The present invention relates to synergistic pesticidal compositions comprising bioactive amounts of (A) a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group or mixture thereof; (B) a fungicide selected from the class of triazoles or mixture thereof; (C) at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof. The present invention further relates to process of preparing said composition along with at least one inactive excipients and formulation thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Combination of insecticides and fungicides are used to broaden the spectrum of control of insect and fungi, to improve the pest control with synergistc effect, reduce dosage, thereby reducing environmental impact, to broaden the spectrum of control, i.e. chewing and sucking insects and fungal disease at a time, decrease chances of resistance development and to enhance residual control so lesser the number of sprays for crop protections and minimizing the pesticidal load in ecosystem. The combination of insecticides and fungicides at times demonstrate an additive or synergistic effect that results in an improved control on the insect-pests and disease.
Insecticide and fungicide in combination or pesticides are used widely and very frequently in commercial agriculture and have enabled an enormous increase in crop yields and product quality which ultimately increased the ease to farmers in term of economic advantage as well as ease of farming activities.
There are many combinations of insecticide along with fungicides known in the art for the control of soil borne pests. For example, US20180007908 relates to a synergistic mixtures comprising, as active components comprising of insecticides and fungicides. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods of applying said mixture. The patent further relates to the fungicides like pyraclostrobin, azoxystrobin and insecticides.
US20190104736 a pesticide composition relates more particularly, to combinations of at least one nematode-antagonistic biocontrol agent and one or more defined agents. Methods of using these may include, for example, methods in agriculture to improve the growing characteristics of a plant. Methods for using such combinations may also include, control of damage by pests, such as insect, nematode and pathogen, especially in the agricultural field. More precisely, the pesticide composition comprising fungicides like pyraclostrobin, prothioconazole and insecticedes like pymetrozine.
EP3300602B1 relates to to a pesticidal mixture comprising as active compounds at least one pyrazole compound and at least one further pesticide. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods of applying said mixture. Furthermore, patent relates to methods of applying said mixture. The patent further relates to pesticidal mixture comprisies of fungicide like trifloxystrobin along with other fungicides like tebuconazole and difenoconazole with insecticides like flonicamid, pymetrozine.
There is however a need for improvement of these combinations. Single active combinations used over a long period of time has resulted in resistance development. With the onset of resistance to certain pests, there is a need in the art for a combination of actives that decreases chances of resistance and improves the spectrum of disease and pest control.
However still there is a need for a composition comprises a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group or mixture thereof; a one more fungicide selected from the class of triazoles or mixture thereof; and at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof which overcomes some of the existing problems and can be prepared easily without much complex manufacturing process.
In general use, the pesticide actives are used in the form of a dilute aqueous composition because it can attain a good interaction with the target organism, such as plants, fungi and insects. However, most active pesticide compounds that are used as pesticides are only sparingly or even insoluble in water. The low solubility of such compounds present the challenges and difficulties to formulator in formulating pesticide compounds in stable formulations that can be easily stored for a long time and which still have a high stability and effective activity until end use. This problem especially occurs and may get worsen if more than one active compound is present in the composition.
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide improved combinations of insecticides and fungicides for the control of foliar feeder and soil born pests. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and a composition for controlling the soil born and foliar fungal diseases.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide improved combinations of insecticides and fungicide that promote plant health and to increase plant or crop yield in the field condition.
Embodiment of the present invention can ameliorate one or more of the above mentioned problems.
Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the novel synergistic
pesticidal composition of a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group or mixture thereof; a one more fungicide selected from the class of triazoles or mixture thereof; and at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof as described herein which can provide solution to the above mentioned problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore an aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of (A) a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group or mixture thereof; (B) a fungicide selected from the class of triazoles or mixture thereof; and (C) at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof.
Further aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal compositions comprising bioactive amounts of (A) a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group is selected from fluoxastrobin, mandestrobin, azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, kresoxim methyl or trifloxystrobin or mixture thereof; (B) a fungicide of triazoles class selected from cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole or tricyclazole or mixture thereof; and (C) at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof.
Accordingly, in a further aspect, the present invention provides a method of protecting a plant propagation material, a plant, parts of a plant and/or plant organs that grow at a later point in time against pathogenic damage or pest damage by applying to the plant propagation material a composition comprising a pesticidal composition defined in the first aspect.
As per one embodiment formulation for the pesticidal composition is selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Jambo balls or bags (bags in water soluble pouch), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Water soluble granule (SG), Water soluble powder (SP), Wettable powder (WP), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW), Granule (GR) / Soil Applied Granules (SAG), Controlled release granules (CR); and and one or more customary formulation adjuvants such as a) dispersant b) wetting agent c) anti-foaming agent d) biocides e) anti-freezing agent f) suspending agent g) thickener h) coating agent and i) buffering agent.
The remainder of the aqueous formulation is preferably wholly water but may comprise other materials, such as inorganic salts. The formulation is preferably, completely free from organic solvents.
Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of (A) a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group is selected from fluoxastrobin, mandestrobin, azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, kresoxim methyl or trifloxystrobin or mixture thereof; (B) a fungicide of triazoles class selected from cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole or tricyclazole or mixture thereof; and (C) at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof; and one or more customary formulation adjuvants; shows synergistic activity.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:

The term "synergistic", as used herein, refers the combined action of two or more active
agents blended together and administered conjointly that is greater than the sum of their
individual effects.
"Bioactive amounts” as mentioned herein means that amount which, when applied treatment of crops, is sufficient to effect such treatment.
Therefore an aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of (A) a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group or mixture thereof; (B) a fungicide selected from the class of triazoles or mixture thereof; and (C) at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof.
Further aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal compositions comprising bioactive amounts of (A) a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group is selected from fluoxastrobin, mandestrobin, azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, kresoxim methyl or trifloxystrobin or mixture thereof; (B) a fungicide of triazoles class selected from cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole or tricyclazole or mixture thereof; and (C) at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group is selected from fluoxastrobin, mandestrobin, azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, kresoxim methyl or trifloxystrobin or mixture thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention a fungicide from the class of triazoles is selected from cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole or tricyclazole or mixture thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention an Insecticide from the class of nicotinic insecticides is selected from acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, flupyrimin, cycloxaprid, paichongding, guadipyr, cycloxylidin, sulfoxaflor, flupyradifurone, triflumezopyrim, dichloromezotiaz.
In an embodiment of the present invention an Insecticide from the class of chordotonal organs modulators is selected from adifopyropen, flonicamid, pymetrozine or pyrifluquinazon.
In an embodiment of the present invention an Insecticide from the class of compounds of unknown or uncertain mode of action is selected from dimpropyridaz (pyrazole carboxamide insecticide) or spiropidion.
QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors):
The present invention more particularly comprises of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) from strobilurin group of fungicides.
Azoxystrobin is an aryloxypyrimidine having a 4,6-diphenoxypyrimidine skeleton. It has IUPAC name as methyl (E)-2-[2-[6-(2-cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yl]oxyphenyl]-3-methoxyprop-2-enoate. An inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer between cytochromes b and c1, it is used widely as a fungicide in agriculture. It has a role as a mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor, a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant, an antifungal agrochemical and a quinone outside inhibitor. It is a nitrile, an aryloxypyrimidine, an enoate ester, an enol ether, a methyl ester and a methoxyacrylate strobilurin antifungal agent.
Pyraclostrobin is a carbamate ester that is the methyl ester of [2-({[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl] oxy}methyl)phenyl]methoxycarbamic acid. A fungicide used to control major plant pathogens including Septoria tritici, Puccinia spp. and Pyrenophora teres. It has a role as a mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor, a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical. Pyraclostrobin is a member of the strobilurin group of fungicides. The strobilurin fungicides act through inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer within the respiratory chain, which in turn causes important cellular biochemical processes to be severely disrupted, and results in cessation of fungal growth.
Trifloxystrobin strobilurin group of fungicide, active against a wide range of fungal plant pathogens. It has IUPAC name as methyl 2-methoxyimino-2-[2-[[1-[3 (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ethylideneamino] oxymethyl] phenyl] acetate. Trifloxystrobin's mode of fungicidal activity is to block mitochondrial electron transport at the Qo site of complex III, reducing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and inhibiting cellular respiration.
Triazole Fungicide:
Difenoconazole is a broad spectrum fungicide that controls a wide variety of fungi including members of the Aschomycetes, Basidomycetes and Deuteromycetes families. It acts as a seed treatment, foliar spray and systemic fungicide. It is taken up through the surface of the infected plant and is translocated to all parts of the plant. It has a curative effect and a preventative effect. Difenoconazole can be applied to winter wheat, oilseed rape, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, broccoli/calabrese and cauliflower. It controls various fungi including Septoria tritici, Brown Rust, Light Leaf Spot, Leaf Spot, Pod Spot, Ring Spot and Stem canker. It also prevents Ear Discolouration in winter wheat. The mode of action of difenoconazole is that it is a sterol demethylation inhibitor which prevents the development of the fungus by inhibiting cell membrane ergosterol biosynthesis.
Tebuconazole is a broad spectrum systemic Triazole fungicide with protective, curative and eradicative mode of action. It is effective against wide range of diseases. It is very effective against brown rust, leaf blotch, Net blotch, septoria leaf spot& Yellow rust of cereals; Soybean-Asian rust, brown spot/Septoria leaf spot, Powdery mildew; Rice-Dirty panicle & grain discoloration.
Prothioconazole is a synthetic compound of the triazolinthione family of compounds. It is a broad spectrum systemic fungicide, with curative, preventative and eradicative action. It can be used as both a seed treatment and a foliar treatment. After absorption it moves into cells of the target organisms, effecting sterol biosynthesis and thereby disrupting membrane structure. This ultimately effects hyphal growth and germ tube elongation. Fungi susceptible to prothioconazole include early leaf spot (Mycosphaerella arachidis), eyespot, Fusarium spp., powdery mildew, net blotch, phoma leaf spot, Rhynchosporium secalis, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotium rolfsii, Septoria tritici, Septoria nodorum, rust and tan spot. Prothioconazole is approved for use on barley, durum wheat, oats, oilseed rape (winter), rye (winter), and wheat.
Nicotinic group of Insecticides:
Clothianidin acts on the central nervous system of insects as an agonist of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter that stimulates nAChR, targeting the same receptor site (AChR) and activating post-synaptic acetylcholine receptors but not inhibiting AChE. Clothianidin and other neonicotinoids were developed to last longer than nicotine, which is more toxic and which breaks down too quickly in the environment. Clothianidin is an alternative to organophosphate, carbamate, and pyrethroid pesticides. It poses lower risks to mammals, including humans, when compared to organophosphates and carbamates. It has helped prevent insect pests build up resistance to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides.
Flupyrimin is nicotinic group of insecticides. It has IUPAC name as N-[(2E)-1-[(6-Chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2(1H)-pyridinylidene]-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide. It acts on the insect nAChRs as an antagonist via a recognition manner different from those of the other nicotinic insecticides. Flupyrimin acts as a nicotinic antagonist in American cockroach neurons, and [3H]FLP binds to the multiple high-affinity binding components in house fly nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (nAChR) preparation.
Triflumezopyrim, is an insecticide from nicotinic insecticide class. It has IUPAC name as 4-oxo-1-(pyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] pyrido [1, 2-a] pyrimidin-1-ium-2-olate. Triflumezopyrim belongs to the class of mesoinic insecticides, binding to the orthosteric site of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
Dichloromezotiaz, is a pyridopyrimidine that is 9-methyl-2,4-dioxo-2H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by (2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl and 3,5-dichlorophenyl. A mesionic insecticide used for control of rice hoppers. It has a role as an agrochemical. It is an iminium betaine, an organochlorine insecticide, a dichlorobenzene, a member of 1,3-thiazoles and a pyridopyrimidine. It has IUPAC name as 1-[(2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl]-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-9-methyl-4-oxopyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-1-ium-2-olate.
Chordotonal organ modulators:
Flonicamid exhibits excellent aphicidal activity and also shows good insecticidal activity against other sucking insect pests such as thrips, white ies, planthoppers, leafhoppers, plant bugs, and mealybugs in fruit trees, cereals, rice, potatoes, cotton, vegetables and ornamentals. Flonicamid soil applications also provide control of the foliar pests mentioned above. Flonicamid rapidly inhibits the feeding behavior of aphids, and has better action through ingestion than by contact. Its mode of action is different from other insecticides such as neonicotinoids, pymetrozine and pyri uquinazon. Flonicamid belongs to IRAC Group 29 and is the only insecticide in this class.
Pymetrozine is a new insecticide, highly active and specific against sucking insect pests. Pymetrozine is the only representative of the pyridine azomethines, a new class of insecticides, and is currently being developed worldwide for control of aphids and whiteflies in field crops, vegetables, ornamentals, cotton, hop, deciduous fruit, and citrus, and of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Staol), in rice. The compound appears to have great promise in integrated pest management (IPM) programs due to its high degree of selectivity, low mammalian toxicity, and safety to birds, fish, and non-target arthropods.
Insecticides with unknown mode of action:
Dimpropyridaz, is pyrazole carboxamide class of insecticide. Dimpropyridaz chemically is a pyrazole carboxamide insecticide that has a pyridin-3-yl group, as in tyclopyrazoflor. Dimpropyridaz is effective against aphids. Dimpropyridaz mechanism of action is unknown. It has IUPAC name as 1-[(1RS)-1,2-dimethylpropyl]-N-ethyl-5-methyl-N-pyridazin-4-yl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide.
The present inventors believe that the combination of the present invention surprisingly results in a synergistic action. The combination of the present invention allows for a broad spectrum of pest control and has surprisingly improved plant vigour and yield. The broad spectrum of the present combination also provides a solution for preventing the development of resistance.
Therefore the aspect of the present invention provides the pesticidal compositions comprising bioactive amounts of (A) a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group or mixture thereof; (B) a fungicide selected from the class of triazoles or mixture thereof; (C) at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof; are present in most preferred composition as below:

