DESC:Synergistic Herbicide Combination of Ametryne, Diuron and Halosulfuron-methyl
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising the combination of triazine herbicide, substituted phenyl urea herbicide and substituted sulfonylurea herbicide in EC / WDG / SC / SL / OD / OS / Solid Granules and other formulations in different percentages. More precisely, the subject matter of the present invention is a synergistic herbicidal composition based on a combination of ametryne, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl optionally with at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient which will facilitate in the preparation of desired formulations. The present invention also relates to the process for the preparation of synergistic herbicidal composition thereof and use of this combination for contending weeds and protecting the crop from being affected with such weeds during its growth.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Crop protection is the practice of protecting the crop yields from pests, weeds, plant diseases, and other organisms that damage agricultural crops, which is critical from early stages of crop development. Preventing weed growth in the entire crop cycle, i.e., from root development to maturing crop, leads to increased crop quality and yield. The control of weeds is extremely important in achieving high crop efficiency. Unwanted vegetation causes significant damage to vegetables, fields, cereal, fruit and other crops that compete with crops for nutrients, water, and sunlight leading to reduction in productivity, yield and quality of the crops. Herbicides help to minimize this damage by controlling the growth of weeds. The use of two or more appropriate active ingredient combinations in specific dose ratios leads to synergism in crop protection. In addition to this, often highly destructive weeds can be difficult to control and may develop resistance to commercial herbicides. Many products are commercially available for these purposes, but there is still a continues need to develop new herbicidal combinations which are more effective, less costly, less toxic, environmentally safer and have different sites of action.
The biggest challenge in field of crop protection is to reduce the dosage rate of active ingredients to diminish or circumvent environmental or toxicological effects without compromising on effective crop protection against weeds, in addition to long lasting and broad-spectrum of weed control. Another challenge is to reduce the excessive application of solo chemical compounds or herbicides which invariably helps in rapid selection of weeds and aid in developing natural or adapted resistance against the active compound in question.
Therefore, it is indeed necessary to use the herbicide combinations in lower doses, fast acting with the different mode of action that can provide long lasting control against broad spectrum weed control and check the resistance development in weeds. The composition should have high synergistic action, no cross resistance to existing herbicides, avoid excess loading of the toxicant to the environment and negligible impact to environmental safety. A need also exists for synergistic herbicidal compositions which could be physico-compatible formulations in the form of storage stable, safely packed, ready to use formulation.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The principal object of the present invention is to provide an herbicide mixture or combination which solves at least one of the major problems discussed above like reducing the dosage rate, broadening the spectrum of activity, or combining activity with prolonged weed control and resistance management with improved environmental safety by reducing toxicity and residue deposit in soil and in crops.
The details of one or more embodiments of this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying description below and other features, objects, and advantages will be apparent from the description and the claims.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure / specification refers to a synergistic herbicidal composition and the process for the preparation for crop protection.
The term “combination” can be replaced with the words “mixture” or “composition” defined or refers to as combining two or more active ingredients formulated in desired formulations.
The term “pesticide” as used in this specification refers to a substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest or weeds which causes damage to the crop. Herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides are mainly used as pesticides which control weeds and insect pests and disease-causing pathogens respectively that eventually leads to high yield of crops.
The term “Herbicides” as used in this specification refers to a substance or mixture of substances used to kill, control or eliminate unwanted plants or vegetation, commonly known as weeds that cause economic damage to crops and ornamental plants.
The term “synergism” as used in this specification refers to the interaction between two or more active compounds or other factors to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects. The present invention involves the mixture of two active ingredients which has increased efficacy when compared to individual use and admixture of those components.
The term “Ametryne” can be replaced or referred with the word “Ametryn”.
Conventional herbicides have typical spectrums and effects, are limited to certain weeds only and their controlling activities are sometimes poor and not satisfactorily maintained for prolonged period, and those satisfactory herbicidal effects cannot be practically achieved. Even though some herbicides may bear satisfactory herbicidal effects, they require improvements in respect of environment & health safety and are also demanded to achieve a high herbicidal effect at a smaller dosage and lack of resistance management.
We found that this objective in part or total can be achieved by the combination of active compounds defined at the outset. The present inventors have intensively studied to solve these problems and have found that by combining herbicide composition having ametryne, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl in different formulation and percentages have astonishing effects of controlling weeds and also by reducing amount of dosage than in a case of using an active compound alone and admixture of those compounds.
This combination can be developed in the form of Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC), Dispersible Concentrates (DC), Oil Dispersions (OD), Suspension Concentrates (SC), Soluble Liquids (SL), Suspoemulsion (SE), Emulsion Concentrates (EW), Microemulsions, Wettable Powders (WP), Water-Dispersible Granules (WG), Soluble Powders (SP), Granules (G), Oil Solutions (OS), Aqueous Suspensions (AS), Aqueous Solutions (AS), Microencapsulated Suspensions (ME), and Microencapsulated Emulsions (MEC), mixed formulation of Suspension Concentrate and Capsule Suspension (ZC) and other conventional formulation and with different percentages and can be used as an pre-emergent or early-post or post-emergent herbicidal combination for foliar applications or soil applications. This herbicidal combination can also effectively check the weeds and resistance development of weeds in various crops.
The present invention involves the mixture of three active ingredients which are classified under triazine herbicide, substituted phenyl urea herbicide and substituted sulfonylurea herbicide, described herein thereof.
Triazines are a group of synthetic herbicides that are widely used in agriculture to control the growth of broadleaf weeds and grasses. Ametryne is specifically classified as a triazine herbicide.
Ametryne is a systemic broad spectrum, pre-emergent and post-emergent selective herbicide belonging to the specific s-triazines chemical group which inhibits photosynthetic and other enzymatic processes in weeds. Ametryn is effective against annual broadleaf weeds and grasses. Ametryn labeled for use on field corn, popcorn, pineapple, and sugarcane in the United States in 1964, ametryn (Evik®) is sold as an 80 W formulation. It also is used in banana, citrus, palm, coffee, potato and various other crops for general weed control. Most of the ametryn is used in sugarcane crops.
It controls Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Digitaria sanguinalis, Cynodon dactylon, Ageratum conyzoides, Trianthema monogyna and Parthenium hysterophorus. It has both foliar and soil activity and this way it kills both newly emerged weeds and emerging new weeds from seeds. It effectively protects the sugarcane crop from early phase weed competition for longer period.
