DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION:

The present invention contemplates synergistic insecticidal mixtures comprising of Flupyrimin and one more insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos and one or more inactive excipients. The present invention also contemplates synergistic insecticidal composition comprising of Flupyrimin and one more insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos The present invention also relates to process for preparing the said mixtures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:

Flupyrimin was first disclosed in EP0268915A2 by Bayer. Flupyrimin, chemically known as [N-[(E)-1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) pyridin-2(1H)-ylidene]- 2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide and having chemical structure as below;

There are many formulations or composition available in combination in one or another in varying concentration as mentioned below;

CN102246766A describes an insecticidal composition containing flonicamid and pymetrozine. The insecticidal composition formed by the binary mixing of the flonicamid and the pymetrozine which serve as active ingredients, wherein a weight ratio of the two active ingredients is (1-80):(85-1), and preferably is (5-40):(75-10); the total mass percentage content of the active ingredients in the insecticidal composition is between 1 and 90 percent, and preferably is between 8 and 70 percent, and the rest is auxiliary ingredients which are permitted to be used and acceptable in pesticides.

CN104920382A discloses pesticide, in particular to a low-volume spray containing pymetrozine and tolfenpyrad. The spray comprises, by mass, 10%-50% of pymetrozine, 1%-20% of tolfenpyrad, 5%-15% of tea saponin and the balance of water. In the preparation process, the water and the tea saponin are added into a mixing kettle to be evenly mixed, then the pymetrozine and the tolfenpyrad are added to be sufficiently dispersed into the mixed liquor of the water and the tea saponin, grinding is performed through a sand mill, sampling is performed, and after the sample is detected to be qualified, filling and packaging are performed.

CN103621541A discloses a synergistic insecticidal composition containing clothianidin and tolfenpyrad and applications thereof. The synergistic insecticidal composition employs clothianidin and tolfenpyrad as main effective components, wherein, the weight ratio of clothianidin to tolfenpyrad is 0.1-60:0.1-50.

CN103960277A discloses pesticide composition containing tolfenpyrad and dinotefuran. The pesticide composition comprises a first effective component, namely, the tolfenpyrad, the second effective component, namely, the dinotefuran, and common assistant components, wherein the weight ratio of the tolfenpyrad to the dinotefuran is in a range of 20:1-1:20, and the total weight of the tolfenpyrad and the dinotefuran accounts for 5%-80% of the weight of the pesticide composition.

CN101700034A discloses a synergistic pesticide composition which takes buprofezin and dinotefuran as effective ingredients and the mass ratio of the buprofezin and dinotefuran is 50:1-1:50. The pesticide composition is suitable for rice, cotton, fruit tree, vegetables for preventing various homoptera insect pests such as plant hoppers, leaf hoppers and aleyrodid; the synergia pesticide composition has the advantages that: the control effect including quick action and sustaining action is high, low dose administration and less environmental pollution.

The main concern with the use of insecticide is the development of resistance by the insects for that particular insecticide and at the end one has to apply more concentrated formulation of the insecticide. The high amount of insecticide may results in the toxicity to human beings as well as has bad effect on environment.

Previously people have tried many alternatives and option to overcome this problem and as a result developed poly mixture of insecticide, use of nontoxic ingredients and developing novel formulations which provides effective amount of the insecticide and at the required part only.

However the use of poly mixture containing large number of insecticide poses a problem in many was like preparing formulation of multiple insecticides with different chemical properties and behavior and physical properties. It also creates challenge for the formulator in term of compatibility and stability of all the insecticides along with the used excipients in the formulation.

However still there is a need for a formulation of specific insecticides which overcomes some of the existing problems and can be prepared easily without much complex manufacturing process.

Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that synergistic mixtures of flupyrimin and one more insecticide as described herein can provide solution to the above problems by showing synergistic effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a synergistic insecticidal mixtures comprising Flupyrimin and one more insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos and one or more inactive excipients.

Further the present invention also relates to process for preparing the synergistic mixtures comprising Flupyrimin and one more insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos and one or more inactive excipients.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides synergistic insecticidal mixtures comprising Flupyrimin and one more insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos and one or more inactive excipients.

The present invention also contemplates synergistic insecticidal composition comprising of Flupyrimin and one more insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos and one or more inactive excipients.

The term formulation and composition as used herein conveys the same meaning and can be used interchangeably.

"Effective amounts” as mentioned herein means that amount which, when applied treatment of crops, is sufficient to effect such treatment.

The insecticidal composition of the present invention can be prepared in various physical forms, for example in the form of Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible Concentrate (DC), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion-Water in oil (EO), Emulsion-oil in water (EW), Flowable concentrate (FS), Granules (GR), Micro emulsion (ME), Oil Dispersion (OD), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension Concentrate (SC), Suspo emulsion (SE), Water soluble granules (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water soluble powder (SP), Water soluble tablets (ST), Water dispersible granules (WG), Wettable powders (WS), Water dispersible powder (WS), Mix formulation of CS and SC (ZC), mix formulation of CS and SE (ZE), mix formulation of CS and EW (ZW).

The concentration or ratio of active ingredients in the composition can play important role to achieve synergistic effect with desired result. As per present invention, the concentration of Flupyrimin is in the range from 1 to 50% and one more insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos in in the range from 1 to 50%.

As per one embodiment, the present mixtures is to be used to manage or control insects in crops selected from GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) and Non GMO varieties of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Jute (Corchorus oliotorus), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Ragi (Eleusine coracana), Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Linseed (Linum usitatissimum), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Castor (Ricinus communis), Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Psyllium (Plantago ovate), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), Safed musli (Chlorophytum tuberosum), Drum stick (Moringa oleifera), Coconut (Coco nucifera), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis), Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii), Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus).

