Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of pesticidal composition. Particularly, the present disclosure provides a pesticide composition for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.

BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] The most numerous and successful animals on earth are undoubtedly insects. Despite some helpful species, a great many insects are a bane to humans. Many months of the year, people venturing outdoors are plagued by biting insects, such as mosquitoes, gnats, noseeums (biting midges), flies, ticks, head lice, fire ants, fleas, and other insects. The bites and stings inflicted by “biting” insects are often itchy, can become infected, and subsequently may prove fatal to the subject.
[0004] Almost everyone in their life has had the unpleasant experience of being bitten by a mosquito. Mosquito bites can cause skin irritation through an allergic reaction to the mosquito's saliva - this is what causes the red bump and itching. They are the vectors responsible for transmitting serious and life-threatening diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and lymphatic filariasis.
[0005] Numerous devices, agents, compositions, and formulations are already reported in the literature and are commercially available, capable of repelling, killing, or reducing the number of mosquitoes in a premise. However, these devices, agents/formulations still suffer from certain limitations such as being expensive, ineffective, and exhibiting certain side-effects such as irritation, allergy, uneasiness, reduction in oxygen content, etc.
[0006] There is, therefore, a need in the art to develop new and improved compositions that control various indoor and outdoor pests and overcome one or more problems associated with the conventional compositions/formulations thereof. The present invention satisfies the existing as well as other needs.

OBJECTS
[0007] A primary object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that overcomes one or more limitations associated with conventional pesticide compositions/formulations.
[0008] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition for repelling and/or reducing and/or controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[0009] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition for repelling and/or reducing and/or controlling the population of mosquitoes.
[00010] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that exhibits high repellence and pesticidal activity.
[00011] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that is safe and devoid of side effects such as irritation, allergy, uneasiness, reduction in oxygen content, etc.
[00012] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that exhibits superior storage stability and synergistic activity /functional reciprocity.
[00013] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a pesticide composition that is easy to prepare and economical.
[00014] Other objects of the present invention will be apparent from the description of the invention herein below.

