DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION:

The present invention relates to novel synergistic pesticidal composition of bioactive amounts of A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide and C) a fungicide wherein at least one insecticide is selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim and at least one fungicide is selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole. The present invention also relates to process for preparing the said synergistic composition comprising bioactive amounts of Pymetrozine, an insecticide and a fungicide with one or more inactive excipients.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Pymetrozine was first disclosed in US4931439 and US4996325.Pymetrozine is chemically known as (E)-4,5-dihydro-6-methyl-4-(3-pyridylmethyleneamino)-1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-one and having chemical structure as below;

The mode of action of pymetrozine in insects has not been precisely determined biochemically, but it may involve effects on neuroregulation or nerve-muscle interaction. Physiologically, it appears to act by preventing these insects from inserting their stylus in to the plant tissue.

Pymetrozine is selective against Homoptera, causing them to stop feeding. Pymetrozine is used in control of aphids and whitefly in vegetables, potatoes, ornamentals, cotton, deciduous and citrus fruit, tobacco, hops; both juvenile and adult stages are susceptible and also control plant hoppers in rice. Pymetrozine application rates vary from 150 g/ha on potatoes to 200-300 g/ha on ornamentals, tobacco and cotton; 10-30 g/hl on vegetables, fruit and hops. Pymetrozine is available in market with DP; GR; WP; WG formulation.

The main concern with the use of pesticide is the development of resistance by the pests for that particular pesticide and at the end one has to apply more concentrated formulation of the pesticide. The high amount of pesticide may results in the toxicity to human beings as well as has bad effect on environment.

Previously people have tried many alternatives and option to overcome this problem and as a result developed poly mixture of pesticide, use of non-toxic ingredients and developing novel formulations which provides effective amount of the pesticide and at the required part only.

However the use of poly mixture containing large number of pesticides poses a problem in many was like preparing formulation of multiple pesticides with different chemical properties and behavior and physical properties. It also creates challenge for formulator in term of compatibility and stability of all the pesticide along with used excipients in the formulation.

CN 102388906 discloses a high-efficiency and low-toxicity compound insecticide which consists of clothianidin and pymetrozine and is particularly used for application research on controlling rice plant hopper.

CN 103766379 discloses a pesticide composition containing the effective components comprise clothianidin and thifluzamide. The pesticide composition is mainly used for preventing and treating rice sheath blight disease and rice stem borer.

CN 101569312 discloses composition for preventing and treating rice plant hopper, relating to biodiesel cream and suspending agent containing pymetrozine and thiamethoxam.

CN 103109843 discloses insecticidal disease-preventing suspended seed coating containing thiamethoxam, thifluzamide and/or benzene kresoxim-methyl.
CN 103651505 discloses a pesticide compound, and particularly relates to a compound insecticide comprising imidacloprid and pymetrozine.

CN 102246766 discloses an insecticidal composition containing flonicamid and pymetrozine. The insecticidal composition formed by the binary mixing of the flonicamid and pymetrozine which serve as active ingredients.

However still there is a need for a composition of specific pesticide which overcomes some of the existing problems and can be prepared easily without much complex manufacturing process.

However, the biological properties of these mixtures of known compounds are not completely satisfactory in the field of pest control.

In general use, the pesticide actives are used in the form of a dilute aqueous composition because it can attain a good interaction with the target organism, such as plants, fungi and insects. However, most active pesticide compounds that are used as pesticides are only sparingly or even insoluble in water. The low solubility of such compounds present the challenges and difficulties to formulator in formulating pesticide compounds in stable formulations that can be easily stored for a long time and which still have a high stability and effective activity until end use.

For the reasons mentioned above there does a need to provide further formulation of combinations comprising A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide and C) a fungicide having synergistic pest control properties. This object is achieved according to the invention by providing the present formulation.

Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the novel synergistic composition of A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide and C) a fungicide wherein at least one insecticide is selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim and at least one fungicide is selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole as described herein in can provide solution to the above mentioned problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, in a first aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic pesticidal composition of bioactive amounts of A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim C) a fungicide selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole and one or more inactive excipient.

Accordingly, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing the pesticidal composition which also relates to process for preparing the synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide and C) a fungicide with one or more inactive excipients.

Accordingly, in a third aspect, the present invention provides a method of protecting a plant propagation material, a plant, parts of a plant and/or plant organs that grow at a later point in time against pathogenic damage or pest damage by applying to the plant propagation material a composition comprising a formulated mixture defined in the first aspect.

Accordingly, in a fourth aspect the said composition is to be developed in suitable formulations selected from wettable powder (WP), water Dispersible Granuels (WDG), Flowable Slurry (FS) / Flowable Suspension (FS) / Suspension Concentrate (SC), Water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS), ZC (A mixed formulation of CS (Aqueous capsule suspensions) and SC (Aqueous suspension concentrates)), ZE (A mixed heterogeneous formulation of CS (Aqueous capsule suspensions) and SE (Aqueous suspo-emulsions)) and ZW (A mixed heterogeneous formulation CS (Aqueous capsule suspensions) and EW (Emulsions, oil-in-water)).

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a pesticidal composition comprising A) 1-30% w/w of Pymetrozine B) 1-20% w/w of an insecticide and C) 1-50% w/w of a fungicide wherein at least one insecticide is selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim and at least one fungicide is selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides synergistic pesticidal composition comprising bioactive amounts of A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide and C) a fungicide wherein at least one insecticide is selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim and at least one fungicide is selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole with one or more inactive excipients.

"Bioactive amounts” as mentioned herein means that amount which, when applied treatment of crops, is sufficient to effect such treatment.

The term formulation and composition as used herein conveys the same meaning and can be used interchangeably.

The synergistic pesticidal composition of present invention is to be developed in suitable formulations selected from wettable powder (WP), water Dispersible Granules (WDG), Flowable Slurry (FS) / Flowable Suspension (FS) / Suspension Concentrate (SC), Water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS), ZC (A mixed formulation of CS and SC), ZE (A mixed heterogeneous formulation of CS and SE) and ZW (A mixed heterogeneous formulation CS and EW).

One or more of the active ingredients is encapsulated for various purposes, such as to increase the residual biological activity, or to reduce the acute toxicity, or to obtain a physical or chemically stable water-based formulation. The purpose determines whether the “free” active ingredient and the “release rate” are relevant properties of a specific product.

Synergistic pesticidal composition of A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide and C) a fungicide wherein at least one insecticide is selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim and at least one fungicide is selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole is having concentration range as mentioned below;

% of components varies from
Active 1 Active 2 Active 3
Pymetrozine Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad
Triflumezopyrim Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole Tricyclazole
1 to 30% 1 to 20% 1 to 50%

The pesticidal composition of present invention is effective for management of Insect-pests and fungal diseases in Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Maize (Zea mays), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Mustard (Brassica juncea), Green gram (Vigna radiate), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Mango (Mangifera indica), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Tea (Camellia sinensis), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum).

The pesticidal composition of the present invention can be used to control the insects-pests as mentioned below;

insects from the order of the Lepidoptera, for example Agrotis ypsilon, Alabama argillacea, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Cacoecia murinana, Capua reticulana, Chilo partellus, Chilo suppressalis, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura occidentalis, Cirphis unipuncta, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Cydia pomonella, Diatraea saccharalis, Dendrolimus pini, Diaphania nitidalis, Earias vittella, Earias insulana, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eupoecilia ambiguella, Evetria bou-liana, Exelastis atomosa, Feltia subterranea, Galleria mellonella, Grapholitha funebrana, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa virescens, Helicoverpa zea, Hellula undalis, Hibernia defoliaria, Hyphantria cunea, Hyponomeuta malinellus, Keiferia lycopersicella, Laphygma exigua, Leucinodes orbonalis, Leucoptera coffeella, Leucoptera scitella, Lithocol-letis blancardella, Lobesia botrana, Loxostege sticticalis, Lymantria dispar, Lymantria monacha, Lyonetia clerkella, Malacosoma neustria, Mamestra brassicae, Marasmia pantalis, Maruca vitrata, Maruca testulalis, Mythimna separata, Orgyia pseu-dotsugata, Ostrinia nubilalis, Panolis flammea, Pectinophora gossypiella, Peridroma saucia, Phalera bucephala, Phthorimaea operculella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris bras-sicae, Plathypena scabra, Plutella xylostella, Pseudoplusia includens, Rhyacionia frus-trana, Scirpophaga incertulas, Scirpophaga innotata, Scrobipalpula absoluta, Sesamia inferens, Sitotroga cerealella, Sparganothis pilleriana, Spilosoma obliqua, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Thaumatopoea pityocampa, Tortrix viridana, Trichoplusia ni, Tuta absolutaand Zeiraphera Canadensis.

