31.50 30.38 30.36 30.33 30.30
Metribuzin content
percent by mass 2.85 to 3.30 3.12 3.11 3.10 3.08
S-Metolachlor
suspensibility percent
mini.
80 98.89 98.85 98.51 98.05
Pendimethaline
suspensibility percent
mini.
80 94.50 94.14 94.02 93.05
Metribuzin
suspensibility percent
mini.
80 96.95 96.51 96.05 95.81
pH range (1% aq.
Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.04 7.04 7.03 7.03
Pourability 95 % min 98.50 98.40 97.20 96.40
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.09 1.09 1.10 1.10
Viscosity at spindle
no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 450 455 460 480
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 8 2.2, 8.1 2.8,
8.9
2.8,
9.1
PTIN/0018248
Page 29 of 49
Persistent foam ml
(after 1 minute) max. 60 2 2 3 5
Example 6: ZE formulation of S-Metolachlor (30%); Pendimethaline (30%) and
Pyroxasulfone (3% ):
Chemical Composition Percent (%
w/w)
S-Metolachlor a.i. 30.00
Pendimethalin a.i. 30.00
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 3.00
Lignosulfonic acid sodium salt, sulfonated Kraft lignin 0.80
Polyphenylhexyl urea 1.26
Naphthalene sulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde, sodium salt 0.29
Silicone antifoam 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.20
Ethoxylated Polyaryl Phenol 1.50
Xanthan Gum 0.15
Modified polyacrylate copolymer 0.20
Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate 10.00
Water QS
TOTAL 100.0
Procedure: as per Example 5
Example 7 to 15
Most Preferred formulations
Exam
ple no
Compositions (%) in formulation
Tota
l
A.I.
Type of
Formula
tion
Formula
tion per
Hectare
(g or ml)
Active
Ingredient/Hec
tare
Active
Ingredi
ent 1
(A.I.1)
Active
Ingredi
ent 2
(A.I.2)
Active
Ingredient 3
(A.I.3)
A B C
7 30.0% 20.0% Mesotrione
3.0%
53.0
% EC 2500 75
0
50
0 75
8 30.0% 20.0% Tembotrione
3.0%
53.0
% EC 2500 75
0
50
0 75
9 30.0% 20.0% Sulcotrione
3.0%
53.0
% EC 2500 75
0
50
0 75
PTIN/0018248
Page 30 of 49
10 30.0% 30.0% Metribuzin
3.0%
63.0
% ZE 2500 75
0
75
0 75
11 30.0% 30.0% Pyroxasulfone
3.0%
63.0
% ZE 2500 75
0
75
0 75
12 32.0% 5.7% Mesotrione
3.0%
41.0
% EC 3000 96
0
17
0
10
0
13 32.0% 5.7% Tembotrione
3.3%
41.0
% EC 3000 96
0
17
0
10
0
14 32.0% 5.7% Sulcotrione
3.3%
41.0
% EC 3000 96
0
17
0
10
0
15 30.0% 3.3% Metribuzin
4.0%
37.3
% ZE 2000 60
0 67 80
[Note A.I.1= S-Metolachlor ; A.I.2 = Pendimethalin
Thus, the present invention provides above compositions containing incompatible
ingredients, and particularly active ingredients, with improved stability and methods
of improving stability thereto in a simple and cost effective manner.
Example 16 : Biological Trials:
Field experiments of inventive composition and formulation of
s-metolachlo+ pendimethalin+ mesotrione,
s-metolachlo + pendimethalin + tembotrione,
s-metolachlo + pendimethalin + sulcotrione,
s-metolachlo + pyroxasulfone + mesotrione,
s-metolachlo + pyroxasulfone + tembotrione,
s-metolachlo +pyroxasulfone + sulcotrione were carried on maize crop,
whereas s-metolachlor + pendimethalin + metribuzin,
s-metolachlor + pyroxasulfone + metribuzin on wheat crop to evaluate their
phytotoxicity and bioefficacy against different weed flora existing in field.