Another component, the substituted urea herbicides (SUHs) belong to one of the most important agricultural herbicide groups, wherein substitution of phenyl or sulfonyl chemical groups onto the urea structure differentiates the two of the main types of SUHs. The phenylureas act by inhibiting photosynthesis whereas the sulfonylurea herbicides inhibit the plant enzyme, acetolactate synthase, resulting in impaired branch chain amino acid synthesis.
Diuron is a broad-spectrum, systemic, pre-emergence, early-post and post-emergence herbicide belonging to the substituted phenyl urea herbicide particularly 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea class. Diuron acts by inhibiting photosynthesis in plants primarily affects the photosystem II complex, which is responsible for capturing light energy and driving the synthesis of carbohydrates in plants. By disrupting this process, diuron prevents the growth and development of targeted weeds, ultimately leading to their death.
It controls selected grasses, sedges and broad leaf weeds in cotton, banana, rubber, maize, citrus, sugarcane and grapes crop etc. viz., Amaranthus spp, Chenopodium album, Convolvulas arvensis Setaria glauca, Digitaria sp, Portulaca oleracea, Xanthium strumerium, Anagallis arvensis, Asphodelus temifolius, Euphorbia sp, Visia sativa, Paspalum conjugatum, Commelina benghalensis, Dactyloctenium, Chloris barbata, Eragrostis zeylenica, Cyperus iria, Echinochloa spp, Eleusine sp, Phyllanthus niruri, Tribulus Terristris, Commelina nudiflora, Cocumis trigonus, Cynotis spp, Cleome viscose, Alternanthera echinata, Argemone maxicana, Ipomoea spp, Xanthium strumerium, Fumeria parviflora, Asphodelus tenuifolius, Medicago denticulata, Eleusine aegyptia.
Another component halosulfuron-methyl is a selective, systemic pre-emergence and post emergence herbicide belongs to sulfonylurea class of herbicides for the effective control of broad leaf weeds and sedges in artichoke, beans (including dry), corn, cotton, fallow ground, millet, pome fruits, sorghum (milo), rice, soybeans and/or sugarcane.
Mode of action includes inhibition of acetolactate synthase (ALS) which is the key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of the essential branched chain amino acid viz., valine, isoleucine and leucine amino acids in the weeds. Inhibition of these amino acids results in starvation of the weed plant, yellowing of the leaves and death of the weed nuts.
The present invention provides a novel synergistic herbicide composition having ametryne, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl and purpose thereof. The synergy of herbicidal composition has the main effective components of ametryne, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl. This herbicidal composition acts by interference/inhibition of photosynthetic and associated enzymatic processes and inhibition of acetolactate synthase (ALS) in weeds can generate efficient synergism as a pre-emergence or early-post or post-emergent herbicide and can enable broad spectrum satisfactory weed control and protect the several crop from sedges, grasses and broad leaf weeds for prolonged period of time at lower dose with no phytotoxic effect. It also prevents the weed crop from rejuvenation and further regeneration.
The first embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
a) at least one triazine herbicide;
b) at least one substituted phenyl urea herbicide; and
c) at least one substituted sulfonylurea herbicide.
First aspect of the first embodiment, the triazine herbicide is selected from but not limited the group comprising ametryn, atrazine, cyanazine, desmetryn, metribuzin, prometon, prometryn, propazine, simazine, terbutryn and terbuthylazine; preferably ametryn.
Second aspect of the first embodiment, the substituted phenyl urea herbicide is selected from but not limited the group comprising anisuron, buturon, chlorbromuron, chlortoluron, chloroxuron, difenoxuron, diuron, fenuron, fluometuron, isoproturon, linuron, methiuron, metobromuron, metoxuron, monuron, neburon, parafluron, siduron, tebuthiuron, tetrafluron and thidiazuron; preferably diuron.
Third aspect of the first embodiment, the substituted sulfonylurea herbicide is selected from but not limited the group comprising amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron, chlorimuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flucetosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, mesosulfuron, metazosulfuron, methiopyrisulfuron, monosulfuron, monosulfuron-ester, nicosulfuron, orthosulfamuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, propyrisulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron, sulfosulfuron, trifloxysulfuron; preferably halosulfuron; more preferably halosulfuron-methyl.
Fourth aspect of the first embodiment, synergistic herbicidal composition comprising a combination of triazine herbicide, substituted phenyl urea herbicide and substituted sulfonylurea herbicide; wherein triazine herbicide, substituted phenyl urea herbicide and substituted sulfonylurea herbicide are present in the weight ratio of (1-80): (1-80): (1-80); preferably in the ratio of (1-40): (1-40): (1-40).
The second embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
a) at least one triazine herbicide;
b) at least one substituted phenyl urea herbicide;
c) at least one substituted sulfonylurea herbicide; and
d) at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.
First aspect of the second embodiment, the triazine herbicide is selected from the group comprising ametryn, atrazine, cyanazine, desmetryn, metribuzin, prometon, prometryn, propazine, simazine, terbutryn and terbuthylazine; preferably ametryn.
Second aspect of the second embodiment, the substituted phenyl urea herbicide is selected from the group comprising anisuron, buturon, chlorbromuron, chlortoluron, chloroxuron, difenoxuron, diuron, fenuron, fluometuron, isoproturon, linuron, methiuron, metobromuron, metoxuron, monuron, neburon, parafluron, siduron, tebuthiuron, tetrafluron and thidiazuron; preferably diuron.
Third aspect of the second embodiment, the substituted sulfonylurea herbicide is selected from but not limited the group comprising amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron, chlorimuron, cyclosulfamuron, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flucetosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, mesosulfuron, metazosulfuron, methiopyrisulfuron, monosulfuron, monosulfuron-ester, nicosulfuron, orthosulfamuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, propyrisulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron, sulfosulfuron, trifloxysulfuron; preferably halosulfuron; more preferably halosulfuron-methyl.
Fourth aspect of the second embodiment, synergistic herbicidal composition comprising a combination of triazine herbicide, substituted phenyl urea herbicide and substituted sulfonylurea herbicide; wherein triazine herbicide, substituted phenyl urea herbicide and substituted sulfonylurea herbicide are present in the weight ratio of (1-80): (1-80): (1-80); preferably in the ratio of (1-40): (1-40): (1-40).