As per one embodiment, the present mixtures preferably is active against normally sensitive and resistant species and against all or some stages of development and the insects including insects-pests from the order of the Lepidoptera, for example Agrotis ypsilon, Alabama argillacea, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Cacoecia murinana, Capua reticulana, Chilo auricilius, Chilo infuscatellus, Chilo partellus, Chilo sacchariphagus, Chilo suppressalis, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura occidentalis, Cirphis unipuncta, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Cydia pomonella, Diatraea saccharalis, Dendrolimus pini, Diaphania nitidalis, Earias vittella, Earias insulana, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Emmalocera depressella, Eupoecilia ambiguella, Evetria bou-liana, Exelastis atomosa, Feltia subterranea, Galleria mellonella, Grapholitha funebrana, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa virescens, Helicoverpa zea, Hellula undalis, Hibernia defoliaria, Hyphantria cunea, Hyponomeuta malinellus, Keiferia lycopersicella, Laphygma exigua, Leucinodes orbonalis, Leucoptera coffeella, Leucoptera scitella, Lithocol-letis blancardella, Lobesia botrana, Loxostege sticticalis, Lymantria dispar, Lymantria monacha, Lyonetia clerkella, Malacosoma neustria, Mamestra brassicae, Marasmia pantalis, Maruca vitrata, Maruca testulalis, Mythimna separata, Orgyia pseu-dotsugata, Ostrinia nubilalis, Panolis flammea, Pectinophora gossypiella, Peridroma saucia, Phalera bucephala, Phthorimaea operculella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris bras-sicae, Plathypena scabra, Plutella xylostella, Pseudoplusia includens, Rhyacionia frus-trana, Scirpophaga excerptallis, Scirpophaga incertulas, Scirpophaga innotata, Scrobipalpula absoluta, Sesamia inferens, Sitotroga cerealella, Sparganothis pilleriana, Spilosoma obliqua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Thaumatopoea pityocampa, Tortrix viridana, Trichoplusia ni, Tryporyza novella, Tuta absoluta and Zeiraphera Canadensis. beetles (Coleoptera), for example Adoretus bicolor, Agrilus sinuatus, Agriotes lineatus, Agriotes obscu-rus, Amphimallus solstitialis, Anisandrus dispar, Anthonomus grandis, Anthonomus pomorum, Anomala benghalensis, Aphthona euphoridae, Apogonia aerea, Athous haemorrhoidalis, Atomaria linearis, Blasto-phagus piniperda, Blitophaga undata, Bruchus rufimanus, Bruchus pisorum, Bruchus lentis, Byctiscus betulae, Cassida nebulosa, Cerotoma trifurcata, Cetonia aurata, Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis, Ceuthorrhynchus napi, Chaetocnema tibialis, Chiloloba acuta, Conoderus vespertinus, Crioceris asparagi, Ctenicera ssp., Diabrotica longicornis, Diabrotica semipunctata, Diabrotica punctata, Diabrotica speciosa, Diabrotica virgifera, Dicladispa armigera, Epila-chna varivestis, Epitrix hirtipennis, Eutinobothrus brasiliensis, Holotrichia bicolor, Holotrichia consanguinea, Holotrichia serrata, Hylobius abietis, Hypera brunneipennis, Hypera postica, Ips typographus, Lema bilineata, Lema melanopus, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Lepidiota stigma, Limonius califomicus, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Maladera indica, Melanotus communis, Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha hippocastani, Melolontha melolontha, Oberea brevis, Oulema oryzae, Ortiorrhynchus sulcatus, Otiorrhynchus ovatus, Phaedon cochleariae, Phyllobius pyri, Phyllotreta chrysocephala, Phyllophaga sp., Phyllopertha horticola, Phyllotreta nemorum, Phyllotreta striolata, Popillia japonica, Sitona lineatus and Sito-philus gran aria, flies, mosquitoes (Diptera), e.g. Atherigona orientalis, Calliphora vicina, Ceratitis capitata, Chrysomya bezziana, Chrysomya hominivorax, Chrysomya macellaria, Chrysops discalis, Chrysops silacea, Chrysops atlanticus, Cochliomyia hominivorax, Contarinia sorghicola Cordylobia anthropophaga, Culicoides furens, Culiseta inornata, Culiseta melanura, Dacus cucurbi-tae, Dacus oleae, Dasineura brassicae, Delia antique, Delia coarctata, Delia platura, Delia radicum, Dermatobia hominis, Fannia canicularis, Geomyza Tripunctata, Gaster-ophilus intestinalis, Glossina morsitans, Glossina palpalis, Glossina fuscipes, Glossina tachinoides, Haematobia irritans, Haplodiplosis equestris, Hippelates spp., Hylemyia platura, Hypoderma lineata, Leptoconops torrens, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza trifolii, Lucilia caprina, Lucilia cuprina, Lucilia sericata, Lycoria pectoralis, Mansonia titillanus, Mayetiola destructor, Melanagromyza obtuse, Muscina stabulans, Oestrus ovis, Ophiomyia phaseli, Opomyza florum, Orseolia oryzae, Oscinella frit, Pegomya hysocyami, Phorbia antiqua, Phorbia brassicae, Phor-bia coarctata, Phlebotomus argentipes, Psorophora columbiae, Psila rosae, Psoro-phora discolor, Prosimulium mixtum, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhagoletis pomonella, Sar-cophaga haemorrhoidalis, Sarcophaga sp., Simulium vittatum, Stomoxys calcitrans, Tabanus bovinus, Tabanus atratus, Tabanus lineola, and Tabanus similis, Tipula ol-eracea, and Tipula paludosa, thrips (Thysanoptera), e.g. Dichromothrips corbetti, Dichromothrips ssp, Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella tritici, Scirtothrips citri, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips oryzae, Thrips palmi and Thrips tabaci, termites (Isoptera), e.g. Calotermes flavicollis, Coptotermes formosanus, Heterotermes aureus, Leucotermes flavipes, Microtermes obesi, Odontotermes obesus, Reticulitermes flavipes, Termes natalensis, cockroaches (Blattaria - Blattodea), e.g. Blattella germanica, Penplaneta americana, Periplaneta japonica and Blatta orientalis, true bugs (Hemiptera), e.g. Acrosternum hilare, Acyrtho-siphon pisum, Acyrthosiphon onobrychis, Adelges laricis, Aleurolobus barodensis, Amrasca biguttula biguttula, Amrasca devastans, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aphidula nasturtii, Aphis fabae, Aphis forbesi, Aphis pomi, Aphis gossypii, Aphis crassivora, Aphis grossulariae, Aphis schneideri, Aphis spiraecola, Aphis sambuci, Aulacorthum solani, Bemisia argentifolii, Bemisia tabaci, Brachycaudus cardui, Brachy-caudus helichrysi, Brachycaudus persicae, Brachycaudus prunicola, Brevicoryne brassicae, Capitophorus horni, Cavalerius sweeti, Cerosipha gossypii, Ceratovacuna lanigera, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Cicadulina spp., Clavigralla gibbosa, Cryptomyzus ribis, Dreyfusia nordmannianae, Dreyfusia piceae, Dysdercus cingulatus, Dysaphis radicola, Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani, Dysaphis plantaginea, Dysaphis pyri, Empoasca fabae, Hyalopterus pruni, Hyperomyzus lactucae, Idioscopus spp. Leptoglossus phyllopus, Leptocorisa acuta, Lygus lineolaris, Lygus pratensis, Macrosiphum avenae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Ma-crosiphon rosae, Megoura viciae, Melanaphis pyrarius, Metopolophium dirhodum, My-zus persicae, Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus cerasi, Myzus varians, Nezara viridula, Nasonovia ribis-nigri, Nilaparvata lugens, Nephotettix virescens, Nephotettix nigropictus, Pemphigus bursarius, Perkinsiella saccharicida, Peregrinus maidis, Phorodon humuli, Planococcus spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pyrilla perpusilla, Psylla mail, Psylla piri, Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosi-phum padi, Rhopalosiphum insertum, Saccharicoccus sacchari, Sappaphis mala, Sappaphis mail, Schizaphis graminum, Schizoneura lanuginosa, Sitobion avenae, Sogatella furcifera, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Toxoptera aurantiia, Psylla spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Sitobion spp., ants, bees, wasps, sawflies (Hymenoptera), e.g. Athalia rosae, Atta cephalotes, Atta capiguara, Atta cephalotes, Atta laevigata, Atta robusta, Atta sexdens, Atta texana, Crematogaster spp., Hoplocampa minuta, Hoplocampa testudinea, Monomorium pha-raonis, Solenopsis geminata, Solenopsis invicta, Solenopsis richteri, Solenopsis xyloni, Pogonomyrmex barbatus, Pogonomyrmex californicus, Pheidole megacephala, Dasy-mutilla occidentalis, Bombus spp. Vespula squamosa, Paravespula vulgaris, Paraves-pula pennsylvanica, Paravespula germanica, Dolichovespula maculata, Vespa crabro, Polistes rubiginosa, Camponotus floridanus, and Linepithema humile, crickets, grasshoppers, locusts (Orthoptera), e.g. Acheta domestica, Gryllotalpa gryllo-talpa, Locusta migratoria, Melanoplus bivittatus, Melanoplus femurrubrum, Melanoplus mexicanus, Melanoplus sanguinipes, Melanoplus spretus, Nomadacris septemfasciata, Schistocerca americana, Schistocerca gregaria, Dociostaurus maroccanus, Tachycines asynamorus, Oedaleus senegalensis, Zonozerus variegatus, Hieroglyphus daganensis, Kraussaria angulifera, Calliptamus italicus, Chortoicetes terminifera, and Locustana pardalina, Arachnoidea, such as arachnids (Acarina), e.g. of the families Argasidae, Ixodidae and Sarcoptidae, such as Amblyomma americanum, Amblyomma variegatum, Ambryomma maculatum, Argas persicus, Boophilus annulatus, Boophilus decoloratus, Boophilus microplus, Dermacentor silvarum, Dermacentor andersoni, Dermacentor variabilis, Hyalomma truncatum, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes rubicundus, Ixodes scapularis, Ixodes holocyclus, Ixodes pacificus, Ornithodorus moubata, Ornithodorus hermsi, Ornithodo-rus turicata, Ornithonyssus bacoti, Otobius megnini, Dermanyssus gallinae, Psoroptes ovis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi, Sarcoptes scabiei, and Eriophyidae spp. such as Aculus schlechtendali, Phyllocoptrata oleivora and Eriophyes sheldoni; Tarsonemidae spp. such as Phytonemus pallidus and Polyphagotarsonemus latus; Tenuipalpidae spp. such as Brevipalpus phoenicis; Tetra-nychidae spp. such as Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus kanzawai, Tetranychus pacificus, Tetranychus telarius and Tetranychus urticae, Panonychus ulmi, Panony-chus citri, and Oligonychus pratensis; Araneida, e.g. Latrodectus mactans, and Loxos-celes reclusa, fleas (Siphonaptera), e.g. Ctenocephalides felis, Ctenocephalides canis, Xenopsylla cheopis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans, and Nosopsyllus fasciatus, silverfish, firebrat (Thysanura), e.g. Lepisma saccharina and Thermobia domestica, centipedes (Chilopoda), e.g. Scutigera coleoptrata, millipedes (Diplopoda), e.g. Narceus spp., Earwigs (DermapteraJ, e.g. forficula auricularia, lice (Phthiraptera), e.g. Pediculus humanus capitis, Pediculus humanus corporis, Pthi-rus pubis, Haematopinus eurystemus, Haematopinus suis, Linognathus vituli, Bovicola bovis, Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus and Solenopotes capillatus.

