DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION:

The present invention relates to synergistic insecticidal compositions of Pyriproxyfen and one more insecticides, wherein one or more insecticides may be selected from Acephate or Profenofos. The present invention also relates to process for preparing the said synergistic composition comprising Pyriproxyfen, one more insecticides wherein the said insecticides may be selected from Acephate or Profenofos and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Pesticides are chemicals that may be used to kill fungus, bacteria, insects, plant diseases, snails, slugs, or weeds among others. These chemicals can work by ingestion or by touch and death may occur immediately or over a long period of time.

Insecticides are chemicals used to control insects by killing them or preventing them from engaging in behaviors deemed undesirable or destructive. They are classified based on their structure and mode of action. Many insecticides act upon the nervous system of the insect (e.g., Cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition) while others act as growth regulators or endotoxins.

Insecticides are agents of chemical or biological origin that control insects. Control may result from killing the insect or otherwise preventing it from engaging in behaviors deemed destructive. Insecticides may be natural or manmade and are applied to target pests in a myriad of formulations and delivery systems. The science of biotechnology has, in recent years, even incorporated bacterial genes coding for insecticidal proteins into various crop plants that deal death to unsuspecting pests that feed on them.

Insecticides are a type of pesticide that is used to specifically target and kill insects. Some insecticides include snail bait, ant killer, and wasp killer.

Insecticides can be classified by many ways based on their function, chemical class, mechanism of action etc. Insecticides can be classified as systemic insecticides, contact insecticides, natural insecticides, plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs), inorganic insecticide and organic insecticide.

The mode of action describes how the pesticide kills or inactivates a pest. It provides another way of classifying insecticides. Mode of action is important in understanding whether an insecticide will be toxic to unrelated species, such as fish, birds and mammals.

Insecticidal classes which covers majority of the insecticides are as below:

Organophosphates and carbamates
Organophosphates target the insect's nervous system. Organophosphates interfere with the enzymes acetylcholinesterase and other cholinesterases, disrupting nerve impulses and killing or disabling the insect. Organophosphate insecticides and chemical warfare nerve agents (such as sarin, tabun, soman, and VX) work in the same way. Organophosphates have a cumulative toxic effect to wildlife, so multiple exposures to the chemicals amplify the toxicity.

Carbamate insecticides have similar mechanisms to organophosphates, but have a much shorter duration of action and are somewhat less toxic.

Organochlorides
The best-known organochloride, DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), was created by Swiss scientist Paul Müller. For this discovery, he was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. DDT was introduced in 1944. It functions by opening sodium channels in the insect's nerve cells. The contemporaneous rise of the chemical industry facilitated large-scale production of DDT and related chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Neonicotinoids
Neonicotinoids are synthetic analogues of the natural insecticide nicotine (with much lower acute mammalian toxicity and greater field persistence). These chemicals are acetylcholine receptor agonists. They are broad-spectrum systemic insecticides, with rapid action (minutes-hours). They are applied as sprays, drenches, seed and soil treatments. Treated insects exhibit leg tremors, rapid wing motion, stylet withdrawal (aphids), disoriented movement, paralysis and death. Imidacloprid may be the most common.

Pyrethroids
Pyrethroid pesticides mimic the insecticidal activity of the natural compound pyrethrum. These compounds are nonpersistent sodium channel modulators and are less toxic than organophosphates and carbamates. Compounds in this group are often applied against household pests.

Ryanoids
Ryanoids are synthetic analogues with the same mode of action as ryanodine, a naturally occurring insecticide extracted from Ryaniaspeciosa (Flacourtiaceae). They bind to calcium channels in cardiac and skeletal muscle, blocking nerve transmission.

Plant-incorporated protectants
Transgenic crops that act as insecticides began in 1996 with BT corn that produces the Cry protein, derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, which is toxic to moth larvae such as the European corn borer. The technique has been expanded to include the use of RNA interference RNAi that fatally silences crucial insect genes. RNAi likely evolved as a defense against viruses. Midgut cells in many larvae take up the molecules and help spread the signal. The technology can target only insects that have the silenced sequence, as was demonstrated when a particular RNAi affected only one of four fruit fly species. The technique is expected to replace many other insecticides, which are losing effectiveness due to the spread of pesticide resistance.

Pyriproxyfen was first disclosed in US 4,751,225. Chemically known as 4-Phenoxyphenyl 2-(2-pyridyloxy)propyl ether and chemical structure is as below;

Pyriproxyfen is a pyridine-based pesticide which is found to be effective against a variety of arthropoda. It was introduced to the US in 1996, to protect cotton crops against whitefly. It has also been found useful for protecting other crops. It is also used for prevention of fleas on household pets.

Pyriproxyfen is a juvenile hormone analog and a relatively stable aromatic compound. It functions as an insecticide by overloading the hormonal system of the target insect, ultimately affecting egg production, brood care and other social interactions, and inhibiting growth (Glancey, B.M., N. Reimer and W.A. Banks. 1990. Effects of IGR Fenoxycarb and Sumitomo S-31183 on the queens of two myrmicine ant species. In: Applied Myrmecology: A World Perspective. Eds. Robert K. Vander Meer, Klaus Jaffe, and Aragua Cedeno.Boulder: Westview Press, 604-613.)

Mechanism of action of Pyriproxyfen (Jonathan Sullivan, ENVIRONMENTAL FATE OF PYRIPROXYFEN, Environmental Monitoring & Pest Management Branch Department of Pesticide Regulation 2000)

Two major insect-hormones act to control metamorphosis: the molting hormone and the juvenile hormone (JH). High concentrations of JH and low concentrations of molting hormone cause molting larva to continue growing as larval instars (a stage of an insect or other arthropod between molts). Presence of the molting hormone coupled with the absence of JH in insect circulation results in larvae which change into adults. Insects often go through a number of instars however when the JH secretion stops metamorphosis follows (Staal, G.B. 1972. Biological activity and bioassay of juvenile hormone analogs. In: Insect Juvenile Hormones: Chemistry and Action. Ed.Menn, J.J., Beroza, M. Academic Press. New York). JH maintains the "youthful character" of the insect and prevents the insect from becoming an adult before it is fully grown. Abnormal amounts of JH often result in the eventual death of the larva.

The search to apply knowledge of JHs to the development of effective insecticides has since been limited to the area of JH analogs (JHAs) (Matolcsy, G. Nadasy, M., and V. Andriska. 1988. Pesticide Chemistry: Studies inEnvironmental Science, Elsevier. New York.). JHAs act in the same manner as JHs, but are much more chemically stable.

Pyriproxyfen is a JHA and a fenoxycarb derivative in which part of the aliphatic chain has been replaced by pyridyloxyethylene. Although these active JHA compounds bear little resemblance to JHs, their high stability allows them to compete for JH binding site receptors (Riddiford, L.M. 1994. Cellular and molecular actions of juvenile hormone: general considerations and premetamorphic actions. Advances in Insect Physiology, 24: 213-274).). Pyriproxyfen mimics the action of the juvenile hormones on a number of physiological processes, and is a potent inhibitor of embryogenesis, metamorphosis and adult formation (Ishaaya, I and A.R. Horowitz. 1992. Novel phenoxy hormone analog (pyriproxyfen) suppressesembryogenesis and adult emergence of sweet potato whitefly. J. Econ. Entomol. 85, 21132117.).

Acephate is an organophosphate foliar insecticide of moderate persistence with residual systemic activity of about 10–15 days at the recommended use rate. It is used primarily for control of aphids, including resistant species, in vegetables (e.g. potatoes, carrots, greenhouse tomatoes, and lettuce) and in horticulture (e.g. on roses and greenhouse ornamentals). It also controls leaf miners, caterpillars, sawflies and thrips in the previously stated crops as well as turf, and forestry. By direct application to mounds, it is effective in destroying imported fire ants.

Acephate was first disclosed in US 2908605. IUPAC name of Acephate is N-(Methoxy-methylsulfanylphosphoryl) acetamide and chemical structure is as below;

Acephate is sold as a soluble powder, as emulsifiable concentrates, as pressurized aerosol, and in tree injection systems and granular formulations.

Acephate can kill target insects when they touch it or eat it. When insects eat Acephate, their bodies turn it into a chemical called methamidophos, which is another, stronger insecticide. Acephate is less toxic in mammals because mammal bodies do not turn it into methamidophos very well. Acephate and methamidophos affect the nervous system, causing over-activity in the nerves, muscles, or brain. Acephate is absorbed into plants, so insects that feed on treated plants may eat Acephate.