Compound A QoI
(Quinone Outside Inhibitors) Fungicide Compound B Triazole fungicide Compound C Insecticide from nicotinic or chordotonal organs modulators or unknow mode of action
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Dichloromezotiaz
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Afidopyropen
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Afidopyropen
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Afidopyropen
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Afidopyropen
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Afidopyropen
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Afidopyropen
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Afidopyropen
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Afidopyropen
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Flonicamid
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Flonicamid
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Flonicamid
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Flonicamid
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Flonicamid
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Flonicamid
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Flonicamid
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Flonicamid
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Pymetrozine
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Pymetrozine
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Pymetrozine
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Pymetrozine
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Pymetrozine
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Pymetrozine
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Pymetrozine
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Pyrifluquinazon
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Dimpropyridaz
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Dimpropyridaz
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Dimpropyridaz
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Dimpropyridaz
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Dimpropyridaz
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Dimpropyridaz
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Dimpropyridaz
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Dimpropyridaz
Azoxystrobin Cyproconazole Spiropidion
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Spiropidion
Azoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Spiropidion
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Spiropidion
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Spiropidion
Azoxystrobin Propiconazole Spiropidion
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Spiropidion
Azoxystrobin Tricyclazole Spiropidion
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Flupyrimin
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Flupyrimin
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Flupyrimin
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Flupyrimin
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Flupyrimin
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Flupyrimin
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Flupyrimin
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Flupyrimin
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Triflumezopyrim
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Triflumezopyrim
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Triflumezopyrim
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Triflumezopyrim
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Triflumezopyrim
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Triflumezopyrim
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Triflumezopyrim
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Triflumezopyrim
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Dichloromezotiaz
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Afidopyropen
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Afidopyropen
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Afidopyropen
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Afidopyropen
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Afidopyropen
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Afidopyropen
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Afidopyropen
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Afidopyropen
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Flonicamid
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Flonicamid
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Flonicamid
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Flonicamid
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Flonicamid
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Flonicamid
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Flonicamid
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Flonicamid
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Pymetrozine
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Pymetrozine
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Pymetrozine
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Pymetrozine
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Pymetrozine
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Pymetrozine
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Pymetrozine
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Pyrifluquinazon
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Dimpropyridaz
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Dimpropyridaz
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Dimpropyridaz
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Dimpropyridaz
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Dimpropyridaz
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Dimpropyridaz
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Dimpropyridaz
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Dimpropyridaz
Picoxystrobin Cyproconazole Spiropidion
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Spiropidion
Picoxystrobin Epoxiconazole Spiropidion
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Spiropidion
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Spiropidion
Picoxystrobin Propiconazole Spiropidion
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Spiropidion
Picoxystrobin Tricyclazole Spiropidion
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Flupyrimin
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Flupyrimin
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Flupyrimin
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Flupyrimin
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Flupyrimin
Pyraclostrobin Propiconazole Flupyrimin
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Flupyrimin
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Flupyrimin
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Triflumezopyrim
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Triflumezopyrim
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Triflumezopyrim
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Triflumezopyrim
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Triflumezopyrim
Pyraclostrobin Propiconazole triflumezopyrim
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Triflumezopyrim
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Triflumezopyrim
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Pyraclostrobin Propiconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Dichloromezotiaz
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Afidopyropen
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Afidopyropen
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Afidopyropen
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Afidopyropen
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Afidopyropen
Pyraclostrobin Propiconazole Afidopyropen
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Afidopyropen
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Afidopyropen
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Flonicamid
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Flonicamid
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Flonicamid
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Flonicamid
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Flonicamid
Pyraclostrobin Propiconazole Flonicamid
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Flonicamid
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Flonicamid
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Pymetrozine
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Pymetrozine
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Pymetrozine
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Pymetrozine
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Pymetrozine
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Pymetrozine
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Pyraclostrobin Propiconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Pyrifluquinazon
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Dimpropyridaz
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Dimpropyridaz
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Dimpropyridaz
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Dimpropyridaz
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Dimpropyridaz
Pyraclostrobin Propiconazole Dimpropyridaz
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Dimpropyridaz
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Dimpropyridaz
Pyraclostrobin Cyproconazole Spiropidion
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Spiropidion
Pyraclostrobin Epoxiconazole Spiropidion
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Spiropidion
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Spiropidion
Pyraclostrobin Propiconazole Spiropidion
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Spiropidion
Pyraclostrobin Tricyclazole Spiropidion
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Flupyrimin
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Flupyrimin
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Flupyrimin
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Flupyrimin
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Flupyrimin
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Flupyrimin
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Flupyrimin
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Flupyrimin
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Triflumezopyrim
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Triflumezopyrim
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Triflumezopyrim
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Triflumezopyrim
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Triflumezopyrim
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Triflumezopyrim
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Triflumezopyrim
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Triflumezopyrim
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Dichloromezotiaz
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Dichloromezotiaz
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Afidopyropen
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Afidopyropen
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Afidopyropen
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Afidopyropen
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Afidopyropen
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Afidopyropen
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Afidopyropen
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Afidopyropen
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Flonicamid
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Flonicamid
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Flonicamid
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Flonicamid
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Flonicamid
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Flonicamid
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Flonicamid
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Flonicamid
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Pymetrozine
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Pymetrozine
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Pymetrozine
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Pymetrozine
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Pymetrozine
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Pymetrozine
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Pymetrozine
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Pyrifluquinazon
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Pyrifluquinazon
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Dimpropyridaz
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Dimpropyridaz
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Dimpropyridaz
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Dimpropyridaz
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Dimpropyridaz
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Dimpropyridaz
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Dimpropyridaz
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Dimpropyridaz
Trifloxystrobin Cyproconazole Spiropidion
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Spiropidion
Trifloxystrobin Epoxiconazole Spiropidion
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Spiropidion
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Spiropidion
Trifloxystrobin Propiconazole Spiropidion
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Spiropidion
Trifloxystrobin Tricyclazole Spiropidion
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Thiamethoxam
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Thiamethoxam
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Thiamethoxam
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Clothianidin
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Clothianidin
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Clothianidin
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine+Flupyrimin
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine+Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine+Clothianidin
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine+Thiamethoxam
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Pymetrozine+Dinotefuran
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Flupyrimin+Triflumezopyrim
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Flupyrimin+Clothianidin
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Flupyrimin+Thiamethoxam
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Flupyrimin+Dinotefuran