Fifth aspect of the second embodiment, agriculturally acceptable excipient selected from but not limited to group comprising of liquid medium, surfactant, stabilizer, anti-freezing agent, antifoaming agent, anticaking agent, dispersing agent and adjuvant. These are selected according to the respective types of formulation requirements, and which will facilitate in the preparation different formulations.
A further aspect of the second embodiment, liquid medium acts as a carrier for the active ingredient and provides a stable environment for suspension.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, surfactant includes wetting agent and emulsifier.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, wetting agent selected from but not limited to alkyl aryl sulfonates, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, alkyl polyglucosides, polyethylene glycol esters, polysorbate, polyethylene oxide (PEO), ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethoxylated vegetable oils, ethoxylated sorbitan esters, propylene glycol esters, sodium lauryl sulfate, cocoamidopropyl betaine and block copolymers selected from the but not limited to styrene-butadiene block copolymer (SBS), butyl based block copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO), polystyrene-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-PEO), poly(butadiene)-poly(styrene) (PB-PS), poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly(butadiene)-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA-PB-PMMA), poly(caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL-PEG) and poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG); preferably butyl based block copolymer or sodium lauryl sulfate.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, stabilizer includes antioxidant, chelating agent, pH adjusters, UV absorber, stabilizing polymers and inert filler.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, inert filler selected from but not limited to kaolin clay, attapulgite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, acid white clay, pyrophyllite, talc, diatomaceous earth and calcite, china clay, corn rachis powder, walnut husk powder, urea, calcium carbonate, ammonium sulfate and silicon oxide; preferably china clay.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, anti-freezing agent selected from but not limited to ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, calcium chloride, sodium acetate, potassium acetate and urea; preferably propylene glycol.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, antifoaming agent selected from but not limited to silicone-based antifoams, polyethylene glycol-based antifoams, mineral oil-based antifoams, ethylene glycol-based antifoams, polysorbate-based antifoams, dimethicone-based antifoams, polypropylene glycol-based antifoams, vegetable oil-based antifoams, alkyl siloxane-based antifoams and fatty acid-based antifoams; preferably alkyl siloxane-based antifoams; more preferably siloxane polyalkyleneoxide.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, anticaking agent selected from but not limited to silica-based compounds includes silicon dioxide (silica), precipitated silica (amorphous form of silicon dioxide), calcium silicate, magnesium stearate, sodium aluminosilicate, potassium aluminium silicate, tricalcium phosphate, sodium ferrocyanide, calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth and sodium bicarbonate; preferably precipitated silica.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, dispersing agent selected from but not limited to polyethylene glycol, polysorbate, poly acrylate, poly(methyl methacrylate), polyvinyl alcohol, poly ethoxylated alcohol, poly ethoxylated fatty acids, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alkyl sulfonates, aryl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sorbitan esters (e.g., sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monooleate), gum arabic and carbomer and/or their comb polymers; preferably sodium naphthalene sulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate or combination.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, adjuvant includes but not limited to spreader, sticker, penetrant, drift control agent, preservative, buffering agent, thickener, compatibility agent, binders and safener.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, thickener selected from but not limited to polysaccharides/carboxymethyl cellulose/bentonite clay, hydroxy propyl cellulose montmorillonite, bentonite, magnesium aluminium silicate and attapulgite; preferably water-soluble polysaccharides.
Further aspect of the second embodiment, antibacterial agent selected from but not limited to triclosan, triclocarban, clotrimazole, miconazole, copper-based compounds, chlorothalonil, benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT), 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT) and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt (DBSA); preferably benzisothiazolin-3-one (BIT).
The third embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
a) ametryn;
b) diuron; and
c) halosulfuron-methyl.
First aspect of the third embodiment, synergistic herbicidal composition comprising a combination of ametryn, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl; wherein ametryn, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl are present in the weight ratio of (1-80): (1-80): (1-80); preferably in the ratio of (1-40): (1-40): (1-40); more preferably in the ratio of (1-40): (1-20): (1-20).
The second aspect of the third embodiment, the composition of the third embodiment comprising at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient thereof which is / are used in preparation desired formulation.
The further aspect of the third embodiment, the composition of the third embodiment is formulated as suspension concentrates (SC).
A further aspect of the third embodiment, the composition of the third embodiment is formulated as wettable powder (WP).
The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
a) ametryn;
b) diuron;
c) halosulfuron-methyl;
d) sodium lauryl sulfate;
e) china clay;
f) precipitated silica;
g) sodium naphthalene sulfonate; and
h) sodium lignosulfonate.
First aspect of the fourth embodiment, synergistic herbicidal composition comprising a combination of ametryn, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl; wherein ametryn, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl are present in the weight ratio of (1-80): (1-80): (1-80); preferably in the ratio of (1-40): (1-40): (1-40); more preferably in the ratio of (1-40): (1-20): (1-20).
The further aspect of the fourth embodiment, the composition of the fourth embodiment is formulated as wettable powder (WP).
The fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
a) ametryn;
b) diuron;
c) halosulfuron-methyl;
d) butyl based block copolymer;
e) propylene glycol;
f) siloxane polyalkyleneoxide;
g) comb polymer;
h) polysaccharides; and
i) benzisothiazolin-3-one.
First aspect of the fifth embodiment, synergistic herbicidal composition comprising a combination of ametryn, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl; wherein ametryn, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl are present in the weight ratio of (1-80): (1-80): (1-80); preferably in the ratio of (1-40): (1-40): (1-40); more preferably in the ratio of (1-40): (1-20): (1-20).
Further aspect of the fifth embodiment, the composition of the fifth embodiment is formulated as suspension concentrates (SC).
Another embodiment of present invention provides a process for the preparation of an herbicidal formulation comprising:
a) add china clay into the pre blender.
b) add ametryn, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl into the same blender and mix well until a homogenous mixture is obtained,
c) add wetting agent, dispersing agents and anticaking agent into the above mixture and mix well.
d) after mixing the above material, optionally mill or grind to get the desired particle size and remove any oversized particles or agglomerate,
e) Then material is transferred into the post blender and mixed well until a homogenous mixture is obtained.
f) Pack the formulation and seal it.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic herbicidal composition of present invention used in defined dose rations shows effective weed control in broad spectrum of weeds and increases the crop yield, quality, lesser dose rations and shows no phytotoxicity compared to single components, admixture of those two component and other available market standards. By this the herbicidal composition of present invention archives synergistic effect along with economical value product and improved environmental safety by reducing toxicity and residue deposit in soil and in crops.