Acephate is most effective on turf, tree, and ornamental pests but will also control ants (including imported fire ants), cockroaches, crickets, firebrats earwigs, pillbugs, sowbugs, pantry pests, and wasps.

Profenofos was first disclosed in GB 1,417,116. Profenofosis chemically known as O-(4-Bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-O-ethyl S-propyl phosphorothioateand having chemical structure as below;

Profenofos, an organophosphorus insecticide, was first evaluated by the JMPR in 1990 and has been reviewed for residue in 1992, 1994 and 1995.

Profenofos is non-systemic insecticide and acaricide with contact and stomach action. Profenofos exhibits a translaminar effect and has ovicidal properties.
Profenofos is used to control insects (particularly Lepidoptera) and mites on cotton, tobacco budworm, cotton bollworm, armyworms (fall, beet), cotton aphid, spider mites, plant bugs, fleahoppers, maize, sugar beet, soya beans, potatoes, vegetables and whiteflies.

Profenofos is available in market as EC and UL formulation. Profenofos is also available in mixture with cypermethrin.

The main concern with the use of insecticide is the development of resistance by the insects for that particular insecticide and at the end one has to apply more concentrated formulation of the insecticide. The high amount of insecticide may results in the toxicity to human beings as well as has bad effect on environment.

Previously people have tried many alternatives and option to overcome this problem and as a result developed poly mixture of insecticide, use of non-toxic ingredients and developing novel formulations which provides effective amount of the insecticide and at the required part only.

However the use of poly mixture containing large number of insecticide poses a problem in many was like preparing formulation of multiple insecticides with different chemical properties and behavior and physical properties. It also creates challenge for the formulator in term of compatibility and stability of all the insecticides along with the used excipients in the formulation.

US 6,296,864 discloses a pesticidal composition comprising (a) 1 to 50% by weight of a lipophilic compound as a pesticidally active ingredient (including Pyriproxyfen), (b) 0.1 to 10% by weight of at least one nonionic surfactant, (c) 0.3 to 4% by weight of at least one anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkylarylsulfonic acid salts and alkylbiphenylsulfonic acid salts, (d) 15 to 40% by weight of a fatty acid ester.

JP10120502 discloses emulsifiable concentrates of Pyriproxyfen, comprising (a) the active agent, (b) one or more nonoinic surfactants selected from POE/POP-block polymer, POE/POP-alkylaryl ether, POE/POP-alkyl ether, POE/POP-polyaryl ether, fatty ester of POE/POP-block polymer, (c)one or more anionicsurfactants selected from alkyl aryl sulphonate and alkyl biphenyl sulphonate, (d) vegetable oil and (e) an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.

US 8,709,513 describes a suspension concentrate compositions comprising by weight based on the total weight of the composition, (a) from about 0.1 to about 50% of one or more carboxamidearthropodicides that are solid at room temperature; ( b) from 0 to about 50% of one or more biologically active agents (including Pyriproxyfen) other than the carboxamidearthropodicides; (c) from about 20 to about 70% of water; (d) from about 10 to about 70% of one or more water-immiscible liquid compounds; and (e) from about 1 to about 55% of a surfactant component having a dispersing property.

US 7,919,482 describes an insecticidal pellet consisting essentially of Acephate and a vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer polymeric processing aid, wherein said Acephate is present in an amount of about 97% by weight or more, and wherein said pellet has a moisture content of up to about 0.5% by weight and is chemically stable.

US6,486,157 relates to a novel method of controlling pests in and on transgenic crops of useful plants with pymetrozine; Profenofos; a benzoylurea-derivative, especially lufenuron; or a carbamat-derivative, especially fenoxycarb.

US 8,486,429 describes an improved storage stable formulation for the protection of crops comprising as active ingredients imidacloprid and Acephate, wherein imidacloprid is provided with a coating of a water soluble polymer in melt form and said formulation further includes a pH stabilizer that provides an overall pH of the formulation between 3-4.

US 7,445,791 discloses a synergistic insecticidal composition comprising a) 0.1 to 5% by weight of a Chloronicotynyle compound of Imidacloprid, b) 30 to 75% by weight of an Organophosphorus compound of Acephate, said Chloronicotynyle compound and said Organophosphorus compound are the only insecticidally active ingredients, and c) 20 to 69.9% by weight of at least one agriculturally acceptable compound selected from the group consisting of a conventional agriculturally acceptable carrier and a conventional agriculturally acceptable excipient.

US 4,374,833 discloses a pesticidal compositions containing the compound of formula I known as Profenofos, and pyrethroid insecticides of formula II wherein A is an optionally-substituted aralkyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or arylaminoalkyl group, R is hydrogen, cyano or ethynyl, X is alkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl or aryloxy and n is 1 to 5, and their use in combating pests, such as acarids.

Indian patent application 1164/MUM/2000 describes an insecticidal granular composition with enhanced synergistic activity Cypermethrin and Acephate includes Cypermethrin active ingredient 0.1 to 25%; Acephate active ingredient 0.5 to 75%; solubilizer 0.01 to 10.0% wetting cum dispersing agent 0.5 to 5.0% anticaking agent 0.01 to 0.5% wetting cum dispersing agent 0.5 to 5.0% anticaking agent 0.1 to 5.0% dye(s) 0.05 to 0.5% and inert filler (s) to make the wholequantity 100% (w/w). the preferred composition has Cypermethrin active ingredient 0.1 to 10% and Acephate active ingredient 1.0 to 50% wherein Cypermethrin and Acepahte has been mixed in the ratio of 1:1 to 1:10, preferred ratio of Cypermethrin and Acephate is 1:9 wherein Cypermethrin technical used is having 45-80% of cis-isomers.

Indian patent application 978/KOLNP/2009 discloses an insecticide solid or particulate is produced from a phosphoroamido(di)thioate insecticide such as Acephate. The particulate insecticide is formed by melting the insecticidal solids in a substantially oxygen- free, and preferably moisture free, atmosphere to prevent oxygen entrainment in the resulting melt to inhibit later degradation upon storage. The melt is formed into granules, extrudates, prills, flakes, shaped briquettes, or other shapes as desired.

US 7,074,355 discloses the preparation of chemically stable, dry-flow, low compact, dust free, soluble granules of phosphoroamidothioate using a substantially dry granulation process including an agitative balling process. This dry granulation process preferably produces spherical granules of phosphoroamidothioate without using substantial amounts of water, liquid, solvent or binder.

US 4,218,444 describes an insecticidal formulation comprising: (1) Acephate or Acephatemet; (3) a hydrocarbon component having a boiling range at 10 mm Hg absolute pressure substantially within the range of 550.degree. to 950.degree. F. and an unsulfonated residue above about 85 weight percent; (3) a bridging component in an amount effective to form a solution containing the aforesaid two components, wherein the bridging component is isopropyl alcohol, secondary butyl alcohol, tertiary butyl alcohol, or methylene chloride.

US 7,192,905 disclose a combination of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inducer with an organophosphate pesticide (insecticide or acaracide) provides effective control of ticks and flies, particularly against organophosphate-resistant strains of the ticks and flies. In use, a pesticidally effective amount of a composition of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inducer and organophosphate pesticide is applied to the locus of the targeted tick or fly.

US 6,485,736 discloses microcapsules and to a process for their production. More particularly, this invention relates to encapsulated droplets of a liquid material which is substantially insoluble in water, wherein the encapsulating agent is a shell wall containing disulfide units, thereby forming an environmentally sensitive, variable release wall. Further, this invention relates to the processes for the production of such microcapsules and methods for their use.

However still there is a need for a formulation of specific insecticides which overcomes some of the existing problems and can be prepared easily without much complex manufacturing process and give synergistic effect with low concentration of insecticides.

Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the synergistic compositions of Pyriproxyfen with one more insecticide as described herein in can provide solution to the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is all about a synergistic insecticidal composition which comprises Pyriproxyfen and one more insecticides which can be selected from Acephate or Profenofos.

The present invention also relates to synergistic insecticidal compositions comprising Pyriproxyfen and one or more insecticides selected from Acephate or Profenofos, wherein the ratio of Pyriproxyfen to Acephate is 1:50 to 25:1 and Pyriproxyfen to Profenofos is 1:50 to 25:1.

As per one preferred embodiment, the present invention also relates to synergistic insecticidal compositions comprising Pyriproxyfen and one or more insecticides selected from Acephate or Profenofos, wherein the ratio of Pyriproxyfen to Acephate and Pyriproxyfen to Profenofos is 1:10 to 5:1.