A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination of active ingredient
is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore a
synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition
or combination is an amount that exhibits greater herbicidal activity than the sum of
the herbicidal activities of the individual components.
PTIN/0018248
Page 31 of 49
In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined
by Colby S.R. in an article entitled “ Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic
responses of herbicide combinations” published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p.20-
22, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The action expected for a given
combination of two active components can be calculated as follows:
The synergistic herbicidal action of the inventive Composition can be demonstrated
by the experiments below.
Example 1 Bioefficacy and phytotoxicity to maize (Zea mays)
The field experiment was conducted on maize crop and experimental details as
below:
Crop & Variety : Maize, Ganaga Kaveri
Experimental design : Randomized block design (R.B.D)
Replications : Three
No. of Treatments : Twelve (12)
Plot size : 30 sq. mt.
Application Time : 2 DAS (Days after sowing)
Observations : at 5, 10 and 20 DAA for phytotoxicity and 15 and 30
DAA (Days after Application) for bioefficacy against
weeds
Spray Volume : 375 liter water per hectare
E = X + Y + Z - {XY + YZ + XZ } + ( X Y Z )
100 10000
Where E = Expected % control by mixture of three products A, B and C in a defined dose
X = Observed % control by product A
Y = Observed % control by product B
Z = Observed % control by product C
Ratio = Observed Control %
Expected Control %
Ratio of O/E > 1, means synergism observed.
PTIN/0018248
Page 32 of 49
Application Equipment : Manually operated knap sack sprayer fitted with flat
fat nozzle
Experimental Methodology:
Maize crop was raised as per the standard agronomic practices in the field to conduct
a trial to assess phytotoxicity of different inventive synergistic mixtures. The trial was
laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with twelve treatments including
untreated check (UTC), replicated three times. For each treatment plot size of 30 sq.
mt was maintained. The application of different treatments with prescribed doses was
done with manually operated knapsack sprayer fitted with flat fan nozzle. The spray
volume was used at 375 l/h for spraying. The Untreated check plot was sprayed with
water alone. Observations on phytotoxicity viz., yellowing, leaf tip burning and
stunting was recorded at 5 and 10 days after spraying, by adopting 0-10 rating scale
as below:
0= No phytotoxicity, 1 =1-10%, 2=11-20%, 3=21-30%, 4=31-40%, 5=41-50%, 6=51-
60%, 7=61-70%, 8=71-80%, 9=81-90% and 10=91-100% phytotoxicity
Percent phytotoxicity was calculated by following formula:
Sum of all scores
% Phytotoxicity = ------------------------------------------------------------- X 100
Number of samples x highest rating scale
Species wise weed count recorded at 15 and 30 DAA (Days After Application) by
using 0.25 m2 quadrant treatment wise in minimum 4 places randomly selected in the
plot per replication. The average of each variable was used together with the sum of
all the variables per plot to calculate the percentage of control.
% Weed Control =
Mean weed count in untreated plot – Mean weed control in treated plot
1- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100
Mean weed count in untreated plot
The % weeds control data used in Colby’s formula to calculate the synergism between
three herbicide.
PTIN/0018248
Page 33 of 49
Table 1: Phytotoxicity on maize.