Plant parasitic nematodes such as root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloi-dogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne exigua, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica and other Meloidogyne species; cyst nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis, Globodera pallida, Globodera tabacum and other Globodera species, Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodera trifolii, and other Heterodera species; seed gall nematodes, Anguina funesta, Anguina tritici and other Anguina species; stem and foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides besseyi, Aphelen-choides fragariae, Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi and other Aphelenchoides species; sting nematodes, Belonolaimus longicaudatus and other Belonolaimus species; pine nematodes, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other Bursaphelenchus species; ring ne-matodes, Criconema species, Criconemella species, Criconemoides species, and Me-socriconema species; stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus destructor, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Ditylenchus myceliophagus and other Ditylenchus species; awl nematodes, Dolichodorus species; spiral nematodes, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Helicotylenchus multicinctus and other Helicotylenchus species, Rotylenchus robustus and other Roty-lenchus species; sheath nematodes, Hemicycliophora species and Hemicriconemoides species; Hirshmanniella species; lance nematodes, Hoplolaimus columbus, Hoplolai-mus galeatus and other Hoplolaimus species; false root-knot nematodes, Nacobbus aberrans and other Nacobbus species; needle nematodes, Longidorus elongates and other Longidorus species; pin nematodes, Paratylenchus species; lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus brachyurus, Pratylenchus coffeae, Pratylenchus curvitatus, Pratylenchus goodeyi, Pratylencus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus scribneri, Pratylenchus vulnus, Pratylenchus zeae and other Pratylenchus species; Radinaphelenchus cocophilus and other Radinaphelenchus species; burrowing nematodes, Radopholus similis and other Radopholus species; reniform nematodes, Rotylenchulus reniformis and other Rotylenchulus species; Scutellonema species; stubby root nematodes, Tri-chodorus primitivus and other Trichodorus species; Paratrichodorus minor and other Paratrichodorus species; stunt nematodes, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, Tylenchorhyn-chus dubius and other Tylenchorhynchus species and Merlinius species; citrus nematodes, Tylenchulus semipenetrans and other Tylenchulus species; dagger nematodes, Xiphinema americanum, Xiphinema index, Xiphinema diversicaudatum and other Xi-phinema species; and other plant parasitic nematode species.