Further the present invention also relates to the process for preparing the said synergistic compositions of Pyriproxyfen with one or more insecticides and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides synergistic insecticidal compositions comprising Pyriproxyfen with one more insecticides and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.

The term “pesticide” or “pesticidal” is similar to “insecticide” or “insecticidal” and used interchangeably in this whole specification.

Synergism is the cooperative action encountered in combinations of two or more biologically active compounds in which the combined activity of the two compounds exceeds the sum of the activities of the compounds when used alone.

The pesticidal or insecticidal formulations can be classified as below:

a) Dry - Sprayable

a.1) WP – Wettable powders:
A solid pesticide formulation – micronized to powder form and typically applied as suspended particles after dispersion in water.

a.2) WG or WDG – Water dispersible granule:
A pesticidal formulation consisting of granules to be applied after disintegration and dispersion in water. Water dispersible granules can be formed by a) agglomeration, b) spray drying, or c) extrusion techniques.

b) Liquid Sprayable

b.1) SL – Soluble Concentrate:
A soluble concentrate is in powder form intended for dilution with water or directly in solution from. In both the case, the end result will be clear solution of the insecticide in the water without any visible un-dissolved particles.

b.2) SC – Suspension Concentrate
A stable suspension of solid pesticide(s) in a fluid usually intended for dilution with water before use. For a good formulation or ideal SC formulation, it should be stable and do not sediment over time.

b.3) EC – Emulsifiable Concentrate
A solution of a pesticide with emulsifying agents in a water insoluble organic solvent which will form an emulsion when added to water. In most of the case it is oil in water type emulsion to make it easy for application. EC formulation should be storage stable without any visible cracking of emulsion.

b.4) ME – Microemulsion
A solution of a pesticide with emulsifying agents in a water insoluble organic solvent which will form a solution/emulsion when added to water. The difference between EC and ME is the particle size of the actives in the final form.

b.5) OD – Oil Dispersion
Oil dispersions (OD) are one type of liquid formulation which is stable suspensions of active ingredients in a water-immiscible fluid which may contain other dissolved active ingredients and is intended for dilution with water before use.

b.6) CS – Capsule Suspension
Suspension of micro-encapsulated active ingredient in an aqueous continuous phase, intended for dilution with water before use.

b.7) SE- Suspension emulsion
A suspension emulsion or suspo emulsion (SE) consists of an organic phase with a dissolved active ingredient and an aqueous suspension phase, in which the active ingredient is dispersed in water.

c) Dry – Spreadable Granule
Dry spreadable granules are dry granules which can be applied with a dry spreader to a target area and later when such granules get exposed to water via, for example, rain or irrigation, will not only readily disintegrate, but actively spread on solid substrates so as to achieve disintegration area diameter to original granule diameter ratios.

Dry spreadable granules should possess good hardness and an ability to maintain integrity upon normal, commercial handling in a dry spreading operation and yet be capable of quickly disintegrating or scattering upon what may be a minimal exposure to water, such as, for example, a light rain.

d) GR – Soil applied Granule on inert or fertilizer carrier
This formulation is in the form of granules which can be applied on inert carrier or the carrier which is fertilizer.

e) Mixed formulation

e.1) ZC Formulation (Mix of CS and SC)
“ZC formulation” is the international denominations adopted by the FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations) to designate "stable aqueous suspension of microcapsules and solid fine particles".

ZC is a mixed formulation of CS and SC and is a stable aqueous suspension of microcapsules and solid fine particles, each of which contains one or more active ingredients. The formulation is intended for dilution into water prior to spray application. Formulating the active ingredients together eliminates the need for tank mixing, which can lead to incompatibility, and facilitates control of a wider range of pests with fewer applications. Like other aqueous liquid formulations, ZC formulations are easy to handle and measure, dust free, non-flammable and offer good miscibility with water.

One or more of the active ingredients is encapsulated for various purposes, such as to increase the residual biological activity, or to reduce the acute toxicity, or to obtain a physical or chemically stable water-based formulation. The purpose determines whether the “free” active ingredient and the “release rate” are relevant properties of a specific product.

Formulations of the present invention can be in any of the form described above. Preferably, the formulation of the present invention can be selected from Water Dispersible Granules (WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC), Emulsion in water (EW) and Suspension concentrate (SC).

The main active ingredients is Pyriproxyfen which can be further combine with one more insecticide which can be selected from either Acephate or Profenofos.

The present formulation comprises Pyriproxyfen and one more insecticide selected from Acephate or Pyriproxyfen. Pyriproxyfen and Acephate or Profenofos which are active ingredient for the present formulation are present in ratio of 1:50 to 25:1, Preferably the ratio of Pyriproxyfen and Acephate or Profenofos is 1:10 to 5:1

The synergistic composition of present invention is used for control of pests in Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Jute (Corchorus oliotorus), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Ragi (Eleusine coracana), Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycine max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) , Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Linseed (Linum usitatissimum), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Castor (Ricinus communis), Green gram (Vigna radiate), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and Melons (Cucumis melo), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Psyllium (Plantago ovate), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), Safed musli (Chlorophytum tuberosum), Drum stick (Moringa oleifera), Coconut (Coco nucifera), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis).

The synergistic composition of present invention is preferably used for control of pests in cotton, paddy, sugarcane, soybean, brinjal, okra, tomato, melons, cucumber, tea, apple, citrus, grape, mango and papaya for the control of sucking pests like whitefly, jassid, hoppers, aphid, thrips, scales, mealy bugs and leaf miners.
The present synergistic insecticidal composition of Pyriproxyfen and one more insecticide selected from Acephate or Pyriproxyfen will be effective in controlling sucking insects like Aphid, Jassid, Whiteflies, Thrips, Mealy bugs, Scale insects, Hoppers in crops like Cotton (transgenic), Egg plants, Chilly, Okra, Tomato, Potato, Soybean, Green gram, Black gram, Tea, Apple, Grape, Mango, Papaya, Citrus.

The synergistic composition of the present invention is used to control order Hemiptera, for example, Apple Mealy bug (Phenococcus aceris), bean aphid (Aphis fabae), black citrus aphid (Toxoptera aurantii), citrus black scale (Saissetia oleae), cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi), citrus red scale (Aonidiella aurantii), citrus mealybug (Planococcus citri), corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), cotton leaf hoppers (Amrasca biguttula), cotton mealy bug (Planococcus spp. And Pseudococcus spp.), cotton stainer (Dysdercus suturellus), cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), cowpea aphid (Aphis crassivora), grain aphid (Sitobion avenae), golden glow aphid (Uroleucon spp.), grape mealybug (Pseudococcus maritimus), green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)spp., papaya mealy bug (Pracoccus marginatus), pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), sugarcane mealybug (Saccharicoccus sacchari), potato aphid (Myzus persicae), potato leaf hopper (Empoasca fabae), rice leafhopper (Nephotettix nigropictus), rice brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugen), rice white backedplant hopper ( sweetpotato whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci), tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris), wooly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum), yellow scale (Aonidiella citrine),order Lepidoptera, army worm (Mythimna unipuncta), asiatic rice borer (Chilo suppressalis), bean pod borer (Maruca vitrata), beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua), black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), bollworm (Helicoverpa spp.),cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni), codling moth (Cydia pomonella), croton caterpillar (Achea janata), diamond backmoth (Plutella xylostella), cabbage worm (Pieris rapae), pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella), sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis), tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens), tomato fruitworm (Helicoverpa zea), velvet bean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis), yellow stem borer (SCirpophaga incertulas), spotted bollworm (Earias vittella), rice leaffolder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), pink stem borer (Sesamia spp.), tobacco leafeating caterpillar (Spodoptera litura), ; from the order Coleoptera, for example, apple twig borer (Amphicerus spp.), corn root worm (Diabrotica virgifera), cucumber beetle (diabrotica balteata), boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis), grape flea beetle (Altica chalybea), grape root worm (Fidia viticola), grape trunk borer (Clytoleptus albofasciatus), radish flea beetle (Phyllotreta armoraciae), maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais), northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi), rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus; from the order Orthoptera, for example, Gryllotalpa spp., Locusta spp., and Schistocerca is spp.; from the order Thysanoptera, for example, Anaphothrips obscurus, Baliothrips biformis, Drepanothrips reuteri, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella spp., Heliothripsspp., Hercinothrips femoralis, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp., Taeniothrips cardamomi, Frankliniella spp., Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci and Scirtothrips dorsalis; from the order Heteroptera, for example, Dysdercus spp., Leptocorisa spp., from the order Hymenoptera, for example, Solenopsis spp. ; from the order Diptera, for example, Antherigona soccata, Dacus spp., Liriomyza spp., Melanagromyza spp., from the order Acarina, for example, Aceria mangiferae, Brevipalpus spp., Eriophyes spp., Oligonychus mangiferus, Oligonychus punicae, Panonychus citri, Panonychus ulmi, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Tarsonemus spp., Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus cinnabarinus.