The synergistic agrochemical composition has advantageous curative, preventive and systemic pesticidal properties for protecting cultivated plants. As has been mentioned, said active ingredient composition can be used to inhibit or destroy the pathogens that occur on plants or parts of plants of different crops or useful plants. The synergistic agrochemical composition of specific active ingredient has the special advantage of being highly active against fungal diseases and insect pests.
The synergistic composition has very advantageous curative, preventive and systemic pesticidal properties for protecting cultivated plants. As has been mentioned, said active ingredient composition can be used to inhibit or destroy the pathogens that occur on plants or parts of plants (fruit, blossoms, leaves, stems, tubers, roots) of different crops or useful plants, while at the same time those parts of plants which grow later are also protected from attack by such pathogens. Active ingredient composition has the special advantage of being highly active against diseases that mostly occur in the early stages of plant development.
The synergistic composition of pesticide are used to protect the crops and plants from insect-pests and fungal diseases. The lists of the major crops includes but are not limited to GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) and Non GMO varieties of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Oat (Avena sativa), Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) , Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Linseed (Linum usitatissimum), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Litchi (Litchi chinensis), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Psyllium (Plantago ovate), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), Safed musli (Chlorophytum tuberosum), Drum stick (Moringa oleifera), Coconut (Coco nucifera), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis), Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii), Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), vegetables: solanaceous vegetables such as eggplant, tomato, pimento, pepper, potato, etc., cucurbit vegetables such as cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, water melon, melon, squash, etc., cruciferous vegetables such as radish, white turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, leaf mustard, broccoli, cauliflower, etc., asteraceous vegetables such as burdock, crown daisy, artichoke, lettuce, etc, liliaceous vegetables such as green onion, onion, garlic, and asparagus, ammiaceous vegetables such as carrot, parsley, celery, parsnip, etc., chenopodiaceous vegetables such as spinach, Swiss chard, etc., lamiaceous vegetables such as Perilla frutescens, mint, basil, etc, strawberry, sweet potato, Dioscorea japonica, colocasia, etc., flowers, foliage plants, turf grasses, fruits: pome fruits such apple, pear, quince, etc, stone fleshy fruits such as peach, plum, nectarine, Prunus mume, cherry fruit, apricot, prune, etc., citrus fruits such as orange, lemon, rime, grapefruit, etc., nuts such as chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almond, pistachio, cashew nuts, macadamia nuts, etc. berries such as blueberry, cranberry, blackberry, raspberry, etc., grape, kaki fruit, olive, plum, banana, coffee, date palm, coconuts, etc. , trees other than fruit trees; tea, mulberry, flowering plant, trees such as ash, birch, dogwood, Eucalyptus, Ginkgo biloba, lilac, maple, Quercus, poplar, Judas tree, Liquidambar formosana, plane tree, zelkova, Japanese arborvitae, fir wood, hemlock, juniper, Pinus, Picea, and Taxus cuspidate, etc.
The synergistic combination of the present invention used to control the insects-pests. The major insects pests are belongs to the order Hemiptera, for example, rice leafhopper Nephotettix nigropictus, rice brown plant hopper Nilaparvata lugen, rice white backed plant hopper, Apple Mealy bug Phenococcus aceris, bean aphid Aphis fabae, black citrus aphid Toxoptera aurantii, citrus black scale Saissetia oleae, cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi, citrus red scale Aonidiella aurantii, yellow scale Aonidiella citrine, citrus mealybug Planococcus citri, corn leaf aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis, cotton aphid Aphis gossypii, cotton jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttla, cotton mealy bug Planococcus spp. And Pseudococcus spp., cotton stainer Dysdercus suturellus, cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci, cowpea aphid Aphis crassivora, grain aphid Sitobion avenae, golden glow aphid Uroleucon spp., grape mealybug Pseudococcus maritimus, green peach aphid Myzus persicae, greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum, papaya mealy bug Pracoccus marginatus, pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, sugarcane mealybug Saccharicoccus sacchari, potato aphid Myzus persicae, potato leaf hopper Empoasca fabae, cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci, tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris, wooly apple aphid Eriosoma lanigerum, mango hopper Amritodus atkinsoni, Idioscopus spp. ; order Lepidoptera, army worm Mythimna unipuncta, asiatic rice borer Chilo suppressalis, bean pod borer Maruca vitrata, beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua, black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon, bollworm Helicoverpa armigera , cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni, codling moth Cydia pomonella, croton caterpillar Achea janata, diamond backmoth Plutella xylostella, cabbage worm Pieris rapae, pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis, tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens, tomato fruitworm Helicoverpa zea, velvet bean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis, yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas, spotted bollworm Earias vittella, rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, pink stem borer Sesamia spp., tobacco leafeating caterpillar Spodoptera litura; brinjal fruit and shoot borer Leucinodes orbonalis, bean pod borer Maruca vitrata, Maruca testulalis, armyworm Mythimna separata, cotton pinkbollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella, cabbage butterfly Pieris bras-sicae, diamond backmoth Plutella xylostella, paddy stem borer Scirpophaga excerptallis, Scirpophaga incertulas, Scirpophaga innotata, wheat stem borer Sesamia inferens, Sitotroga cerealella, Spilosoma obliqua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Trichoplusia ni, Tryporyza novella, Tuta absoluta.
from the order Coleoptera, for example, apple twig borer Amphicerus spp., corn root worm Diabrotica virgifera, cucumber beetle diabrotica balteata, boll weevil Anthonomus grandis, grape flea beetle Altica chalybea, grape root worm Fidia viticola, grape trunk borer Clytoleptus albofasciatus, radish flea beetle Phyllotreta armoraciae, maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais, northern corn rootworm Diabrotica barberi, rice water weevil Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Anthonomus grandis, Bruchus lentis, Diabrotica semipunctata, Diabrotica virgifera, Dicladispa armigera, Epila-chna varivestis, various species of white grubs are Holotrichia bicolor, Holotrichia consanguinea, Holotrichia serrata, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Phyllotreta chrysocephala, Popillia japonica etc; from the order Orthoptera, for example, Gryllotalpa spp., Locusta spp., and Schistocerca is spp.; from the order Thysanoptera, for example, Frankliniella spp., Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci and Scirtothrips dorsalis; termites (Isoptera), e.g. Calotermes flavicollis, Coptotermes formosanus, Heterotermes aureus, Leucotermes flavipes, Microtermes obesi, Odontotermes obesus, Reticulitermes flavipes, Termes natalensis; from the order Heteroptera, for example, Dysdercus spp., Leptocorisa spp., from the order Hymenoptera, for example, Solenopsis spp. ; from the order Diptera, for example, Antherigona soccata, Dacus spp., Liriomyza spp., Melanagromyza spp., from the order Acarina, for example, Aceria mangiferae, Brevipalpus spp., Eriophyes spp., Oligonychus mangiferus, Oligonychus punicae, Panonychus citri, Panonychus ulmi, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Tarsonemus spp., Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus cinnabarinus;
The mixtures according to the invention can be applied to any and all developmental stages of pests, such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The pests may be controlled by contacting the target pest, its food supply, habitat, breeding ground or its locus with a pesticidally effective amount of the inventive mixtures or of compositions comprising the mixtures.
The compositions according to the present invention is also effective for controlling the following fungal and bacterial plant diseases:
Disease in rice: Blast (Magnaporthe grisea), Helminthosporium leaf spot (Cochliobolus miyabeanus), sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani), bakanae disease (Gibberella fujikuroi) and grain discoloration (dirty panicles caused by Alternaria spp., Curvularia spp., Drechslera spp., Fusarium spp., Phoma spp. Etc.)
Diseases in wheat: powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis) , Fusariuin head blight (Fusarium graminearum, F. avenacerum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale) , rust (Puccinia striiformis, P. graminis, P. recondita) , pink snow mold (Micronectriella nivale), Typhula snow blight (Typhula sp . ) , loose smut (Ustilago tritici) , bunt (Tilletia caries) , eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) , leaf blotch (Mycosphaerella graminicola) , glume blotch (Stagonospora nodorum), septoria, and yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) .
Diseases of barley: powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), Fusarium head blight (Fusarium graminearum, F. avenacerum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale), rust (Puccinia striiformis, P. graminis, P. hordei), loose smut (Ustilago nuda) , scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) , net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus), leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea), and Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani) .
Diseases in corn: smut (Ustilago maydis), brown spot (Cochliobolus heterostrophus), copper spot (Gloeocercospora sorghi), southern rust (Puccinia polysora), gray leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis), white spot (Phaeosphaeria mydis and/or Pantoea ananatis) and Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani).
Diseases of citrus: melanose (Diaporthe citri), scab (Elsinoe fawcetti), penicillium rot (Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum), and brown rot (Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora citrophthora).
Diseases of apple: blossom blight (Monilinia mali), canker (Valsa ceratosperma), powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha), Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria alternata apple pathotype), scab (Venturia inaequalis), powdery mildew, bitter rot (Colletotrichum acutatum), crown rot (Phytophtora cactorum), blotch (Diplocarpon mali), and ring rot (Botryosphaeria berengeriana).
Diseases of pear: scab (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), powdery mildew, black spot (Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype), rust (Gymnosporangium haraeanum), and phytophthora fruit rot (Phytophtora cactorum).
Diseases of peach: brown rot (Monilinia fructicola), powdery mildew, scab (Cladosporium carpophilum), and phomopsis rot (Phomopsis sp.).
Diseases of grape: anthracnose (Elsinoe ampelina), ripe rot (Glomerella cingulata), powdery mildew (Uncinula necator), rust (Phakopsora ampelopsidis), black rot (Guignardia bidwellii), botrytis, and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola).
Diseases of Japanese persimmon: anthracnose (Gloeosporium kaki), and leaf spot (Cercospora kaki, Mycosphaerella nawae).
Diseases of gourd: anthracnose (Colletotrichum lagenarium), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea), gummy stem blight (Mycosphaerella melonis), Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis), Phytophthora rot (Phytophthora sp.), and damping-off (Pythium sp.).
Diseases of tomato: early blight (Alternaria solani), leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum), and late blight (Phytophthora infestans).
Diseases of eggplant: brown spot (Phomopsis vexans), and powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) Diseases of cruciferous vegetables: Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria japonica), white spot (Cercosporella brassicae), clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae), and downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica).
Diseases of onion: rust (Puccinia allii), and downy mildew (Peronospora destructor).
Diseases of soybean: purple seed stain (Cercospora kikuchii), sphaceloma scad (Elsinoe glycines), pod and stem blight (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae), septoria brown spot (Septoria glycines), frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) , Yellow rust, brown stem rot (Phytophthora sojae), and Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani) .
Diseases of kidney bean: anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemthianum). Diseases of peanut: leaf spot (Cercospora personata), brown leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola) and southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Diseases of garden pea: powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi), and root rot (Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi).
Diseases of potato: early blight (Alternaria solani), late blight (Phytophthora infestans), pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica), and powdery scab (Spongospora subterranean f. sp. subterranea).
Diseases of strawberry: powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca humuli), and anthracnose (Glomerella cingulata).
Diseases of tea: net blister blight (Exobasidium reticulatum), white scab (Elsinoe leucospila), gray blight (Pestalotiopsis sp.), and anthracnose (Colletotrichum theae-sinensis).
Diseases of tobacco: brown spot (Alternaria longipes), powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum), anthracnose (Colletotrichum tabacum), downy mildew (Peronospora tabacina), and black shank (Phytophthora nicotianae).
Diseases of rapeseed: sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), and Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani). Diseases of cotton: Rhizoctonia damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani).
Diseases of sugar beat: Cercospora leaf spot (Cercospora beticola), leaf blight (Thanatephorus cucumeris), Root rot (Thanatephorus cucumeris), and Aphanomyces root rot (Aphanomyces cochlioides).
Diseases of rose: black spot (Diplocarpon rosae), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa), and downy mildew (Peronospora sparsa). Diseases of chrysanthemum and asteraceous plants: downy mildew (Bremia lactucae), leaf blight (Septoria chrysanthemi-indici), and white rust (Puccinia horiana).
Diseases of various groups: diseases caused by Pythium spp. (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debarianum, Pythium graminicola, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum), gray mold. (Botrytis cinerea), and Sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum).
Disease of Japanese radish: Alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria brassicicola).
Diseases of turfgrass: dollar spot (Sclerotinia homeocarpa), and brown patch and large patch (Rhizoctonia solani).
Disease of banana: Black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis), Yellow sigatoka (Mycosphaerella musicola).
Disease of sunflower: downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii).
Seed diseases or diseases in the early stages of the growth of various plants caused by Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., Gibberella spp., Tricoderma spp., Thielaviopsis spp., Rhizopus spp., Mucor spp., Corticium spp., Phoma spp., Rhizoctonia spp. and Diplodia spp.
Viral diseases of various plants mediated by Polymixa spp. or Olpidium spp. and so on.
The term "health of a plant" or "plant health" is defined as a condition of the plant and/or its products. As a result of the improved health, yield, plant vigor, quality and tolerance to abiotic or biotic stress are increased. Noteworthy, the health of a plant when applying the method according to the invention, is increased independently of the pesticidal properties of the active ingredients used because the increase in health is not based upon the reduced disease pressure but instead on complex physiological and metabolic reactions which result for example in an activation of the plant's own natural defense system. As a result, the health of a plant is increased even in the absence of diseases pressure. Accordingly, in an especially preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the health of a plant is increased both in the presence and absence of biotic or abiotic stress factors. The above identified indicators for the health condition of a plant may be interdependent or they may result from each other. An increase in plant vigor may for example result in an increased yield and/or tolerance to abiotic or biotic stress. One indicator for the condition of the plant is the yield. "Yield" is to be understood as any plant product of economic value that is produced by the plant such as grains, fruits in the proper sense, vegetables, nuts, grains, seeds, wood (e.g. in the case of silviculture plants) or even flowers (e.g. in the case of gardening plants, ornamentals). The plant products may in addition be further utilized and/or processed after harvesting.
In an especially preferred embodiment of the invention, the yield of the treated plant is increased.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the yield of the plants treated according to the method of the invention, is increased synergistically.
According to the present invention, "increased yield" of a plant, in particular of an agricultural, silvicultural and/or horticultural plant means that the yield of a product of the respective plant is increased by a measurable amount over the yield of the same product of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the mixture according to the invention.
Increased yield can be characterized, among others, by the following improved proper-ties of the plant: increased plant, weight, increased plant height, increased biomass such as higher overall fresh weight (FW), increased number of flowers per plant, higher grain yield, more tillers or side shoots (branches), larger leaves, increased shoot growth, increased protein content, increased oil content, increased starch content, increased pigment content, increased leaf are index.
According to the present invention, the yield is increased by at least 5 %, preferable by 5 to 10 %, more preferable by 10 to 20 %, or even 20 to 30 % compared to the untreated control plants or plants treated with pesticides in a way different from the method according to the present invention. In general, the yield increase may even be higher.
A further indicator for the condition of the plant is the plant vigor. The plant vigor becomes manifest in several aspects such as the general visual appearance. In another especially preferred embodiment of the invention, the plant vigor of the treated plant is increased. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the plant vigor of the plants treated according to the method of the invention, is increased synergistically. Improved plant vigor can be characterized, among others, by the following improved properties of the plant: improved vitality of the plant, improved plant growth, improved plant development, improved visual appearance, improved plant stand (less plant verse/lodging), improved emergence, enhanced root growth and/or more developed root system, enhanced nodulation, in particular rhizobium nodulation, bigger leaf blade, bigger size, increased plant weight, increased plant height, increased tiller number, increased number of side shoots, increased number of flowers per plant, increased shoot growth, increased root growth (extensive root system), increased yield when grown on poor soils or unfavorable climate, enhanced photosynthetic activity (e.g. based on increased stomatal conductance and/or increased C02 assimilation rate), increased stomatal conductance, increased C02 assimilation rate, enhanced pigment content (e.g. chlorophyll content), earlier flowering, earlier fruiting, earlier and improved germination, earlier grain maturity, improved self-defense mechanisms, improved stress tolerance and resistance of the plants against biotic and abiotic stress factors such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, heat stress, cold stress, drought stress, UV stress and/or salt stress, less non-productive tillers, less dead basal leaves, less input needed (such as fertilizers or water), greener leaves, complete maturation under shortened vegetation periods, less fertilizers needed, less seeds needed, easier harvesting, faster and more uniform ripening, longer shelf-life, longer panicles, delay of senescence, stronger and/or more productive tillers, better extractability of ingredients, improved quality of seeds (for being seeded in the following seasons for seed production), better nitrogen uptake, improved reproduction, reduced production of ethylene and/or the inhibition of its reception by the plant.
The improvement of the plant vigor according to the present invention particularly means that the improvement of any one or several or all of the above mentioned plant characteristics are improved independently of the pesticidal action of the mixture or active ingredients (components).
Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the "quality" of a plant and/or its products.
In an especially preferred embodiment of the invention, the quality of the treated plant is increased.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the quality of the plants treated according to the method of the invention, is increased synergistically.
According to the present invention, enhanced quality means that certain plant characteristics such as the content or composition of certain ingredients are increased or improved by a measurable or noticeable amount over the same factor of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the mixtures of the present invention. Enhanced quality can be characterized, among others, by following improved properties of the plant or its product: increased nutrient content, increased protein content, increased content of fatty acids, increased metabolite content, increased carotenoid content, increased sugar content, increased amount of essential amino acids, improved nutrient composition, improved protein composition, improved composition of fatty acids, improved metabolite composition, improved carotenoid composition, improved sugar composition, improved amino acids composition, improved or optimal fruit color, improved leaf color, higher storage capacity, higher processability of the harvested products.
Another indicator for the condition of the plant is the plant's tolerance or resistance to biotic and/or abiotic stress factors. Biotic and abiotic stress, especially over longer terms, can have harmful effects on plants. Biotic stress is caused by living organisms while abiotic stress is caused for example by environmental extremes. According to the present invention, "enhanced tolerance or resistance to biotic and/or abiotic stress factors" means (1.) that certain negative factors caused by biotic and/or abiotic stress are diminished in a measurable or noticeable amount as compared to plants exposed to the same conditions, but without being treated with a mixture according to the invention and (2.) that the negative effects are not diminished by a direct action of the mixture according to the invention on the stress factors, e.g. by its fungicidal action which directly destroys the microorganisms or diseases, but rather by a stimulation of the plants' own defensive reactions against said stress factors.
Formulation of the present invention can be in any of the formulations selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Jambo balls or bags (bags in water soluble pouch), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Water soluble granule (SG), Water soluble powder (SP), Wettable powder (WP), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW), Granule (GR) / Soil Applied Granules (SAG), Controlled release granules (CR).
One or more of the active ingredients is encapsulated for various purposes, such as to increase the residual biological activity, or to reduce the acute toxicity, or to obtain a physical or chemically stable water-based formulation. The purpose determines whether the “free” active ingredient and the “release rate” are relevant properties of a specific product.
Further pesticidal composition comprising (A) a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group or mixture thereof; (B) a fungicide selected from the class of triazoles or mixture thereof; and (C) at least one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof; are present in the said composition in specific fixed ratio.
In further aspect the present invention relates to the synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of (A) is 0.1 to 30% w/w of the composition; (B) is 0.1 to 30% w/w of the composition; and (C) is 0.1 to 40% w/w of the composition.
Active Ingredients Compound A Compound
B Compound
C
Examples QoI
(Quinone Outside Inhibitors) Fungicide Triazole fungicide Insecticide from nicotinic or chordotonal organs modulators or unknow mode of action or mixture thereof
% of Active Ingredient (w/w)
0.1 to 30%
0.1 to 30%
0.1 to 40%
The composition of the present invention in addition to bioactive amounts of active ingredients further comprises inactive excipients including but not limited to dispersant, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, antimicrobial agent, thickener, quick coating agent or sticking agents (also referred to as “stickers” or “binders”) and buffering agent.
A dispersant is a substance which adsorbs onto the surface of particles and helps to preserve the state of dispersion of the particles and prevents them from re-aggregating. Dispersants are added to agrochemical formulations to facilitate dispersion and suspension during manufacture, and to ensure the particles re-disperse into water in a spray tank. They are widely used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water-dispersible granules. Surfactants that are used as dispersants have the ability to adsorb strongly onto a particle surface and provide a charged or steric barrier to reaggregation of particles. The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, non-ionic, or mixtures of the two types. For wettable powder formulations, the most common dispersants are sodium lingo sulphonates. For suspension concentrates, very good adsorption and stabilization are obtained using polyelectrolytes, such as sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates. Tristyrylphenolethoxylate phosphate esters are also used. Nonionics such as alkyl aryl ethylene oxide condensates and EO-PO block copolymers are sometimes combined with anionics as dispersants for suspension concentrates. In recent years, new types of very high molecular weight polymeric surfactants have been developed as dispersants. These have very long hydrophobic ‘backbones’ and a large number of ethylene oxide chains forming the ‘teeth’ of a ‘comb’ surfactant. These high molecular weight polymers can give very good long-term stability to suspension concentrates because the hydrophobic backbones have many anchoring points onto the particle surfaces. Examples of dispersants used herein SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation include but not limited to naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt condensated with formaldehyde, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium polycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycol ether with ethylene oxide, tallow fatty amine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycol ether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.
Examples of dispersants used herein WG (Wettable Granule/ Water Dispersible Granule) formulation include but not limited to alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt, sodium polycarboxylate, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensates with formaldehyde, polyalcoxylated alkylphenol, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene-formaldehyde-condensate sodium salt, naphthalene condensates, lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and phosphate esters, calcium lignosulfonate, lignin sulfonate sodium salt
Anti-freezing agent as used herein SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation include but not limited to ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerin or the urea, glycol (monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol), glycerin, urea, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride.
Water-based formulations often cause foam during mixing operations in production. In order to reduce the tendency to foam, anti-foam agents are often added either during the production stage or before filling into bottles. Generally, there are two types of antifoam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous emulsions of dimethyl poly siloxane while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are water- insoluble oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface. Example of anti-foaming agents used herein WG (Wettable Granule/ Water Dispersible Granule) formulation include but not limited to polydimethylsiloxane.
Examples of anti-foaming agents used herein SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation include but not limited to silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethyl siloxane, polydimethyl siloxane, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane.
A wetting agent is a substance that when added to a liquid increases the spreading or penetration power of the liquid by reducing the interfacial tension between the liquid and the surface on which it is spreading. Wetting agents are used for two main functions in agrochemical formulations: during processing and manufacture to increase the rate of wetting of powders in water to make concentrates for soluble liquids or suspension concentrates; and during mixing of a product with water in a spray tank or other vessel to reduce the wetting time of wettable powders and to improve the penetration of water into water-dispersible granules. Examples of Super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent used herein WG (Wettable Granule/ Water Dispersible Granule) formulation include but not limited to trisiloxane heptamethyl, sodium N-methyl-N-oleoyl taurate, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, mixture of isomers of dibutyl naphthalene sulphonic acid sodium salt, sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium Lauryl sulfate, dioctyl sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, phosphate esters, sulphosuccinates and non-ionic such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl or alkaryl sulfonates such as alkylbenzene sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonate and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated alkyl or alkaryl carboxylates, alkyl or alkaryl phosphate esters, alkyl polysaccharide, di or mono alkyl sulfosuccinate derivatives, alpha olefin sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, dialkyl sulphosuccinates, butyl, dibutyl, isopropyl and di-isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate salts, C12 alkyl benzene sulfonate or C10-C16 alkyl benzene sulfonate, organosilicons surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof.
Examples of wetting agents used herein SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation include but not limited to ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, polyalkoxylated butyl ether, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, organosilicons surfactants (as a wetting-spreading-penetrating agent) includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof.
Suspension aid in the present description denotes a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic material with which the active substance is combined in order to facilitate its application to the plant, to the seeds or to the soil. This carrier is hence generally inert, and it must be agriculturally acceptable, in particular to the plant being treated. The carrier may be solid (clays, natural or synthetic silicates, silica, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, and the like or mixtures thereof) or liquid (water, alcohols, ketones, petroleum fractions, aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, liquefied gases, and the like or mixtures thereof). Examples of carrier used herein WG (Wettable Granule/ Water Dispersible Granule) formulation include but not limited to china clay, silica, lactose anhydrous, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate anhydrous, corn starch, urea, EDTA, urea formaldehyde resin, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, kieselguhr, fuller's earth, attapulgite clay, bole, loess, talc, chalk, dolomite, limestone, lime, calcium carbonate, powdered magnesia, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride, gypsum, calcium sulphate, pyrophyllite, silicates and silica gels; fertilizers such as, for example, ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate and urea; natural products of vegetable origin such as, for example, grain meals and flours, bark meals, wood meals, nutshell meals and cellulosic powders; and synthetic polymeric materials such as, for example, ground or powdered plastics and resins, bentonites, zeolites, titanium dioxide, iron oxides and hydroxides, aluminium oxides and hydroxides, or organic materials such as bagasse, charcoal, or synthetic organic polymers.
Examples of suspending agents used herein SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation include but not limited to aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, attapulgite clay.
Examples of disintegrating agents used herein WG (Wettable Granule/ Water Dispersible Granule) formulation include but not limited to citric acid, sodium sulphate anhydrous, succinic acid or the sodium bicarbonate.
Biocides / Microorganisms cause spoilage of formulated products. Therefore antimicrobial agents are used to eliminate or reduce their effect. Examples of preservatives used herein SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation include but not limited to1, 2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1, 3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenyl phenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
Thickeners or gelling agents are used mainly in the formulation of suspension concentrates, emulsions and suspoemulsions to modify the rheology or flow properties of the liquid and to prevent separation and settling of the dispersed particles or droplets. Thickening, gelling, and anti-settling agents generally fall into two categories, namely water-insoluble particulates and water-soluble polymers. It is possible to produce suspension concentrate formulations using clays and silicas. Examples of preservatives used herein SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation include but not limited to xanthan gum, PVK, carboxymethyl celluloses, polyvinyl alcohols, gelatin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, modified starch.
The quick coating agent can be a conventionally available sticker, for example polyesters, polyamides, poly- carbonates, polyurea and polyurethanes, acrylate polymers and copolymers, styrene copolymers, butadiene copolymers, polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose derivatives, vinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate and vinyl pyrrolidone polymers and copolymers, polyethers, epoxy, phenolic and melamine resins, polyolefins and define copolymers and mixtures thereof. Examples of preferred polymers are acrylate polymers such as poly(methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate), acrylate copoylmers and styrene-acrylic copolymers as defined herein below, poly(styrene-co maleic anhydride), cellulosic polymers such as ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetatebutyrate, acetylated mono, di, and triglycerides, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), vinyl acetate polymers and copolymers, poly(alkylene glycol), styrene butadiene copolymers, poly(ortho esters), alkyd resins, and mixtures of two or more of these.
Polymers that are biodegradable are also useful in the present invention. As used herein, a polymer is biodegradable if is not water soluble, but is degraded over a period of several weeks when placed in an application environment. Examples of biodegradable polymers that are useful in the present invention include biodegradable polyesters, starch, polylactic acid starch blends, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymers, polydioxanone, cellulose esters, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, starch esters, starch ester aliphatic polyester blends, modified corn starch, poly capro lactone, poly(namylmethacrylate), wood rosin, poly anhydrides, poly vinyl alcohol, poly hydroxyl butyrate valerate, biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, and poly hydroxyl butyrate or mixtures thereof.
Buffering agent as used herein is selected from group consisting of calcium hydroxyapatite, Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Sodium Hydroxide, carbonated apatite, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphates, carbonated calcium phosphates, amine monomers, lactate dehydrogenase and magnesium hydroxide.
The solvent for the formulation of the present invention may include water, water soluble alcohols and dihydroxy alcohol ethers. The water-soluble alcohol which can be used in the present invention may be lower alcohols or water-soluble macromolecular alcohols. The term "lower alcohol", as used herein, represents an alcohol having 1-4 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tertbutanol, etc. Macromolecular alcohol is not limited, as long as it may be dissolved in water in a suitable amount range, e.g., polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, glucitol, etc. The examples of suitable dihydroxy alcohol ethers used in the present invention may be dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ethers or dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers. The examples of dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ether include ethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, dipropylene glycol ethyl ether, etc. The examples of dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers include ethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, dipropylene glycol phenyl ether, and the like. Any of the above mentioned solvent can be used either alone or in combination thereof.
The process for preparing the present novel synergistic composition can be modified accordingly by any person skilled in the art based on the knowledge of the manufacturing the formulation. However all such variation and modification is still covered by the scope of present invention.
These and other aspects of the invention may become more apparent from the examples set forth herein below. These examples are provided merely as illustrations of the invention and are not intended to be construed as a limitation thereof.
EXAMPLE 1:
WG (Water dispersible granule/Wettable Granule) formulation of Azoxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Pymetrozine 30%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Azoxystrobin a.i. Active ingredient 20.00
Tebuconazole a.i. Active ingredient 10.00
Pymetrozine a.i. Active ingredient 30.00
Trisiloxane heptamethyl Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent 5.00
Alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt Dispersing agent 1 6.00
Sodium Polycarboxylate Dispersing agent 2 3.00
Sodium sulphate anhydrous Disintegrating agent 8.00
Polydimethyl siloxane Antifoaming agent 0.50
Corn starch Carrier 17.50
Total 100.00