The mixtures according to the invention can be applied to any and all developmental stages of pests, such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The pests may be controlled by contacting the target pest, its food supply, habitat, breeding ground or its locus with a pesticidally effective amount of the inventive mixtures or of compositions comprising the mixtures.

The mixtures of the present invention in addition to Flupyrimin and one more insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos further comprises inactive excipients including but not limited to dispersant, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, anti-microbial agent, thickener, quick coating agent or sticking agents (also referred to as “stickers” or “binders”) and buffering agent.

A dispersant is a substance which adsorbs onto the surface of particles and helps to preserve the state of dispersion of the particles and prevents them from re-aggregating. Dispersants are added to agrochemical formulations to facilitate dispersion and suspension during manufacture, and to ensure the particles re-disperse into water in a spray tank. They are widely used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water-dispersible granules. Surfactants that are used as dispersants have the ability to adsorb strongly onto a particle surface and provide a charged or steric barrier to re-aggregation of particles. The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, non-ionic, or mixtures of the two types. For wettable powder formulations, the most common dispersants are sodium lignosulphonates. For suspension concentrates, very good adsorption and stabilization are obtained using polyelectrolytes, such as sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates. Tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphate esters are also used. Non-ionics such as alkylarylethylene oxide condensates and EO-PO block copolymers are sometimes combined with anionics as dispersants for suspension concentrates. In recent years, new types of very high molecular weight polymeric surfactants have been developed as dispersants. These have very long hydrophobic ‘backbones’ and a large number of ethylene oxide chains forming the ‘teeth’ of a ‘comb’ surfactant. These high molecular weight polymers can give very good long-term stability to suspension concentrates because the hydrophobic backbones have many anchoring points onto the particle surfaces. Examples of dispersants used herein include but not limited to sodium lignosulphonates; sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates; tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphate esters; aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates; alky ethoxylates; EO-PO block copolymers; and graft copolymers or mixtures thereof.

Anti-freezing agent as used herein can be selected from the group comprising of polyethylene glycols, methoxypolyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polybutylene glycols, glycerin and ethylene glycol or mixtures thereof.

Water-based formulations often cause foam during mixing operations in production. In order to reduce the tendency to foam, anti-foam agents are often added either during the production stage or before filling into bottles. Generally, there are two types of anti-foam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous emulsions of dimethyl polysiloxane while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are water-insoluble oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface.

A wetting agent is a substance that when added to a liquid increases the spreading or penetration power of the liquid by reducing the interfacial tension between the liquid and the surface on which it is spreading. Wetting agents are used for two main functions in agrochemical formulations: during processing and manufacture to increase the rate of wetting of powders in water to make concentrates for soluble liquids or suspension concentrates; and during mixing of a product with water in a spray tank or other vessel to reduce the wetting time of wettable powders and to improve the penetration of water into water-dispersible granules. Examples of wetting agents used in wettable powder, suspension concentrate, and water-dispersible granule formulations include but not limited to sodium lauryl sulphate; sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate; alkyl phenol ethoxylates; and aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates or mixtures thereof.

Suspension aid in the present description denotes a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic material with which the active substance is combined in order to facilitate its application to the plant, to the seeds or to the soil. This carrier is hence generally inert, and it must be agriculturally acceptable, in particular to the plant being treated. The carrier may be solid (clays, natural or synthetic silicates, silica, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, and the like or mixtures thereof) or liquid (water, alcohols, ketones, petroleum fractions, aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, liquefied gases, and the like or mixtures thereof).

Biocides / Microorganisms cause spoilage of formulated products. Therefore anti-microbial agents are used to eliminate or reduce their effect. Examples of such agents include, but are not limited to: propionic acid and its sodium salt; sorbic acid and its sodium or potassium salts; benzoic acid and its sodium salt; p-hydroxy benzoic acid sodium salt; methyl p-hydroxy benzoate; and biocide such as sodium benzoate, 1,2-benzisothiazoline-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, potassium sorbate, parahydroxy benzoates or mixtures thereof.

Thickeners or gelling agents are used mainly in the formulation of suspension concentrates, emulsions and suspoemulsions to modify the rheology or flow properties of the liquid and to prevent separation and settling of the dispersed particles or droplets. Thickening, gelling, and anti-settling agents generally fall into two categories, namely water-insoluble particulates and water-soluble polymers. It is possible to produce suspension concentrate formulations using clays and silicas. Examples of these types of materials, include, but are limited to, montmorillonite, e.g. bentonite; magnesium aluminum silicate; and attapulgite. Water-soluble polysaccharides have been used as thickening-gelling agents for many years. The types of polysaccharides most commonly used are natural extracts of seeds and seaweeds are synthetic derivatives of cellulose or mixtures thereof. Examples of these types of materials include, but are not limited to, guar gum; locust bean gum; carrageenam; xanthan gum; alginates; methyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC); hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) or mixtures thereof. Other types of anti-settling agents are based on modified starches, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene oxide or mixtures thereof.

The quick coating agent can be a conventionally available sticker, for example polyesters, polyamides, poly- carbonates, polyurea and polyurethanes, acrylate polymers and copolymers, styrene copolymers, butadiene copolymers, polsaccharides such as starch and cellulose derivatives, vinylal- cohol, vinylacetate and vinylpyrrolidone polymers and copolymers, polyethers, epoxy, phenolic and melamine resins, polyolefins and define copolymers and mixtures thereof. Examples of preferred polymers are acrylate polymers such as poly(methacrylate), poly( ethyl methacrylate ), poly(methylmethacrylate), acrylate copoylmers and styrene-acrylic copolymers as defined herein below , poly(styrene-co maleic anhydride), cellulosic polymers such as ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetatebutyrate, acetylated mono-, di-, and triglycerides, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), vinyl acetate polymers and copolymers, poly(alkylene glycol), styrene butadiene copolymers, poly(orthoesters), alkyd resins, and mixtures of two or more of these. Polymers that are biodegradable are also useful in the present invention. As used herein, a polymer is biodegradable if is not water soluble, but is degraded over a period of several weeks when placed in an application environment. Examples of biodegradable polymers that are useful in the present method include biodegradable polyesters, starch, polylactic acid -starch blends, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymers, polydioxanone, cellulose es- ters, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, starch esters, starch ester - aliphatic polyester blends, modified corn starch, polycaprolactone, poly(n-amylmethacrylate), wood rosin, polyan- hydrides, polyvinylalcohol, polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, and polyhydroxybutyrate or mixtures thereof.