SUMMARY
[00015] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of pesticidal composition. Particularly, the present disclosure provides a pesticide composition for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[00016] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a pesticide composition for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said composition includes: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 80% to 98% by weight of the composition; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the composition; Camphor in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of the composition; a Pyrethroid compound in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 1.0% by weight of the composition; and rest being an excipient.
[00017] In an embodiment, the Pyrethroid is selected from any or a combination of Allethrins, Bifenthrin, Cyfluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin, Deltamethrin, Dimefluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Flumethrin, Imiprothrin, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Metofluthrin, Pyrethrins, Permethrin, Phenothrin, Prallethrin, Resmethrin, Sumithrin (D-Phenothrin), Silafluofen, Tau-Fluvalinate, Tetramethrin, Tefluthrin, Tralomethrin and Transfluthrin.
[00018] In an embodiment, the excipient is selected from any or a combination of a perfume, a preservative, an adhesive, a smoldering agent, a burning aid, a binder, a filler, a burnable base, a propellant, a solvent, a wetting agent, a solubilizer, a hardening agent, an emulsifier, a diluent, a lubricant, a colouring agent, a lower alcohol, and a neutralization base.
[00019] In an embodiment, the composition is formulated into a solid form, a gel, or a gaseous form. In an embodiment, the composition is formulated into a powder, a dust, a chalk, granules, pellets, a burning paper, a coil, a stick, a joss stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a crack and service filler, and a self-ignite formulation.
[00020] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a solid pesticide formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation includes: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 80% to 98% by weight of the formulation; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the formulation; Camphor in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of the formulation; a Pyrethroid compound in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 1.0% by weight of the formulation; and rest being an excipient. In an embodiment, the solid formulation includes a granule, a paste, a powder, a dust, a wax, pellets, a burning paper, a coil, a stick, a joss stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a caulk, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a crack and service filler, and a self-ignite formulation.
[00021] Other aspects, advantages, and salient features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which is taken in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[00022] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more comprehensively with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of the ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
[00023] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in disclosing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this invention belongs. By means of further guidance, term definitions may be included to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention.
[00024] As used in the description herein, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[00025] As used herein, the terms “comprise”, “comprises”, “comprising”, “include”, “includes”, and “including” are meant to be non-limiting, i.e., other steps and other ingredients which do not affect the end of result can be added. The above terms encompass the terms “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of”.
[00026] The terms “weight percent”, “percent by weight”, “% by weight”, and variations thereof, as used herein, refer to the concentration of a substance as the weight of that substance divided by the total weight of the composition and multiplied by 100. It is understood that, as used here, “percent”, “%”, and the like are intended to be synonymous with “weight percent”, etc.
[00027] The terms ‘pest’ and ‘insect’ are used synonymously and interchangeably throughout the specification. The terms ‘pest’ or ‘insect’ as used herein refers to any insect or small animal that is harmful or damages crops or livestock or otherwise interferes with the wellbeing of human beings such as spreading disease, causes destruction, or is otherwise a nuisance. The term ‘pest’ includes, but are not limited to: arthropods such as insects, arachnids, centipedes, mosquitoes, houseflies, drain flies, vespa spp. (hornet), cockroaches, ants, bedbugs, spiders, mites, aphids, thrips, whiteflies, loopers, worms, beetles, leafrollers, moths, weevils including larvae and eggs thereof, and reptiles such as lizards.
[00028] The term ‘mosquito’ or ‘mosquitoes’ as used herein refers to each and every species of mosquitoes reported in the literature. It includes both male and female mosquitoes. The term further includes them in their different stages of life cycles such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult.
[00029] The term ‘controlling’ as used herein refers to repelling, killing, preventing, and/or reducing the population of various indoor and outdoor pest(s) and/or insect(s)
[00030] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as concentration, reaction conditions, and so forth, used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the invention are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term “about”. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description are approximations that can vary depending on the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable.
[00031] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein.
[00032] The headings and abstract of the invention provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the embodiments.
[00033] The following discussion provides many example embodiments of the inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus, if one embodiment comprises elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment comprises elements B and D, then the inventive subject matter is also considered to include other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, even if not explicitly disclosed.
[00034] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of pesticidal composition. Particularly, the present disclosure provides a pesticide composition for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[00035] The present disclosure is on the premise of a surprising discovery that when Areca catechu, Pogostemon cablin, Camphor, and a Pyrethroid compound are included as part of a pesticide composition in the weight percentages as defined herein, it exhibits exceptional functional reciprocity and synergistic activity, and affords dramatic improvement in controlling the population of various indoor as well as outdoor pests as compared to the individual ingredients and that too at a very low concentration. The observed synergistic effect is unexpected and surprising.
[00036] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a pesticide composition for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said composition includes: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 80% to 98% by weight of the composition; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the composition; Camphor in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of the composition; a Pyrethroid compound in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 1.0% by weight of the composition; and rest being an excipient.
[00037] In an embodiment, the pesticide composition includes Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 80% to 97% by weight, including 82% to 96%, 84% to 95%, 85% to 95%, 87% to 93, 88% to 94%, or 88% to 92%. In an embodiment, the composition includes Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 4.8% by weight, including 0.8% to 4.5%, 1% to 4.5%, 1% to 4.0%, 1.5% to 4.0, 1.2% to 4.2%, 1.4% to 3.8%, 1.4% to 3.5% or 2% to 4%. In an embodiment, the composition includes Camphor in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 4.8% by weight, including 0.8% to 4.5%, 1% to 4.5%, 1% to 4.0%, 1.5% to 4.0, 1.2% to 4.2%, 1.4% to 3.8%, 1.4% to 3.5% or 2% to 4%. In an embodiment, the composition includes a Pyrethroid compound in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 0.95% by weight, including 0.06% to 0.90%, 0.08% to 0.80%, 0.09% to 0.75%, 0.1 % to 0.70, 0.15% to 0.65%, 0.2% to 0.60%, or 0.25% to 0.50%.