Treatment Details Formulation
(ml or g per h)
Active
Ingredient
(g/h)
Yellowing
(%) Stunting (%)
5
DAA
10
DAA
10
DAA 20 DAA
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30%
EC+Mesotrione
40% SC
781.25+1666.7+187.5 750+500+75 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30%
EC+Tembotrione
42% SC
781.25+1666.7+178.57 750+500+75 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30% EC
781.25+1666.7 750+500 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Mesotrione
40% SC
781.25+187.5 750+75 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Tembotrione
42% SC
781.25+178.57 750+75 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
Pendimethalin 30%
EC+Mesotrione
40% SC
1666.7+187.5 500+75 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
Pendimethalin 30%
EC+Tembotrione
42% SC
1666.7+178.57 500+75 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC 781.25 750 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pendimethalin 30%
EC 1666.7 500 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mesotrione 40% SC 187.5 75 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
Tembotrione 42%
SC 178.57 75 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
Unweeded control 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
ml- milli liter, g- gram, h-hectare, DAS- Days After Sowing, SC- Suspension Concentrate, ECEmulsifiable
Concentrate
Table 2: Phytotoxicity on maize
Treatment Details Formulation
(ml or g per h)
Active
Ingredient
(g/h)
Yellowing (%) Stunting (%)
5
DAA
10
DAA
10
DAA 20 DAA
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone
85% WG+Mesotrione
40% SC
1000+200+250 960+170+100 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
PTIN/0018248
Page 34 of 49
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone
85% WG+Tembotrione
42% SC
1000+200+238 960+170+100 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone
85% WG
1000+200 960+170 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Mesotrione 40%
SC
1000+250 960+100 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Tembotrione 42%
SC
1000+238 960+100 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG+Mesotrione 40%
SC
200+250 170+100 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG+Tembotrione 42%
SC
200+238 170+100 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
S-Metolachlor 96% EC 1000 960 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG 200 170 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mesotrione 40% SC 250 100 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
Tembotrione 42% SC 238 100 10.0 5.0 10.0 5.0
Unweeded control 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
ml- milli liter, g- gram, h-hectare, DAS- Days After Sowing, SC- Suspension Concentrate, ECEmulsifiable
Concentrate
The results of the field trial presented in table 1 and table indicates that the inventive
synergistic composition and formulation of
s-metolachlo + pendimethalin + mesotrione,
s-metolachlo + pendimethalin + tembotrione,
s-metolachlo + pendimethalin + sulcotrione,
s-metolachlo + pyroxasulfone + mesotrione,
s-metolachlo+pyroxasulfone+tembotrione,
s-metolachlo+pyroxasulfone+sulcotrione
shows marginal yellowing (i.e. up to 10%) and stunting (up to 10%) which were
completely recovered in 25 to 30 days and did not cause any significant damage to
crop and crop vigor and growth. Overall all tested combinations were found safe to
the maize crop.
PTIN/0018248
Page 35 of 49
Table 3: Bioefficacy against mixed weed flora in maize crop
Treatment Details Formulation
(ml or g per h)
Active
Ingredient
(g/h)
% Weed
Control
Observed
% Weed
Control
Expected
Colby
Ratio o/e
15
DA
A
30
DA
A
15
DA
A
30
DA
A
15
DA
A
30
DA
A
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30%
EC+Mesotrione
40% SC
781.25+1666.7+18
7.5
750+500+
75 99.2 95.6 87.0
5
81.7
7
1.1
4
1.1
7
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30%
EC+Tembotrione
42% SC
781.25+1666.7+17
8.57
750+500+
75 98.6 93.6 86.8
2
81.8
3
1.1
4
1.1
4
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30% EC
781.25+1666.7 750+500 72.4 66.8 73.8
9
68.7
8
0.9
8
0.9
7
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Mesotrione
40% SC
781.25+187.5 750+75 70.6 64.6 77.9
8
69.5
2
0.9
1
0.9
3
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Tembotrione
42% SC
781.25+178.57 750+75 69.2 60.2 77.5
8
69.6
2
0.8
9
0.8
6
Pendimethalin 30%
EC+Mesotrione
40% SC
1666.7+187.5 500+75 68.6 61.4 70.8
4
65.0
8
0.9
7
0.9
4
Pendimethalin 30%
EC+Tembotrione
42% SC
1666.7+178.57 500+75 68.2 58.6 70.3
1
65.2
0
0.9
7
0.9
0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC 781.25 750 55.6 47.8
Pendimethalin 30%
EC 1666.7 500 41.2 40.2
Mesotrione 40% SC 187.5 75 50.4 41.6
Tembotrione 42%
SC 178.57 75 49.5 41.8
Unweeded control 0 0 0.0 0.0
ml- milli liter, g- gram, h-hectare, DAS- Days After Sowing, SC- Suspension
Concentrate, EC- Emulsifiable Concentrate
PTIN/0018248
Page 36 of 49
Table 4: Bioefficacy against mixed weed flora in maize crop
Treatment Details
Formulation
(ml or
g per h)