The synergistic insecticidal formulation of the present invention in addition to Pyriproxyfen and one more insecticides selected from Acephate or Profenofos further comprises one or more inactive excipients including but not limited to dispersant, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, anti-microbial agent, thickener, quick coating agent or sticking agents (also referred to as “stickers” or “binders”) and buffering agent.

A dispersant is a substance which adsorbs onto the surface of particles and helps to preserve the state of dispersion of the particles and prevents them from re-aggregating. Dispersants are added to agrochemical formulations to facilitate dispersion and suspension during manufacture, and to ensure the particles re-disperse into water in a spray tank. They are widely used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water-dispersible granules. Surfactants that are used as dispersants have the ability to adsorb strongly onto a particle surface and provide a charged or steric barrier to re-aggregation of particles. The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, non-ionic, or mixtures of the two types. For wettable powder formulations, the most common dispersants are sodium lignosulphonates. For suspension concentrates, very good adsorption and stabilization are obtained using polyelectrolytes, such as sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates. Tristyrylphenolethoxylate phosphate esters are also used. Non-ionics such as alkylarylethylene oxide condensates and EO-PO block copolymers are sometimes combined with anionics as dispersants for suspension concentrates. In recent years, new types of very high molecular weight polymeric surfactants have been developed as dispersants. These have very long hydrophobic ‘backbones’ and a large number of ethylene oxide chains forming the ‘teeth’ of a ‘comb’ surfactant. These high molecular weight polymers can give very good long-term stability to suspension concentrates because the hydrophobic backbones have many anchoring points onto the particle surfaces. Examples of dispersants used herein include but not limited to sodium lignosulphonates; sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates; tristyrylphenolethoxylate phosphate esters; aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates; alky ethoxylates; EO-PO block copolymers; and graft copolymers or mixtures thereof.

Anti-freezing agent as used herein can be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycols, methoxypolyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polybutylene glycols, glycerin and ethylene glycol.

Water-based formulations often cause foam during mixing operations in production. In order to reduce the tendency to foam, anti-foam agents are often added either during the production stage or before filling into bottles. Generally, there are two types of anti-foam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous emulsions of dimethyl polysiloxane while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are water-insoluble oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface.

A wetting agent is a substance that when added to a liquid increases the spreading or penetration power of the liquid by reducing the interfacial tension between the liquid and the surface on which it is spreading. Wetting agents are used for two main functions in agrochemical formulations: during processing and manufacture to increase the rate of wetting of powders in water to make concentrates for soluble liquids or suspension concentrates; and during mixing of a product with water in a spray tank or other vessel to reduce the wetting time of wettable powders and to improve the penetration of water into water-dispersible granules. Examples of wetting agents used in wettable powder, suspension concentrate, and water-dispersible granule formulations include but not limited to sodium lauryl sulphate; sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate; alkyl phenol ethoxylates; and aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates or mixtures thereof.

Suspension aid in the present description denotes a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic material with which the active substance is combined in order to facilitate its application to the plant, to the seeds or to the soil. This carrier is hence generally inert, and it must be agriculturally acceptable, in particular to the plant being treated. The carrier may be solid (clays, natural or synthetic silicates, silica, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, and the like or mixtures thereof) or liquid (water, alcohols, ketones, petroleum fractions, aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, liquefied gases, and the like or mixtures thereof).

Biocides / Microorganisms cause spoilage of formulated products. Therefore anti-microbial agents are used to eliminate or reduce their effect. Examples of such agents include, but are not limited to: propionic acid and its sodium salt; sorbic acid and its sodium or potassium salts; benzoic acid and its sodium salt; p-hydroxy benzoic acid sodium salt; methyl p-hydroxy benzoate; and biocide such as sodium benzoate, 1,2-benzisothiazoline-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, potassium sorbate, parahydroxy benzoates or mixtures thereof.

Thickeners or gelling agents are used mainly in the formulation of suspension concentrates, emulsions and suspoemulsions to modify the rheology or flow properties of the liquid and to prevent separation and settling of the dispersed particles or droplets. Thickening, gelling, and anti-settling agents generally fall into two categories, namely water-insoluble particulates and water-soluble polymers. It is possible to produce suspension concentrate formulations using clays and silicas. Examples of these types of materials, include, but are limited to, montmorillonite, e.g. bentonite; magnesium aluminum silicate; and attapulgite. Water-soluble polysaccharides have been used as thickening-gelling agents for many years. The types of polysaccharides most commonly used are natural extracts of seeds and seaweeds are synthetic derivatives of cellulose or mixtures thereof. Examples of these types of materials include, but are not limited to, guar gum; locust bean gum; carrageenam; xanthan gum; alginates; methyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC); hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) or mixtures thereof. Other types of anti-settling agents are based on modified starches, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene oxide or mixtures.

The quick coating agent can be a conventionally available sticker, for example polyesters, polyamides, poly- carbonates, polyurea and polyurethanes, acrylate polymers and copolymers, styrene copolymers, butadiene copolymers, polsaccharides such as starch and cellulose derivatives, vinylal- cohol, vinylacetate and vinylpyrrolidone polymers and copolymers, polyethers, epoxy, phenolic and melamine resins, polyolefins and define copolymersand mixtures thereof. Examples of preferred polymers are acrylate polymers such as poly(methacrylate), poly( ethyl methacrylate ), poly(methylmethacrylate), acrylate copoylmers and styrene-acrylic copolymers as defined herein below , poly(styrene-co maleic anhydride), cellulosic polymers such as ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetatebutyrate, acetylated mono-, di-, and triglycerides, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), vinyl acetate polymers and copolymers, poly(alkylene glycol), styrene butadiene copolymers, poly(orthoesters), alkyd resins, and mixtures of two or more of these. Polymers that are biodegradable are also useful in the present invention. As used herein, a polymer is biodegradable if is not water soluble, but is degraded over a period of several weeks when placed in an application environment. Examples of biodegradable polymers that are useful in the present method include biodegradable polyesters, starch, polylactic acid -starch blends, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymers, polydioxanone, cellulose esters, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, starch esters, starch ester aliphatic polyester blends, modified corn starch, polycaprolactone, poly(n-amylmethacrylate), wood rosin, polyan- hydrides, polyvinylalcohol, polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, and polyhydroxybutyrate or mixtures thereof.

Buffering agent as used herein is selected from group consisting of calcium hydroxyapatite, Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Sodium Hydroxide, carbonated apatite, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphates, carbonated calcium phosphates, amine monomers, lactate dehydrogenase and magnesium hydroxide.

The solvent for the formulation of the present invention may include water, water-soluble alcohols and dihydroxy alcohol ethers. The water-soluble alcohol which can be used in the present invention may be lower alcohols or water-soluble macromolecular alcohols. The term "lower alcohol", as used herein, represents an alcohol having 1-4 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, etc. Macromolecular alcohol is not limited, as long as it may be dissolved in water in a suitable amount range, e.g., polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, glucitol, etc. The examples of suitable dihydroxy alcohol ethers used in the present invention may be dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ethers or dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers. The examples of dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ether include ethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, dipropylene glycol ethyl ether, etc. The examples of dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers include ethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, dipropylene glycol phenyl ether, and the like. Any of the above mentioned solvent can be used either alone or in combination thereof.

WDG formulations offer a number of advantages in packaging, ease of handling and safety. The WDG are preferably of uniform size and which are free flowing, low dusting and readily disperse in water to form a homogenous solution of very small particles which may pass through conventional spray nozzles. Ideally WDG formulations when dispersed in water under gentle agitation for five minutes have residues of less than 0.01% on a 150 µm sieve screen and less than 0.5% on a 53 µm screen. The granules can usually be measured accurately by volume which is convenient for the end user.