beetles (Coleoptera), for example Adoretus bicolor, Agrilus sinuatus, Agriotes lineatus, Agriotes obscu-rus, Amphimallus solstitialis, Anisandrus dispar, Anthonomus grandis, Anthonomus pomorum, Anomala benghalensis, Aphthona euphoridae, Apogonia aerea, Athous haemorrhoidalis, Atomaria linearis, Blasto-phagus piniperda, Blitophaga undata, Bruchus rufimanus, Bruchus pisorum, Bruchus lentis, Byctiscus betulae, Cassida nebulosa, Cerotoma trifurcata, Cetonia aurata, Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis, Ceuthorrhynchus napi, Chaetocnema tibialis, Chiloloba acuta, Conoderus vespertinus, Crioceris asparagi, Ctenicera ssp., Diabrotica longicornis, Diabrotica semipunctata, Diabrotica punctata, Diabrotica speciosa, Diabrotica virgifera, Dicladispa armigera, Epila-chna varivestis, Epitrix hirtipennis, Eutinobothrus brasiliensis, Holotrichia bicolor, Holotrichia consanguinea, Holotrichia serrata, Hylobius abietis, Hypera brunneipennis, Hypera postica, Ips typographus, Lema bilineata, Lema melanopus, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Lepidiota stigma, Limonius califomicus, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Maladera indica, Melanotus communis, Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha hippocastani, Melolontha melolontha, Oberea brevis, Oulema oryzae, Ortiorrhynchus sulcatus, Otiorrhynchus ovatus, Phaedon cochleariae, Phyllobius pyri, Phyllotreta chrysocephala, Phyllophaga sp., Phyllopertha horticola, Phyllotreta nemorum, Phyllotreta striolata, Popillia japonica, Sitona lineatus and Sito-philus gran aria, flies, mosquitoes (Diptera), e.g. Atherigona orientalis, Calliphora vicina, Ceratitis capitata, Chrysomya bezziana, Chrysomya hominivorax, Chrysomya macellaria, Chrysops discalis, Chrysops silacea, Chrysops atlanticus, Cochliomyia hominivorax, Contarinia sorghicola Cordylobia anthropophaga, Culicoides furens, Culiseta inornata, Culiseta melanura, Dacus cucurbi-tae, Dacus oleae, Dasineura brassicae, Delia antique, Delia coarctata, Delia platura, Delia radicum, Dermatobia hominis, Fannia canicularis, Geomyza Tripunctata, Gaster-ophilus intestinalis, Glossina morsitans, Glossina palpalis, Glossina fuscipes, Glossina tachinoides, Haematobia irritans, Haplodiplosis equestris, Hippelates spp., Hylemyia platura, Hypoderma lineata, Leptoconops torrens, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza trifolii, Lucilia caprina, Lucilia cuprina, Lucilia sericata, Lycoria pectoralis, Mansonia titillanus, Mayetiola destructor, Melanagromyza obtuse, Muscina stabulans, Oestrus ovis, Ophiomyia phaseli, Opomyza florum, Orseolia oryzae, Oscinella frit, Pegomya hysocyami, Phorbia antiqua, Phorbia brassicae, Phor-bia coarctata, Phlebotomus argentipes, Psorophora columbiae, Psila rosae, Psoro-phora discolor, Prosimulium mixtum, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhagoletis pomonella, Sar-cophaga haemorrhoidalis, Sarcophaga sp., Simulium vittatum, Stomoxys calcitrans, Tabanus bovinus, Tabanus atratus, Tabanus lineola, and Tabanus similis, Tipula ol-eracea, and Tipula paludosa, thrips (Thysanoptera), e.g. Dichromothrips corbetti, Dichromothrips ssp , Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella tritici, Scirtothrips citri, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips oryzae, Thrips palmi and Thrips tabaci, termites (Isoptera), e.g. Calotermes flavicollis, Coptotermes formosanus, Heterotermes aureus, Leucotermes flavipes, Microtermes obesi, Odontotermes obesus, Reticulitermes flavipes, Termes natalensis. cockroaches (Blattaria - Blattodea), e.g. Blattella germanica, Penplaneta americana, Periplaneta japonica and Blatta orientalis, true bugs (Hemiptera), e.g. Acrosternum hilare, Acyrtho-siphon pisum, Acyrthosiphon onobrychis, Adelges laricis, Amrasca biguttula biguttula, Amrasca devastans, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aphidula nasturtii, Aphis fabae, Aphis forbesi, Aphis pomi, Aphis gossypii, Aphis crassivora, Aphis grossulariae, Aphis schneideri, Aphis spiraecola, Aphis sambuci, Aulacorthum solani, Bemisia argentifolii, Bemisia tabaci, Brachycaudus cardui, Brachy-caudus helichrysi, Brachycaudus persicae, Brachycaudus prunicola, Brevicoryne brassicae, Capitophorus horni, Cerosipha gossypii, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Cicadulina spp., Clavigralla gibbosa, Cryptomyzus ribis, Dreyfusia nordmannianae, Dreyfusia piceae, Dysdercus cingulatus, Dysaphis radicola, Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani, Dysaphis plantaginea, Dysaphis pyri, Empoasca fabae, Hyalopterus pruni, Hyperomyzus lactucae, Idioscopus spp. Leptoglossus phyllopus, Leptocorisa acuta, Lygus lineolaris, Lygus pratensis, Macrosiphum avenae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Ma-crosiphon rosae, Megoura viciae, Melanaphis pyrarius, Metopolophium dirhodum, My-zus persicae, Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus cerasi, Myzus varians, Nezara viridula, Nasonovia ribis-nigri, Nilaparvata lugens, Nephotettix virescens, Nephotettix nigropictus, Pemphigus bursarius, Perkinsiella saccharicida, Peregrinus maidis, Phorodon humuli, Planococcus spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pyrilla perpusilla, Psylla mail, Psylla piri, Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosi-phum padi, Rhopalosiphum insertum, Sappaphis mala, Sappaphis mail, Schizaphis graminum, Schizoneura lanuginosa, Sitobion avenae, Sogatella furcifera, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Toxoptera aurantiia, Psylla spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Sitobion spp., ants, bees, wasps, sawflies (Hymenoptera), e.g. Athalia rosae, Atta cephalotes, Atta capiguara, Atta cephalotes, Atta laevigata, Atta robusta, Atta sexdens, Atta texana, Crematogaster spp., Hoplocampa minuta, Hoplocampa testudinea, Monomorium pha-raonis, Solenopsis geminata, Solenopsis invicta, Solenopsis richteri, Solenopsis xyloni, Pogonomyrmex barbatus, Pogonomyrmex californicus, Pheidole megacephala, Dasy-mutilla occidentalis, Bombus spp. Vespula squamosa, Paravespula vulgaris, Paraves-pula pennsylvanica, Paravespula germanica, Dolichovespula maculata, Vespa crabro, Polistes rubiginosa, Camponotus floridanus, and Linepithema humile, crickets, grasshoppers, locusts (Orthoptera), e.g. Acheta domestica, Gryllotalpa gryllo-talpa, Locusta migratoria, Melanoplus bivittatus, Melanoplus femurrubrum, Melanoplus mexicanus, Melanoplus sanguinipes, Melanoplus spretus, Nomadacris septemfasciata, Schistocerca americana, Schistocerca gregaria, Dociostaurus maroccanus, Tachycines asynamorus, Oedaleus senegalensis, Zonozerus variegatus, Hieroglyphus daganensis, Kraussaria angulifera, Calliptamus italicus, Chortoicetes terminifera, and Locustana pardalina, Arachnoidea, such as arachnids (Acarina), e.g. of the families Argasidae, Ixodidae and Sarcoptidae, such as Amblyomma americanum, Amblyomma variegatum, Ambryomma maculatum, Argas persicus, Boophilus annulatus, Boophilus decoloratus, Boophilus microplus, Dermacentor silvarum, Dermacentor andersoni, Dermacentor variabilis, Hyalomma truncatum, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes rubicundus, Ixodes scapularis, Ixodes holocyclus, Ixodes pacificus, Ornithodorus moubata, Ornithodorus hermsi, Ornithodo-rus turicata, Ornithonyssus bacoti, Otobius megnini, Dermanyssus gallinae, Psoroptes ovis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi, Sarcoptes scabiei, and Eriophyidae spp. such as Aculus schlechtendali, Phyllocoptrata oleivora and Eriophyes sheldoni; Tarsonemidae spp. such as Phytonemus pallidus and Polyphagotarsonemus latus; Tenuipalpidae spp. such as Brevipalpus phoenicis; Tetra-nychidae spp. such as Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus kanzawai, Tetranychus pacificus, Tetranychus telarius and Tetranychus urticae, Panonychus ulmi, Panony-chus citri, and Oligonychus pratensis; Araneida, e.g. Latrodectus mactans, and Loxos-celes reclusa, fleas (Siphonaptera), e.g. Ctenocephalides felis, Ctenocephalides canis, Xenopsylla cheopis, Pulex irritans, Tunga penetrans, and Nosopsyllus fasciatus, silverfish, firebrat (Thysanura), e.g. Lepisma saccharina and Thermobia domestica, centipedes (Chilopoda), e.g. Scutigera coleoptrata, millipedes (Diplopoda), e.g. Narceus spp., Earwigs (DermapteraJ, e.g. forficula auricularia, lice (Phthiraptera), e.g. Pediculus humanus capitis, Pediculus humanus corporis, Pthi-rus pubis, Haematopinus eurystemus, Haematopinus suis, Linognathus vituli, Bovicola bovis, Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus and Solenopotes capillatus,
plant parasitic nematodes such as root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloi-dogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne exigua, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica and other Meloidogyne species; cyst nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis, Globodera pallida, Globodera tabacum and other Globodera species, Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodera trifolii, and other Heterodera species; seed gall nematodes, Anguina funesta, Anguina tritici and other Anguina species; stem and foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides besseyi, Aphelen-choides fragariae, Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi and other Aphelenchoides species; sting nematodes, Belonolaimus longicaudatus and other Belonolaimus species; pine nematodes, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other Bursaphelenchus species; ring ne-matodes, Criconema species, Criconemella species, Criconemoides species, and Me-socriconema species; stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus destructor, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Ditylenchus myceliophagus and other Ditylenchus species; awl nematodes, Dolichodorus species; spiral nematodes, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Helicotylenchus multicinctus and other Helicotylenchus species, Rotylenchus robustus and other Roty-lenchus species; sheath nematodes, Hemicycliophora species and Hemicriconemoides species; Hirshmanniella species; lance nematodes, Hoplolaimus columbus, Hoplolai-mus galeatus and other Hoplolaimus species; false root-knot nematodes, Nacobbus aberrans and other Nacobbus species; needle nematodes, Longidorus elongates and other Longidorus species; pin nematodes, Paratylenchus species; lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus brachyurus, Pratylenchus coffeae, Pratylenchus curvitatus, Pratylenchus goodeyi, Pratylencus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus scribneri, Pratylenchus vulnus, Pratylenchus zeae and other Pratylenchus species; Radinaphelenchus cocophilus and other Radinaphelenchus species; burrowing nematodes, Radopholus similis and other Radopholus species; reniform nematodes, Rotylenchulus reniformis and other Rotylenchulus species; Scutellonema species; stubby root nematodes, Tri-chodorus primitivus and other Trichodorus species; Paratrichodorus minor and other Paratrichodorus species; stunt nematodes, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, Tylenchorhyn-chus dubius and other Tylenchorhynchus species and Merlinius species; citrus nematodes, Tylenchulus semipenetrans and other Tylenchulus species; dagger nematodes, Xiphinema americanum, Xiphinema index, Xiphinema diversicaudatum and other Xi-phinema species; and other plant parasitic nematode species.