[00038] In an embodiment, the Pyrethroid is selected from any or a combination of Allethrins, Bifenthrin, Cyfluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin, Deltamethrin, Dimefluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Flumethrin, Imiprothrin, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Metofluthrin, Pyrethrins, Permethrin, Phenothrin, Prallethrin, Resmethrin, Sumithrin (D-Phenothrin), Silafluofen, Tau-Fluvalinate, Tetramethrin, Tefluthrin, Tralomethrin and Transfluthrin
[00039] In an embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure aids in repelling, killing, preventing, and/or reducing various indoor and outdoor pests.
[00040] In an embodiment, the indoor and outdoor pests are selected from the group consisting of arthropods such as insects, arachnids, centipedes, mosquitoes, houseflies, drain flies, Vespa spp. (Hornet), cockroaches, ants, bedbugs, spiders, mites, aphids, thrips, whiteflies, loopers, worms, beetles, leafrollers, moths, weevils including larvae, and eggs thereof.
[00041] In an embodiment, the composition comprises: a whole of or a part of or an extract of or an oil of Areca catechu. In an embodiment, the composition comprises root, leaves, shoot, fruits, husk, seed, stem, bark sap, bud, or a combination thereof of Areca catechu. In an embodiment, the composition comprises fruits, husks, or a combination thereof of Areca catechu. In an embodiment, the composition comprises husk powder of Areca catechu.
[00042] In an embodiment, the composition comprises: a whole of or a part of or an extract of or an oil of Pogostemon cablin. In an embodiment, the composition comprises roots, leaves, twigs, flowers, seeds, or a combination thereof of Pogostemon cablin. In an embodiment, the composition comprises leaves or twigs of Pogostemon cablin. In an embodiment, the composition comprises an oil of Pogostemon cablin. In an embodiment, the composition comprises leaf oil of Pogostemon cablin.
[00043] In an embodiment, Camphor is synthetic Camphor.
[00044] In an embodiment, the Pyrethroid is selected from any or a combination of Allethrins, Bifenthrin, Cyfluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin, Deltamethrin, Dimefluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Flumethrin, Imiprothrin, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Metofluthrin, Pyrethrins, Permethrin, Phenothrin, Prallethrin, Resmethrin, Sumithrin (D-Phenothrin), Silafluofen, Tau-Fluvalinate, Tetramethrin, Tefluthrin, Tralomethrin and Transfluthrin. In an embodiment, the Pyrethroid is Transfluthrin. In an embodiment, the Pyrethroid is Metofluthrin.
[00045] In an embodiment, the excipient is selected from any or a combination of a perfume, a preservative, an adhesive, a smoldering agent, a burning aid, a binder, a filler, a burnable base, a propellant, a solvent, a wetting agent, a solubilizer, a hardening agent, an emulsifier, a diluent, a lubricant, a colouring agent, a lower alcohol, and a neutralization base.
[00046] In an embodiment, the perfume(s)/fragrance agent include, but are not limited to: various naturally or commercially available orange oil, lemon oil, lavender oil, peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil, citronella oil, lime oil, yuzu oil, jasmine oil, cypress oil, green tea essential oil, limonene, a-pinene, linalool, geraniol, phenylethyl alcohol, amylcinnamic aldehyde, cuminaldehyde, benzyl acetate, Pure Soul MMN37683, Classic Guggul MMN37681, Lemony perfume, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other perfume(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00047] In an embodiment, the preservative(s) include, but are not limited to: sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, phenoxyethanol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, sorbic acid, benzoic acid, propionic acid or salts, Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT), and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other preservative(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00048] In an embodiment, the adhesive(s) include, but are not limited to: Joss (Jiggit powder), corn starch, wheat starch, potato starch, pea starch, Tamarind starch, etc. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other adhesive(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00049] In an embodiment, the smoldering agent(s) or burning aid(s) include, but are not limited to: potassium nitrate (KNO3), sodium nitrate (NaNO3), potassium chloride, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other smoldering agent(s) or burning aid(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00050] In an embodiment, the binder(s) include, but are not limited to: guar gum, starch, for example, potato starch, maize starch, corn starch, tamarind seed powder, water, povidone, copovidone, kaolin and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other binder(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00051] In an embodiment, the filler(s) or burnable base(s) or a thickener include, but are not limited to: Aerosil 200, Paraffin wax, sawdust powder, Joss (Jiggit powder), coconut shell powder, wood powder, wood chips, wood fiber, wood charcoal, vegetable shell powders, for e.g. cocoa shell, peanut shell, fibrous waste, for e.g. rayon waste, cotton waste, waste paper and mineral fibers, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other filler(s) or burnable base(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00052] In an embodiment, the propellant(s) include, but are not limited to: liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether (DME), nitrogen gas, carbonic acid gas, nitrous oxide, compressed air, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other propellant(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00053] In an embodiment, the solvent(s) include, but are not limited to: hydrocarbons such as aliphatic hydrocarbon (C5 to C20 carbon atoms having branched and/or unbranched chains), aromatic hydrocarbon and alicyclic hydrocarbon, alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol) and methanol, esters such as fatty acid ester, vegetable oils, animal oils, and water. Further, among the aliphatic hydrocarbons, a paraffinic hydrocarbon (linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon), inter alia, normal paraffin (n-paraffin) is preferably used. It further includes higher fatty acid esters and alcohols. It further includes D-80, D-100, or a mixture thereof in the required amount. Preferable examples of organic solvents include higher fatty acid esters and alcohols. The higher fatty acid ester preferably has 16 to 20 carbon atoms in total. Examples of such a higher fatty acid ester include isopropyl myristate, butyl myristate, hexyl laurate, isopropyl palmitate, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other solvent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00054] In an embodiment, the wetting agent(s) include, but are not limited to: 1,2-propylene glycol, glycerol, hyaluronate sodium, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any wetting agent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00055] In an embodiment, solubilizer(s) include, but are not limited to: isomeryl alcohol APEO, PEG-40 PEG-60, polysorbas20, the Tween 80, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other solubilizer(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00056] In an embodiment, hardening agent(s) include, but are not limited to: water-miscible sylvite, sodium salt, magnesium salts, calcium salt, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other hardening agent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00057] In an embodiment, the emulsifier(s) include, but are not limited to: hydrogenated lecithin, C12-16 Alcohols, palmitic acid (e.g., Biophillic™ H) and cetyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate, PEG-75 stearate, ceteth-20, steareth-2 (Emulium® Delta), Tween (Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60 and Tween 80) and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other emulsifier (s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00058] In an embodiment, the diluent(s) include, but are not limited to: microfine cellulose, lactose, starch, pregelatinized