Active
Ingredient
(g/h)
% Weed Control
Observed
% Weed Control
Expected
Colby Ratio
o/e
15
DAA
30
DAA
15
DAA
30
DAA
15
DAA
30
DAA
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG+Mesotrione 40% SC
1000
+200
+250
960
+170
+100
96.8 97.6 87.68 89.12 1.10 1.10
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG+Tembotrione 42%
SC
1000
+200
+238
960
+170
+100
97.6 98.2 88.06 89.67 1.11 1.10
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG
1000
+200
960
+170 75.6 77.4 76.49 78.58 0.99 0.99
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Mesotrione 40% SC
1000
+250
960
+100 72.2 73.6 73.90 75.92 0.98 0.97
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Tembotrione 42% SC
1000
+238
960
+100 72.8 75.6 74.70 77.15 0.97 0.98
Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG+Mesotrione 40% SC
200
+250
170
+100 73.6 76.2 75.27 77.04 0.98 0.99
Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG+Tembotrione 42%
SC
200
+238
170
+100 75.2 74.4 76.02 78.21 0.99 0.95
S-Metolachlor 96% EC 1000 960 50.2 52.6
Pyroxasulfone 85% WG 200 170 52.8 54.8
Mesotrione 40% SC 250 100 47.6 49.2
Tembotrione 42% SC 238 100 49.2 51.8
Unweeded control 0 0 0.0 0.0
ml- milli liter, g- gram, h-hectare, DAS- Days After Sowing, SC- Suspension Concentrate, ECEmulsifiable
Concentrate
The field trials results presented in table 3 and table 4 shows that inventive synergistic
combination of s-metolachlo+pendimethalin+mesotrione, smetolachlo+
pendimethalin+tembotrione, s-metolachlo+pendimethalin+sulcotrione,
s-metolachlo+pyroxasulfone+mesotrione, s-metolachlo+pyroxasulfone+tembotrione,
s-metolachlo+pyroxasulfone+sulcotrione shows synergistic effect in terms of total
weed control i.e. grasses, broadleaf weeds and sedges.
Example 2: Bioefficacy and Phytotoxicity in wheat crop
Crop & Variety : Wheat, HD 2967
Experimental design : Randomized block design (R.B.D)
Replications : Three
PTIN/0018248
Page 37 of 49
No. of Treatments : 12 (trial 1) and 8 (trial 2)
Plot size : 50 sq. mt.
Application Time : 1 DAS (Days after transplanting)
Observations : 20 and 40 DAA for Phytotoxicity and bioefficacy
Spray Volume : 500 liter water per hectare
Application Equipment : Manually operated knap sack sprayer fitted with flat
fat nozzle
Experimental Methodology : Same as in Example 1
Table 5: Phytotoxicity in wheat crop (trial 1)
Treatment Details Formulation
(ml or g per h)
Active
Ingredient
(g/h)
Yellowing Stunting
20
DAS
40
DAS
20
DAS
40
DAS
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin 30%
EC+Metribuzin 70% WP
782+2500+107 750+750+75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin 30%
EC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WG
782+2500+88 750+750+75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pendimethalin 30% EC 782+2500 750+750 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Metribuzin 70% WP 782+107 750+75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WG 782+88 750+75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pendimethalin 30%
EC+Metribuzin 70% WP 2500+107 750+75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pendimethalin 30%
EC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WG 2500+88 750+75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96% EC 782 750 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pendimethalin 30% EC 2500 750 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Metribuzin 70% WP 107 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pyroxasulfone 85% WG 88 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Unweeded control 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
ml- milli liter, g- gram, h-hectare, DAS- Days After Sowing, EC- Emulsifiable Concentrate, WGWater
Dispersible Granule, WP- Wettable Powder
Table 6: Phytotoxicity in wheat crop (trial 2)
Treatment Details Formulation
(ml or g per h)
Active
Ingredient
(g/h)
Leaf
Burning Stunting
20
DAS
40
DAS
20
DAS
40
DAS
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG+Metribuzin 70% WP
625+79+114 600+67+80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
PTIN/0018248
Page 38 of 49
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WG 625+79 600+67 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96%
EC+Metribuzin 70% WP 625+114 600+80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pyroxasulfone 85%
WG+Metribuzin 70% WP 79+114 67+80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
S-Metolachlor 96% EC 625 600 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Pyroxasulfone 85% WG 79 67 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Metribuzin 70% WP 114 80 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Unweeded control 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
ml- milli liter, g- gram, h-hectare, DAS- Days After Sowing, EC- Emulsifiable Concentrate, WGWater
Dispersible Granule, WP- Wettable Powder
The field trials results presented in table 5 and table 6 shows that inventive synergistic
combinations does not shows any kind of Phytotoxicity to the wheat crop.