The pesticidal composition of the present invention can be applied to any and all developmental stages of pests, such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The pests may be controlled by contacting the target pest, its food supply, habitat, breeding ground or its locus with a pesticidally effective amount of the inventive mixtures or of compositions comprising the mixtures.

The compositions according to the invention have very good fungicidal properties and can be employed for controlling phytopathogenic fungi such as Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, Oomycetes, Plasmodiophoromycetes, Zygomycetes, and the like.

Examples which may be mentioned, but not by limitation, are some pathogens of fungal diseases which come under the above generic terms:
Diseases caused by pathogens causing powdery mildew such as, for example, Blumeria species such as, for example, Blumeria graminis; Podosphaera species such as, for example, Podosphaera leucotricha;
Sphaerotheca species such as, for example, Sphaerotheca fuliginea; Uncinula species such as, for example, Uncinula necator; Leveillula species such as, for example Leveillula taurica, Erysiphe species such as for example Erysiphe polygoni, diseases caused by pathogens of rust diseases such as, for example, Gymnosporangium species such as, for example, Gymnosporangium sabinae, Hemileia species such as, for example, Hemileia vastatrix; Phakopsora species such as, for example, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae; Puccinia species such as, for example, Puccinia graminis, Puccinia recondita or Puccinia triticina, Puccinia striiformis; Uromyces species such as, for example, Uromyces phaseoli; diseases caused by pathogens of smut diseases such as, for example, Sporisorium species such as , for example, Sporisorium scitamineum; Ustilago species such as, for example Ustilago maydis, Tilletia species such as for example Tilletia tritici, Ustilaginoidea species such as , for example Ustilaginoidea virens, diseases caused by pathogens of ergot diseases such as, for example Claviceps species, Claviceps purpurea; diseases caused by pathogens from the group of the Oomycetes such as, for example, Bremia species such as, for example, Bremia lactucae; Peronospora species such as, for example, Peronospora pisi or P. brassicae; Phytophthora species such as, for example, Phytophthora infestans; Plasmopara species such as, for example, Plasmopara viticola; Pseudoperonospora species such as, for example, Pseudoperonospora humuli or Pseudoperonospora cubensis; Pythium species such as, for example, Pythium ultimum; leaf spot diseases and leaf wilt caused by, for example, Alternaria species such as, for example, Alternaria solani; Cercospora species such as, for example, Cercospora beticola; Cladiosporum species such as, for example, Cladiosporium cucumerinum; Cochliobolus species such as, for example, Cochliobolus sativus (conidial form: Drechslera, syn: Helminthosporium);
Colletotrichum species such as, for example, Colletotrichum lindemuthanium; Cycloconium species such as, for example, Cycloconium oleaginum; Diaporthe species such as, for example, Diaporthe citri;
Elsinoe species such as, for example, Elsinoe fawcettii; Gloeosporium species such as, for example, Gloeosporium laeticolor; Glomerella species such as, for example, Glomerella cingulata; Guignardia species such as, for example, Guignardia bidwelli; Leptosphaeria species such as, for example, Leptosphaeria maculans; Magnaporthe species such as, for example, Magnaporthe grisea;
Mycosphaerella species such as, for example, Mycosphaerella graminicola; Phaeosphaeria species such as, for example, Phaeosphaeria nodorum; Pyrenophora species such as, for example, Pyrenophora teres;
Ramularia species such as, for example, Ramularia collo-cygni; Rhynchosporium species such as, for example, Rhynchosporium secalis; Septoria species such as, for example, Septoria apii;
Typhula species such as, for example, Typhula incarnata; Venturia species such as, for example, Venturia inaequalis; root and stalk diseases, caused by, for example, Corticium species such as, for example, Corticium graminearum; Fusarium species such as, for example, Fusarium oxysporum;
Gaeumannomyces species such as, for example, Gaeumannomyces graminis; Rhizoctonia species such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani; Tapesia species such as, for example, Tapesia acuformis;
Thielaviopsis species such as, for example, Thielaviopsis basicola; ear and panicle diseases (including maize cobs), caused by, for example, Alternaria species such as, for example, Alternaria spp.;
Aspergillus species such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species such as, for example, Cladosporium spp.; Claviceps species such as, for example, Claviceps purpurea;
Fusarium species such as, for example, Fusarium culmorum; Gibberella species such as, for example, Gibberella zeae; Monographella species such as, for example, Monographella nivalis;
diseases caused by smuts such as, for example, Sphacelotheca species such as, for example, Sphacelotheca reiliana; Tilletia species such as, for example, Tilletia caries; Urocystis species such as, for example, Urocystis occulta; Ustilago species such as, for example, Ustilago nuda;
fruit rot caused by, for example, Aspergillus species such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus;
Botrytis species such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea; Penicillium species such as, for example, Penicillium expansum; Sclerotinia species such as, for example, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum;
Verticilium species such as, for example, Verticilium alboatrum; seed- and soil-borne rots and wilts, and seedling diseases, caused by, for example, Fusarium species such as, for example, Fusarium culmorum;
Phytophthora species such as, for example, Phytophthora cactorum; Pythium species such as, for example, Pythium ultimum; Rhizoctonia species such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani;
Sclerotium species such as, for example, Sclerotium rolfsii; cankers, galls and witches' broom diseases, caused by, for example, Nectria species such as, for example, Nectria galligena; wilts caused by, for example, Monilinia species such as, for example, Monilinia laxa; deformations of leaves, flowers and fruits, caused by, for example, Taphrina species such as, for example, Taphrina deformans; degenerative diseases of woody species, caused by, for example, Esca species such as, for example, Phaemoniella clamydospora; flower and seed diseases, caused by, for example, Botrytis species such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea; diseases of plant tubers caused by, for example, Rhizoctonia species such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani; diseases caused by bacterial pathogens such as, for example, Xanthomonas species such as, for example, Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae; Pseudomonas species such as, for example, Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans; Erwinia species such as, for example, Erwinia amylovora; by preference, the following diseases of soya beans can be controlled: fungal diseases on leaves, stems, pods and seeds caused by, for example, alternaria leaf spot (Alternaria spec, atrans tenuissima), anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporoides dematium var. truncatum), brown spot (Septoria glycines), cercospora leaf spot and blight (Cercospora kikuchii), choanephora leaf blight (Choanephora infundibulifera trispora (Syn.)), dactuliophora leaf spot (Dactuliophora glycines), downy mildew (Peronospora manshurica), drechslera blight (Drechslera glycini), frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina), leptosphaerulina leaf spot (Leptosphaerulina trifolii), phyllostica leaf spot (Phyllosticta sojaecola), powdery mildew (Microsphaera diffusa), pyrenochaeta leaf spot (Pyrenochaeta glycines),
rhizoctonia aerial, foliage, and web blight (Rhizoctonia solani), rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi), scab
(Sphaceloma glycines), stemphylium leaf blight (Stemphylium botryosum), target spot (Corynespora cassiicola) fungal diseases on roots and the stem base caused by, for example, black root rot (Calonectria crotalariae), charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina), fusarium blight or wilt, root rot, and pod and collar rot (Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium orthoceras, Fusarium semitectum, Fusarium equiseti), mycoleptodiscus root rot (Mycoleptodiscus terrestris), neocosmospora (Neocosmopspora vasinfecta), pod and stem blight (Diaporthe phaseolorum), stem canker (Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora), phytophthora rot (Phytophthora megasperma), brown stem rot (Phialophora gregata), pythium rot (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregulare, Pythium debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum), rhizoctonia root rot, stem decay, and damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani), sclerotinia stem decay (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), sclerotinia southern blight (Sclerotinia rolfsii), thielaviopsis root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola).
Diseases of Rice : Aggregate sheath spot Ceratobasidium oryzae (anamorph: Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae), Black kernel Curvularia lunata, Blast (leaf, neck [rotten neck], nodal and collar) Pyricularia grisea=P.oryzae,Brown spot Cochliobolus miyabeanus (anamorph: Bipolaris oryzae),Crown sheath rot Gaeumannomyces graminis,Downy mildew Sclerophthora macrospora, Eyespot Drechslera gigantean,False smut Ustilaginoidea virens,Kernel smut Tilletia barclayana =Neovossia horrid, Leaf smut Entyloma oryzae, Leaf scald Microdochium oryzae, Narrow brown leaf spot Cercospora janseana, Pecky rice (kernel spotting) Damage by many fungi including Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Curvularia spp., Fusarium spp., Microdochium oryzae, Sarocladium oryzae, Root rots Fusarium spp., Pythium spp., P. dissotocum, P. spinosum,Seedling blight Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Curvularia spp., Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii,Sheath blight Thanatephorus cucumeris (anamorph: Rhizoctonia solani), Sheath rot Sarocladium oryzae = Acrocylindrium oryzae, Sheath spot Rhizoctonia oryzae, Stackburn (Alternaria leaf spot) Alternaria padwickii, Stem rot Magnaporthe salvinii= Sclerotium oryzae, Water-mold (seed-rot and seedling disease) Achlya conspicua, A. klebsiana, Fusarium spp., Pythium spp., P. dissotocum, P. spinosum.