Wettable powders can be prepared by dissolving insecticide in sufficient solvent with or without heating to give a solution and spraying the resulting solution onto a solid carrier or diluent. Alternatively insecticides which are solid and of a friable nature may be blended and ground with mineral diluents. The carriers generally used for wettable powders are sorbent inorganic materials commonly of mineral origin such as the kaolinites, montmorillonites, attapulgites, diatomaceous earths and vermiculites. Diluents generally used in toxicant formulations are such inert solids as talc, pyrophyllite, frianite, pumice and as per the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.

Emulsion in water (EW) formulation cane be prepared by below mentioned general process; oil-in-water emulsion, comprising one or more insecticides, one or more solvents, an emulsifier system one or more film forming agents/thickeners; and water.

The SC formulation can be prepared by below described method;
STEP-I: Adding anti-microbial agent and gum in water under continuous stirring followed by slow addition. Continuing stirring until homogeneous dispersion is formed.
STEP-II: Mixing anti-freezing agent, dispersant, wetting agent, anti-microbial agentand anti-foaming agent in water for 30 minute until homogeneous solution is formed. Finally add Pyriproxyfen and one more insecticides (Acephate or Profenofos) is added slowly under continuous stirring at 30 minutes till homogeneous dispersion is obtained. Milling the slurry through bead mill until required particle size is achieved.
Step-III: Adding rest of water, anti-foaming agent and gum solution under continuous stirring to get desired viscosity of the suspension. Continue stirring for about 4 hr. to obtain homogeneous formulation.

Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations are a blend of insecticide, organic solvent, and surfactants. When the solution is diluted into water, a spontaneous milky emulsion forms with dispersed phase droplets. When sprayed, this dilute emulsion gives a uniform and accurate application of insecticide on the crop, which is essential for effective pest control. The formulation of the insecticide into an Emulsifiable Concentrate can ensure uniform spreading and wetting under normal spray and weather conditions.

The process for preparing the present synergistic insecticidal composition can be modified accordingly by any person skilled in the art based on the knowledge of the manufacturing the formulation. However all such variation and modification is still covered by the scope of present invention.

EXAMPLES
Example 1: Water Dispersible Granules (WDG)
COMPOSITIONS (%) Pyriproxyfen 1% + Acephate 50% WDG Pyriproxyfen 12.5% + Acephate 0.5% WDG Pyriproxyfen 7.5% + Acephate 50% WDG Pyriproxyfen 7.5% + Acephate 30% WDG Pyriproxyfen 5% + Acephate 50% WDG Pyriproxyfen 5% + Acephate 30% WDG Pyriproxyfen 3.75% + Acephate 50% WDG Pyriproxyfen 3.75% + Acephate 30% WDG
Pyriproxyfen (95% purity) 1.60 13.50 8.20 8.20 5.80 5.80 4.20 4.20
Acephate (98% purity) 51.50 0.80 51.50 31.10 51.50 31.10 51.50 31.10
Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate blend 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Sodium Polycarboxylate 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00
Sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, formaldehyde condensate 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
Silicone based antifoam 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Polyvinyl pyrollidone 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
PPT silica 5.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
Starch 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 15.00
China clay 23.4 57.2 11.8 32.2 14.2 34.6 15.8 26.2
TOTAL 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Procedure:
Step 1 Charge the required quantity of filler, wetting agent, dispersing agent, and suspending agent, & technical in premixing blender for homogenization for 30 minutes.
Step 2 Pre-blended material is than grinded through Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely grinded material is blended in post blender till it becomes homogeneous. (for approx. 1.5 hr.)
Step 3 Homogeneous material is analysed. After getting approval from QC dept. material is unloaded into 25 kg. HDPE bag with LDPE liner inside.
Step 4 Finely grinded powder is mixer with required quantity of water to form extrudable dough.
Step 5 Dough is passed through extruder to get granules of required size.
Step 6 Wet granuleas are passed through Fluidized bed drier and further graded using vibrating screens.
Step 7 Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 8 After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.

Example 2: Wettable Powder (WP)
COMPOSITIONS Pyriproxyfen 7.5% + Acephate 50% WP Pyriproxyfen 7.5% + Acephate 30% WP Pyriproxyfen 5% + Acephate 50% WP Pyriproxyfen 5% + Acephate 30% WP Pyriproxyfen 3.75% + Acephate 50% WP Pyriproxyfen 3.75% + Acephate 30% WP
Pyriproxyfen (95% purity) 8.20 8.20 5.80 5.80 4.20 4.20
Acephate (98% purity) 51.50 31.10 51.50 31.10 51.50 31.10
Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate blend 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, formaldehyde condensate 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00
Silicone based antifoam 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
PPT silica 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
Starch 5.00 5.00 5.00 15.00 15.00 15.00
China clay 14.80 35.20 17.20 27.60 8.80 29.20
TOTAL 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Procedure:
Step 1 Charge the required quantity of filler, wetting agent, dispersing agent, and suspending agent, & technical in premixing blender for homogenization for 30 minutes.
Step 2 Pre-blended material is than grinded through Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely grinded material is blended in post blender till it becomes homogeneous. (for approx. 1.5 hr.)
Step 3 Homogeneous material is analysed. After getting approval from QC dept. material is unloaded into 25 kg. HDPE bag with LDPE liner inside.

Example 3: Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC)
COMPOSITIONS Pyriproxyfen 1% + Profenofos 50% EC Pyriproxyfen 12.5% + Profenofos 0.5% EC Pyriproxyfen 6% + Profenofos 40% EC Pyriproxyfen 6% + Profenofos 24% EC Pyriproxyfen 4% + Profenofos 40% EC Pyriproxyfen 4% + Profenofos 24% EC Pyriproxyfen 3% + Profenofos 40% EC Pyriproxyfen 3% + Profenofos 24% EC
Pyriproxyfen (95% purity) 1.60 13.50 6.80 6.80 4.70 4.70 3.70 3.70
Profenofos (96% purity) 51.50 1.00 42.20 25.00 41.30 25.00 41.30 25.00
Dodecyl-benzene sulfonic acid Ca-salt linear 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50
Epoxidised Soabean Oil 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50
Condensation product of castor oil and ethyleneoxide 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50
Cyclohexanone 5.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00
Mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons 28.40 57.00 22.50 39.70 25.50 41.80 26.50 42.80
TOTAL 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Procedure:
Step 1 Charge half quantity of solvent and then mix the technical into this solvent until completely soluble
Step 2 Now add surfactants dose as per screening ration
Step 3 Now add remaining solvent to this mixture
Step 4 Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 5 After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.

Example 4: Emulsion in Water

COMPOSITIONS Pyriproxyfen 3% + Profenofos 20% EW Pyriproxyfen 5% + Profenofos 20% EW Pyriproxyfen 2% + Profenofos 20% EW Pyriproxyfen 3.4% + Profenofos 20% EW Pyriproxyfen 1.5% + Profenofos 20% EW Pyriproxyfen 2.5% + Profenofos 20% EW
Pyriproxyfen (95% purity) 3.70 5.80 2.60 4.10 1.90 2.90
Profenofos (96% purity) 20.90 20.90 20.90 20.90 20.90 20.90
Dodecyl-benzene sulfonic acid Ca-salt linear 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00
Blockcopolymer PO/EO 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00
Cyclohexanone 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00
1, 2- benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
Silicone antifoam emulsion 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
Polysaccharide 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30
Water 39.40 37.30 40.50 39.00 41.20 40.20
TOTAL 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Procedure:
Step 1 Charge half quantity of solvent and then mix the technical into this solvent until completely soluble into a vessel
Step 2 Now add surfactants dose as per screening ration
Step 3 Now add remaining solvent to this mixture
Step 4 Now add water ,preservative and antifoam into another vessel and stir till it get completely soluble
Step 5 Now add organic phase solution containing technical and emulsifier into aqueous phase vessel under high shearing so that particle size get reduce to D90 max 2.5 micron
Step 6 Finally add Xanthan solution and stir the formulation till get completely mix.
Step 7 Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 8 After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.