Another embodiment of the present invention, a method of controlling annual grasses, sedges and broad leaf weeds comprising synergistic herbicidal composition applying to the location of weed in effective amount.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the herbicidal composition obtained from the present invention is used to control broadleaf weeds, sedges and annual grasses in rice, wheat, fruits, roots, tubers, vegetables, maize, grains, sugarcane, cereals, field crops and various other crops for general weed control.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the herbicidal composition obtained from the present shows synergistic effects of better weed control with minimum herbicidal resistance and improved crop yield and quality.
Another embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic herbicidal composition can be applied to pre-emergence, early post-emergence or post-emergence stages by conventional spraying methods, such as foliar application etc., over the target areas of weeds or vegetation at same time avoiding excessive drift or runoff of the composition securing thorough coverage.
Advantages of Present Invention:
1. The synergistic herbicidal composition of present invention can be used in pre-emergence, early post-emergence or post-emergence stages for effective weed control to increase the yield of crops compare to single component of composition and market standards. This will help the farmers in controlling weeds in the entire crop cycle.
2. The novel, innovative and synergistic herbicidal composition of present invention provides better weed management in agricultural and non-agricultural fields.
3. The synergistic herbicidal composition of present invention is effective against broader spectrum of unwanted weeds compared to single component and market standards without any environmental pollution.
4. The synergistic herbicidal composition of the present invention avoids or reduces the damage of crops and shows no phytotoxicity.
The best mode of carrying present invention is described in the below given examples. These examples are merely for illustrative purpose only, not to determine the scope of the invention and in no way limit the scope or spirit of the present invention.
EXAMPLES:
EXAMPLE 1: SUSPENSION CONCENTRATES (SC) FORMULATION OF SYNERGISTIC HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION:
TABLE 1:
S. No Ingredient Weight / Weight %
1 Ametryn 30
2 Diuron 15
3 Halosulfuron-methyl 1
4 Block copolymer 2.5
5 Propylene Glycol 5
6 Siloxane polyalkyleneoxide 0.5
7 Comb polymer 2.5
8 Polysaccharides 0.3
9 Benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.1
10 Water QS
Total 100

EXAMPLE 1.1: WETTABLE POWDER FORMULATION OF SYNERGISTIC HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION:
TABLE 2:
S. No Ingredient Weight / Weight %
1 Ametryn 30
2 Diuron 15
3 Halosulfuron-methyl 1
4 Sodium lauryl sulfate 10
5 Precipitated silica 10
6 Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate 3
7 Sodium lignosulfonate 2
8 China clay QS
Total 100
EXAMPLE 2.1: PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF SUSPENSION CONCENTRATES (SC) OF SYNERGISTIC HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION:
Add water, diuron, ametryn and halosulfuron-methyl into the pre blender in the above-mentioned ratios and mix well until a homogenous mixture is obtained. Add wetting agent, anti-freezing, dispersing agent, anti-bacterial agent and antifoaming agent in the above-mentioned ratios into the above mixture and mix well. Optionally mill or grind to get the desired particle size. Then add thickener to the above obtained material mixed well until to get the homogenous mixture with desired viscosity.
EXAMPLE 2.2: PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF WETTABLE POWDER OF SYNERGISTIC HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION:
Add china clay, diuron, ametryn and halosulfuron-methyl into the pre blender in the above-mentioned ratios and mix well until a homogenous mixture is obtained. Add zinc, wetting agent, dispersing agents, anticaking agent and superior absorption agent in the above-mentioned ratios into the above mixture and mix well. Then material is transferred into the post blender and mixed well until a homogenous mixture is obtained.
EXAMPLE 3: BIO EFFICACY AND PHYTOTOXICITY TESTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present example elucidates the efficacy of ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron methyl in SC formulation against grasses, broad-leaved weeds, and sedges as post emergent herbicide in sugarcane and to test phytotoxicity of the molecule on the crop after two sprayings have been conducted. Along with halosulfuron, ametryne + diuron mixture enhances the crop quality along with managing weeds due to their multi-mode action of synergistic activity. Even though ametryne and diuron effectively manage the weeds, but halosulfuron methyl has higher efficacy towards controlling sedges. The combination is the mixture of three herbicides which have synergistic effect on mixed weed flora while effectively managing sedges was tested at three dose levels viz., low, medium, and high along with individual treatments and their efficiency comparison is done with the current competitive market standards. The combination is tested at two different formulation strengths i.e., ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 1% SC formulation and ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 0.4% SC formulation. To justify the results the overall effect and other parameters are calculated over untreated check. The sugarcane crop is first divided into plots of sizes 5m x 15m into 75m2 plots for each treatment and replicated three times following randomized block design. The spraying method was foliar application with the help of a knapsack sprayer and two sprays are done in sugarcane at 2-4 weed leaf stage. The interval between two sprays is 30 days.