In a preferred embodiment, the synergistic pesticidal composition of present invention is effective against insect pest from the order of the Lepidoptera, for example Chilo partellus, Chilo suppressalis, Cydia pomonella, beetles (Coleoptera), for example Dicladispa armigera, Epila-chna varivestis, Phyllotreta nemorum, Phyllotreta striolata, flies (Diptera), e.g. Atherigona orientalis, Dacus cucurbi-tae, Dacus oleae, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza trifolii, Melanagromyza obtuse, Ophiomyia phaseli, thrips (Thysanoptera), e.g. Dichromothrips corbetti, Dichromothrips ssp , Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella tritici, Scirtothrips citri, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips oryzae, Thrips palmi and Thrips tabaci, true bugs (Hemiptera), e.g. Amrasca biguttula biguttula, Amrasca devastans, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aphis fabae, Aphis pomi, Aphis gossypii, Aphis crassivora, Bemisia argentifolii, Bemisia tabaci, Brevicoryne brassicae, Clavigralla gibbosa, Dysdercus cingulatus, Idioscopus spp., Leptocorisa acuta, Lygus lineolaris, Myzus persicae (Potato Aphid), Nilaparvata lugens (Brown Plant Hopper BPH), Nephotettix virescens, Nephotettix nigropictus, Planococcus spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pyrilla perpusilla, Psylla mail, Psylla piri, Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosi-phum padi, Rhopalosiphum insertum, Sappaphis mala, Sappaphis mail, Schizaphis graminum, Schizoneura lanuginosa, Sitobion avenae, Sogatella furcifera, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Toxoptera aurantiia, Psylla spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Sitobion spp., crickets, grasshoppers, locusts (Orthoptera), e.g. Gryllotalpa gryllo-talpa, Locusta migratoria, Melanoplus bivittatus, Locustana pardalina and fungus from Wheat diseases-Common bunt Tilletia tritici, Karnal bunt Neovossia indica, Leaf rust Puccinia triticina, Puccinia recondite, Loose smut Ustilago tritici, Powdery mildew Erysiphe graminis, Blumeria graminis, Scab/head blight Fusarium graminearum, Septoria blotch Septoria tritici, Rice diseases-Blast Pyricularia oryzae, Crown sheath rot Gaeumannomyces graminis, False smut Ustilaginoidea virens, Grain discoloration by Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Curvularia spp., Fusarium spp., Microdochium oryzae, Sarocladium oryzae, Sheath blight Rhizoctonia solani, Sheath rot Sarocladium oryzae, Corn diseases- Anthracnose leaf blight Colletotrichum graminicola, Aspergillus ear and kernel rot, Banded leaf and sheath spot Rhizoctonia solani, Soybean diseases-Alternaria leaf spot, Anthracnose Colletotrichum truncatum, Charcoal rot Macrophomina phaseolina, Frogeye leaf spot Cercospora sojina, Rust Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Peanut diseases- Early leaf spot Cercospora arachidicola, Late leafspot Cercosporidium personatum, Rust Puccinia arachidis, Cotton diseases- Anthracnose Glomerella.

The pesticidal compositions have very advantageous curative, preventive and systemic fungicidal properties for protecting cultivated plants. As has been mentioned, said active ingredient mixtures can be used to inhibit or destroy the pathogens that occur on plants or parts of plants (fruit, blossoms, leaves, stems, tubers, roots) of different crops or useful plants, while at the same time those parts of plants which grow later are also protected from attack by such pathogens. Active ingredient mixtures have the special advantage of being highly active against diseases in the soil that mostly occur in the early stages of plant development

The pesticidal composition of the present invention in addition to A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide and C) a fungicide further comprises inactive excipients including but not limited to dispersant, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, anti-microbial agent, thickener, quick coating agent or sticking agents (also referred to as “stickers” or “binders”) and buffering agent.

A dispersant is a substance which adsorbs onto the surface of particles and helps to preserve the state of dispersion of the particles and prevents them from re-aggregating. Dispersants are added to agrochemical compositions to facilitate dispersion and suspension during manufacture, and to ensure the particles re-disperse into water in a spray tank. They are widely used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water-dispersible granules. Surfactants that are used as dispersants have the ability to adsorb strongly onto a particle surface and provide a charged or steric barrier to re-aggregation of particles. The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, non-ionic, or mixtures of the two types. For wettable powder compositions, the most common dispersants are sodium lignosulphonates. For suspension concentrates, very good adsorption and stabilization are obtained using polyelectrolytes, such as sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates. Tristyrylphenolethoxylate phosphate esters are also used. Nonionics such as alkylarylethylene oxide condensates and EO-PO block copolymers are sometimes combined with anionics as dispersants for suspension concentrates. In recent years, new types of very high molecular weight polymeric surfactants have been developed as dispersants. These have very long hydrophobic ‘backbones’ and a large number of ethylene oxide chains forming the ‘teeth’ of a ‘comb’ surfactant. These high molecular weight polymers can give very good long-term stability to suspension concentrates because the hydrophobic backbones have many anchoring points onto the particle surfaces. Examples of dispersants used herein include but not limited to sodium lignosulphonates; sodium naphthalene sulphonate formaldehyde condensates; tristyrylphenolethoxylate phosphate esters; aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates; alky ethoxylates; EO-PO block copolymers; and graft copolymers or mixtures thereof.