Storage stability-
Azoxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Pymetrozine 30% WG
Storage stability study in laboratory (at 54±2 ? & At 0±2 ? for 14 days) and at room temperature (for 12 months) shows that Azoxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Pymetrozine 30% WG formulation complies all the in-house parameters like active ingredients content, suspensibility, wettability, wet sieve percent by mass, pH range and mositure content.
Procedure: Manufacturing process of Water dispersible granule/Wettable Granule (WG)
Preparation of Water dispersible granule/Wettable Granule (WG) formulation:
Step 1 Before starting the process, check the cleanliness of all equipment’s in plant and get approval by QC dept.
Step 2 Check the electrical connection and standardize the weighing balance.
Step 3 Take exact weight of active ingredients (technical) in blender and then add required quantity of binder & surfactants and mix it till its complete homogenization.
Step 4 Mill this homogenized Mixture till required wet sieve and post blend again for homogeneity.
Step 5 Pass the above homogenous material through Extruder for granulation.
Step 6 Now transfer the granules through Fluid Bed Dryer to remove excess moisture.
Step 7 Transfer these granules to vibro shifter.
Step 8 Collect the final material from the vibro shifter into drum.
Step 9 Finally send the sample to QC for approval.
Step 10 After approval by QC, transfer the material into different size of drums.