Table 7: Bioefficacy against Phalaris minor (grass) and broad leaf weeds in wheat
crop (trial 1)
Treatment Details Formulation
(ml or g per h)
Active
Ingredient
(g/h)
% Weed
Control
Observed
% Weed
Control
Expected
Colby Ratio
o/e
20
DAA
40
DAA
20
DAA
40
DAA
20
DAA
40
DAA
S-Metolachlor
96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30%
EC+Metribuzin
70% WP
782+2500+107 750+750+75 88.8 97.4 74.92 88.49 1.19 1.10
S-Metolachlor
96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30%
EC+Pyroxasulfone
85% WG
782+2500+88 750+750+75 90.6 98.2 79.93 90.00 1.13 1.09
S-Metolachlor
96%
EC+Pendimethalin
30% EC
782+2500 750+750 67.6 77.4 68.34 78.36 0.99 0.99
S-Metolachlor
96%
EC+Metribuzin
70% WP
782+107 750+75 60.4 74.8 59.29 76.70 1.02 0.98
S-Metolachlor
96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone
85% WG
782+88 750+75 68.4 78.8 67.41 79.76 1.01 0.99
Pendimethalin
30% 2500+107 750+75 56.2 73.2 51.21 73.72 1.10 0.99
PTIN/0018248
Page 39 of 49
EC+Metribuzin
70% WP
Pendimethalin
30%
EC+Pyroxasulfone
85% WG
2500+88 750+75 64.2 76.2 60.95 77.18 1.05 0.99
S-Metolachlor
96% EC 782 750 48.6 56.2
Pendimethalin
30% EC 2500 750 38.4 50.6
Metribuzin 70%
WP 107 75 20.8 46.8
Pyroxasulfone
85% WG 88 75 36.6 53.8
Unweeded control 0 0 0.0 0.0
ml- milli liter, g- gram, h-hectare, DAS- Days After Sowing, EC- Emulsifiable Concentrate, WGWater
Dispersible Granule, WP- Wettable Powder
Table 8: Bioefficacy against Phalaris minor (grass) and broad leaf weeds in wheat
crop (trial 2)
Treatment Details
Formulation
(ml or g per
h)
Active
Ingredient
(g/h)
% Weed
Control
Observed
% Weed
Control
Expected
Colby Ratio
o/e
20
DAA
40
DAA
20
DAA
40
DAA
20
DAA
40
DAA
S-Metolachlor
96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone
85%
WG+Metribuzin
70% WP
625+79+114 600+67+80 92.4 97.2 83.22 91.65 1.11 1.06
S-Metolachlor
96%
EC+Pyroxasulfone
85% WG
625+79 600+67 80.8 92.6 73.61 81.78 1.10 1.13
S-Metolachlor
96%
EC+Metribuzin
70% WP
625+114 600+80 65.4 78.6 66.16 79.94 0.99 0.98
Pyroxasulfone
85%
WG+Metribuzin
70% WP
79+114 67+80 68.2 80.2 68.45 80.95 1.00 0.99
S-Metolachlor
96% EC 625 600 46.8 56.2
Pyroxasulfone
85% WG 79 67 50.4 58.4
Metribuzin 70%
WP 114 80 36.4 54.2
PTIN/0018248
Page 40 of 49
Unweeded control 0 0 0.0 0.0
ml- milli liter, g- gram, h-hectare, DAS- Days After Sowing, EC- Emulsifiable Concentrate, WGWater
Dispersible Granule, WP- Wettable Powder
The field trials results presented in table 3 and table 4 shows that inventive synergistic
combination of S-Metolachlor+ Pendimethalin+Metribuzin,, S-Metolachlor +
Pendimethalin +Pyroxasulfone and S-Metolachlor+Pyroxasulfone+Metribuzin
shows synergistic effect in terms of weed control especially against Phalaris minor
and other broadleaf weeds in wheat crop. ,CLAIMS:[CLAIM 1]. An synergistic herbicidal composition comprising
A) S-Metolachlor;
B) one herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone
C) further one more herbicide selected from Mesotrione, Tembotrione,
Sulcotrione, Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone,
Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn,
Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof; and
(D) safeners and one or more other inactive excipients.