Example 5: Storage Stability studies
5.1) Storage stability Study-Pyriproxyfen 7.5% + Acephate 50% WDG (Water Dispersible Granules)
Parameters Specification Initial Heat stability study at 54 + 2 0C for 14 days Cold storage stability at 0 + 2 0C for 14 days
In House
Description Off-white Complies Complies Complies
Pyriproxyfen Content 7.13-8.25 8.20 8.00 8.15
Pyriproxyfen Suspensibility Mini 70% 95% 95% 95%
Acephate Content 48.5-52.5 52.00 51.00 51.50
Acephate Suspensibility Mini 70% 95% 95% 95%
pH 4 to 6 5.00 5.00 5.00
Wettability Max 30 s 10.00 10.00 10.00
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.60 99.60 99.50
Bulk Density 0.45-0.85 0.50 0.50 0.50
Moisture Content Max 2.0% 1.50 1.50 1.50

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification Study Duration

In House 1 month 6 month 12 months 24 months
Description Off-white Complies Complies Complies Complies
Pyriproxyfen Content 7.13-8.25 8.20 8.10 8.10 8.00
Pyriproxyfen Suspensibility Mini 70% 95% 95% 95% 95%
Acephate Content 48.5-52.5 52.00 51.75 51.75 51.25
Acephate Suspensibility Mini 70% 95% 95% 95% 95%
pH 4 to 6 5 5 5 5
Wettability Max 30 s 10 10 10 10
Wet Sieve (45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.6
Bulk Density 0.45-0.85 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Moisture Content Max 2.0% 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

5.2) Storage stability Study Data of Pyriproxyfen 7.5% + Acephate 50% WP (Wettable Powder)
Parameters Specification Initial Heat stability study at 54 + 2 0C for 14 days Cold storage stability at 0 + 2 0C for 14 days
In House
Description Off-white Complies Complies Complies
Pyriproxyfen Content 7.13-8.25 8.20 8.00 8.15
Pyriproxyfen Suspensibility Mini 70% 95% 95% 95%
Acephate Content 48.5-52.5 52.00 51.00 51.50
Acephate Suspensibility Mini 70% 95% 95% 95%
pH 4 to 6 5 5 5
Wettability Max 30 s 10 10 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.6 99.6 99.5
Bulk Density 0.45-0.85 0.35 0.35 0.35

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification Study Duration
In house 1 month 6 month 12 months 24 months
Description Off-white Complies Complies Complies Complies
Pyriproxyfen Content 7.13-8.25 8.20 8.10 8.10 8.00
Pyriproxyfen Suspensibility Mini 70% 95% 95% 95% 95%
Acephate Content 48.5-52.5 52.00 51.75 51.75 51.25
Acephate Suspensibility Mini 70% 95% 95% 95% 95%
pH 4 to 6 5 5 5 5
Wettability Max 30 s 10 10 10 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.6
Bulk Density 0.45-0.85 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35

5.3) Storage stability Study Data of Pyriproxyfen 6% + Profenofos 40% EC (Emulsifiable Concentrate)
Parameters Specification Initial Heat stability study at 54 + 2 0C for 14 days Cold storage stability at 0 + 2 0C for 14 days
In House
Description Yellow Liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pyriproxyfen Content 5.7-6.6 6.40 6.30 6.35
Profenofos Content 38-42 41.50 41.00 41.25
pH(1% D.M.Water) 4 to 6 5 5 5
Emulsion Stability Max 1 ml Creaming and sediment Nil Nil Nil
Density 1.085-1.090 1.08 1.08 1.08

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification Study Duration
In House 1 month 6 month 12 months 24 months
Description Yellow Liquid Complies Complies Complies Complies
Pyriproxyfen Content 5.7-6.6 6.40 6.30 6.30 6.20
Profenofos Content 38-42 41.50 41.25 41.00 40.75
pH(1% D.M.Water) 4 to 6 5 5 5 5
Emulsion Stability Max 1 ml Creaming and sediment Nil Nil Nil Nil
Density 1.085-1.090 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08

5.4) Storage stability Study Data of Pyriproxyfen 3% + Profenofos 20% EW (Emulsion in water)
Parameters Specification Initial Heat stability study at 54 + 2 0C for 14 days Cold storage stability at 0 + 2 0C for 14 days
In House
Description Milky Liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pyriproxyfen Content 2.85-3.3 3.25 3.15 3.20
Profenofos Content 19-21 20.75 20.25 20.50
pH(1% D.M.Water) 4 to 6 5 5 5
Persistent Foaming Max. 20 ml 2 ml 2 ml 2 ml
Emulsion Stability Max 1 ml Creaming and sediment Nil Nil Nil
Particle Size D90= Max 2.5 micron 2 2 2
Viscosity 300-500 cPs 400 400 400
Density 1.085-1.090 1.09 1.09 1.09

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification Study Duration
In house 1 month 6 month 12 months 24 months
Description Milky Liquid Complies Complies Complies Complies
Pyriproxyfen Content 2.85-3.3 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.20
Profenofos Content 19-21 20.75 20.50 20.50 20.25
pH(1% D.M.Water) 4 to 6 5 5 5 5
Persistent Foaming Max. 20 ml 2 ml 2 ml 2 ml 2 ml
Emulsion Stability Max 1 ml Creaming and sediment Nil Nil Nil Nil
Particle Size D90= Max 2.5 micron 2 2 2 2
Viscosity 300-500 cPs 400 400 400 400
Density 1.085-1.090 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.09

Example 6: Field efficacy trials

A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination (ready-mix) of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater insecticidal activity than the sum of the insecticidal activities of the individual components.
In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined by Colby S.R. in an article entitled “ Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations” published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p.20-22, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The action expected for a given combination of two active components can be calculated as follows:
XY
E = X + Y - --------
100

in which E represents the expected percentage of insecticidal control for the combination of the two insecticides at defined dose (for example equal to x and y respectively), X is the percentage of insecticidal control observed by active ingredient I at defined dose (equal to x) and Y is the percentage of insecticidal control observed by Active Ingredient II (equal to Y). When the percentage of insecticidal control observed for the combination is greater than the expected percentage, there is a synergistic effect.
Trial 1:
A study was carried out to determine the synergistic insecticidal effect of Pyriproxyfen and Acephate. The testing samples with various novel formulations with different active ingredient ratio of Pyriproxyfen and Acephate were developed in-house. The samples compositions are as below:
Table 1: Sample compositions comprising of Pyriproxyfen + Acephate, their formulations and use rate
Serial Number Sample Code Type of Formulation A.I.(%) in formulation Formulation per Hectare (g or ml) Active Ingredient/Hectare Ratio
Pyriproxyfen Acephate Pyriproxyfen Acephate
1 PA1 WDG 1% 50% 1000 10 500 1 : 50
2 PA2 WDG 12.5% 0.5% 1000 125 5 25 : 1
3 PA3 WDG 7.5% 50.0% 1000 75 500 1 : 6.67
4 PA4 WDG 7.5% 30.0% 1000 75 300 1 : 4
5 PA5 WDG 5.0% 50.0% 1000 50 500 1 : 10
6 PA6 WDG 5.0% 30.0% 1000 50 300 1 : 6
7 PA7 WDG 3.75% 50.0% 1000 37.5 500 1 : 13.33
8 PA8 WDG 3.75% 30.0% 1000 37.5 300 1 : 8
9 PA9 WP 7.5% 50.0% 1000 75 500 1 : 6.67
10 PA10 WP 7.5% 30.0% 1000 75 300 1 : 4
11 PA11 WP 5.0% 50.0% 1000 50 500 1 : 10
12 PA12 WP 5.0% 30.0% 1000 50 300 1 : 6
13 PA13 WP 3.75% 50.0% 1000 37.5 500 1 : 13.33
14 PA14 WP 3.75% 30.0% 1000 37.5 300 1 : 8
15 PAS 1 10% EC+ 75% SP 10% 75% 750ml + 667g (tank mix) 75 500 _
16 PAS 2 10% EC+ 75% SP 10% 75% 375ml + 400g (tank mix) 37.5 300 _
17 PAS 3 EC 10.0% _ 100 10 _ _
18 PAS 4 EC 10.0% _ 1250 125 _ _
19 PAS 5 EC 10.0% _ 750 75 _ _
20 PAS 6 EC 10.0% _ 500 50 _ _
21 PAS 7 EC 10.0% _ 375 37.5 _ _
22 PAS 8 SP _ 75.0% 667 _ 500 _
23 PAS 9 SP _ 75.0% 6.67 _ 5 _
24 PAS 10 SP _ 75.0% 400 _ 300 _
25 Untreated Check _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Note:
A. I. -Active Ingredient, g- Gram, ml –milliliter, WDG -Water Dispersible Granules , WP- Wettable Powder, EC- Emulsifiable Concentrate, WP- wet table Powder, PA1 to PA14- Laboratory Samples (Pyriproxyfen + Acephate), Prior Art sample (PAS)- Tank mix of Pyriproxyfen+Acephate at defined use rate.
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important fiber crop cultivated across the India. Many sucking insects damage the crop from seedling stage to harvesting. The key sucking insects are pests are Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), Jassid (Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida), Aphid (Aphis gossypii), and Thrips (Thrips tabaci). They cause severe damage to the crop and yield. Whitefly also responsible for spread of viral disease like CLCv (Cotton Leaf Curl Virus). Hence the chemical control is necessary to keep the population of sucking pests under check.
The cotton crop was raised with standard agronomic practice. The spraying was done as soon as whitefly population observed with manual operated sprayer using 500 lit water per hectare. The assessment was done by counting the number of insects per leaf, 3 leaves per plant and 5 plants per plot size. Observation were taken as pretreatment, 1, 5 and 10 DAA (Days After Application) and % whitefly control calculated on the basis of whitefly population in Untreated check.