starch, calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, sugar, dextrates, dextrin, dextrose, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, tribasic calcium phosphate, kaolin, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, maltodextrin, mannitol, potassium chloride, powdered cellulose, sodium chloride, sorbitol, talc, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other diluent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00059] In an embodiment, the lubricant(s) include, but are not limited to: zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, calcium stearate, Vegetable stearin, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other lubricant(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00060] In an embodiment, the colouring agent(s) include, but are not limited to: E102 Tartrazine, E104 Quin- oline Yellow, E110 Sunset Yellow FCF, E120 - Cochineal, carminic acid, Carmines, E122 Azorubine (Carmoisine), E123 Amaranth, E124 Ponceau 4R (Cochineal Red A), E127 Erythrosine, E129 Allura Red, E131 Patent Blue, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other colouring agent(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00061] In an embodiment, lower alcohol(s) include, but are not limited to: ethanol, ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerin, butanediol, and combinations thereof. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other lower alcohol(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00062] In an embodiment, the neutralization base(s) include, but are not limited to: triethanolamine. However, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that any other neutralization base(s) can be utilized to serve the intended purpose.
[00063] While one or more embodiments of the present disclosure enumerates and describes a list of excipients that may be used in the composition to serve an intended purpose, it should be appreciated that one or more excipient(s) may also serve more than one function, obviating the need of inclusion of separate excipients for the specified purpose. Although several embodiments of the present disclosure name a few of the commonly used excipients, any other excipient(s) known to or appreciated by a skilled person can also be used to realize the advantageous compositions of the present disclosure.
[00064] The ingredients of the compositions/formulations of the present disclosure exhibit functional reciprocity therebetween, and accordingly aid in repelling, killing, preventing, and/or reducing the population of indoor as well as outdoor pests. Compositions/formulations of the present disclosure also exhibit superior storage stability. The composition of the present disclosure also provides a pleasant aroma by releasing different fragrances to give an aromatherapy effect while knocking down harmful pests.
[00065] In an embodiment, the composition is formulated into a solid form, a gel, or a gaseous form.
[00066] In an embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure is formulated into any formulation, including but not limited to, a powder, a dust, a chalk, granules, pellets, a burning paper, a coil, a stick, a joss stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a crack and service filler, a self-ignite formulation, and the likes. In an embodiment, the pesticidal compositions can be developed in a non-smoldering form for protection from pests.
[00067] In an embodiment, the composition is formulated into a powder, a dust, a chalk, granules, pellets, a burning paper, a coil, a stick, a joss stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a crack and service filler, and a self-ignite formulation.
[00068] However, the composition of the present disclosure may be formulated into any or a combination of other solid pesticide formulation(s), as known to or appreciated by a person skilled in the art to serve the intended purpose. In an embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure can be manufactured by any conventional method, known to or appreciated by a person skilled in the art working in the pertinent field to serve the intended purpose.
[00069] The composition according to the present disclosure is a self-combusting powder, that is, it burns completely without the need for a wick, producing smoke wherein, it has a higher density than air and is heavy. In an embodiment, the powder formulation can be loaded in/on a combustible material rolling over a self-ignitable match stick. The present disclosure also provides a method for applying pesticides, methods for manufacturing the self-combusting powder composition, and the use thereof for pest control wherever required.
[00070] In an embodiment, the self-ignite formulations are delivered through various conventional devices, for example, a device that may contain an ignitable material such as potassium nitrate, and the like, that may lead to fire flame after being stroked against a striking surface (made up of materials such as sand, powdered glass, red phosphorus and the like). In an embodiment, in such devices for e.g. a match head is dragged along the striking surface, the sand and powdered glass cause friction and heat, which is enough to convert some of the red phosphorous to white phosphorus, a volatile chemical that immediately ignites upon coming in contact of the air and, hence, act as a source of smoldering for a pesticidal formulation loaded on a wooden splint. Any device, known to or appreciated by a person skilled in the art can be used to deliver the pesticide composition/formulation disclosed in the present disclosure to serve the intended purpose.
[00071] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a solid pesticide formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation includes: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 80% to 98% by weight of the formulation; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the formulation; Camphor in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of the formulation; a Pyrethroid compound in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 1.0% by weight of the formulation; and rest being an excipient. In an embodiment, the excipient is selected from any or a combination of a perfume, a preservative, an adhesive, a smoldering agent, a burning aid, a binder, a filler, a burnable base, a propellant, a solvent, a wetting agent, a solubilizer, a hardening agent, an emulsifier, a diluent, a lubricant, a colouring agent, a lower alcohol, and a neutralization base.
[00072] In an embodiment, the solid formulation(s) includes a powder, a dust, a chalk, granules, pellets, a burning paper, a coil, a stick, a joss stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a crack and service filler, and a self-ignite formulation.
[00073] In an embodiment, the solid formulation is a powder formulation.
[00074] In an embodiment, the powder formulation includes: Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 80% to 98% by weight of the formulation; Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the formulation; Camphor in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of the formulation; a Pyrethroid compound in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 1.0% by weight of the formulation; and rest being an excipient.
[00075] Areca catechu is a perennial, woody species of palm which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa. It is commonly known as areca palm, betel palm, betel nut palm, Indian nut and catechu. It is popular for chewing throughout some Asian countries.
[00076] Pogostemon cablin is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, commonly called the mint or deadnettle family. The plant grows as a bushy perennial herb, with erect stems reaching up to 75 centimetres (2.5 ft) in height and bearing small, pale pink-white flowers. It is commonly known as Patchouli. It is native to the island region of Southeast Asia, including Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It is also found in many parts of North East India.
[00077] In accordance with an embodiment, the composition of the present disclosure is realized by using extracts or oils or any plant part thereof commercially procured from following manufacturers:
Sr. No. INGREDIENTS MANUFACTURER
1 Areca catechu
(Common name: Supari)
Alibaug Taluka Naral Supari Prakriya Sahakari Sanstha Limited. At/Post: Nagaon, Taluk: Alibaug, Dist.: Raigad, Maharashtra, India.
2 Pogostemon cablin
(Common name: Patchouli) Jl. Raya Wanaherang No.16, RT.4/RW.4, Cicadas, Kec. Gn. Putri, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat 16964, Indonesia