EXAMPLE: 3.1
Table 1. Efficacy of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 1% SC formulation against grassy weeds:
Treatments Dose / ha
(gm/L) Pre-count 7 DAS 14 DAS 28 DAS 35 DAS Average Percent Weed Control

D.s C.b D.s C.b D.s C.b D.s C.b D.s C.b D.s C.b D.s C.b
Diuron + Ametryne+ Halosulfuron SC 3745 47 15 0 0 3 2 2 1 3 3 2 1.5 96.98 96.00
Diuron + Ametryne+ Halosulfuron SC 5000 41 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0.5 0.5 99.25 98.67
Diuron + Ametryne+ Halosulfuron SC 6249 53 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.25 0.25 99.62 99.33
Diuron 80%WP 4000 45 16 25 9 19 8 11 4 6 6 15.25 6.75 76.98 82.00
Ametryne 80%WDG 2500 45 19 9 4 6 1 20 5 12 8 11.75 4.5 82.26 88.00
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG 90 48 17 5 3 3 1 7 5 11 9 6.5 4.5 90.19 88.00
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 3500 43 18 11 2 7 4 29 4 9 7 14 4.25 78.87 88.67
Topramezone10g/L +
Atrazine 300G/L SC 3000 47 14 9 2 5 4 22 2.5 19 6 13.75 3.62 79.25 90.33
Untreated Control -- 45 19 52 25 62 34 71 41 80 50 66.25 37.5
D.s - Digitaria sanguinalis
C. b - Chloris barbata
*DAS-Days After Spray
The results are presented in Table 1. indicates that the grassy weed population before spraying ranged between 41-53 weeds/sq.m in D. sanguinalis and 13-19 weeds/sq.m in C. barbata. After the application of different herbicide treatments, the herbicide combination treatments ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 5000gm/ha and 6249 gm/ha showed maximum reduction in weed population of 0 weeds/m2 at 7, 14 and 28 days after spraying and 1-2 weeds/m2 at 35 days after spraying in both weed species viz., D. sanguinalis and C. barbata. The average weeds population after the entire spraying was recorded the lowest in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 6249 ml/ha with 0.25 D.sanguinalis weeds/m2 and 0.25 C. barbata weeds/m2 followed by ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 5000 ml/ha with 0.50 D.sanguinalis weeds/m2 and 0.50 C. barbata weeds/m2 which were performing superior to market standards. The percentage of weed control recorded in all the treatments proved that ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6249 ml/ha were showing maximum weed control 99.62% (D.sanguinalis) and 99.33% (C. barbata) and at 5000 ml/ha recorded 99.25% (D.sanguinalis) and 98.67% (C. barbata) of weed control there by proving that these molecules when applied in combination at the doses of 6249, 5000 gm/ha showed synergistic activity and weeds control was superior to market standard. Even the treatment ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 3745 ml/ha (lowest dose of the herbicide combination) also showed percent weed control of 96.98% (D. sanguinalis) and 96% (C. barbata) which is also superior to the market standard.
Table 2. Efficacy of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 1% SC formulation against broad leaved weeds:
Treatments Dose /Ha
(Gm/L) Pre-Count 7 DAS 14 DAS 28 DAS 35 DAS Average Percent Weed Control
T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 3745 127 21 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 11 15 3.25 2.75 3.75 98.05 94.27 93.70
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5000 145 25 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 9 10 2.5 2.25 2.5 98.50 95.31 95.80
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 6249 138 24 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 6 0.75 1 1.5 99.55 97.92 97.48
Diuron 80%WP 4000 128 27 35 51 5 9 21 3 11 26 7 13 15 9 11 28.25 6 11 83.03 87.50 81.51
Ametryne 80%WDG 2500 125 30 33 63 7 6 14 2 12 18 5 18 13 14 11 27 7 11.75 83.78 85.42 80.25
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG 90 128 27 35 22 2 5 10 2 2 15 7 8 21 13 14 17 6 7.25 89.79 87.50 87.82
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 3500 130 25 32 74 13 10 12 9 14 23 16 22 22 17 14 32.75 13.75 15 80.33 71.35 74.79
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC 3000 135 28 35 108 15 24 74 11 28 85 15 34 14 12 16 70.25 13.25 25.5 57.81 72.40 57.14
Untreated Control -- 141 29 34 152 34 41 159 41 56 171 55 66 184 62 75 166.5 48 59.5
T. p - Trianthema portulacastrum
P. o - Portulaca oleracea
A. v - Amaranthus viridis
*DAS-Days After Spray
The broad-leaved weeds species identified in the sugarcane field were Trianthema portulacastrum, Portulaca oleracea and Amaranthus viridis. The population before spraying ranged between 125-145 weeds/m2 in T. portulacastrum, 21-30 weeds/m2 in P. oleracea and 30-37 weeds/ m2 in A. viridis. After the application of different herbicide treatments, the herbicide combination treatments ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 5000gm/ha and 6249 gm/ha showed maximum reduction in weed population of 0 weeds/m2 at 7, 14 and 28 days after spraying and 3-10 weeds/m2, 4-9 weeds/m2 and 6-10 weeds/m2 at 35 days after spraying in the three weed species viz., T. portulacastrum, P. oleracea and A. viridis. The average weeds population after the entire spraying was recorded as the lowest in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 6249 ml/ha with 0.75 T. portulacastrum weeds/m2, 1 P. oleracea weeds/m2 and 1. 5 A. viridis; followed by ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 5000 ml/ha with 2.5 T. portulacastrum weeds/m2, 2.25 P. oleracea weeds/m2 and 2.5 A. viridis which were performing superior to market standards. The percent weed control recorded in all the treatments proved that ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6249 ml/ha were showing maximum weed control 99.50% (T. portulacastrum), 97.92% (P. oleracea) and 97.48% (A. viridis) and at 5000 ml/ha recorded 98.50% (T. portulacastrum) 95.31% (P. oleracea) and 95.80% (A. viridis) of weed control there by proving that these molecules when applied in combination at the doses of 6250, 5000 gm/ha showed synergistic activity and weeds control superior to market standard. Even the treatment ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 3745 ml/ha (lowest dose of the herbicide combination) also showed percent weed control of 98.05% (T. portulacastrum) 94.27% (P. oleracea) and 93.70% (A. viridis) which is also superior to the market standard (Table 2.).