Anti-freezing agent as used herein can be selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycols, methoxypolyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, polybutylene glycols, glycerin and ethylene glycol.

Water-based compositions often cause foam during mixing operations in production. In order to reduce the tendency to foam, anti-foam agents are often added either during the production stage or before filling into bottles. Generally, there are two types of anti-foam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous emulsions of dimethyl polysiloxane while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are water-insoluble oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface.

A wetting agent is a substance that when added to a liquid increases the spreading or penetration power of the liquid by reducing the interfacial tension between the liquid and the surface on which it is spreading. Wetting agents are used for two main functions in agrochemical compositions: during processing and manufacture to increase the rate of wetting of powders in water to make concentrates for soluble liquids or suspension concentrates; and during mixing of a product with water in a spray tank or other vessel to reduce the wetting time of wettable powders and to improve the penetration of water into water-dispersible granules. Examples of wetting agents used in wettable powder, suspension concentrate, and water-dispersible granule compositions include but not limited to sodium lauryl sulphate; sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate; alkyl phenol ethoxylates; and aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates or mixtures thereof.

Suspension aid in the present description denotes a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic material with which the active substance is combined in order to facilitate its application to the plant, to the seeds or to the soil. This carrier is hence generally inert, and it must be agriculturally acceptable, in particular to the plant being treated. The carrier may be solid (clays, natural or synthetic silicates, silica, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, and the like or mixtures thereof) or liquid (water, alcohols, ketones, petroleum fractions, aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, liquefied gases, and the like or mixtures thereof).

Biocides / Microorganisms cause spoilage of formulated products. Therefore anti-microbial agents are used to eliminate or reduce their effect. Examples of such agents include, but are not limited to: propionic acid and its sodium salt; sorbic acid and its sodium or potassium salts; benzoic acid and its sodium salt; p-hydroxy benzoic acid sodium salt; methyl p-hydroxy benzoate; and biocide such as sodium benzoate, 1,2-benzisothiazoline-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, potassium sorbate, parahydroxy benzoates or mixtures thereof.

Thickeners or gelling agents are used mainly in the composition of suspension concentrates, emulsions and suspoemulsions to modify the rheology or flow properties of the liquid and to prevent separation and settling of the dispersed particles or droplets. Thickening, gelling, and anti-settling agents generally fall into two categories, namely water-insoluble particulates and water-soluble polymers. It is possible to produce suspension concentrate compositions using clays and silicas. Examples of these types of materials, include, but are limited to, montmorillonite, e.g. bentonite; magnesium aluminum silicate; and attapulgite. Water-soluble polysaccharides have been used as thickening-gelling agents for many years. The types of polysaccharides most commonly used are natural extracts of seeds and seaweeds are synthetic derivatives of cellulose or mixtures thereof. Examples of these types of materials include, but are not limited to, guar gum; locust bean gum; carrageenam; xanthan gum; alginates; methyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC); hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) or mixtures thereof. Other types of anti-settling agents are based on modified starches, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene oxide or mixtures.

The quick coating agent can be a conventionally available sticker, for example polyesters, polyamides, poly- carbonates, polyurea and polyurethanes, acrylate polymers and copolymers, styrene copolymers, butadiene copolymers, polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose derivatives, vinylalcohol, vinylacetate and vinylpyrrolidone polymers and copolymers, polyethers, epoxy, phenolic and melamine resins, polyolefins and define copolymersand mixtures thereof. Examples of preferred polymers are acrylate polymers such as poly(methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate), acrylate copoylmers and styrene-acrylic copolymers as defined herein below, poly(styrene-co maleic anhydride), cellulosic polymers such as ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetatebutyrate, acetylated mono, di, and triglycerides, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), vinyl acetate polymers and copolymers, poly(alkylene glycol), styrene butadiene copolymers, poly(orthoesters), alkyd resins, and mixtures of two or more of these. Polymers that are biodegradable are also useful in the present invention. As used herein, a polymer is biodegradable if is not water soluble, but is degraded over a period of several weeks when placed in an application environment. Examples of biodegradable polymers that are useful in the present invention include biodegradable polyesters, starch, polylactic acid starch blends, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymers, polydioxanone, cellulose esters, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, starch esters, starch esteraliphatic polyester blends, modified corn starch, polycaprolactone, poly(namylmethacrylate), wood rosin, polyanhydrides, polyvinylalcohol, polyhydroxybutyratevalerate, biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, and polyhydroxybutyrate or mixtures thereof.

Buffering agent as used herein is selected from group consisting of calcium hydroxyapatite, Pottasium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Sodium Hydroxide, carbonated apatite, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphates, carbonated calcium phosphates, amine monomers, lactate dehydrogenase and magnesium hydroxide.

The solvent for the composition of the present invention may include water, water-soluble alcohols and dihydroxy alcohol ethers. The water-soluble alcohol which can be used in the present invention may be lower alcohols or water-soluble macromolecular alcohols. The term "lower alcohol", as used herein, represents an alcohol having 1-4 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, etc. Macromolecular alcohol is not limited, as long as it may be dissolved in water in a suitable amount range, e.g., polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, glucitol, etc. The examples of suitable dihydroxy alcohol ethers used in the present invention may be dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ethers or dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers. The examples of dihydroxy alcohol alkyl ether include ethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, dipropylene glycol ethyl ether, etc. The examples of dihydroxy alcohol aryl ethers include ethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol phenyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, dipropylene glycol phenyl ether, and the like. Any of the above mentioned solvent can be used either alone or in combination thereof.

The process for preparing the present agrochemical composition can be modified accordingly by any person skilled in the art based on the knowledge of the manufacturing the composition. However all such variation and modification is still covered by the scope of present invention.

EXAMPLES

Example 1: Pymetrozine 25%+Thiamethoxam 12.5%+Tebuconazole 35% WG
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Pymetrozine a.i. 25.0
Thiamethoxam a.i. 12.5
Tebuconazole a.i. 35.0
Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt 6.0
Polyacrylate polymer sodium salt 3.0
Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate blend 2.5
Silicone antifoam 1.0
Corn starch 5.0
China Clay QS
Total 100.00

Procedure
Step 1 Charge the required quantity of filler, wetting agent, dispersing agent, and suspending agent, & technical in premixing blender for homogenization for 30 minutes.
Step 2 Pre-blended material is then grinded through Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely grinded material is blended in post blender till it becomes homogeneous. (for approx 1.5 hr)
Step 3 Finely grinded powder is mixed with required quantity of water to form extrudable dough.
Step 4 Dough is passed through extruder to get granules of required size.
Step 5 Wet granules are passed through Fluidized bed drier and further graded using vibrating screens.
Step 6 Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 7 After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.

Storage stability study
Parameters Specification (In house) Initial Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Description Off white colour granules Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 23.75 to 26.25 25.15 25.12 25.15
Thiamethoxam content percent by mass 11.86 to 13.13 12.60 12.55 12.60
Tebuconazole content percent by mass 33.25 to 36.75 35.25 35.10 35.25
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 96.05 93.70 96.00
Thiamethoxam suspensibility percent min. 70 96.10 95.50 96.07
Tebuconazole suspensibility percent min. 70 95.01 93.02 94.05
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.01 7.02 7.01
Wettability sec. max. 60 9 10 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron ) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.5 99.3 99.5
Bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.48 0.48 0.48
Moisture content percent by mass max. Max. 2.0% 1.2 0.8 1

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house) Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 months
Description Off white colour granules Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 23.75 to 26.25 25.15 25.14 25.14
Thiamethoxam content percent by mass 11.86 to 13.13 12.60 12.59 12.57
Tebuconazole content percent by mass 33.25 to 36.75 35.25 35.23 35.18
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 96.01 95.80 95.21
Thiamethoxam suspensibility percent min. 70 95.80 95.30 95.15
Tebuconazole suspensibility percent min. 70 94.05 93.52 93.10
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.01 7.01 7.02
Wettability sec. max. 60 9 10 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron ) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.5 99.5 99.4
Bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.48 0.48 0.48
Moisture content percent by mass max. Max. 2.0% 1 0.8 0.6

Example 2: Pymetrozine 10%+Thiamethoxam 5%+Tebuconazole 14% SC
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Pymetrozine a.i. 10.00
Thiamethoxam a.i. 5.00
Tebuconazole a.i. 14.00
Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol 2.00
Acrylic graft copolymer 3.00
Alkylated naphtalene sulfonate, sodium salt 0.50
Silicone antifoam 0.50
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.20
Mono Ethylene Glycol 5.00
Polysaccharides 0.15
Trisiloxane ethoxylate 2.00
Water QS
TOTAL 100.00

Procedure
Step 1 Gum Solution should be made 12-18 hour prior to use. Take required quantity of water, biocide, and defoamer and homogenise, then slowly add gum powder to it and stir till complete dissolution.
Step 2 Charge required quantity of DM water need to be taken in designated vessel for Suspension concentrate production.
Step 3 Add required quantity of Wetting agent, antifreeze, dispersing agent & suspending agents and homogenise the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear homogeniser.
Step 4 Then add technical and other remaining adjuvants excluding ‘thickener’ are added to it and homogenised to get uniform slurry ready for grinding.
Step 5 Before grinding half the quantity of antifoam was added and then material was subjected to grinding in Dyno mill till desired particle size is achieved.
Step 6 Half quantity of the antifoam was added after grinding process completes and before sampling for in process analysis.
Step 7 Finally add gum solution to this formulation and send to QC for quality check.