% Insect control = 100 - (Number of insects in treatment*100)
------------------------------------------------------
Number of insects in Untreated Check

Table 2- Average % control of whitefly in cotton

Sample Code Type of Formulation Formulation per Hectare (g or ml) Active Ingredient/Hectare Ratio % Whitefly control in cotton
% Control Observed % Control Expected Synergistic Effect
Pyriproxyfen Acephate 1 DAA 5 DAA 10 DAA 1 DAA 5 DAA 10 DAA 1 DAA 5 DAA 10 DAA
PA1 WG 1000 10 500 1 : 50 80 71 57 49.8 40.7 30.3 1.61 1.74 1.88
PA2 WG 1000 125 5 25 : 1 52 90 80 58.0 77.0 73.0 0.90 1.17 1.10
PA3 WG 1000 75 500 1 : 6.67 98 95 91 60.1 63.5 51.9 1.63 1.50 1.75
PA4 WG 1000 75 300 1 : 4 87 93 90 42.6 64.5 49.5 2.04 1.44 1.82
PA5 WG 1000 50 500 1 : 10 90 86 82 56.1 54.4 42.7 1.60 1.58 1.92
PA6 WG 1000 50 300 1 : 6 85 81 77 36.9 55.6 40.0 2.31 1.46 1.93
PA7 WG 1000 37.5 500 1 : 13.33 88 78 70 56.1 52.1 35.3 1.57 1.50 1.99
PA8 WG 1000 37.5 300 1 : 8 83 74 68 36.9 53.4 32.1 2.25 1.39 2.12
PA9 WP 1000 75 500 1 : 6.67 98 93 90 60.1 63.5 51.9 1.63 1.46 1.74
PA10 WP 1000 75 300 1 : 4 90 91 88 42.6 64.5 49.5 2.11 1.41 1.78
PA11 WP 1000 50 500 1 : 10 89 84 82 56.1 54.4 42.7 1.59 1.54 1.92
PA12 WP 1000 50 300 1 : 6 83 80 75 36.9 55.6 40.0 2.25 1.44 1.88
PA13 WP 1000 37.5 500 1 : 13.33 86 79 69 56.1 52.1 35.3 1.53 1.52 1.96
PA14 WP 1000 37.5 300 1 : 8 82 72 66 36.9 53.4 32.1 2.22 1.35 2.05
PAS 1 10% EC+ 75% SP 750ml + 667g (tank mix) 75 500 _ 58 51 48 60.1 63.5 51.9 0.97 0.80 0.93
PAS 2 10% EC+ 75% SP 375ml + 400g (tank mix) 37.5 300 _ 35 51 25 36.9 53.4 32.1 0.95 0.96 0.78
PAS 3 EC 100 10 _ _ 12 22 16 _ _ _ _ _ _
PAS 4 EC 250 125 _ _ 58 77 73 _ _ _ _ _ _
PAS 5 EC 750 75 _ _ 30 52 42 _ _ _ _ _ _
PAS 6 EC 500 50 _ _ 23 40 31 _ _ _ _ _ _
PAS 7 EC 375 37.5 _ _ 23 37 22 _ _ _ _ _ _
PAS 8 SP 667 _ 500 _ 43 24 17 _ _ _ _ _ _
PAS 9 SP 6.67 _ 5 _ 0 0 0 _ _ _ _ _ _
PAS 10 SP 400 _ 300 _ 18 26 13 _ _ _ _ _ _
Untreated Check _ _ _ _ _ 0 0 0 _ _ _ _ _ _

Note: DAA - Days after Application

The percent whitefly control data was used and to calculate percent expected control. It was observed that all the ready mix novel formulations (WDG, WP) of Pyriproxyfen + Acephate shows strong synergism compared to their individual application at defined use rate as well as their prior art combinations i.e. on site tank mixes of Pyriproxyfen + Acephate at defined use rate. As the value of synergistic effect is higher; the rate of synergism is also higher. The ready mix of Pyriproxyfen + Acephate caused a better knock down action on whitefly, with higher controls than those of individual application and their tan mixes.
Trial 2:
Another study was carried out to find out the synergistic activity between Pyriproxyfen and Profenofos. The testing samples comprising of novel formulations with different active ingredient of Pyriproxyfen+Profenofos were developed in-house (Table 3).
The experiment was carried out in Chilly (Capsicum annum) crop. The crop was raised with standard agronomic practices and natural infestation of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) was observed. The spraying was done as soon as moderate infestations of both the insects were observed. The assessments were done at pretreatment, 1 DAA and 7 DAA (Days after Application) and the percent insect control was calculated. The values of expected insect control were also calculated using Colby’s formula. The data were presented in table 4.
Table 3: Sample compositions comprising of Pyriproxyfen+Profenofos, their formulations and use rate

S.No Sample Code Type of Formulation A.I.(%) in formulation Formulation per Hectare (g or ml) Active Ingredient/Hectare Ratio
Pyriproxyfen Profenofos Pyriproxyfen Profenofos
1 PP1 EC 1% 50% 1000 10 500 1 : 50
2 PP2 EC 12.5% 0.5% 1000 125 5 25 : 1
3 PP3 EC 6.0% 40.0% 1250 75 500 1:6.67
4 PP4 EC 6.0% 24.0% 1250 75 300 1 : 4
5 PP5 EC 4.0% 40.0% 1250 50 500 1 : 10
6 PP6 EC 4.0% 24.0% 1250 50 300 1 : 6
7 PP7 EC 3.00% 40.0% 1250 37.5 500 1: 13.33
8 PP8 EC 3.00% 24.0% 1250 37.5 300 1 : 8
9 PP9 EW 3.0% 20.0% 2500 75 500 1: 6.67
10 PP10 EW 5.0% 20.0% 1500 75 300 1 : 4
11 PP11 EW 2.0% 20.0% 2500 50 500 1 : 10
12 PP12 EW 3.4% 20.0% 1500 50 300 1 : 6
13 PP13 EW 1.50% 20.0% 2500 37.5 500 1: 13.33
14 PP14 EW 2.50% 20.0% 1500 37.5 300 1 : 8
15 PAS 1 10% EC+ 50% EC 10% 50% 750ml + 1000ml (tank mix) 75 500 _
16 PAS 2 10% EC+ 50% EC 10% 50% 375ml + 600ml (tank mix) 37.5 300 _
17 PAS 3 EC 10.0% _ 100 10 _ _
18 PAS 4 EC 10.0% _ 1250 125 _ _
19 PAS 5 EC 10.0% _ 750 75 _ _
20 PAS 6 EC 10.0% _ 500 50 _ _
21 PAS 7 EC 10.0% _ 375 37.5 _ _
22 PAS 8 EC _ 50% 1000 _ 500 _
23 PAS 9 EC _ 50% 10 _ 5 _
24 PAS 10 EC _ 50% 600 _ 300 _
25 Untreated Check _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Note:
A. I. -Active Ingredient, g- Gram, ml –milliliter, EC- Emulsifiable Concentrate, EW –Emulsion in water, PP1 to PA14- Laboratory Samples (Pyriproxyfen + Profenofos). Prior Art sample(PAS)- Tank mix of Pyriproxyfen+Profenofos at defined use rate.