Buffering agent as used herein is selected from group consisting of calcium hydroxyapatite, Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Sodium Hydroxide, carbonated apatite, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphates, carbonated calcium phosphates, amine monomers, lactate dehydrogenase, magnesium hydroxide or mixtures thereof.

The solvent for the formulation of the present invention may include water, water-soluble alcohols and dihydroxy alcohol ethers. The water-soluble alcohol which can be used in the present invention may be lower alcohols or water-soluble macromolecular alcohols. The term "lower alcohol", as used herein, represents an alcohol having 1-4 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, etc. Macromolecular alcohol is not limited, as long as it may be dissolved in water in a suitable amount range, e.g., polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, glucitol, etc. The examples of suitable dihydroxy alcohol ethers used in the present invention may be dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ethers or dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers. The examples of dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ether include ethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, dipropylene glycol ethyl ether, etc. The examples of dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers include ethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, dipropylene glycol phenyl ether, and the like. Any of the above mentioned solvent can be used either alone or in combination thereof.

As per one embodiment, the inactive excipients mentioned above are to be used for preparing formulation of present invention. However as per one more embodiment, the inactive excipients mentioned below to be used based on final formulation.

Inactive excipients used in WG (Water Dispersible Granule) formulation: Dispersing agents: Sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, Modified polyacrylate copolymer, Sodium polycarboxylate, Sodium Ligno sulfonate, Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate-sodium salt, Alcohol block co-polymer etc;, Wetting agents: Blend of naphthalene sulfonate condensate & phenol sulfonate condensate, blend of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Sodium lauryl sulfate, Blend of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and anionic wetting agent, Sodium n-butyl naphthalene sulfonate, Sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, Blend of sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate etc., suspending agents: silicon dioxide etc, anticaking agents: Urea formaldehyde resin / Urea-methanol etc, defoaming agents: silicone antifoam emulsion etc, binders: corn starch, Polyvinylpyrrolidone etc, fillers: lactose, china clay/kaolin, titanium dioxide, talcum powder, diatomaceous earth etc, wetting, dispersing agent, stabilizer, sanitizers and defoaming agent: fatty amine ethoxylate etc., stabilizer, emulsifier and dispersing agent: polyacrylate co-polymer, polyacrylate polymer sodium salt etc.

Inactive excipients used in SC (Suspension Concentrate (= flow able concentrate) formulation: Dispersing agent: Acrylic graft copolymer, Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, Sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, Sodium Ligno sulfonate etc., Dispersing agent cum Emulsifier: Polyalkoxy alkyl ether, Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer etc,, Dispersing agent & Wetting agent: Polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol etc., Wetting agent & Spreader: Trisiloxane ethoxylate etc., Wetting agent & Emulsifier: Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate etc., Antifoaming agent: Silicone antifoam emulsion, Dimethylsiloxane, Polydimethyl siloxane etc., Rheology Modifier,Thickner: Polysaccharide etc., Anti freezing Agent: Glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), Glycerin etc., Biocide/Preservative: 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, Sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, Formaldehyde, Sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one etc., Suspending aid: Aluminum Magnesium Silicate etc., Suspending and Anticaking agent: Silicone dioxide etc., Spreader: Organo modified Trisiloxane etc., Sticker and Penetrant: Poly glycerol ester etc., Deposition aid: Polyether etc.

Inactive excipients used in SE (Suspo emulsion) formulation: Solvent: n-Octanol etc., Wetting and emulsifier: Octyl Phenol Ethoxylate, Polyoxyethylene (8) nonyl phenol, Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate etc., Dispersing agent: Acrylic graft copolymer etc., Dispersing agent & Emulsifier: Polyalkoxy alkyl ether, Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, Sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate etc., Dispersing and wetting agent: Polyarylphenyl ether phosphate etc., Co-dispersant/Wetting agent: Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol etc., Spreading and Wetting agent: Trisiloxane ethoxylate etc., Antifoam: Silicone antifoam emulsion etc., Suspending aid and anticaking agent: Silicone dioxide etc., Rheology Modifier,Thickner: Polysaccharide etc., Antifreezing Agent: Glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol) etc., Biocide/Preservative: 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, Sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, Formaldehyde etc.

Inactive excipients used in WP (Wettable Powder) formulation: Anti caking agent: Urea formaldehyde resin / Urea-methanol etc., Binder: Polyvinylpyrrolidone etc., Binder and Filler: Corn starch etc., Defoamer: Silicone antifoam emulsion etc., Dispersing agent: Sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, Modified polyacrylate copolymer, Sodium polycarboxylate, Sodium Ligno sulfonate, Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium salt, Polyacrylate co-polymer etc., Filler: Lactose, China clay/Kaolin, Titanium dioxide, Talcum powder, Diatomaceous earth etc., Suspending agent, Anti-caking Agent, Filler: Silicon dioxide etc., Wetting agent: blend of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Sodium lauryl sulfate, Blend of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and anionic wetting agent, Sodium n-butyl naphthalene sulfonate, Sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, Blend of sodium alkyl aryl sulfonates, Wetting and Dispersing agent: Blend of naphthalene sulfonate condensate & phenol sulfonate condensate etc.

Inactive excipients used in ME (Micro-emulsion) formulation: Solvent: N,N-Dimethyldecanamide, N-Methylpyrrolidone, Cyclohexane etc., Dispersing Agent,Emulsifier: Ethoxylated TristyrylPhenol etc., Wetting & Dispersing agent and Emulsifier: Polyalkoxylated butyl ether, Anti freezing Agent: Glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), Glycerin etc., Biocide/Preservative: 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, Sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, Formaldehyde, Sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one etc.

Inactive excipients used in OD (Oil Dispersion) formulation: Solvent: N,N-Dimethyldecanamide, Non Ionic emulsifier: Unsaturated Fatty alcohol, Ethoxylated etc., Anionic emulsifier: Calcium Alkyl Benzen Sulphonate etc., Dispersing agent and emulsifier: Ethoxylated TristyrylPhenol, Emulsifier and anti-flocculant: 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenylhexadecyl-,homopolymer etc., Rheology Modifier,Thickner: Polyamide etc., Green solvent and carrier: Fatty acid methyl ester etc., Spreading and wetting agent: Trisiloxane ethoxylate etc, Dispersing agent: Polyacrylate co-polymer, Polyarylalkylphenol polyethylene glycol phosphoric acid ester, Polyether phosphate, Nonionic modified polyether etc.