EXAMPLE 2:
WG (Water dispersible granule/Wettable Granule) formulation of Pyraclostrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Dimpropyridaz 10%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Pyraclostrobin a.i. Active ingredient 20.00
Tebuconazole a.i. Active ingredient 10.00
Dimpropyridaz a.i. Active ingredient 10.00
Trisiloxane heptamethyl Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent 5.00
Alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt Dispersing agent 1 7.00
Sodium Polycarboxylate Dispersing agent 2 3.50
Sodium sulphate anhydrous Disintegrating agent 7.00
Polydimethyl siloxane Antifoaming agent 0.50
Lactose anhydrous Carrier 37.00
Total 100.00

Storage stability-
Pyraclostrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Dimpropyridaz 10% WG
Storage stability study in laboratory (at 54±2 ? & At 0±2 ? temp. for 14 days) and at room temperature (for 12 months) shows that Pyraclostrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Dimpropyridaz 10% WG formulation complies all the in-house parameters like active ingredients content, suspensibility, wettability, wet sieve percent by mass, pH range and mositure content.
Procedure: Manufacturing process of Water dispersible granule/Wettable Granule (WG)
The manufacturing process remains same as that in Example 1.
EXAMPLE 3:
SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation of Azoxystrobin 10%+Difenoconazole 6%+Pyrifluquinazon 5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Azoxystrobin a.i. Active ingredient 10.00
Difenocoanzole a.i. Active ingredient 6.00
Pyrifluquinazon a.i. Active ingredient 5.00
Trisiloxane ethoxylate Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent 5.00
Naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt condensated with formaldehyde Dispersing agent 1 2.00
Tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO Dispersing agent 2 3.00
Bentonite clay Suspending agent 1.50
Polydimethyl siloxane Antifoaming agent 0.50
2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol Preservative 0.20
Polypropylene glycol Antifreezing agent 5.00
Xanthan gum Thickner 0.15
Water Diluent water 61.65
Total 100.00

Storage stability-
Azoxystrobin 10%+Difenoconazole 6%+Pyrifluquinazon 5% SC
Storage stability study in laboratory (at 54±2 ? & At 0±2 ? temp. for 14 days) and at room temperature (for 12 months) shows that Azoxystrobin 10%+Difenoconazole 6%+Pyrifluquinazon 5% SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation complies all the in-house parameters like active ingredients content, suspensibility, pH range, pourability, specific gravity, viscosity, particle size and anti-foaming.
Procedure: Manufacturing process of Suspension Concentrate (SC)
Preparation of Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation:
Step 1 2% Gel Preparation: Charge the required quantity of water to a vessel, equipped with a high shear stirrer and start the agitation. Add the required amount of preservative. Mix until homogenous. Add the required amount of thickener and mix vigorously until it is fully wetted.
Step 2 Charge the required quantity of water to a vessel, equipped with bulk agitator and a high shear homogenizer and start agitation. Add the required amount of ant freezing agent and mix until uniform. Add the antifoaming agent and ensure that it is well dispersed. Add the wetting and dispersing agent and mix until uniform. Ensure that the dispersing agent is fully dispersed.
Step 3 Now add the active ingredient and continue agitating the vessel contents until all components get dissolved. Mill this pre-mix through a Colloid mill and subsequently through a Dyno mill to meet the specified particle size.
Step 4 Now add remaining antifoaming agent to this SC mill base to a vessel, equipped with bulk agitator. Mix until uniform. Add the required amount of 2% aqueous pre-gel and suspending agent and continue agitation until the formulation is homogeneous and has the target viscosity is reached.
Step 5 Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 6 After approval, material is packed in required pack sizes.

EXAMPLE 4:
SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation of Pyraclostrobin 10%+Prothioconazole 7.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Pyraclostrobin a.i. Active ingredient 10.00
Prothioconazole a.i. Active ingredient 7.50
Triflumezopyrim a.i. Active ingredient 2.50
Trisiloxane ethoxylate Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent 5.00
Naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt condensated with formaldehyde Dispersing agent 1 2.00
Tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO Dispersing agent 2 3.00
Bentonite clay Suspending agent 1.50
Polydimethyl siloxane Antifoaming agent 0.50
2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol Preservative 0.20
Polypropylene glycol Antifreezing agent 5.00
Xanthan gum Thickner 0.15
Water Diluent water 62.65
Total 100.00
Storage stability-
Pyraclostrobin 10%+Prothioconazole 7.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5% SC
Storage stability study in laboratory (at 54±2 ? & At 0±2 ? temp. for 14 days) and at room temperature (for 12 months) shows that Pyraclostrobin 10%+Prothioconazole 7.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5% SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation complies all the in-house parameters like active ingredients content, suspensibility, pH range, pourability, specific gravity, viscosity, particle size and anti-foaming.
Procedure: Manufacturing process of Suspension Concentrate (SC)
The manufacturing process remains same as that in Example 3.
EXAMPLE 5:
SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation of Trifloxystrobin 10%+Tebuconazole 5%+Flupyrimin 10%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Trifloxystrobin a.i. Active ingredient 10.00
Tebuconazole a.i. Active ingredient 5.00
Flupyrimin a.i. Active ingredient 10.00
Trisiloxane ethoxylate Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent 5.00
Naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt condensated with formaldehyde Dispersing agent 1 2.00
Tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO Dispersing agent 2 3.00
Bentonite clay Suspending agent 1.50
Polydimethyl siloxane Antifoaming agent 0.50
2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol Preservative 0.20
Polypropylene glycol Antifreezing agent 5.00
Xanthan gum Thickner 0.15
Water Diluent water 57.65
Total 100.00

Storage stability-
Trifloxystrobin 10%+Tebuconazole 5%+Flupyrimin 10% SC
Storage stability study in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C temp. for 14 days) and at room temperature (for 12 months) shows that Trifloxystrobin 10%+Tebuconazole 5%+Flupyrimin 10% SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation complies all the in-house parameters like active ingredients content, suspensibility, pH range, pourability, specific gravity, viscosity, particle size and anti-foaming.

Procedure: Manufacturing process of Suspension Concentrate (SC)
The manufacturing process remains same as that in Example 3.