Table 3. Efficacy of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 1% SC formulation against Sedges (Cyperus iria):
Treatments Dose / ha
(gm/L) Pre-Count 7 DAS 14 DAS 28 DAS 35 DAS Average Percent Weed Control
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 3745 47 5 13 21 30 17.25 75.44
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5000 45 2 9 17 26 13.5 80.78
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 6249 46 1 5 12 17 8.75 87.54
Diuron 80%WP 4000 44 7 9 16 34 16.5 76.51
Ametryne 80%WDG 2500 48 9 11 19 40 19.75 71.89
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG 90 46 8 11 21 38 19.5 72.24
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 3500 43 10 12 23 40 21.25 69.75
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC 3000 47 11 15 25 45 24 65.84
Untreated Control -- 45 52 64 78 87 70.25
C.i – Cyperus iria
*DAS-Days After Spray

The sedge weed species were well known for the difficulty in their control and took their place as one of the most noxious weeds in all the different weed species available in the field level. The sedges found in the sugarcane field in this experiment belong to a single species i.e., Cyperus iria. The population before spraying ranged between 43-48 weeds/m2. After the application of different herbicide treatments, the herbicide combination treatments ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6249 gm/ha and 5000gm/ha showed maximum reduction in weed population of 1-2 weeds/m2 at 7 days after spraying, 5-9 weeds/m2 in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron the doses of 6250 ml/ha and 5000 ml/ha. The weed population when ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron applied at 6249 ml/ha and 5000 ml/ha at 14 days after spraying recorded 5 weeds/m2 and 9 weeds/m2. At 28 and 35 days after spraying recorded 12 weeds/m2 and 17 weeds/m2 applied at 6249 ml/ha and 17 weeds/m2 and 26 weeds/m2 in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 5000 ml/ha in the weed species viz., C. iria. The average weeds population after the entire spraying was recorded the lowest in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 6250 ml/ha with 8.75 weeds/m2 and followed by ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 5000 ml/ha with 13.5 weeds/m2 which were performing superior to market standards. The percent weed control recorded in all the treatments proved that ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6250 ml/ha were showing maximum weed control 87.54% and at 5000 ml/ha recorded 80.78% of weed control. The weeds when sprayed with individual molecule separately recorded low percent weed control viz.,71.89%, 72.24% and 76.51% there by proving that these molecules when applied in combination at the doses of 6250, 5000 gm/ha showed synergistic activity and weeds control superior to market standard. Even the treatment ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 3750 ml/ha (lowest dose of the herbicide combination) also showed percent weed control of 75.44% which is also superior to the market standard (Table 3.).

Table 4. Phytotoxicity of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 1% SC formulation on Sugarcane crop:
Treatments DAS Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein
Clearing Leaf Tip /
Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Halosulfuron Methyl
75% WG 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diuron 80%WP 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ametryne 80%WDG 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated Check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
*DAS-Days After Spray
The phytotoxicity effect of the herbicide combination i.e., ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron SC on sugarcane crop was tested after 5 and 10 days after spraying. The crop was checked for symptoms like yellowing, necrosis, wilting, vein clearing, leaf tip or leaf margin dying and stunting or dwarfing of plants. After thorough observations, it could be concluded that the crop did not show any symptoms of phytotoxicity. Therefore, the present herbicide combination at the given strength can be considered a safe molecule (Table 4.).

Table 5. Effect of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 1% SC formulation on crop quality:
Treatments Dose/ha (gms/ml) Cane yield (t/ha) Cane length Cane diameter (cms) No. millable shoots –
000 per ha Sugar content
(% Brix)

Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 3745 83 293 2.75 106 20
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5000 85 301 2.9 112 21.4
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 6249 88 325 3.8 124 22
Diuron 80%WP 4000 78 229 2.5 102 19
Ametryne 80%WDG 2500 74 238 2.8 100 18.6
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG 90 81 294 2.7 103 20
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 3500 58 201 2.2 97 18.89
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC 3000 68 220 2.4 90 16
Untreated Control -- 48 190 1.7 78 13
The cane yield among different herbicide treatments showed that ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6249 ml/ha, 5000 ml/ha and 3745 ml/ha recorded the highest cane yield of 88 t/ha, 85 t/ha and 83 t/ha which shows that the herbicidal combination when applied at three different doses viz., low, medium, and high have similar positive effect on the cane yield of sugarcane crop. While the same herbicides when applied alone i.e., diuron 80 SC @ 4000ml/ha gave 78 t/ha, ametryne 80 WDG @ 2500 ml/ha gave 74 t/ha and haloulfuron methyl 75 WG @ 90 gm/ha gave 81 t/ha yield. The cane length and cane diameter were also recorded highest just as in the case of cane yield. The highest length of cane was in the treatment ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron SC @6249ml/ha with 325cm long cane in followed by ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron SC @5000ml/ha with 301cm long cane. Similar trend was followed in cane diameter with 3.8cm and 2.9cm diameter in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6249ml/ha, 5000ml/ha. The number of millable shoots (000’ ha-1) was also recorded the highest as 124, 112 in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6249ml/ha, 5000ml/ha. The sugar content was recorded highest in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6249ml/ha, 5000ml/ha and 3245ml/ha viz., 22%, 21.40% and 20% respectively. It is evident based on the results the herbicide combination has a synergistic effect when applied together especially the role of halosulfuron methyl in the combinational mixture improved the cane quality in the current case while effectively managing the weed flora mainly stubborn species like sedges (Table 5.).
EXAMPLE: 3.2
Table 6. Efficacy of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 0.4% SC formulation against grassy weeds:
Treatments Dose/ha
(gm/L) Pre-Count 7 DAS 14 DAS 28 DAS 35 DAS Average Percent Weed Control
D.s C.b D.s C.b D.s C.b D.s C.b D. s C.b D. s C. b D. s C. b
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 3794 44 13 0 0 1 2 2 4 9 12 3 4.5 96.17 91.30
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5066 38 11 0 0 0 0 1 1 4 5 1.25 1.5 98.40 97.10
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 6331 50 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0.75 0.5 99.04 99.03
Diuron 80%WP 4000 42 14 22 10 15 7 21 9 26 13 21 9.75 73.16 81.16
Ametryne 80%WDG 2500 42 17 14 8 10 5 15 12 29 30 17 13.75 78.27 73.43
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG 90 49 19 7 5 5 2 11 8 14 12 9.25 6.75 88.18 86.96
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 3500 40 16 11 6 9 4 16 9 31 18 16.75 9.25 78.59 82.13
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC 3000 44 12 10 10 9 5 18 11 32 28 17.25 13.5 77.96 73.91
Untreated Control -- 48 20 58 39 74 46 81 54 100 68 78.25 51.75
D.s - Digitaria sanguinalis
C. b - Chloris barbata
*DAS-Days After Spray
The results are presented in Table 6. indicate that the grassy weed population before spraying ranged between 40-50 weeds/sq.m in D. sanguinalis and 11-20 weeds/sq.m in C. barbata. After the application of different herbicide treatments, the herbicide combination treatments ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331 gm/ha and 5066 gm/ha showed maximum reduction in weed population of 0 weeds/m2 at 7, 14 and the weed population remained 0 at 28 days after spraying while at 5066 ml/ha dose 1 weed/m2 was recorded and 3-4 weeds/m2 and 2-5 weeds/m2 at 35 days after spraying in both weed species viz., D. sanguinalis and C. barbata. The average weeds population after the entire spraying was recorded he lowest in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 6331 ml/ha with 0.75 D.sanguinalis weeds/m2 and 0.50 C. barbata weeds/m2 followed by ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 5066 ml/ha with 1.25 D.sanguinalis weeds/m2 and 1.50 C. barbata weeds/m2 which were performing superior to market standards. The percent weed control recorded in all the treatments proved that ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331 ml/ha were showing maximum weed control 99.04% (D.sanguinalis) and 99.03% (C. barbata) and at 5066 ml/ha recorded 98.40% (D.sanguinalis) and 97.10% (C. barbata) of weed control there by proving that these molecules when applied in combination at the doses of 6331, 5066 gm/ha showed synergistic activity and weeds control was superior to market standard. Even the treatment ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 3794 ml/ha (lowest dose of the herbicide combination) also showed percent weed control of 96.17% (D. sanguinalis) and 91.30% (C. barbata) which is also superior to the market standard (Table 6.).