Table 4: Average % control of Whitefly & Thrips in chilly

Sample Code Type of Formulation Formulation per Hectare (g or ml) Active Ingredient/Hectare Ratio % Whitefly control % Thrips control
% Control Observed % Control Expected Synergistic Effect % Control Observed % Control Expected Synergistic Effect
Pyriproxyfen Profenofos 1 DAA 7 DAA 1 DAA 7 DAA 1 DAA 7 DAA 1 DAA 7 DAA 1 DAA 7 DAA 1 DAA 7 DAA
PP1 EC 1000 10 500 1 : 50 74 62 65.4 42.4 1.13 1.46 68 63 53.0 36.0 1.28 1.75
PP2 EC 1000 125 5 25 : 1 77 72 62.2 47.1 1.24 1.53 58 51 43.0 20.0 1.35 2.55
PP3 EC 1250 75 500 1 : 6.67 98 96 79.1 59.2 1.24 1.62 93 88 67.6 47.5 1.38 1.85
PP4 EC 1250 75 300 1 : 4 95 91 64.8 45.6 1.47 2.00 90 84 64.1 39.3 1.40 2.14
PP5 EC 1250 50 500 1 : 10 92 87 76.4 50.8 1.20 1.71 86 79 61.5 39.8 1.40 1.98
PP6 EC 1250 50 300 1 : 6 87 84 60.3 34.4 1.44 2.44 85 78 57.4 30.4 1.48 2.56
PP7 EC 1250 37.5 500 1 : 13.33 86 78 70.7 48.4 1.22 1.61 76 70 57.7 36.0 1.32 1.94
PP8 EC 1250 37.5 300 1 : 8 84 74 50.7 31.2 1.66 2.37 73 68 53.2 26.0 1.37 2.62
PP9 EW 2500 75 500 1: 6.67 97 93 79.1 59.2 1.23 1.57 94 85 67.6 47.5 1.39 1.79
PP10 EW 1500 75 300 1 : 4 92 90 64.8 45.6 1.42 1.97 89 82 64.1 39.3 1.39 2.09
PP11 EW 2500 50 500 1 : 10 93 89 76.4 50.8 1.22 1.75 84 77 61.5 39.8 1.37 1.93
PP12 EW 1500 50 300 1 : 6 89 86 60.3 34.4 1.48 2.50 80 73 57.4 30.4 1.39 2.40
PP13 EW 2500 37.5 500 1 : 13.33 88 78 70.7 48.4 1.24 1.61 74 68 57.7 36.0 1.28 1.89
PP14 EW 1500 37.5 300 1 : 8 83 75 50.7 31.2 1.64 2.40 70 65 53.2 26.0 1.32 2.50
PAS 1 EC+EC 750ml + 1000ml (tank mix) 75 500 _ 68 55 79.1 59.2 0.86 0.93 67 48 67.6 47.5 0.99 1.01
PAS 2 EC+EC 375ml + 600ml (tank mix) 37.5 300 _ 50 30 50.7 31.2 0.99 0.96 58 35 53.2 26.0 1.09 1.35
PAS 3 EC 100 10 _ _ 9 4 _ _ _ _ 0 0 _ _ _ _
PAS 4 EC 1250 125 _ _ 58 46 _ _ _ _ 43 20 _ _ _ _
PAS 5 EC 750 75 _ _ 45 32 _ _ _ _ 31 18 _ _ _ _
PAS 6 EC 500 50 _ _ 38 18 _ _ _ _ 18 6 _ _ _ _
PAS 7 EC 375 37.5 _ _ 23 14 _ _ _ _ 10 0 _ _ _ _
PAS 8 EC 1000 _ 500 _ 62 40 _ _ _ _ 53 36 _ _ _ _
PAS 9 EC 10 _ 5 _ 10 2 _ _ _ _ 0 0 _ _ _ _
PAS 10 EC 600 _ 300 _ 36 20 _ _ _ _ 48 26 _ _ _ _
Untreated Check _ _ _ _ _ 0 0 _ _ _ _ 0 0 _ _ _ _
DAA – Days after Application

A strong synergism observed in all the ready mix novel formulations (EC and EW) of Pyriproxyfen+Profenofos, when compared to the same dosages of the isolated active ingredients as well as their PASs after 1 and 7 Days after Application. The ready mix of Pyriproxyfen+Profenofos provides higher percent control of both the whitefly and thrips with longer duration of control as compared to their individual application as well as their tan mixes.
,CLAIMS:We claim;

1. A synergistic insecticidal composition comprising of Pyriproxyfen and one more insecticides which can be selected from Acephate or Profenofos and one or more inactive excipients.
2. The synergistic composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the ratio of Pyriproxyfen and Acephate or Profenofos is 1:50 to 25:1.
3. The synergistic composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein ratio of Pyriproxyfen and Acephate or Profenofos is preferably 1: 10 to 5:1.
4. The synergistic composition according to claim 1, wherein inactive excipients can be selected from the group consisting of dispersant, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, anti-microbial agent, thickener, quick coating agent or sticking agents and buffering agent.
5. The synergistic composition as claimed in claim 1 or 4 wherein the formulation can be selected from Water Dispersible Granules (WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Suspension Concentrate (SC), Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) and Emulsion in water (EW).
6. The synergistic composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said formulation is used for control of pests in Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Jute (Corchorus oliotorus), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Ragi (Eleusine coracana), Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycine max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) , Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Linseed (Linum usitatissimum), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Castor (Ricinus communis), Green gram (Vigna radiate), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and Melons (Cucumis melo), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Psyllium (Plantago ovate), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), Safed musli (Chlorophytum tuberosum), Drum stick (Moringa oleifera), Coconut (Coco nucifera), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis).

7. The synergistic composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said formulation is used for control of pests in cotton, paddy, sugarcane, soybean, brinjal, okra, tomato, melons, cucumber, tea, apple, citrus, grape, mango and papaya for the control of sucking pests like whitefly, jassid, hoppers, aphid, thrips, scales, mealy bugs and leaf miners.

8. The synergistic composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said formulation is used to control order Hemiptera, for example, Apple Mealy bug (Phenococcus aceris), bean aphid (Aphis fabae), black citrus aphid (Toxoptera aurantii), citrus black scale (Saissetia oleae), cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi), citrus red scale (Aonidiella aurantii), citrus mealybug (Planococcus citri), corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), cotton leaf hoppers (Amrasca biguttula), cotton mealy bug (Planococcus spp. And Pseudococcus spp.), cotton stainer (Dysdercus suturellus), cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), cowpea aphid (Aphis crassivora), grain aphid (Sitobion avenae), golden glow aphid (Uroleucon spp.), grape mealybug (Pseudococcus maritimus), green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)spp., papaya mealy bug (Pracoccus marginatus), pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), sugarcane mealybug (Saccharicoccus sacchari), potato aphid (Myzus persicae), potato leaf hopper (Empoasca fabae), rice leafhopper (Nephotettix nigropictus), rice brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugen), rice white backedplant hopper ( sweetpotato whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci), tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris), wooly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum), yellow scale (Aonidiella citrine),order Lepidoptera, army worm (Mythimna unipuncta), asiatic rice borer (Chilo suppressalis), bean pod borer (Maruca vitrata), beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua), black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), bollworm (Helicoverpa spp.),cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni), codling moth (Cydia pomonella), croton caterpillar (Achea janata), diamond backmoth (Plutella xylostella), cabbage worm (Pieris rapae), pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella), sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis), tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens), tomato fruitworm (Helicoverpa zea), velvet bean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis), yellow stem borer (SCirpophaga incertulas), spotted bollworm (Earias vittella), rice leaffolder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), pink stem borer (Sesamia spp.), tobacco leafeating caterpillar (Spodoptera litura), ; from the order Coleoptera, for example, apple twig borer (Amphicerus spp.), corn root worm (Diabrotica virgifera), cucumber beetle (diabrotica balteata), boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis), grape flea beetle (Altica chalybea), grape root worm (Fidia viticola), grape trunk borer (Clytoleptus albofasciatus), radish flea beetle (Phyllotreta armoraciae), maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais), northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi), rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus; from the order Orthoptera, for example, Gryllotalpa spp., Locusta spp., and Schistocerca is spp.; from the order Thysanoptera, for example, Anaphothrips obscurus, Baliothrips biformis, Drepanothrips reuteri, Enneothrips flavens, Frankliniella spp., Heliothripsspp., Hercinothrips femoralis, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp., Taeniothrips cardamomi, Frankliniella spp., Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci and Scirtothrips dorsalis; from the order Heteroptera, for example, Dysdercus spp., Leptocorisa spp., from the order Hymenoptera, for example, Solenopsis spp. ; from the order Diptera, for example, Antherigona soccata, Dacus spp., Liriomyza spp., Melanagromyza spp., from the order Acarina, for example, Aceria mangiferae, Brevipalpus spp., Eriophyes spp., Oligonychus mangiferus, Oligonychus punicae, Panonychus citri, Panonychus ulmi, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Tarsonemus spp., Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus cinnabarinus.