[00078] In an embodiment, the compositions and formulations of the present disclosure can be manufactured by any conventional method, known to or appreciated by a person skilled in the art working in the pertinent field to serve the intended purpose.
[00079] The ingredients of the composition of the present disclosure exhibit functional reciprocity therebetween, and accordingly aid in repelling, killing, preventing, and/or reducing the population of indoor as well as outdoor pests. Compositions/formulations of the present disclosure also exhibit superior storage stability. The inventors of the present disclosure realized that the presence of camphor in the compositions and formulations plays a very crucial role in achieving control over indoor as well as outdoor pests as camphor exhibits strong functional reciprocity and synergism with the other active ingredients of the present compositions/formulations.
[00080] The composition of the present disclosure also provides a pleasant aroma by releasing different fragrances to give an aromatherapy effect while knocking down harmful pests. The composition is safe and free of ill effects such as irritation, allergy, uneasiness, reduction in oxygen content, etc.

EXAMPLES
[00081] EXAMPLE 1
[00082] A STICK FORMULATION OF ARECA CATECHU
TABLE 1: A Stick formulation of Areca catechu
Sr. No. Ingredients Role in formulation Amount in wt. %
1 Areca catechu Pesticide 80
2 Guar gum Binder 3
3 Saw dust powder Filler/Burnable material 7.7
4 Lemony Perfume Fragrance 1
5 Sodium benzoate Preservative 0.3
6 Potassium nitrate Smoldering agent 8
Total 100