Table 7. Efficacy of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 0.4% SC formulation against broad leaved weeds:
Treatments Dose / ha
(gm/L) Pre-Count 7 DAS 14 DAS 28 DAS 35 DAS Average Percent Weed Control
T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v T.p P.o A.v
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 3794 144 25 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 9 13 11 18 3.25 3.25 6.75 98.15 94.35 93.02
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5066 146 30 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 10 9 15 2.5 2.75 5.25 98.58 95.22 94.57
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 6331 141 29 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 5 4 9 1.25 1.25 3 99.29 97.83 96.90
Diuron 80%WP 4000 138 32 39 55 9 13 24 12 17 32 15 23 40 27 51 37.75 15.75 26 78.52 72.61 73.13
Ametryne 80%WDG 2500 135 35 37 67 11 10 17 14 14 25 21 28 33 34 41 35.5 20 23.25 79.80 65.22 75.97
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG 90 131 30 38 25 5 8 13 5 6 18 11 12 25 16 17 20.25 9.25 10.75 88.48 83.91 88.89
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 3500 140 35 36 78 17 14 15 20 18 23 25 22 32 37 44 37 24.75 24.5 78.95 56.96 74.68
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC 3000 148 33 39 112 19 28 77 23 32 85 28 44 94 42 98 92 28 50.5 47.65 51.30 47.80
Untreated Control -- 147 34 38 165 48 53 171 51 66 179 59 73 188 72 195 175.75 57.5 96.75
T. p - Trianthema portulacastrum
P. o - Portulaca oleracea
A. v - Amaranthus viridis
*DAS-Days After Spray
The broad-leaved weeds species identified in the sugarcane field were Trianthema portulacastrum, Portulaca oleracea and Amaranthus viridis. The population before spraying ranged between 131-148 weeds/m2 in T. portulacastrum, 25-35 weeds/m2 in P. oleracea and 34-41 weeds/ m2 in A. viridis. After the application of different herbicide treatments, the herbicide combination treatments ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331 gm/ha showed maximum reduction in weed population at 7 days after spraying, and 14 days after spraying was 0 weeds/m2 and 0 weeds/m2, 1 weeds/m2 and 3 weeds/m2 at 28 days after spraying and 3 weeds/m2, 5 weeds/m2 and 4 weeds/m2 at 35 days after spraying in the three weed species viz., T. portulacastrum, P. oleracea and A. viridis. The average weeds population after the entire spraying was recorded the lowest in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 6331 ml/ha with 1.25 T. portulacastrum weeds/m2, 1.25 P. oleracea weeds/m2 and 3 A. viridis; followed by ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 5066 ml/ha with 2.5 T. portulacastrum weeds/m2, 2.75 P. oleracea weeds/m2 and 5.25 A. viridis which were performing superior to market standards. The percentage of weed control recorded in all the treatments proved that ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331 ml/ha were showing maximum weed control 99.29% (T. portulacastrum), 97.83% (P. oleracea) and 96.90% (A. viridis). At 5066 ml/ha recorded 98.58% (T. portulacastrum), 95.22% (P. oleracea) and 94.57% (A. viridis) of weed control there by proving that these molecules when applied in combination at the doses of 6331, 5066 ml/ha showed synergistic activity and weeds control superior to market standard (Table 7.).
Table 8. Efficacy of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 0.4% SC formulation against Sedges (Cyperus iria).
Treatments Dose/ha
(gm/L) Pre-Count 7 DAS 14 DAS 28 DAS 35 DAS Average Percent Weed Control
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 3794 50 5 10 19 25 14.75 81.09
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5066 48 2 6 15 21 11 85.90
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 6331 49 1 3 11 20 8.75 88.78
Diuron 80%WP 4000 47 10 15 27 34 21.5 72.44
Ametryne 80%WDG 2500 51 12 17 29 40 24.5 68.59
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG 90 50 7 9 17 29 15.5 80.13
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 3500 47 13 21 33 41 27 65.38
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC 3000 50 14 25 35 45 29.75 61.86
Untreated Control -- 48 61 74 85 92 78
C.i – Cyperus iria
*DAS-Days After Spray
The sedge weed population recorded in this experiment belongs to a single species i.e., Cyperus iria. The population before spraying ranged between 43-48 weeds/m2. After the application of different herbicide treatments, the herbicide combination treatments ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331 gm/ha and 5066gm/ha showed maximum reduction in weed population of 1-2 weeds/m2 at 7 days after spraying, 3-6 weeds/m2 in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron the doses of 6331 ml/ha and 5066 ml/ha. The weed population when ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron applied at 6331 ml/ha and 5066 ml/ha at 14 days after spraying recorded 11 weeds/m2 and 21 weeds/m2. At 28 and 35 days after spraying recorded 11 weeds/m2 and 20 weeds/m2 applied at 6331 ml/ha and 15 weeds/m2 and 26 weeds/m2 in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 5066 ml/ha in the weed species viz., C. iria. The average weeds population after the entire spraying was recorded the lowest in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 6331 ml/ha with 8.75 weeds/m2 and followed by ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron @ 5066 ml/ha with 11 weeds/m2 which were performing superior to market standards. The percentage of weed control recorded in all the treatments proved that ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331 ml/ha showed maximum weed control 88.78% and at 5066 ml/ha recorded 85.90% of weed control. The weeds when sprayed with individual molecule separately recorded low percent weed control viz.,72.44%, 68.59% and 80.13% there by proving that these molecules when applied in combination at the doses of 6331, 5066 gm/ha showed synergistic activity and weeds control superior to market standard. Even the treatment ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 3794 ml/ha (lowest dose of the herbicide combination) also showed percent weed control of 81.09% which is also superior to the market standard (Table 8.).