Inactive excipients used in EC(Emulsifiable concentrate) formulation : Solvent: Mixture of heavy aromatic hydrocarbons / C IX, Xylene, Biodiesel, n-Butanol (NBA), toluene, diesel, methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, isopropyl alcohol, turpentine, mineral spirits, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, water and other solvents one or a mixture of more at an arbitrary ratio mixtures thereof, Solvent - C-9, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone etc., Emulsifiers, Wetting agents, Dispersants, Stabilizers: Polyaryl Phenol Ethoxylate etc., Emulsifier: Calcium Dodecyl Benzene Sulphonate with fatty acids, Blend of Polyaryl phenol ethoxylate and calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate etc., Polyoxyethylene ethers, Polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether sulfosuccinates, Styryl phenol ethoxylates, Nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ethers, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers any one or more at an arbitrary ratio mixtures thereof. Spreader, Sticker, Penetrant, Surface tension reducer: Alkyl polyethylene glycol ether etc., Sticker, Surface tension reducer, Binder: Polyvinylpyrrolidone etc.

Inactive excipients used in Granules (Ready to use) formulation : Filler: China clay, Vermiculite, Quartz sand, Silica, River sand, Diatomaceous earth, Corn cob grits, Montmorillonite, Kaolin, Talc, Calcium carbonate , Filler cum Absorbent: Aluminium phyllosilicate clay (bentonite clay) etc., Emulsifier, Wetting agents, Dispersants cum Stabilizers: Polyaryl Phenol Ethoxylate etc., Emulsifiers: Calcium Dodecyl Benzene Sulphonate, Isopropyl alcohol phosphate, Polyoxy ethylene ethanoxy ether & dihydroxy diethyl ether blend etc., Anti-caking and Free-flow agent: Precipitated Silica, Urea formaldehyde Resin, Sodium montmorillonite (Bentonite) etc.

1. The combination of present invention are synergistic in terms of efficacy against target insect pests.
2. Lower toxicity to non-target organisms like mammals and other beneficial insects
3. The composition of the present invention has no phytotoxic effect on crops.
4. The composition of the present invention is stable.

The application rates for the synergistic insecticidal composition of flupyrimin and pymetrozine, flupyrimin and flonicamid, flupyrimin and tolfenpyrad, flupyrimin and buprofezin, flupyrimin and triflumezopyrim, flupyrimin and Imidacloprid, flupyrimin and Thiamethoxam, flupyrimin and clothianidin, flupyrimin and dinotefuran, flupyrimin and nitenpyram, flupyrimin and sulfoxaflor, flupyrimin and flupyradifurone, flupyrimin and acephate, flupyrimin and dichlorvos can be influenced by many factor of environment and the desired effect and should be determined under actual use conditions.
Depending on the desired effect, application rate of synergistic combination of flupyrimin and pymetrozine, flupyrimin and flonicamid, flupyrimin and tolfenpyrad, flupyrimin and buprofezin, flupyrimin and triflumezopyrim, flupyrimin and Imidacloprid, flupyrimin and Thiamethoxam, flupyrimin and clothianidin, flupyrimin and dinotefuran, flupyrimin and nitenpyram, flupyrimin and sulfoxaflor, flupyrimin and flupyradifurone, flupyrimin and acephate, flupyrimin and dichlorvos are from 1 to 750 g/h (namely a sum of the application rate of the both the active ingredients)
Depending on the desired effect, application rate of flupyrimin are from 1 g/ha to 200 g/ha, pymetrozine are from 1 g/ha to 150 g/ha, flonicamid are from 1 g/ha to 150 g/ha, tolfenpyrad are from 1 g/ha to 150 g/ha, buprofezin are from 1 g/ha to 300 g/ha, triflumezopyrim are from 1 g/ha to 20 g/ha, Thiamethoxam are from 1 g/ha to 150 g/ha, clothianidin are from 1 g/ha to 150 g/ha, dinotefuran are from 1 g/ha to 150 g/ha, nitenpyram are from 1 g/ha to 150 g/ha, sulfoxaflor are from 1 g/ha to 100 g/ha, flupyradifurone are from 1 g/ha to 100 g/ha, acephate are from 1 g/ha to 500 g/ha and dichlorvos are from 1 g/ha to 500 g/ha.

Example 1: Water Dispersible Granules formulation of Flupyrimin 20%+Pymetrozine 20%

Chemical composition % (w/w)
Flupyrimin a.i. 20.00
Pymetrozine a.i. 20.00
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 2.00
alkyl sulphonate 6.00
Sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, formaldehyde condensate 4.00
Lactose 15.00
Corn starch 25.00
PPT silica 8.00

TOTAL 100.00

Manufacturing process for Water Dispersible Granules (WG) by extrusion method
Step 1-Charge the required quantity of filler, wetting agent, dispersing agent, and suspending agent, & technical in premixing blender for homogenization for 30 minutes.
Step 2-Pre-blended material is then grinded through Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely grinded material is blended in post blender till it becomes homogeneous. (for approx 1.5 hr)
Step 3-Finely grinded powder is mixed with required quantity of water to form extrudable dough.
Step 4-Dough is passed through extruder to get granules of required size.
Step 5-Wet granules are passed through Fluidized bed drier and further graded using vibrating screens.
Step 6-Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 7-After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.
Manufacturing process for Water Dispersible Granules (WG) by spray dried method

Step 1-Charge required quantity of DM water need to be taken in designated vessel for production.
Step 2-Add required quantity of Wetting agent, dispersing agent, antifoam & suspending agents and homogenize the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear homogenizer.
Step 3-Add required quantity technical and homogenized to get uniform slurry ready for grinding.
Step 4-Now material is subjected to grinding in Bead mill till desired particle size is achieved.
Step 5-After grinding process completes the material is sprayed at required temperature.
Step 6-After completion of spray drying process material is collected and sent for QC department approval.
Step 7-After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.

Storage stability Study-Flupyrimin 20%+Pymetrozine 20% WG (Water Dispersible Granules)
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters specification (in house) initial heat stability at 54±2 0C cold stability at 0±2 0C
Flupyrimin content percent by mass 19 to 21 20.88 20.64 20.87
Pymetrozine contnet percent by mass 19 to 21 20.82 20.68 20.8
Flupyrimin suspensibility percent min. 70 95.17 93.25 94.15
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 94.25 91.27 93.65
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 7.5 7.05 7.03 7.05
wettability sec. max. 60 10 12 11
wet sieve (45 micron) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.3 99.1 99.2
bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.47 0.47 0.47
moisture content percent by mass max. max. 2% 0.8 0.4 0.6
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Flupyrimin content percent by mass 19 to 21 20.87 20.85 20.78
Pymetrozine contnet percent by mass 19 to 21 20.8 20.78 20.7
Flupyrimin suspensibility percent min. 70 94.80 94.78 94.75
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 93.01 92.83 92.50
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 7.5 7.05 7.04 7.03
wettability sec. max. 60 10 10 11
wet sieve (45 micron) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.3 99.3 99.2
bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.47 0.47 0.47
moisture content percent by mass max. max. 2% 0.8 0.7 0.6

Example 1: Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation of Flupyrimin 8%+Pymetrozine 16%.

Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Flupyrimin a.i. 8.00
Pymetrozine a.i. 16.00
Ethoxylated fatty alcohol 2.00
Acrylic graft copolymer 3.00
Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt 0.50
Silicone antifoam 0.50
1,2-benzisothiazol-3-one 0.20
Monoethylene glycol 5.00
Polysaccharides 0.15
D.M. water Q.S.
TOTOAL 100.00

Manufacturing process for Susp ension concentrate (SC) formulation

Step 1-Gum Solution should be made 12-18 hour prior to use. Take required quantity of water, biocide, and defoamer and homogenize, then slowly add gum powder to it and stir till complete dissolution.
Step 2-Charge required quantity of DM water need to be taken in designated vessel for Suspension concentrate production.
Step 3-Add required quantity of Wetting agent, antifreeze, dispersing agent & suspending agents and homogenize the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear homogenizer.
Step 4-Then add technical and other remaining adjuvants excluding ‘thickener’ are added to it and homogenized to get uniform slurry ready for grinding.
Step 5-Before grinding half the quantity of antifoam was added and then material was subjected to grinding in Dyno mill till desired particle size is achieved.
Step 6-Half quantity of the antifoam was added after grinding process completes and before sampling for in process analysis.
Step 7-Finally add gum solution to this formulation and send to QC for quality check.

Storage stability of Flupyrimin 8%+Pymetrozine 16% Suspension Concentrate (SC)

Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters specification (in house) initial heat stability at 54±2 0C cold stability at 0±2 0C
Flupyrimin content percent by mass 7.6 to 8.8 8.62 8.54 6.61
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 15.2 to 16.8 16.72 16.52 16.7
Flupyrimin suspensibility percent mini. 80 98.91 96.82 98.78
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent mini. 80 94.15 92.62 94.1
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.05 7.02 7.04
Pourability 95 % min 98.50 97.70 97.60
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.09 1.09 1.10
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 450 478 485
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 7.9 2.8, 9.2 2.7, 8.5
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 2 5 5
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters specification (in house) 1 month 6 month 12 month
Flupyrimin content percent by mass 7.6 to 8.8 8.64 8.62 8.59
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 15.2 to 16.8 16.72 16.70 16.64
Flupyrimin suspensibility percent mini. 80 98.94 98.9 97.82
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent mini. 80 97.84 97.8 96.78
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 7.5 7.05 7.04 7.03
Pourability 95 % min 98.4 98.3 98.1
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.09 1.07 1.02
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 450 462 488
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 7.9 2.3,8.0 2.4,8.5
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 2 3 5

Biological Examples:
The synergistic pesticide action of the inventive mixtures can be demonstrated by the experiments below. A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination (ready-mix) or tank mix of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticide activity than the sum of the pesticide activities of the individual components. In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined by Colby S.R. in an article entitled “ Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations” published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p.20-22, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The action expected for a given combination of two active components can be calculated as follows:
Colby’s Formula:

Example 1
To study the synergistic effect of Flupyrimin with Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Triflumezopyrim, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin and Acephate, a lab-field bioassay was conducted in paddy crop to control brown plan hopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens.
Details of Experiment:
a) Experiment design : Randomized Block Design
b) Replication : Three
c) Treatments : Sixteen
d) Plot size : 1 pot (2 seedling per pot)
e) Test Crop & Variety : Rice, Sona sugandh
f) Time of application : Application was done when minimum
25 BPH (nymphs+adults) per plant were
established.

Evaluation Method : The observation on live BPH (nymphs+adults) was recorded at 72 hrs. After spray. The percent insect control was worked out by below formula:

Table 1: Synergism against paddy BPH, Nilaparvata lugens
Treatments Formulation (ml or g) Per liter water % BPH control
Obs.
Value Cal.
Value Ratio of O/E
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Pymetrozine 50% WG 0.5 + 0.6 97.2 86.84 1.12
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Flonicamid 50% WG 0.5 + 0.5 96.4 85.08 1.13
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Tolfenpyrad 15% EC 0.5 + 1.25 94.6 83.39 1.13
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Triflumezopyrim 10% SC 0.5+0.2 92.8 84.72 1.10
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Thiamethoxam 25% WG 0.5 + 0.5 89.4 80.92 1.10
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Clothianidin 50% WG 0.5 + 0.25 89.8 81.13 1.11
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Acephate 95% SG 0.5 + 1.2 87.8 81.20 1.08
Flupyrimin 10% SC 0.5 64.8
Pymetrozine 50% WG 0.6 62.6
Flonicamid 50% WG 0.5 57.6
Tolfenpyrad 15% EC 1.25 52.8
Triflumezopyrim 10% SC 0.2 56.6
Thiamethoxam 25% WG 0.5 45.8
Clothianidin 50% WG 0.25 46.4
Acephate 95% SG 1.2 46.6
Untreated (water spray) 0 0.00
SC- Suspension concentrate, WG Wettable granule, EC- Emulsifiable concentrate, SG Soluble granule, BPH Brown Plant Hopper (Nilaparvata lugens)
The results of above experiment shows that combination of
Flupyrimin + Pymetrozine, Flupyrimin + Flonicamid, Flupyrimin + Tolfenpyrad, Flupyrimin + Triflumezopyrim, Flupyrimin+Thiamethoxam, Flupyrimin+Clothianidin and Flupyrimin+Acephate, shows synergism in terms of % brown plan hopper.