[00083] All the ingredients were weighed accurately as per Table 1 above, wherein potassium nitrate and sodium benzoate were dissolved in water, and mixed with a mixture of Areca catechu, Guar gum, and sawdust powder to obtain a dough. The dough is shaped in a dhoop stick form, and dried by air drying (a conventional technique). Finally, the lemony perfume was loaded onto the dried dhoop stick to obtain the final stick formulation of Areca catechu which was used for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.

[00084] A STICK FORMULATION OF POGOSTEMON CABLIN
TABLE 2: A Stick formulation of Pogostemon cablin
Sr. No. Ingredients Role in formulation Amount in wt. %
1 Pogostemon cablin Pesticide 12.5
2 Isopropyl alcohol Solvent 76.5
4 Lemony Perfume Fragrance 1
5 Sodium benzoate Preservative 0.3
6 Potassium nitrate Smoldering agent 9.70
Total 100

[00085] All the ingredients were weighed accurately as per Table 2 above, wherein Pogostemon cablin and sodium benzoate were dissolved in Isopropyl alcohol to obtain a liquid mixture, and the said mixture was loaded onto a potassium nitrate pre-treated paper. Finally, the lemony perfume was loaded onto the above paper and rolled in the form of a hollow stick (a self-igniting combustible stick) to obtain the final stick formulation of Pogostemon cablin which was used for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.

[00086] A STICK FORMULATION OF CAMPHOR
TABLE 3: A Stick formulation of Camphor
Sr. No. Ingredients Role in formulation Amount in wt. %
1 Camphor Pesticide 12.5
2 Isopropyl alcohol Solvent 78.2
4 Lemony Perfume Fragrance 1
5 Sodium benzoate Preservative 0.3
6 Potassium nitrate Smoldering agent 8
Total 100

[00087] All the ingredients were weighed accurately as per Table 3 above, wherein Camphor and sodium benzoate were dissolved in Isopropyl alcohol to obtain a liquid mixture, and the said mixture was loaded onto a potassium nitrate pre-treated paper. Finally, the lemony perfume was loaded onto the above paper and rolled in the form of a hollow stick (a self-igniting combustible stick) to obtain the final stick formulation of Camphor which was used for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.

[00088] A STICK FORMULATION OF TRANSFLUTHRIN COMPOUND
TABLE 4: A Stick formulation of Transfluthrin compound
Sr. No. Ingredients Role in formulation Amount in wt. %
1 Transfluthrin Pesticide 1.3
2 Isopropyl alcohol Solvent 89.4
4 Lemony Perfume Fragrance 1
5 Sodium benzoate Preservative 0.3
6 Potassium nitrate Smoldering agent 8
Total 100

[00089] All the ingredients were weighed accurately as per Table 4 above, wherein Transfluthrin and sodium benzoate were dissolved in Isopropyl alcohol to obtain a liquid mixture, and the said mixture was loaded onto a potassium nitrate pre-treated paper. Finally, the lemony perfume was loaded onto the potassium nitrate pre-treated paper and rolled in the form of a hollow stick (a self-igniting combustible stick) to obtain the final stick formulation of Transfluthrin which was used for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.