Storage stability study
Parameters Specification (In house) Initial Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Description White colour flowable liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 9.5 to 10.5 10.20 10.18 10.20
Thiamethoxam content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.5 5.13 5.04 5.13
Tebuconazole content percent by mass 13.7 to 14.7 14.16 14.11 14.16
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 80 98.52 96.04 98.06
Thiamethoxam suspensibility percent min. 80 97.01 95.09 96.56
Tebuconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 96.59 94.19 96.35
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 6.99 6.99 6.98
Pourability 95 % min 98.50 97.70 97.60
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.07 1.08 1.07
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 490 495 510
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 7.9 2.4, 8.5 2.7, 8.9
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 5 10 5

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house) Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 months
Description White colour flowable liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 9.5 to 10.5 10.20 10.20 10.19
Thiamethoxam content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.5 5.13 5.12 5.10
Tebuconazole content percent by mass 13.7 to 14.7 14.16 14.15 14.13
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 80 98.15 97.69 96.99
Thiamethoxam suspensibility percent min. 80 96.95 96.87 96.80
Tebuconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 96.51 95.15 94.58
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 6.99 6.99 6.98
Pourability 95 % min 98.50 98.40 97.20
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.07 1.07 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 490 491 493
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 8 2.2, 8.1 2.3, 8.2
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 5 5 8

Example 3: Pymetrozine 25%+Clothianidin 12.5%+Tebuconazole 35% WG
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Pymetrozine a.i. 25.0
Clothianidin a.i. 12.5
Tebuconazole a.i. 35.0
Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt 7.0
Polyacrylate polymer sodium salt 3.0
Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate blend 2.0
Silicone antifoam 1.0
Corn starch 5.0
China Clay QS
TOTAL 100.0

Procedure: As per Example 1
Storage stability study
Parameters Specification (In house) Initial Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Description Off white colour granules Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 23.75 to 26.25 25.25 25.20 25.25
Clothianidin content percent by mass 11.86 to 13.13 12.62 12.58 12.61
Tebuconazole content percent by mass 33.25 to 36.75 35.50 35.35 35.49
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 94.46 93.26 94.56
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 70 93.59 93.01 93.45
Tebuconazole suspensibility percent min. 70 94.06 91.25 93.96
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.01 7.02 7.01
Wettability sec. max. 60 9 10 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron ) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.6 99.3 99.5
Bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.48 0.48 0.48
Moisture content percent by mass max. Max. 2.0% 1.2 0.8 1

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house) Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 months
Description Off white colour granules Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 23.75 to 26.25 25.24 25.23 25.22
Clothianidin content percent by mass 11.86 to 13.13 12.62 12.61 12.60
Tebuconazole content percent by mass 33.25 to 36.75 35.49 35.47 35.45
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 94.26 94.22 94.17
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 70 93.56 93.52 93.32
Tebuconazole suspensibility percent min. 70 93.95 92.56 91.96
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.01 7.01 7.02
Wettability sec. max. 60 9 9 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron ) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.6 99.5 99.5
Bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.48 0.48 0.48
Moisture content percent by mass max. Max. 2.0% 1 0.7 0.6

Example 4: Pymetrozine 10%+Clothianidin 5%+Tebuconazole 14% SC
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Pymetrozine a.i. 10.00
Clothianidin a.i. 5.00
Tebuconazole a.i. 14.00
Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol 2.00
Acrylic graft copolymer 3.00
Alkylated naphtalene sulfonate, sodium salt 0.50
Silicone antifoam 0.50
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.20
Mono Ethylene Glycol 5.00
Polysaccharides 0.15
Trisiloxane ethoxylate 2.00
Water QS
TOTAL 100.00

Procedure: As per Example 2

Storage stability study
Parameters Specification (In house) Initial Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Description White colour flowable liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 9.5 to 10.5 10.08 10.05 10.07
Clothianidin content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.5 5.16 5.12 5.16
Tebuconazole content percent by mass 13.7 to 14.7 14.11 14.07 14.05
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 80 98.12 96.27 98.10
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.85 95.72 97.15
Tebuconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.52 94.23 97.17
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.15 7.13 7.15
Pourability 95 % min 98.50 97.70 97.60
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.07 1.08 1.07
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 530 535 545
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 7.9 2.4, 8.1 2.7, 8.5
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 5 5 5

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house) Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 months
Description White colour flowable liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 9.5 to 10.5 10.08 10.07 10.05
Clothianidin content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.5 5.16 5.16 5.15
Tebuconazole content percent by mass 13.7 to 14.7 14.11 14.10 14.09
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 80 98.04 97.86 97.74
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.55 97.14 96.73
Tebuconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.41 97.14 97.11
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.15 7.15 7.14
Pourability 95 % min 98.50 98.40 97.20
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.07 1.07 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 530 531 533
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 8 2.2, 8.1 2.3, 8.1
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 5 5 5

Example 5: Pymetrozine 25%+Thiamethoxam 12.5%+Prothioconazole 35% WG
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Pymetrozine a.i. 25.0
Thiamethoxam a.i. 12.5
Prothioconazole a.i. 35.0
Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt 6.0
Polyacrylate polymer sodium salt 3.0
Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate blend 2.5
Silicone antifoam 1.0
Corn starch 5.0
China Clay QS
Total 100.00

Procedure: As per Example 1

Storage stability study
Parameters Specification (In house) Initial Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Description Off white colour granules Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 23.75 to 26.25 25.20 25.16 25.19
Thiamethoxam content percent by mass 11.86 to 13.13 12.65 12.51 12.65
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 33.25 to 36.75 35.35 35.25 35.34
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 95.06 92.16 95.10
Thiamethoxam suspensibility percent min. 70 96.63 92.14 96.09
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 70 94.16 91.26 94.26
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 6.99 7.01 6.99
Wettability sec. max. 60 8 9 9
Wet Sieve(45 micron ) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.6 99.3 99.5
Bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.49 0.49 0.49
Moisture content percent by mass max. Max. 2.0% 1.2 0.8 1

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house) Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 months
Description Off white colour granules Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 23.75 to 26.25 25.20 25.19 25.18
Thiamethoxam content percent by mass 11.86 to 13.13 12.65 12.59 12.57
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 33.25 to 36.75 35.35 35.33 35.31
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 95.01 94.88 94.51
Thiamethoxam suspensibility percent min. 70 96.01 95.87 95.36
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 70 94.06 93.52 92.58
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 6.99 6.99 7.01
Wettability sec. max. 60 8 8 9
Wet Sieve(45 micron ) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.6 99.5 99.5
Bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.49 0.49 0.49
Moisture content percent by mass max. Max. 2.0% 1 0.7 0.6

Example 6: Pymetrozine 10%+Thiamethoxam 5%+Prothioconazole 14% SC
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Pymetrozine a.i. 10.00
Thiamethoxam a.i. 5.00
Prothioconazole a.i. 14.00
Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol 2.00
Acrylic graft copolymer 3.00
Alkylated naphtalene sulfonate, sodium salt 0.50
Silicone antifoam 0.50
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.20
Mono Ethylene Glycol 5.00
Polysaccharides 0.15
Trisiloxane ethoxylate 2.00
Water QS
TOTAL 100.00

Procedure: As per Example 2

Storage stability study
Parameters Specification (In house) Initial Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Description White to light beige colour flowable liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 9.5 to 10.5 10.34 10.22 10.34
Thiamethoxam content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.5 5.20 5.11 5.19
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 13.7 to 14.7 14.30 14.14 14.29
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 80 98.01 96.06 98.15
Thiamethoxam suspensibility percent min. 80 97.15 96.12 96.25
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 96.23 94.17 96.15
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 6.97 6.98 6.97
Pourability 95 % min 98.60 97.10 97.60
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.08 1.09 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 510 515 540
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 7.9 2.4, 8.2 2.7, 8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 2 5 5