Example 2
To study the residual control of synergistic combination of Flupyrimin+Pymetrozine and Flupyrimin+Tolfenpyrad.
Details of Experiment:
a) Experiment design : Randomized Block Design
b) Replication : Three
c) Treatments : Eight
d) Plot size : 30 sq. m.
e) Test Crop & Variety : Paddy, Swarna Sugandh
f) Time of application : after BPH infestation.
g) Spray method : Manually operated knap sack sprayer,
using 375 liter per hectare water volume

Evaluation Method : The observation was recorded by counting the no. of BPH (nymphs+adults) per hill (five hills per plot) at 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after application. The percent insect control was worked out by below formula:

Table 2: Residual control of paddy BPH, Nilaparvata lugens under field condition
Treatments details Formulation (g or ml/h) % BPH Control
1 DAA 5 DAA 10 DAA 15 DAA 20 DAA
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Pymetrozine 50% WG 250+150 60.8 97.4 96.2 90.3 84.6
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Pymetrozine 50% WG 150+225 68.4 98.6 95.6 88.4 81.4
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Tolfenpyrad 15% EC 250+500 66.4 86.4 97.2 91.4 80.4
Flupyrimin 10% SC+ Tolfenpyrad 15% EC 150+750 70.4 89.4 94.6 90.2 82.6
Flupyrimin 10% SC 250 36.4 80.4 76.6 58.4 40.6
Pymetrozine 50% WG 225 48.6 78.6 86.2 68.8 46.4
Tolfenpyrad 15% EC 750 68.4 76.4 72.4 58.2 36.2
Untreated (water spray) 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

The synergistic combination of Flupyrimin+Pymetrozine and Flupyrimin+Tolfenpyrad provides long lasting (residual) control of paddy BPH under field condition. Both the combinations are not phytotoxic to paddy crop and also found safe to the beneficial insects mainly spider in the paddy crop ecosystem. This helps to reduce the number of insecticidal application for control of BPH in paddy crop, lower the active ingredient loading into the environment.
,CLAIMS:CLAIMS
We claim
[CLAIM 1] An insecticidal composition comprising
A) Flupyrimin;
B) insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos; and
C) one or more inactive excipients.

[CLAIM 2] The insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the component (A) Flupyrimin is in ratio of 1 to 50%, component (B) insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos is in ratio of 1 to 50%.

[CLAIM 3] The insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1-2, wherein inactive excipients are selected from the group consisting of dispersant, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, anti-microbial agent, thickener, quick coating agent or sticking agents (also referred to as “stickers” or “binders”), fillers, fillers and buffering agent.

[CLAIM 4] The insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1-3, wherein the formulations comprises of Suspension Concentrate (SC) or Water Dispersible Granules (WG) formulation.

[CLAIM 5] The insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the Suspension Concentrate (SC)formulation comprises:
a) component (A) Flupyrimin is in ratio of 1 to 50%, component (B) insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos is in ratio of 1 to 50%;
b) Ethoxylated fatty alcohol
c) Acrylic graft copolymer
d) Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt
e) Silicone antifoam
f) 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-one
g) Monoethylene glycol
h) Polysaccharides.

[CLAIM 6] The insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the Water Dispersible Granules (WDG) formulation comprises:
a) component (A) Flupyrimin is in ratio of 1 to 50%, component (B) insecticide selected from Pymetrozine, Flonicamid, Tolfenpyrad, Buprofezin, Triflumezopyrim, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Flupyradifurone, Fipronil, Acephate and Dichlorvos is in ratio of 1 to 50%;
b) Sodium Lauryl Sulfate;
c) alkyl sulphonate;
d) Sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, formaldehyde condensate;
e) Lactose;
f) Corn starch;
g) PPT silica;
h) China clay.

[CLAIM 7] The insecticidal composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said composition is to be used to manage or control Insect-pests in the crops selected from GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) and Non GMO varieties of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Maize (Zea mays), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Tea (Camellia sinensis), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) etc.

[CLAIM 8] The insecticidal composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said composition control pests and insects from the order of insects from the order of the Lepidoptera, for example cutworm Agrotis ypsilon, sugarcane shoot borer Chilo infuscatellus, sugarcane stalk borer Chilo partellus, sugarcane internode borer Chilo sacchariphagus, paddy/rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, apple colding moth Cydia pomonella, okra fruit borer Earias vittella, Earias insulana, Tomato fruit borer Helicoverpa armigera, tobacco budworm Helicoverpa virescens, corn earworm Helicoverpa zea, cabbage webworm Hellula undalis, Brinjal fruit and shoot borer Leucinodes orbonalis, bean pod borer Maruca vitrata, Maruca testulalis, armyworm Mythimna separata, cotton pinkbollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella, cabbage butterfly Pieris bras-sicae, diamond backmoth Plutella xylostella, paddy stem borer Scirpophaga excerptallis, Scirpophaga incertulas, Scirpophaga innotata, wheat stem borer Sesamia inferens, Sitotroga cerealella, Spilosoma obliqua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Trichoplusia ni, Tryporyza novella, Tuta absoluta. beetles (Coleoptera), for example Anthonomus grandis, Bruchus lentis, Diabrotica semipunctata, Diabrotica virgifera, Dicladispa armigera, Epila-chna varivestis, Holotrichia bicolor, Holotrichia consanguinea, Holotrichia serrata, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Phyllotreta chrysocephala, Popillia japonica.
flies, mosquitoes (Diptera), e.g. Atherigona orientalis, Calliphora vicina, Dacus cucurbi-tae, Liriomyza trifolii, Melanagromyza obtuse.
thrips (Thysanoptera), e.g. Dichromothrips ssp , Frankliniella occidentalis, Scirtothrips citri, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips oryzae, Thrips palmi and Thrips tabaci.
termites (Isoptera), e.g. Calotermes flavicollis, Coptotermes formosanus, Heterotermes aureus, Leucotermes flavipes, Microtermes obesi, Odontotermes obesus, Reticulitermes flavipes, Termes natalensis.
true bugs (Hemiptera), e.g. Amrasca biguttula biguttula, Amrasca devastans, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aphis gossypii, Aphis crassivora, Bemisia argentifolii, Bemisia tabaci, Brevicoryne brassicae, Clavigralla gibbosa, Empoasca fabae, Idioscopus spp., Lygus pratensis, Macrosiphum avenae, Myzus persicae, Nilaparvata lugens, Nephotettix virescens, Nephotettix nigropictus, Planococcus spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pyrilla perpusilla, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Saccharicoccus sacchari, Sitobion avenae, Sogatella furcifera, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Toxoptera aurantiia, Psylla spp., Rhopalosiphum spp.
Arachnoidea, such as arachnids (Acarina), e.g. of the families Argasidae, Ixodidae and Sarcoptidae, such as Amblyomma variegatum, Ambryomma maculatum, Boophilus microplus, Eriophyidae spp. such as Aculus schlechtendali, Phyllocoptrata oleivora and Eriophyes sheldoni; Tarsonemidae spp. such as Phytonemus pallidus and Polyphagotarsonemus latus; Tenuipalpidae spp. such as Brevipalpus phoenicis; Tetra-nychidae spp. such as Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus kanzawai, Tetranychus pacificus, Tetranychus telarius and Tetranychus urticae, Panonychus ulmi, Panony-chus citri, and Oligonychus pratensis; Araneida, e.g. Latrodectus mactans, and Loxos-celes