[CLAIM 2]. The synergistic composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the
component (A) S-Metolachlor is in ratio of 0.1-80%, component (B)
herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone is in ratio of
0.1 to 50% and component (C) further one more herbicide selected
from Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione, Flumioxazin, Atrazine,
Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl,
Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof
is in ratio of 0.1 to 50% (D) safeners and one or more other inactive
excipients.
[CLAIM 3]. The synergistic composition as claimed in claim 1-2, wherein inactive
excipients are selected from the group consisting of safeners,
dispersant, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent,
suspension aid, anti-microbial agent, thickener, quick coating agent or
sticking agents and buffering agent.
[CLAIM 4]. The synergistic composition as claimed in claim 1-2, wherein safener
is selected from Benoxacor, Dichlormid, Furilazole, Cyometrinil,
Oxabetrinil, Fluxofenim, MG-191, Dymron, Mefenpyr diethyl and
Isoxadifen ethyl.
PTIN/0018248
Page 42 of 49
[CLAIM 5]. The synergistic composition as claimed in claim 1-3, wherein the
formulations comprises of Suspension Concentrate (SC) or ZE
formulation or Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) formulation .
[CLAIM 6]. The formulation comprising the synergistic composition as claimed in
claim 4, wherein the SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation
comprises:
a) (A) component A S-Metolachlor is in ratio of 0.1-80%,
component (B) herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and
Pyroxasulfone is in ratio of 0.1 to 50% and component (C)
further one more herbicide selected from Mesotrione,
Tembotrione, Sulcotrione, Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin,
Pyroxasulfone, Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl,
Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl, Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts
thereof is in ratio of 0.1 to 50%;
b) Acrylic graft copolymer
c) Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol
d) Alkylated naphtalene sulfonate, sodium salt
e) Silicone antifoam
f) 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one
g) Mono Ethylene Glycol
h) Silicon Dioxide
i) Xanthan Gum.
[CLAIM 7]. The formulation comprising the synergistic composition as claimed in
claim 5, wherein process for preparation of SC (Suspension
Concentrate) formulation comprises:
a) Gum Solution should be made 12-18 hour prior to use. Take
required quantity of water, biocide, and defoamer and
homogenize, then slowly add gum powder to it and stir till
complete dissolution.
PTIN/0018248
Page 43 of 49
b) Charge required quantity of DM water need to be taken in
designated vessel for Suspension concentrate production.
c) Add required quantity of Wetting agent, antifreeze, dispersing
agent & suspending agents and homogenize the contents for 45
– 60 minutes using high shear homogenizer.
d) Then add technical and other remaining adjuvants excluding
‘thickener’ are added to it and homogenized to get uniform
slurry ready for grinding.
e) Before grinding half the quantity of antifoam was added and
then material was subjected to grinding in Dyno mill till desired
particle size is achieved.
f) Half quantity of the antifoam was added after grinding process
completes and before sampling for in process analysis.
g) Finally add gum solution to this formulation and send to QC for
quality check.