EXAMPLE 6:
List of Most preferred combinations with formulations:
Compound A Compound B Compound C Active ingredients (%) Formulation Strength (%) Formulation Type
A B C
Azoxystrobin Difenoconazole Pyrifluquinazon 10 6 5 21.00 SC
Picoxystrobin Difenoconazole Pyrifluquinazon 10 6 5 21.00 SC
Pyraclostrobin Difenoconazole Pyrifluquinazon 10 6 5 21.00 SC
Trifloxystrobin Difenoconazole Pyrifluquinazon 10 6 5 21.00 SC
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Flonicamid 20 8 12 40.00 WG
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Flonicamid 20 8 12 40.00 WG
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Flonicamid 20 8 12 40.00 WG
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Flonicamid 20 8 12 40.00 WG
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Dimpropyridaz 20 10 10 40.00 WG
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Dimpropyridaz 20 10 10 40.00 WG
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Dimpropyridaz 20 10 10 40.00 WG
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Dimpropyridaz 20 10 10 40.00 WG
Azoxystrobin Hexaconazole Spiropidion 10 5 5 20.00 SC
Picoxystrobin Hexaconazole Spiropidion 10 5 5 20.00 SC
Pyraclostrobin Hexaconazole Spiropidion 10 5 5 20.00 SC
Trifloxystrobin Hexaconazole Spiropidion 10 5 5 20.00 SC
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Flupyrimin 10 5 10 25.00 SC
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Flupyrimin 10 5 10 25.00 SC
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Flupyrimin 10 5 10 25.00 SC
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Flupyrimin 10 5 10 25.00 SC
Azoxystrobin Prothioconazole Triflumezopyrim 10 7.5 2.5 20.00 SC
Picoxystrobin Prothioconazole Triflumezopyrim 10 7.5 2.5 20.00 SC
Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Triflumezopyrim 10 7.5 2.5 20.00 SC
Trifloxystrobin Prothioconazole Triflumezopyrim 10 7.5 2.5 20.00 SC
Azoxystrobin Tebuconazole Pymetrozine 20 10 30 60.00 WG
Picoxystrobin Tebuconazole Pymetrozine 20 10 30 60.00 WG
Pyraclostrobin Tebuconazole Pymetrozine 20 10 30 60.00 WG
Trifloxystrobin Tebuconazole Pymetrozine 20 10 30 60.00 WG
Kresoxim methyl Tebuconazole Pymetrozine 20 10 30 60.00 WG

BIOLOGICAL EXAMPLES:
A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore, a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticidal activity than the sum of the pesticidal activities of the individual components.
In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined by Colby S.R. in an article entitled “ Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations” published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p.20-22, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The action expected for a given combination of two or three active components can be calculated as follows:

FIELD BIO-EFFICACY STUDIES:
The field studies have been conducted to judge the synergism and benefits of innovative ready-mix combinations in comparison to conventional combinations.

Experiment 1: insect-pests and disease control in chilly (Capsicum annum)
Crop : Chilly
Location : Umreth, Dist. Anand, Gujarat
Treatments : 20
Plot size : 32 sq.m. (square meter)
Crop age : 80 days after transplanting, when fruit rot disease and whitefly infestation observed.
Spray water volume : 480 liter per hectare
Method of Application: Foliar spray with battery operated knapsack sprayer fitted with hollow cone nozzle.
Agronomic Practices : All agronomic practices followed as per the crop requirement except insecticidal and fungicidal sprays.
Observation Methods:
Fruit rot (Colletotrichum capsici) control: The observations of severity of fruit rot disease were recorded using 0-9 grade. 100 fruits per plot were randomly selected and scored as per scale. The percent disease index (PDI) was calculated by the following formula.
Fruit rot disease Grading (0-9 scale):
Grade Symptoms
0 No incidence
1 Less than 1% fruit area infected
3 1-5% fruit area infected
5 6-25% fruit area infected
7 26-50% fruit area infected
9 51-100% fruit area infected

Apply Colby’s formula to % disease control to judge synergism.
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) control (%) - Count the number of live whitefly per leaf. Observe 3 leaves per plant and 10 plants per plot.

Fruit count: Count the number of healthy fruits per plant. Record such observations from 10 plants per plot.
Table 1: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment details Use Rate g.a.i./h
T1 Azoxystrobin 10%+Difenoconazole 6%+Pyrifluquinazon 5% SC 100+60+50
T2 Picoxystrobin 10%+Difenoconazole 6%+Pyrifluquinazon 5% SC 100+60+50
T3 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Difenoconazole 6%+Pyrifluquinazon 5% SC 100+60+50
T4 Trifloxystrobin 10%+Difenoconazole 6%+Pyrifluquinazon 5% SC 100+60+50
T5 Difenoconazole 25% EC+Pyrifluquinazon 20% SC (tank mix) 60+50
T6 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Pyrifluquinazon 20% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T7 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Pyrifluquinazon 20% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T8 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Pyrifluquinazon 20% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T9 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Pyrifluquinazon 20% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T10 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Difenoconazole 25% EC (tank mix) 100+60
T11 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Difenoconazole 25% EC (tank mix) 100+60
T12 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Difenoconazole 25% EC (tank mix) 100+60
T13 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Difenoconazole 25% EC (tank mix) 100+60
T14 Pyrifluquinazon 20% SC 50
T15 Difenoconazole 25% EC 60
T16 Azoxystrobin 23% SC 100
T17 Picoxystrobin 25% SC 100
T18 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 100
T19 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 100
T20 UTC (Untreated Check) 0
g.a.i./h-gram active ingredient per hectare

Table 2: Control of fruit rot disease and whitefly in chilly
Treatment Number % Fruit rot disease control Whitefly control (%) Average number of Chilly fruits/plant % increase in Chilly fruits over T20
Obs. Val. Cal. Val. Colby's Ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 99.20 91.43 1.09 Y 84.2 65.8 84.83
T2 99.40 91.80 1.08 Y 83.8 66.2 85.96
T3 99.40 92.04 1.08 Y 85.2 66.8 87.64
T4 98.60 91.12 1.08 Y 84.4 64.8 82.02
T5 69.40 69.16 1.00 N 81.4 52.2 46.63
T6 74.20 74.48 1.00 N 82.2 56.8 59.55
T7 75.20 75.58 0.99 N 81.6 55.2 55.06
T8 72.60 76.32 0.95 N 82.4 56.2 57.87
T9 73.20 73.56 1.00 N 81.6 54.8 53.93
T10 90.20 90.66 0.99 N 10.2 55.6 56.18
T11 90.40 91.06 0.99 N 11.4 56.2 57.87
T12 90.80 91.33 0.99 N 10.8 55.6 56.18
T13 89.60 90.32 0.99 N 10.6 57.2 60.67
T14 8.20 78.6 44.2 24.16
T15 66.40 9.4 45.8 28.65
T16 72.20 10.4 46.2 29.78
T17 73.40 10.8 45.8 28.65
T18 74.20 9.8 46.2 29.78
T19 71.20 10.2 46.4 30.34
T20 0.00 0.0 35.6 0.00
Obs. Val.-Observed value, Cal.Val.-Calculated value

All the ready mix combinations (T1, T2, T3 and T4) provides synergistic control of chilly fruit rot disease and also provides excellent control of chilly whitefly and produces higher number of healthy fruits per plant as compared to all the conventional treatments and untreated.

Experiment 2: insect-pests and disease control in cotton (Gossypium spp.)
Crop : Cotton
Location : Rajkot, Gujarat
Treatments : 20
Plot size : 48 sq.m.
Crop age : 78 days after transplanting, when leaf spot disease and jassid infestation observed.
Spray water volume : 500 liter per hectare
Method of Application: Foliar spray with battery operated knapsack sprayer fitted with hollow cone nozzle.
Agronomic Practices : All agronomic practices followed as per the crop requirement except insecticidal and fungicidal sprays.
Observation Methods:
Leaf spot (Cercospora spp.) disease control (%): Observations was recorded on disease severity in each treatment before and at 14 days after spray. The observations of severity of leaf spot disease were recorded using 0-9 grade. 100 randomly selected trifoliate leaves per plot were scored as per scale. The percent disease index (PDI) was calculated by the following formula.


Leaf spot disease grading (0-9 scale):
Grade Symptoms
0 No incidence
1 Less than 1% leaf area area infected
3 1-5% leaf area infected
5 6-25% leaf area infected
7 26-50% leaf area infected
9 51-100% leaf area infected

Apply Colby’s formulat to % disease control to calculate synergism.
Jassid (Amrasca biguttula biguttula) control (%) - Count the number of live jassid per leaf. Observe 3 leaves per plant and 10 plants per plot.

Fruiting bodies count: Count the number of total fruiting bodies (squares, flowers and bolls) per plant. Record observations from 10 plants per plot.

Table 3: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment details Use Rate g.a.i./h
T1 Azoxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Dimpropyridaz 10% WG 100+50+50
T2 Picoxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Dimpropyridaz 10% WG 100+50+50
T3 Pyraclostrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Dimpropyridaz 10% WG 100+50+50
T4 Trifloxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Dimpropyridaz 10% WG 100+50+50
T5 Tebuconazole 25% EC+Dimpropyridaz 20% SC (tank mix) 50+50
T6 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Dimpropyridaz 20% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T7 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Dimpropyridaz 20% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T8 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Dimpropyridaz 20% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T9 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Dimpropyridaz 20% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T10 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Tebuconazole 25% EC (tank mix) 100+50
T11 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Tebuconazole 25% EC (tank mix) 100+50
T12 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Tebuconazole 25% EC (tank mix) 100+50
T13 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Tebuconazole 25% EC (tank mix) 100+50
T14 Dimpropyridaz 12% SC 50
T15 Tebuconazole 25% EC 50
T16 Azoxystrobin 23% SC 100
T17 Picoxystrobin 25% SC 100
T18 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 100
T19 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 100
T20 UTC (Untreated Check) 0

Table 4: Control of Leaf spot disease and jassid in cotton crop
Treatment Number % Leaf spot disease control Jassid control (%) Average number of fruiting bodies/plant % increase in fruiting bodies over T20
Obs. Val. Cal. Val. Colby's Ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 100.00 92.73 1.08 Y 88.2 92.6 64.18
T2 100.00 92.94 1.08 Y 87.6 91.8 62.77
T3 100.00 93.20 1.07 Y 88.6 93.2 65.25
T4 100.00 92.99 1.08 Y 87.2 94.2 67.02
T5 72.20 73.66 0.98 N 85.2 84.6 50.00
T6 74.40 75.60 0.98 N 86.2 86.2 52.84
T7 75.60 76.31 0.99 N 85.8 87.4 54.96
T8 76.80 77.19 0.99 N 86.0 86.8 53.90
T9 75.40 76.49 0.99 N 85.6 87.8 55.67
T10 90.20 91.78 0.98 N 9.2 78.2 38.65
T11 91.20 92.01 0.99 N 8.6 77.6 37.59
T12 91.60 92.31 0.99 N 8.4 77.2 36.88
T13 91.40 92.07 0.99 N 9.2 78.4 39.01
T14 11.60 82.6 64.2 13.83
T15 70.20 8.2 62.4 10.64
T16 72.40 7.2 65.8 16.67
T17 73.20 8.4 64.6 14.54
T18 74.20 7.8 65.2 15.60
T19 73.40 8.6 66.4 17.73
T20 0.00 0.0 56.4 0.00

All the ready mix combinations (T1, T2, T3 and T4) provides synergistic control of cotton leaf spot disease and also provides excellent control of cotton jassid and produces higher number of fruiting bodies per plant as compared to all the conventional treatments and untreated.