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house) Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 months
Description White to light beige colour flowable liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 9.5 to 10.5 10.34 10.32 10.29
Thiamethoxam content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.5 5.19 5.19 5.18
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 13.7 to 14.7 14.30 14.29 14.27
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 80 98.25 97.19 96.87
Thiamethoxam suspensibility percent min. 80 96.65 96.11 95.19
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 95.98 95.15 94.58
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 6.97 6.97 6.98
Pourability 95 % min 98.50 98.40 97.20
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.08 1.08 1.09
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 510 512 514
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 8 2.2, 8.1 2.3, 8.2
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 2 2 5

Example 7: Pymetrozine 25%+Clothianidin 12.5%+Prothioconazole 35% WG
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Pymetrozine a.i. 25.0
Clothianidin a.i. 12.5
Prothioconazole a.i. 35.0
Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt 7.0
Polyacrylate polymer sodium salt 3.0
Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate blend 2.0
Silicone antifoam 1.0
Corn starch 5.0
China Clay QS
TOTAL 100.0

Procedure: As per Example 1

Storage stability study
Parameters Specification (In house) Initial Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Description Off white colour granules Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 23.75 to 26.25 25.12 25.09 25.11
Clothianidin content percent by mass 11.86 to 13.13 12.55 12.53 12.55
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 33.25 to 36.75 35.30 35.13 35.31
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 97.85 94.50 96.55
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 70 95.88 92.55 94.65
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 70 94.06 91.36 94.11
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.01 7.02 7.01
Wettability sec. max. 60 8 9 9
Wet Sieve(45 micron ) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.6 99.3 99.5
Bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.48 0.48 0.48
Moisture content percent by mass max. Max. 2.0% 1 0.8 1

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house) Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 months
Description Off white colour granules Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 23.75 to 26.25 25.12 25.12 25.11
Clothianidin content percent by mass 11.86 to 13.13 12.55 12.55 12.54
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 33.25 to 36.75 35.30 35.29 35.27
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 70 97.02 96.25 96.01
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 70 95.62 95.52 95.36
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 70 93.65 93.14 92.35
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.01 7.01 7.02
Wettability sec. max. 60 8 8 9
Wet Sieve(45 micron ) percent by mass min. 98.5 99.6 99.5 99.5
Bulk density (g/ml) 0.45 to 0.75 0.48 0.48 0.48
Moisture content percent by mass max. Max. 2.0% 1 0.9 0.7

Example 8: Pymetrozine 10%+Clothianidin 5%+Prothioconazole 14% SC
Chemical Composition Percent (% w/w)
Pymetrozine a.i. 10.00
Clothianidin a.i. 5.00
Prothioconazole a.i. 14.00
Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol 2.00
Acrylic graft copolymer 3.00
Alkylated naphtalene sulfonate, sodium salt 0.50
Silicone antifoam 0.50
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one 0.20
Mono Ethylene Glycol 5.00
Polysaccharides 0.15
Trisiloxane ethoxylate 2.00
Water QS
TOTAL 100.00

Procedure: As per Example 2

Storage stability study
Parameters Specification (In house) Initial Stability (for 14 days)
At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Description White to light beige colour flowable liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 9.5 to 10.5 10.15 10.11 10.15
Clothianidin content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.5 5.18 5.14 5.18
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 13.7 to 14.7 14.18 14.09 14.18
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 80 98.22 96.58 98.10
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.50 95.05 97.23
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.15 94.66 97.05
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.11 7.06 7.11
Pourability 95 % min 98.40 97.30 97.60
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.07 1.08 1.07
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 520 528 545
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 7.9 2.4, 8.3 2.7, 8.5
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 3 5 5

Room temperature storage data
Parameters Specification (In house) Study Duration
1 month 6 month 12 months
Description White to light beige colour flowable liquid Complies Complies Complies
Pymetrozine content percent by mass 9.5 to 10.5 10.15 10.15 10.14
Clothianidin content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.5 5.18 5.18 5.16
Prothioconazole content percent by mass 13.7 to 14.7 14.18 14.16 14.13
Pymetrozine suspensibility percent min. 80 98.14 97.26 97.03
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.41 97.25 96.12
Prothioconazole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.11 96.25 95.23
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to7.5 7.11 7.10 7.09
Pourability 95 % min 98.40 98.20 98.10
Specific gravity 1.05 – 1.15 1.07 1.07 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no.62, 20 rpm 350 -800 cps 520 522 526
Particle size (micron) D50 <3, D90 <10 2.2, 8 2.2, 8.1 2.3, 8.2
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 3 3 5

Example 9: Bio efficacy trials
Bio efficacy studies were carried out in different crops. The novel synergistic composition of active ingredient, Pymetrozine-Tebuconazole-Thiamethoxam, and Pymetrozine-Tebuconazole-Clothianidin were evaluated for their efficacy against insect-pest and diseases, effect on growth and vigor of plants, their impact on yield and yield attributing characters.
Trial 1
A pot experiment was conducted on Aphid, Myzus persicae infesting potato crop to study the synergism between Pymetrozine, Tebuconazole and Thiamethoxam. The potato plants were raised in pots. The potato aphid culture reared in laboratory were released on potato plant and allowed to multiply and build up. Four potted plants per treatment were taken and sprayed with required concentration of Pymetrozine, Tebuconazole and Thiamethoxam. Immediately after spraying, the micro cages were clipped on potato leaf and kept under observations. The number of aphid nymphs and adults were counted per micro cage before spraying and after 72 hrs. The percent control was calculated by considering number of aphids in untreated plot, as below formula.

The % insect control data used to calculate the synergism, as per the below formula.
The synergistic pesticide action of the inventive mixtures calculated as follows:
E = [A + B + C] - [{AB} + {BC} + {AC}] / 100 + [{ABC}/10000]

in which, E = Expected percentage of Insecticidal or fungicidal control for the combination of three active ingredient, A is the percentage of insecticidal or fungicidal control observed by active ingredient I at defined dose, B is the percentage of insecticidal or fungicidal control observed by Active Ingredient II at defined dose, C is the percentage of insecticidal or fungicidal control observed by Active Ingredient III at defined dose. When the percentage of insecticidal or fungicidal control observed for the combination is greater than the expected percentage, there is a synergistic effect. (Ratio of O/E > 1, means synergism observed.)
Table 1: Control of Aphid, Myzus persicae on Potato
Compositions % Aphid control
Obs.Value Cal.Value Ratio
Pymetrozine 150+Tebuconazole 250+Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 90.52 63.98 1.41
Pymetrozine 150 + Tebuconazole 250 ppm 42.66 46.89 0.91
Pymetrozine 150 + Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 78.46 59.86 1.31
Tebuconazole 250 + Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 38.62 39.14 0.99
Pymetrozine 150 ppm 40.82
Tebuconazole 250 ppm 10.26
Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 32.18

Pymetrozine+Tebuconazole+Thiamethoxam and Pymetrozine+Thiamethoxam shows synergism in terms of their efficacy against potato aphid compared to their mixtures as well as solo application.
Trial 2
In Vitro Chemical screening: The synergistic effect of compositions of Pymetrozine, Tebuconazole and Thiamethoxam on growth of the pathogen in vitro was studied by poison food technique. Different concentrations of active ingredient were prepared by dissolving the requisite quantity of each active ingredient in warm potato dextrose agar medium before autoclaving. After autoclaving the medium was then dispensed uniformly into 90 mm diameter petriplate and inoculated at the 2 mm mycelial discs of pathogen (Alternaria solani) taken from 7 day old culture. Pathogen inoculated in unamended medium served as control. Each treatment was maintained in four replications. The inoculated plates were incubated at 28 +/- 2 C for 3 days and the diameter of the fungal colony was measured by measuring the two opposite circumference of the colony growth at 3 days interval for 15 days. The growth of fungus was monitored by measuring the radial growth (in mm) every 72 h till the fungus covers the plate completely in control plates. The percent inhibition (PI) of the fungus over the control was calculated using the following formula:
PI = A-B X 100/A
Where A= Colony diameter of fungus in control plates (mm)
B= Colony diameter of fungus in treated plates (mm)
The synergistic pesticidal action of the inventive mixtures calculated as below:
For mixture of three active ingredients,
E = [A + B + C]- [{AB}+{BC}+{AC}] / 100 + [ {ABC}/10000]
For mixture of two active ingredients,
E = [ A + B] – [AB / 100]
in which,
E = Expected percentage of Insecticidal or fungicidal control for the combination of two or three active ingredient,
A is the percentage of insecticidal or fungicidal control observed by active ingredient I at defined dose,
B is the percentage of insecticidal or fungicidal control observed by Active Ingredient II at defined dose,
C is the percentage of insecticidal or fungicidal control observed by Active Ingredient III at defined dose.