[CLAIM 8]. The formulation comprising the synergistic composition as claimed in
claim 4, wherein the Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) formulation
comprises:
a) (A) S-Metolachlor is in ratio of 0.1-80%, component (B)
herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone is in
ratio of 0.1 to 50% and component (C) further one more
herbicide selected from Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione,
Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone,
Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl,
Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof is in ratio of
0.1 to 50%;
b) Polyaryl phenol ethoxylate & calcium dodecyl benzene
sulfonate
c) N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone
d) Solvent.
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[CLAIM 9]. The formulation comprising the synergistic composition as claimed in
claim 7, wherein process for preparation of Emulsifiable Concentrate
(EC) formulation comprises:
a) Charge half quantity of solvent and then mix the technical into
this solvent untill completely soluble.
b) Now add surfactants dose as per screening ration.
c) Now add remaining solvent to this mixture.
d) Final product is sent for QC approval.
e) After approval material is packed in requied pack sizes.
[CLAIM 10]. The formulation comprising the synergistic composition as claimed in
claim 4, wherein the ZE formulation comprises:
a) (A) S-Metolachlor is in ratio of 0.1-80%, component (B)
herbicide selected from Pendimethalin and Pyroxasulfone is in
ratio of 0.1 to 50% and component (C) further one more
herbicide selected from Mesotrione, Tembotrione, Sulcotrione,
Flumioxazin, Atrazine, Metribuzin, Pyroxasulfone,
Sulfosulfuron, Halosulfuron Methyl, Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl,
Ametryn, Diuron, Oxyfluorfen and salts thereof is in ratio of
0.1 to 50%
b) Lignosulfonic acid sodium salt, sulfonated Kraft lignin
c) Polyphenylhexyl urea
d) Naphthalene sulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde,
sodium salt
e) Silicone antifoam
f) 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one
g) Ethoxylated Polyaryl Phenol
h) Xanthan Gum
i) Modified polyacrylate copolymer
j) Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate.
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[CLAIM 11]. The formulation comprising the synergistic composition as claimed in
claim 9, wherein the process for preparation of ZE formulation
comprises:
a) process for preparation of CS Formulation comprises:
i. Charge water, surfactants, Magnesium Sulphate
anhydrous slowly and then Silicon Antifoam to the
‘Aqueous Phase’ - reactor and begin agitation until
homogeneous.
ii. Charge the Pendimethalin technical to the reactor and
mix thoroughly and heat the vessel at 60-65 °C.
Afterwards charge the ‘4,4'-methylenediphenyl
diisocyanate’ / ‘Isocyanic acid, methyl-m-phenylene
ester’ to vessel and mix thoroughly for 10-15 minutes.
iii. In the ‘Aqueous Phase’ – reactor, containing the
‘Aqueous Phase’, start heating the vessel at 60-65°C
and start high shear agitation, then charge the ‘Organic
Phase’ to the ‘Aqueous Phase’ – reactor and till required
particle size achieved and then add Amine to this
formulation and stop the high shear agitator, and start
bulk agitation and heat the contents of the reactor to 60-
65°C for 1-2 hours for polymerization step and cooking.
Now, cool the vessel to 40°C or below.
iv. Charge ‘xanthan premix’ to the main formulation vessel
and mix for until homogenous.
v. Now, neutralize the formulation and adjust the pH to
7.0-8.0 and mix thoroughly.
b) process for preparation of SE Formulation
i. Gum Solution should be made 12-18 hour prior to use.