Experiment 3: insect-pests and disease control in brinjal (Solanum melongena)
Crop : Brinjal
Location : Anand, Gujarat
Treatments : 20
Plot size : 36 sq.m.
Crop age : 72 days after transplanting, when leaf spot disease and whitefly infestation observed.
Spray water volume : 460 liter per hectare
Method of Application: Foliar spray with battery operated knapsack sprayer fitted with hollow cone nozzle.
Agronomic Practices : All agronomic practices followed as per the crop requirement except insecticidal and fungicidal sprays.
Observation Methods:
Leaf spot (Alternaria spp.) control (%)-Observations methods adopted as given in experiment 2 for Leaf spot (Cercospora spp.) disease.
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) control (%)-Observations method adopted as given in experiment 1.
Table 5: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment details Use Rate g.a.i./h
T1 Azoxystrobin 10%+Hexaconazole 5%+Spiropidion 5% SC 100+50+50
T2 Picoxystrobin 10%+Hexaconazole 5%+Spiropidion 5% SC 100+50+50
T3 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Hexaconazole 5%+Spiropidion 5% SC 100+50+50
T4 Trifloxystrobin 10%+Hexaconazole 5%+Spiropidion 5% SC 100+50+50
T5 Hexaconazole 5% SC+Spiropidion 10% SC (tank mix) 50+50
T6 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Spiropidion 10% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T7 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Spiropidion 10% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T8 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Spiropidion 10% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T9 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Spiropidion 10% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T10 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Hexaconazole 5% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T11 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Hexaconazole 5% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T12 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Hexaconazole 5% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T13 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Hexaconazole 5% SC (tank mix) 100+50
T14 Spiropidion 10% SC 50
T15 Hexaconazole 5% SC 50
T16 Azoxystrobin 23% SC 100
T17 Picoxystrobin 25% SC 100
T18 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 100
T19 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 100
T20 UTC (Untreated Check) 0

Table 6: Control of leaf spot disease and whitefly in brinjal
Treatment Number % Leaf spot disease control Whitefly control (%) Average number of fruits/ 5 plant % increase in fruits over T20
Obs. Val. Cal. Val. Colby's Ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 100.00 92.26 1.08 Y 88.8 68.2 76.68
T2 100.00 92.44 1.08 Y 87.2 69.4 79.79
T3 100.00 92.79 1.08 Y 89.4 67.8 75.65
T4 100.00 92.44 1.08 Y 88.4 68.4 77.20
T5 68.80 70.68 0.97 N 84.6 57.2 48.19
T6 74.20 75.66 0.98 N 83.8 60.2 55.96
T7 75.40 76.21 0.99 N 84.2 59.8 54.92
T8 76.20 77.32 0.99 N 83.2 60.6 56.99
T9 75.40 76.21 0.99 N 82.4 59.6 54.40
T10 90.20 91.60 0.98 N 10.2 57.2 48.19
T11 90.60 91.80 0.99 N 11.4 56.8 47.15
T12 91.20 92.18 0.99 N 9.8 58.2 50.78
T13 90.60 91.80 0.99 N 10.6 57.8 49.74
T14 7.80 84.2 46.8 21.24
T15 68.20 8.2 48.2 24.87
T16 73.60 7.8 47.4 22.80
T17 74.20 8.4 48.2 24.87
T18 75.40 6.8 46.8 21.24
T19 74.20 8.2 48.4 25.39
T20 0.00 0.0 38.6 0.00

All the ready mix combinations (T1, T2, T3 and T4) provides synergistic control of brinjal leaf spot disease and also provides excellent control of whitefly and produces higher number of fruits per plant as compared to all the conventional treatments and untreated.

Experiment 4: Control of insect-pest and diseases in paddy crop
Crop : Paddy
Location : Kurud, Chhattishgarh
Plot size : 40 sq. mt.
Number of Treatments: 20
Spray volume : 390 liter/h
Method of Application: Foliar spray with battery operated knap sack sprayer
Agronomic Practices : All agronomic practices followed as per the crop requirement except insect and disease control.

Observation Methods:
Sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) control: Observations was recorded on disease severity in each treatment before and at 14 days after spray. The observations of severity of sheath blight disease were recorded using 0-9 grade (SES, IRRI 1996). Twenty randomly selected hills were scored as per scale. The percent disease index (PDI) of plants was calculated by the following formula.


Sheath blight disease Grading (0-9 scale):
Grade Symptoms
0 No incidence
1 Less than 1% sheath area infected
3 1-5% sheath area infected
5 6-25% sheath area infected
7 26-50% sheath area infected
9 51-100% sheath area infected

Apply Colby’s formula to % disease control data and judge the synergism.
Stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas) control (% reduction in white earhead) - Count the number of infested tillers (white ear) and healthy tillers per hill. Record such observations from 10 hills per plot. Calculate stem borer incidence (as % white ear incidence) and then re-calculate stem borer control (% reduction in white ear).


Grain yield: Record the grain yield per plot at the time of harvest.
Table 7: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment details Use Rate g.a.i./h
T1 Azoxystrobin 10%+Tebuconazole 5%+Flupyrimin 10% SC 100+50+100
T2 Picoxystrobin 10%+Tebuconazole 5%+Flupyrimin 10% SC 100+50+100
T3 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Tebuconazole 5%+Flupyrimin 10% SC 100+50+100
T4 Trifloxystrobin 10%+Tebuconazole 5%+Flupyrimin 10% SC 100+50+100
T5 Tebuconazole 25% WG+Flupyrimin 10% SC (tank mix) 50+100
T6 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Flupyrimin 10% SC (tank mix) 100+100
T7 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Flupyrimin 10% SC (tank mix) 100+100
T8 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Flupyrimin 10% SC (tank mix) 100+100
T9 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Flupyrimin 10% SC (tank mix) 100+100
T10 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Tebuconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+50
T11 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Tebuconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+50
T12 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Tebuconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+50
T13 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Tebuconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+50
T14 Flupyrimin 10% SC 100
T15 Tebuconazole 25% WG 50
T16 Azoxystrobin 23% SC 100
T17 Picoxystrobin 25% SC 100
T18 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 100
T19 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 100
T20 UTC (Untreated Check) 0

Table 8: Control of sheath blight disease and stem borer in paddy crop
Treatment Number % Sheath blight disease control Percent reduction in Stem borer (White ear) incidence Grain yield/plot (kg) % increase in grain yield
Obs. Val. Cal. Val. Colby's Ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 96.80 86.86 1.11 Y 80.2 24.2 105.08
T2 98.20 86.41 1.14 Y 79.6 25.3 114.41
T3 97.40 86.71 1.12 Y 81.2 24.7 109.32
T4 98.40 86.49 1.14 Y 80.6 25.1 112.71
T5 61.40 62.67 0.98 N 78.4 21.6 83.05
T6 65.20 66.98 0.97 N 77.2 20.5 73.73
T7 64.80 65.86 0.98 N 78.2 22.4 89.83
T8 65.60 66.61 0.98 N 77.8 21.8 84.75
T9 65.20 66.04 0.99 N 76.8 22.1 87.29
T10 84.60 85.99 0.98 N 9.6 19.8 67.80
T11 83.60 85.51 0.98 N 8.8 18.9 60.17
T12 84.80 85.83 0.99 N 9.2 19.5 65.25
T13 83.60 85.59 0.98 N 9.4 18.7 58.47
T14 6.20 76.2 15.8 33.90
T15 60.20 5.8 14.5 22.88
T16 64.80 8.2 15.2 28.81
T17 63.60 7.6 14.9 26.27
T18 64.40 8.4 14.7 24.58
T19 63.80 7.8 14.3 21.19
T20 0.00 0.0 11.8 0.00

All the ready mix combinations (T1, T2, T3 and T4) provides synergistic control of paddy sheath blight disease and also provides excellent control of stem borer and produces higher grain yield as compared to all the conventional treatments and untreated.

Experiment 5: Control of insect-pest and diseases in paddy crop
Experimental details and observations method for sheath blight disease and grain yield were same as given in experiment 4.
Brown Plant Hopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens): The observation was recorded by counting the no. of live BPH per hill. Record the observations from 10 hills per plot. The percent insect control was worked out by below formula:

Table 9: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment details Use Rate g.a.i./h
T1 Azoxystrobin 10%+Prothioconazole 7.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5% SC 100+75+25
T2 Picoxystrobin 10%+Prothioconazole 7.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5% SC 100+75+25
T3 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Prothioconazole 7.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5% SC 100+75+25
T4 Trifloxystrobin 10%+Prothioconazole 7.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5% SC 100+75+25
T5 Prothioconazole 25% WG+Triflumezopyrim 10% SC (tank mix) 75+25
T6 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Triflumezopyrim 10% SC (tank mix) 100+25
T7 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Triflumezopyrim 10% SC (tank mix) 100+25
T8 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Triflumezopyrim 10% SC (tank mix) 100+25
T9 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Triflumezopyrim 10% SC (tank mix) 100+25
T10 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Prothioconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+75
T11 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Prothioconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+75
T12 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Prothioconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+75
T13 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Prothioconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+75
T14 Triflumezopyrim 10% SC 25
T15 Prothioconazole 25% EC 75
T16 Azoxystrobin 23% SC 100
T17 Picoxystrobin 25% SC 100
T18 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 100
T19 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 100
T20 UTC (Untreated Check) 0

Table 10: Control of sheath blight disease and BPH in paddy crop
Treatment Number % Sheath blight disease control % Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) control Grain yield/plot (kg) % increase in grain yield
Obs. Val. Cal. Val. Colby's Ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 99.20 95.13 1.04 Y 88.6 25.8 89.71
T2 99.80 95.35 1.05 Y 89.2 26.0 91.18
T3 97.60 95.00 1.03 Y 89.6 25.3 86.03
T4 99.20 95.18 1.04 Y 88.8 26.2 92.65
T5 76.20 77.66 0.98 N 85.6 22.4 64.71
T6 78.80 80.21 0.98 N 87.2 23.4 72.06
T7 80.20 81.11 0.99 N 86.8 22.8 67.65
T8 78.40 79.66 0.98 N 87.4 23.2 70.59
T9 79.40 80.39 0.99 N 86.2 23.8 75.00
T10 93.20 94.64 0.98 N 10.2 19.6 44.12
T11 92.40 94.88 0.97 N 11.4 18.8 38.24
T12 91.60 94.49 0.97 N 9.8 19.2 41.18
T13 92.60 94.69 0.98 N 10.2 18.6 36.76
T14 9.20 84.8 16.8 23.53
T15 75.40 8.2 15.2 11.76
T16 78.20 7.8 16.3 19.85
T17 79.20 8.4 15.7 15.44
T18 77.60 8.2 16.2 19.12
T19 78.40 7.8 15.4 13.24
T20 0.00 0.0 13.6 0.00

All the ready mix combinations (T1, T2, T3 and T4) provides synergistic control of paddy sheath blight disease and also provides excellent control of brown plant hopper (BPH) and produces higher grain yield as compared to all the conventional treatments and untreated.

Experiment 6: Control of insect-pest and diseases in paddy crop
Experimental details and observations method for grain yield were same as given in experiment 4 and for Brown plant hopper (BPH) as given in experiment 5.
Grain discoloration (caused by Curvularia spp., Alternaria spp., Fusarium spp., Pyricularia spp.) (%) - Count the number of diseased (Infected) grain and healthy grains from randomly selected 10 panicles per plot. Calculate % grains discoloration and recalculate % grain discoloration control.