[00090] A STICK FORMULATION OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
TABLE 5: A Stick formulation comprising Areca catechu, Pogostemon cablin, Camphor, and Transfluthrin
Sr. No. Ingredients Role in formulation Formulation 1 Formulation 2
(amount in wt. %)
1 Areca catechu Pesticide 80.00 80.00
2 Pogostemon cablin
(leaf essential oil) Pesticide 1.22 1.22
3 Camphor Pesticide 1.22 1.22
4 Transfluthrin Pesticide 0.12 0.07
5 Isopropyl alcohol Solvent 8.08 8.13
6 Lemony Perfume Fragrance 1.00 1.00
7 Sodium benzoate Preservative 0.32 0.32
8 Potassium nitrate Smoldering agent 8.04 8.04
Total 100 100

[00091] All the ingredients were weighed accurately as per Table 5 above, wherein Areca catechu, Pogostemon cablin, Camphor, Transfluthrin, and sodium benzoate were dissolved in Isopropyl alcohol to obtain a liquid mixture, and the said mixture was loaded onto a potassium nitrate pre-treated paper. Finally, the lemony perfume was loaded onto the above paper and rolled in the form of a hollow stick (a self-igniting combustible stick) to obtain the final stick formulation of Areca catechu, Pogostemon cablin, Camphor, and Transfluthrin which was used for controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.

[00092] EFFICACY STUDY - SYNERGISTIC ACTIVITY OF THE STICK FORMULATION
[00093] The Stick Formulation 1 realized in Table 5 above vis-à-vis the Stick formulations of the individual active ingredient(s) viz, (Areca catechu, Pogostemon cablin, Camphor, and Transfluthrin) (prepared in Tables 1-4) were subjected to efficacy studies, particularly, mosquitocidal activity. The mosquitocidal activity was determined by using a Peet Grady Chamber (having its size/volume ~5.83m3) and in a Room having a size/volume of ~30m3. During experimentation, the holes, door, and small window, all were in closed condition. For consistency and reproducibility of results, the environmental conditions viz. temperature of 27±3°C and Relative Humidity of about 50-80% were maintained. Before evaluating the mosquitocidal activity of Formulation 1 vis-à-vis stick formulations of the individual active ingredients, the Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were first introduced into the chamber/room, and de-contamination checks were performed for the first ½ hour. If no knockdown of mosquito(es) was seen, then a fresh lot (100 nos.) of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes (Male and Female mosquitoes in a ratio of 1:1) was introduced, and a single stick of Formulation 1 or a single stick formulation of the individual active ingredients was burned in the Peet Grady chamber, and the experiments were conducted respectively. The same process was followed for evaluation in a room except for the number of sticks i.e., about 5 sticks of Formulation 1 and 5 sticks of formulation of the individual active ingredients were burned in the room to provide continuous smoke of the formulations during the respective experiment. The knockdown of insects was observed every 5 minutes for about 60 minutes. Thereafter, the knocked-down mosquitoes were transferred to a clean container with food of 10% sucrose contained in a cotton swab. The mortality readings were noted after 24 hours. Observations were interpreted in Knock-down times, KT50 and KT90 [KT50 is the time (in minutes) needed to knock down 50% of the mosquito population used for an experiment, and KT90 is the time (in minutes) needed to knock down 90% of the mosquito population used for an experiment] and it is determined by the Probit analysis software. Percent mortality was calculated after 24 hours.
Table 6: Comparison of the mosquitocidal activity of stick Formulation 1 vis-à-vis stick formulations of the individual active ingredient(s)
Sr. No. Item Bio-efficacy in Peet Grady Chamber
(One stick was burnt) Bio-efficacy in Room
(Five sticks were burnt for Continuous smoke)
KT50
(in min) KT90
(in min) KT50
(in min) KT90
(in min)
1 Stick formulation of Areca catechu
(Table 1) 83 156 89 189
2 Stick formulation of Pogostemon cablin
(Table 2) 32 64 39 73
3 Stick formulation of Camphor
(Table 3) 57 123 62 136
4 Stick formulation of Transfluthrin
(Table 4) 16 31 24 45
5 Formulation 1
(Table 5) 9 19 15 32
6 Formulation 2
(Table 6) 13 27 19 37