Take required quantity of water, biocide, and defoamer
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and homogenize, then slowly add gum powder to it and
stir till complete dissolution.
ii. Oil Phase: Technical disolved in solvent and emulsifier.
iii. Aqueous phase: Charge 90% of total quanitiy of water
in a vessel and then add preservative and MEG and stirr
well.
iv. Add required quantity of Wetting agent, dispersing
agent & suspending agents and homogenize the
contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear
homogenizer.
v. Then add technical and other remaining adjuvants
excluding ‘antifreeze & thickeners’ are added to it and
homogenized to get uniform.
vi. Now add oil phase in aqueous phase and stirr for 30
minutes using homogenizer.
vii. Before grinding of step no. 6, half quantity of antifoam
was added and then material was subjected to three
cycles of grinding in bead mill.
viii. Half quantity of the antifoam was added along with
antifreeze after grinding process completes and before
sampling for in process analysis.
c) process for preparation of ZE mixing of CS (step a) and SE
(step b)
i. Mix the CS and SE in a vessel and homogenize;
ii. add gum solution to this formulation.
[CLAIM 12]. The synergistic composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims,
wherein the said composition is to be used to manage or control weeds
control of Abutilon indicum, Acalypha indica, Acanthospermum
hispidum, Achyranthes aspera, Aerva tomentosa, Ageratum
conyzoides, Alhagi camelorum, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus
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spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Ammannia baccifera, Anagallis
arvensis, Argemone mexicana, Artemisia nilagiricia, Asphodelus
tenuifolius, Avena fatua, Avena ludoviciana, Bidens pilosa,
Boerhaavia diffusa, Boerhavia repanda, Brachiaria mutica, Brassica
kaber, Bromus tectorum, Calotropis gigantea, Cannabis sativa,
Carthamus axyacantha, Cassia tora, Celosia argentea, Centella asiatica,
Chenopodium album, Chenopodium murale, Chloris barbata,
Chrozophora rottlerii, Cichorium intybus, Cirsium arvense, Clitoria
ternatea, Cnicus arvensis, Commelina benghalensis, Commelina
communis, Convolvulus arvensis, Conyza canadensis, Corchorus
acutangulus, Coronopus didymus, Crotalaria serice, Cucumis callosus,
Cuscuta campestris, Cuscuta chinensis, Cynodon dactylon, Cyanotis
axillaris, Cyperus esculenthus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus rotundus,
Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Datura stramonium, Daucus carota,
Digera arvensis, Digitaria sanguinalis, Dinebra retroflexa, Echinochola
colonum, Echinochola crusgalli, Eclipta alba, Eichhornia crassipes,
Elephantopus scaber, Eleusine indica, Eragrostis major, Euphorbia
geniculata, Euphorbia hirta, Fimbristylis miliacea, Fumaria indica,
Gynandropsis gynandra, Heliotropium indicum, Indigofera glandulosa,
Ipomea aquatica, Lantana camara, Lathyrus aphaca, Launaea
asplenifolia, Launaea nudicaulis, Leucas aspera, Marsilea
quadrifoliata, Medicago denticulate, Mimosa pudica, Melilotus alba,
Melilotus indica, Ocimum canum, Oenothera biennis, Opuntia dillenil,
Orobanche ramosa, Oryza longistaminata, Oryza sativa, Oxalis
corniculata, Oxalis latifolia, Parthenium hysterophorus, Paspalum
sanguinale, Phalaris minor, Phyllanthus niruri, Physalis minima,
Polypogon monspeliensis, Portulaca oleracea, Prosopis juliflora,
Rumex dentatus, Saccharum spontaneum, Stearia glauca, Seteria
viridis, Sida spinosa, Silene antirrhina, Sisymbrium irio, Solanum
nigrum, Solanum surattense, Sonchus oleraceous, Sorghum halepense,
Spergula arvensis, Sphenocleazeylanica Gaertn, Striga asiatica,
Tagetes minuta, Trianthema monogyna, Trianthema portulacastrum,
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Tribulus terrestris, Trigonelia polycerata, Vernonia cinerea, Vicia
sativa and Xanthium strumarium.
[CLAIM 13]. The synergistic composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims,
wherein the said composition control weeds in GMO (Genetically
Modified Organism) and Non GMO varieties of Cotton (Gossypium
spp.), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize
(Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Sugarcane (Saccharum
officinarum) Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea),
Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea
(Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus
cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab
purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum
sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens
culinaris).