Table 11: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment details Use Rate g.a.i./h
T1 Azoxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Pymetrozine 30% WG 100+50+150
T2 Picoxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Pymetrozine 30% WG 100+50+150
T3 Pyraclostrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Pymetrozine 30% WG 100+50+150
T4 Trifloxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Pymetrozine 30% WG 100+50+150
T5 Tebuconazole 25% WG+Pymetrozine 50% WG (tank mix) 50+150
T6 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Pymetrozine 50% WG (tank mix) 100+150
T7 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Pymetrozine 50% WG (tank mix) 100+150
T8 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Pymetrozine 50% WG (tank mix) 100+150
T9 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Pymetrozine 50% WG (tank mix) 100+150
T10 Azoxystrobin 23% SC+Tebuconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+50
T11 Picoxystrobin 25% SC+Tebuconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+50
T12 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG+Tebuconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+50
T13 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG+Tebuconazole 25% WG (tank mix) 100+50
T14 Pymetrozine 50% WG 150
T15 Tebuconazole 25% WG 50
T16 Azoxystrobin 23% SC 100
T17 Picoxystrobin 25% SC 100
T18 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 100
T19 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 100
T20 UTC (Untreated Check) 0

Table 12: Control of grain discoloration disease and BPH in paddy crop.
Treatment Number % Grain discoloration disease control % Brown Plant Hopper (BPH) control Grain yield/plot (kg) % increase in grain yield
Obs. Val. Cal. Val. Colby's Ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 98.40 91.37 1.08 Y 74.2 23.2 87.10
T2 97.60 91.25 1.07 Y 75.2 24.2 95.16
T3 99.20 91.43 1.08 Y 74.2 22.8 83.87
T4 98.60 91.13 1.08 Y 75.4 24.6 98.39
T5 69.20 70.04 0.99 N 70.2 20.4 64.52
T6 71.60 72.87 0.98 N 69.8 19.4 56.45
T7 71.20 72.49 0.98 N 70.4 20.4 64.52
T8 72.40 73.06 0.99 N 69.2 21.2 70.97
T9 70.80 72.12 0.98 N 70.6 20.5 65.32
T10 88.60 90.84 0.98 N 10.2 17.8 43.55
T11 89.40 90.71 0.99 N 11.4 18.2 46.77
T12 89.20 90.91 0.98 N 10.8 17.4 40.32
T13 89.40 90.59 0.99 N 11.2 18.4 48.39
T14 5.80 66.8 16.7 34.68
T15 68.20 8.4 16.2 30.65
T16 71.20 7.8 15.9 28.23
T17 70.80 9.2 14.5 16.94
T18 71.40 8.8 13.8 11.29
T19 70.40 8.2 15.3 23.39
T20 0.00 0.0 12.4 0.00

All the ready mix combinations (T1, T2, T3 and T4) provides synergistic control of grain discoloration disease and also provides excellent control of brown plant hopper (BPH) and produces higher grain yield as compared to all the conventional treatments and untreated.
Overall summery of field trials:
The field trials results shows many benefits/advantages of ready mix formulations. The synergism observed in terms of insect-pests and disease control.
• Provides higher level of insect and disease control (increase in % control)
• Provides longer duration of control (residual control)
Increases plant growth, vigor, height, produces a greater number of tillers, shoots, branches, flowers, fruits, grains etc. and overall biomass of the crop, which directly increases the yield of the crop.

CLAIMS:CLAIMS
We claim;
[CLAIM 1]. A synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides comprising:
a. a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group or mixture thereof;
b. a fungicide selected from the class of triazoles or mixture thereof;
c. one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof; and
d. formulation excipients.

[CLAIM 2]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group is selected from fluoxastrobin, mandestrobin, azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, kresoxim methyl or trifloxystrobin or mixture thereof.

[CLAIM 3]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fungicide of triazoles class is selected from cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole or tricyclazole or mixture thereof.

[CLAIM 4]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein an insecticide from the class of nicotinic insecticides is selected from acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, flupyrimin, cycloxaprid, paichongding, guadipyr, cycloxylidin, sulfoxaflor, flupyradifurone, triflumezopyrim, dichloromezotiaz.

[CLAIM 5]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein an insecticide from the class of chordotonal organs modulators is selected from adifopyropen, flonicamid, pymetrozine or pyrifluquinazon.

[CLAIM 6]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein an insecticide from the class of compounds of unknown or uncertain mode of action is selected from dimpropyridaz (pyrazole carboxamide insecticide) or spiropidion.

[CLAIM 7]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation for the said composition is selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Flowable suspension/concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granule/ soil applied (GR), Controlled (Slow or Fast) release granules (CR), Solution for seed treatment (LS), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (= flowable concentrate) (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water soluble powder (SP), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry treatment (WS), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW), Granule (GR) / Soil Applied Granules (SAG), Controlled release granules (CR); and and one or more customary formulation adjuvants such as a) dispersant b) wetting agent c) anti-foaming agent d) biocides e) anti-freezing agent f) suspending agent g) thickener h) coating agent and i) buffering agent.

[CLAIM 8]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1–claim 7, wherein the preferred compositions of active ingredients comprises:
i Azoxystrobin 20%+ Hexaconazole 8%+ Flonicamid 12% WG
ii Picoxystrobin 20%+ Tebuconazole 10%+ Dimpropyridaz 10% WG
iii Pyraclostrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+ Pymetrozine 30% WG
iv Azoxystrobin 10%+ Difenoconazole 6%+ Pyrifluquinazon 5% SC
v Azoxystrobin 10%+Hexaconazole 5%+ Spiropidion 5% SC
vi Picoxystrobin 10%+ Prothioconazole 7.5%+ Triflumezopyrim 2.5% SC

[CLAIM 9]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1–claim 8, wherein the preferred compositions of active ingredients for the WG (Water dispersible granule/Wettable Granule) formulation comprises:
i. Azoxystrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Pymetrozine 30%
ii. Pyraclostrobin 20%+Tebuconazole 10%+Dimpropyridaz 10%

[CLAIM 10]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 9, wherein the WG (Water dispersible granule/Wettable Granule) formulation comprises:
i. a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group is selected from fluoxastrobin, mandestrobin, azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, kresoxim methyl or trifloxystrobin or mixture thereof present in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight of the composition;
ii. a fungicide of triazoles class selected from cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole or tricyclazole or mixture thereof present in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight of the composition;
iii. one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof present in an amount of 0.1 to 40% by weight of the composition;
iv. Super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent in an amount of 4 to 10 % by weight;
v. dispersing agent 1 in an amount of 2 to 10 % by weight;
vi. dispersing agent 2 in an amount of 2 to 5 % by weight;
vii. disintegrating agent in an amount of 4 to 10 % by weight;
viii. antifoaming agent in an amount of 0.1 to 1 % by weight; and
ix. carrier in an amount of 15 to 20 % by weight.

[CLAIM 11]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 10, wherein wetting agent is selected from sodium N-methyl-N-oleoyl taurate, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, mixture of isomers of dibutyl naphthalene sulphonic acid sodium salt, sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium Lauryl sulfate, dioctyl sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, phosphate esters, sulphosuccinates and non-ionic such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl or alkaryl sulfonates such as alkylbenzene sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonate and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated alkyl or alkaryl carboxylates, alkyl or alkaryl phosphate esters, alkyl polysaccharide, di or mono alkyl sulfosuccinate derivatives, alpha olefin sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, dialkyl sulphosuccinates, butyl, dibutyl, isopropyl and di-isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate salts, C12 alkyl benzene sulfonate or C10-C16 alkyl benzene sulfonate, organosilicons surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, trisiloxane heptamethyl, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof.

[CLAIM 12]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 10, wherein dispersing agents are selected from alkylnaphthalene sulfonate sodium salt, sodium polycarboxylate, naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensates with formaldehyde, polyalcoxylated alkylphenol, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene-formaldehyde-condensate sodium salt, naphthalene condensates, lignosulfonates, polyacrylates and phosphate esters, calcium lignosulfonate, lignin sulfonate sodium salt.

[CLAIM 13]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 10, wherein disintegrating agent is selected from citric acid, sodium sulphate anhydrous succinic acid and sodium bicarbonate.

[CLAIM 14]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 10, wherein antifoaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane.

[CLAIM 15]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 10, wherein carrier is selected from china clay, silica, lactose anhydrous, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate anhydrous, corn starch, urea, EDTA, urea formaldehyde resin, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, kieselguhr, fuller's earth, attapulgite clay, bole, loess, talc, chalk, dolomite, limestone, lime, calcium carbonate, powdered magnesia, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride, gypsum, calcium sulphate, pyrophyllite, silicates and silica gels; fertilizers such as, for example, ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate and urea; natural products of vegetable origin such as, for example, grain meals and flours, bark meals, wood meals, nutshell meals and cellulosic powders; and synthetic polymeric materials such as, for example, ground or powdered plastics and resins, bentonites, zeolites, titanium dioxide, iron oxides and hydroxides, aluminium oxides and hydroxides, or organic materials such as bagasse, charcoal, or synthetic organic polymers.

[CLAIM 16]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 1–claim 8, wherein the preferred compositions of active ingredients for the SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation comprises:

i Azoxystrobin 10%+Difenoconazole 6%+Pyrifluquinazon 5%
ii Pyraclostrobin 10%+Prothioconazole 7.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5%
iii Trifloxystrobin 10%+Tebuconazole 5%+Flupyrimin 10%

[CLAIM 17]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 16, wherein the SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation comprises:

i. a fungicide of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) class from strobilurin group is selected from fluoxastrobin, mandestrobin, azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, kresoxim methyl or trifloxystrobin or mixture thereof present in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight of the composition;
ii. a fungicide of triazoles class selected from cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole or tricyclazole or mixture thereof present in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight of the composition;
iii. one insecticide selected from class of nicotinic group or chordotonal organs modulators or the insecticidal compound with unknown mode of action or mixture thereof present in an amount of 0.1 to 40% by weight of the composition;
iv. wetting-spreading-penetrating agent in an amount of 2 to 10 % by weight;
v. dispersing agent 1 in an amount of 1 to 5 % by weight;
vi. dispersing agent 2 in an amount of 1 to 5 % by weight;
vii. suspending agent in an amount of 1 to 3 % by weight;
viii. antifoaming agent in an amount of 0.1 to 1 % by weight;
ix. preservative in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 % by weight;
x. antifreezing agent in an amount of 2 to 6% by weight;
xi. thickner in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight; and
xii. diluent water in an amount of 50 to 70% by weight.

[CLAIM 18]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 17, wherein wetting-spreading-penetrating agent is selected from ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, polyalkoxylated butyl ether, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, organosilicons surfactants (as a wetting-spreading-penetrating agent) includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof.

[CLAIM 19]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 17, wherein dispersing agent is selected from naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt condensated with formaldehyde, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium polycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycol ether with ethylene oxide, tallow fatty amine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycol ether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.

[CLAIM 20]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 17, wherein suspending agent is selected from aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, and attapulgite clay.

[CLAIM 21]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 17, wherein antifoaming agent is selected from silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethyl siloxane, polydimethyl siloxane, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane.
[CLAIM 22]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 17, wherein preservative is selected from 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenyl phenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.

[CLAIM 23]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 17, wherein anti-freezing agent is selected from ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerin or the urea, glycol (monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol), glycerin, urea, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride.

[CLAIM 24]. The synergistic pesticidal composition consisting of fungicides and insecticides as claimed in claim 17, wherein thickner is selected from xanthan gum, PVK, carboxymethyl celluloses, polyvinyl alcohols, gelatin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, modified starch.