[00094] As can be seen in Table 6 above, the formulations of the present disclosure (Table 5) afford improved control of mosquitoes (pests) as compared to the formulations of the individual active ingredients (prepared in Tables 1 to 4), and that too at a very low concentration of each pesticide agent. Accordingly, it could be concluded that the composition/ formulation of the present disclosure, exhibits a synergistic effect (functional reciprocity) and offers significant improvement in controlling various indoor and outdoor pests as compared to the compositions/ formulations of the individual active ingredient(s).

ADVANTAGES
[00095] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation that overcomes the limitations associated with conventional compositions/formulations.
[00096] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation for repelling and/or reducing and/or controlling various indoor and outdoor pests.
[00097] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation for repelling and/or reducing and/or controlling the population of mosquitoes.
[00098] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation that exhibits high repellence and pesticidal activity.
[00099] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation that is safe and free of side-effects such as irritation, allergy, uneasiness, reduction in oxygen content, etc.
[000100] The present disclosure provides a pesticide composition/formulation that exhibits synergistic activity /functional reciprocity, economical and easy to prepare.
, Claims:1. A pesticide composition for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said composition comprises:
Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 80% to 98% by weight of the composition;
Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the composition;
Camphor in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of the composition;
a Pyrethroid compound in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 1.0% by weight of the composition; and
rest being an excipient.
2. The Composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Pyrethroid compound is selected from any or a combination of Allethrins, Bifenthrin, Cyfluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin, Deltamethrin, Dimefluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Flumethrin, Imiprothrin, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Metofluthrin, Pyrethrins, Permethrin, Phenothrin, Prallethrin, Resmethrin, Sumithrin (D-Phenothrin), Silafluofen, Tau-Fluvalinate, Tetramethrin, Tefluthrin, Tralomethrin, and Transfluthrin.
3. The Composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excipient is selected from any or a combination of a perfume, a preservative, an adhesive, a smoldering agent, a burning aid, a binder, a filler, a burnable base, a propellant, a solvent, a wetting agent, a solubilizer, a hardening agent, an emulsifier, a diluent, a lubricant, a colouring agent, a lower alcohol, and a neutralization base.
4. The Composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is formulated into a solid form, a gel, or a gaseous form.
5. The Composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the composition is formulated into a powder, a dust, a chalk, granules, pellets, a burning paper, a coil, a stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a crack and service filler, and a self-ignite formulation.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the indoor and outdoor pests are selected from the group consisting of arthropods such as insects, arachnids, centipedes, mosquitoes, houseflies, drain flies, Vespa spp. (Hornet), cockroaches, ants, bedbugs, spiders, mites, aphids, thrips, whiteflies, loopers, worms, beetles, leafrollers, moths, weevils including larvae, and eggs thereof.
7. A solid pesticide formulation for controlling indoor and outdoor pests, said formulation comprises:
Areca catechu in an amount ranging from 80% to 98% by weight of the formulation;
Pogostemon cablin in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the formulation;
Camphor in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of the formulation;
a Pyrethroid compound in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 1.0% by weight of the formulation; and
rest being an excipient.
8. The formulation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the Pyrethroid compound is selected from any or a combination of Allethrins, Bifenthrin, Cyfluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin, Deltamethrin, Dimefluthrin, Esfenvalerate, Etofenprox, Fenpropathrin, Fenvalerate, Flucythrinate, Flumethrin, Imiprothrin, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, Metofluthrin, Pyrethrins, Permethrin, Phenothrin, Prallethrin, Resmethrin, Sumithrin (D-Phenothrin), Silafluofen, Tau-Fluvalinate, Tetramethrin, Tefluthrin, Tralomethrin, and Transfluthrin.

9. The solid formulation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the solid formulation comprises a granule, a paste, a powder, a dust, a wax, pellets, a burning paper, a coil, a stick, pellets, a bait, cordages, a candle, a sealing agent, a caulk, a patch, a bait, a mat, a filler, a wood filler, a crack and service filler, and a self-ignite formulation.