Table 9. Phytotoxicity of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 0.4% SC formulation on Sugarcane crop.
Treatments DAYS Visual Rating Scale
Yellowing Necrosis Wilting Vein Clearing Leaf Tip
/ Margin Dying Stunting / Dwarfing
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC @3794 ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC @ 5066 ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC @ 6331 ml/ha 5 5 15 0 10 0 20
10 8 20 0 40 10 30
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG @ 90 gm/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Diuron 80%WP @ 4000 ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ametryne 80% WDG@ 2500ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC @ 3000 ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC @ 3500 ml/ha 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
Untreated Check 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
The phytotoxicity effect of the herbicide combination i.e., ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron SC on sugarcane crop was tested after 5 and 10 days after spraying. The crop was checked for symptoms like yellowing, necrosis, wilting, vein clearing, leaf tip or leaf margin dying and stunting or dwarfing of plants. After thorough observations, ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron SC when applied at 6331 ml/ha showed signs of phytotoxicity at 5 and 10 days after spraying. The phytotoxicity symptoms like yellowing (5-8%), Necrosis (15-20%), vein clearing (10-40%), stunting (20-40%) and leaf tip drying was seen as 10% after 10 days after spraying. It could be concluded that the crop did not show any symptoms of phytotoxicity at medium and low dose but at a high dose of 6331 ml/ha of the combination mixture showed symptoms of phytotoxicity where those symptoms were increasing, and recovery was not observed showing that this particular dose is phytotoxic to sugarcane plants. Therefore, the present herbicide combination at the given strength should be reconsidered considered for their doses (Table 9.).

Table 10. Effect of ametryne 30% + diuron 15% + halosulfuron methyl 0.4% SC formulation on crop quality
Treatments Dose/ha (gm/ml) Cane yield (t/ha) Cane length Cane diameter (cms) No. millable shoots - 000 per ha Sugar Content
(% Brix)

Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 3794 85 302 3 110 21
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 5066 87 315 3.5 115 22.8
Diuron + Ametryne + Halosulfuron SC 6331 90 330 4 128 24
Diuron 80%WP 4000 75 220 2.4 104 19.5
Ametryne 80%WDG 2500 71 225 2.6 100 18
Halosulfuron Methyl 75% WG 90 83 296 2.9 105 20.15
Mesotrione 2.27 + Atrazine 22.7% SC 3500 55 195 2.2 94 16
Topramezone 10g/L + Atrazine 300g/L SC 3000 65 215 2.5 88 14
Untreated Control -- 47 188 1.8 74 11
The cane yield among different herbicide treatments showed that ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331 ml/ha, 5066 ml/ha and 3794 ml/ha recorded the highest cane yield of 90 t/ha, 87 t/ha and 85 t/ha which shows that the herbicidal combination when applied at three different doses viz., low, medium, and high have similar positive effect on the cane yield of sugarcane crop. While the same herbicides when applied alone i.e., diuron 80 SC @ 4000ml/ha gave 75 t/ha, Ametryne 80 WDG @ 2500 ml/ha gave 71 t/ha and halosulfuron methyl 75 WG @ 90 gm/ha gave 83 t/ha yield. The cane length and cane diameter were also recorded highest just as in the case of cane yield. The highest length of cane was in the treatment ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron SC @6331ml/ha with 330cm long cane in followed by ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron SC @5066ml/ha with 315cm long cane. Similar trend was followed in cane diameter with 4cm and 3.5cm diameter in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331 ml/ha, 5066 ml/ha. The number of millable shoots (000’ ha-1) was also recorded as the highest as 128, 115 in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331ml/ha, 5066ml/ha. The sugar content was recorded highest in ametryne + diuron + halosulfuron when applied at 6331ml/ha, 5066ml/ha and 3294ml/ha viz., 24%, 22.80% and 21% respectively. It is evident based on the results the herbicide combination has a synergistic effect when applied together by improved the cane quality (Table 10.).
It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to a particular compositions or specific constituents, which can, of course, vary and that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting the scope of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise, and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art and so forth.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice for testing of the disclosure(s), specific examples of appropriate materials and methods are described herein. The examples set forth above are provided to give those of ordinarily skilled in the art a complete description of how to make and use the embodiments of the compositions or specific constituents, methods of practice, and are not intended to limit the scope of what the inventors regard as their invention. Modifications of the above-described modes for carrying out the invention that is obvious to persons skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the following claims. All patents and publications mentioned in the specification are indicative of the levels of skill of those skilled in the art to which the disclosure pertains.
While specific embodiments of the present invention are explicitly disclosed herein, the above specification and examples herein are illustrative and not restrictive. It will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Many variations of the disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of this specification and the embodiments below. The full scope of the invention should be determined by reference to the embodiments, along with their full scope of equivalents and the specification, along with such variations. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. ,CLAIMS:CLAIMS:
We Claim:
1. A synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
(a) at least one triazine herbicide;
(b) at least one substituted phenyl urea herbicide;
(c) at least one substituted sulfonylurea herbicide; and
(d) at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the triazine herbicide is ametryn, the substituted phenyl urea herbicide is diuron and the substituted sulfonylurea herbicide is halosulfuron-methyl.
3. The composition as claimed in preceding claims, wherein ametryn, diuron and halosulfuron-methyl are present in the weight ratio of (1-40): (1-40): (1-40).
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the agriculturally acceptable excipient selected from but not limited to group liquid medium, surfactant, stabilizer, anti-freezing agent, antifoaming agent, anticaking agent, dispersing agent and/or adjuvants.
5. The composition as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the herbicidal composition is formulated as suspension concentrates (SC).
6. The composition as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the herbicidal composition is formulated as wettable powder (WP).
7. The composition as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the herbicidal composition obtained from the preceding claims is used to control broadleaf weeds, sedges and annual grasses in rice, wheat, fruits, roots, tubers, vegetables, maize, grains, sugarcane, cereals, field crops and various other crops for general weed control.
8. The composition as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the herbicidal composition is applied to pre-emergence, early-post and post-emergence stages of crops by conventional methods over the target areas.