When the percentage of insecticidal or fungicidal control observed for the combination is greater than the expected percentage, there is a synergistic effect. (Ratio of O/E > 1, means synergism observed.)
Table 2: Effect of Pymetrozine+Tebuconazole+Thiamethoxam mixtures on growth inhibition of Alternaria solani (causing early blight of Potato)
Concentrations Alternaria solani
Mycelial growth (mm) % Inhibition over control
Pymetrozine 150+Tebuconazole 250+Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 1.4 98
Pymetrozine 150 + Tebuconazole 250 ppm 21.2 72
Pymetrozine 150 + Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 63.2 18
Tebuconazole 250 + Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 24.6 68
Pymetrozine 150 ppm 61.2 20
Tebuconazole 250 ppm 25.2 67
Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 56.4 27
Untreated 76.8 0

Table 3: Synergistic activity on mycelial growth of Alternaria solani.
Compositions % Growth Inhibition of Alternaria solani
Obs.Value Cal.Value Ratio
Pymetrozine 150+Tebuconazole 250+Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 98 80.80 1.22
Pymetrozine 150 + Tebuconazole 250 ppm 72 73.85 0.98
Pymetrozine 150 + Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 18 41.48 0.43
Tebuconazole 250 + Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 68 75.90 0.90
Pymetrozine 150 ppm 20
Tebuconazole 250 ppm 67
Thiamethoxam 100 ppm 27

In vitro studies indicated the suppressive effect of various active ingredients on the radial growth of the mycelium of Alternaria solani (Table 2). It can be seen that the synergism was observed between Pymetrozine + Tebuconazole + Thiamethoxam in terms of excellent suppressive effect on radial growth of Alternaria solani (Table 3).
Trial 3
The field trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of innovative mixtures of Pymetrozine, Tebuconazole and one more insecticide against brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens in paddy field. Trial was conducted with randomized block design with net plot size of 5m x 6m. Paddy crop was raised with all standard agronomic practices. Spraying was done with manual operated back pack sprayer with 500 liter of water spray volume per hectare. The observations were recorded by counting the no. of hoppers (adult and nymph) per hill. 10 hills per plot were observed to record the insect population at before spraying and 5, 10, 15 DAA (Days after application). The percent insect control was worked out by below formula:

Table 4: Field efficacy against paddy brown plant hopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens.
Compositions Rate (g.a.i./h) % Brown Plant Hopper Control
5 DAA 10 DAA 15 DAA
Pymetrozine 25%+Tebuconazole 35%+Thiamethoxam 12.5% WG 125+175+62.5 96.12 95.26 89.64
Pymetrozine 25%+Tebuconazole 35%+Clothianidin 12.5% WG 125+175+62.5 96.08 94.78 88.44
Pymetrozine 25%+Tebuconazole 35%+Triflumezopyrim 5% WG 125+175+25 93.82 92.16 90.46
Pymetrozine 25%+Tebuconazole 35% WG 125+175 86.48 81.38 73.58
Tebuconazole 35%+Thiamethoxam 12.5% WG 175+62.5 80.62 71.26 64.52
Tebuconazole 35%+Clothianidin 12.5% WG 175+62.5 78.58 71.42 63.82
Tebuconazole 35%+Triflumezopyrim 5% WG 175+25 82.48 76.40 71.48
Pymetrozine 25%+Thiamethoxam 12.5% WG 125+62.5 94.28 91.48 72.58
Pymetrozine 25%+Clothianidin 12.% WG 125+62.5 91.04 89.64 68.36
Pymetrozine 25%+Triflumezopyrim 5% WG 125+25 90.36 90.46 69.60
Pymetrozine 25% WG 125 82.38 70.52 52.48
Tebuconazole 35% WG 175 0.00 0.00 0.00
Thiamethoxam 12.5% WG 62.5 68.26 48.12 28.84
Clothianidin 12.5% WG 62.5 60.36 38.72 18.40
Triflumezopyrim 5% WG 25 72.46 56.82 36.48
Untreated Check (UTC) 0 0.00 0.00 0.00

The innovative mixtures of Pymetrozine + Tebuconazole + Thiamethoxam, Pymetrozine + Tebuconazole + Clothianidin, Pymetrozine + Tebuconazole + Triflumezopyrim provides an excellent control of paddy brown plant hopper with long residual control.
,CLAIMS:We claim;
[CLAIM 1]. A synergistic pesticidal composition comprising of bioactive amounts of A) Pymetrozine B) an insecticide selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim C) a fungicide selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole and one or more inactive excipient.

[CLAIM 2]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein
I. A) Pymetrozine is in range of 1-30%;
II. B) insecticide selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim is in range of 1-20%; and
III. C) a fungicide selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole is in range of 1-50%.

[CLAIM 3]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein preferred compositions are selected from:
a) Pymetrozine + Thiamethoxam + Tebuconazole;
b) Pymetrozine + Clothianidin + Tebuconazole;
c) Pymetrozine + Thiamethoxam + Prothioconazole;
d) Pymetrozine + Clothianidin + Prothioconazole;

[CLAIM 4]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein inactive excipients are selected from the group consisting of dispersant, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, anti-microbial agent, thickener, quick coating agent or sticking agents and buffering agent.

[CLAIM 5]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 -4, wherein the formulations comprises of dustable powder (DP), a wettable powder (WP), a granule (GR) such as an emulsifiable granule (EG) or more particularly a water-dispersible granule (WG), an aqueous dispersion (aqueous suspension concentrate (SC), an oily dispersion (OD), a suspo-emulsion (SE) and a capsule suspension (CS).

[CLAIM 6]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preferable formulations are Water dispersible Granules (WG) and Suspension concentrate (SC).

[CLAIM 7]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein suspension concentrate (SC) formulation comprises:
a) Pymetrozine is in range of 1-30%;
b) B) insecticide selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim is in range of 1-20%; and
c) C) a fungicide selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole is in range of 1-50%;
d) one or more inactive excipients selected from wetting agent, Filler, Absorbent, Emulsifier, Dispersants, Stabilizers, Anti-caking and Free-flow agent.

[CLAIM 8]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein Water dispersible granules (WG) comprises:
a) Pymetrozine is in range of 1-30%;
b) insecticide selected from Clothianidin, Flonicamid, Flupyradifurone, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Sulfoxaflor, Thiamethoxam, Tolfenpyrad and Triflumezopyrim is in range of 1-20%; and
c) a fungicide selected from Cyproconazole, Difenoconazole, Epoxiconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Prothioconazole, Tebuconazole and Tricyclazole is in range of 1-50%;
d) one or more inactive excipients selected from wetting agent, Filler, Absorbent, Emulsifier, Dispersants, Stabilizers, Anti-caking and Free-flow agent.

[CLAIM 9]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in claim in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said composition is effective for management of Insect-pests and fungal diseases in Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Maize (Zea mays), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) , Soybean (Glycin max), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Mustard (Brassica juncea), Green gram (Vigna radiate), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Redgram (Cajanus cajan), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) , Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun) , Potato (Solanum tuberosum) , Chilly (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Mango (Mangifera indica), Pomegranate (Punica granatum) , Tea (Camellia sinensis), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum).

[CLAIM 10]. The synergistic pesticidal composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said composition is effective aginst insect pest from the order of the Lepidoptera, for example Chilo partellus, Chilo suppressalis, Cydia pomonella, beetles (Coleoptera), for example Dicladispa armigera, Epila-chna varivestis, Phyllotreta nemorum, Phyllotreta striolata, flies (Diptera), e.g. Atherigona orientalis, Dacus cucurbi-tae, Dacus oleae, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza trifolii, Melanagromyza obtuse, Ophiomyia phaseli, thrips (Thysanoptera), e.g. Dichromothrips corbetti, Dichromothrips ssp , Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella tritici, Scirtothrips citri, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips oryzae, Thrips palmi and Thrips tabaci, true bugs (Hemiptera), e.g. Amrasca biguttula biguttula, Amrasca devastans, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aphis fabae, Aphis pomi, Aphis gossypii, Aphis crassivora, Bemisia argentifolii, Bemisia tabaci, Brevicoryne brassicae, Clavigralla gibbosa, Dysdercus cingulatus, Idioscopus spp., Leptocorisa acuta, Lygus lineolaris, Myzus persicae (Potato Aphid), Nilaparvata lugens (Brown Plant Hopper BPH), Nephotettix virescens, Nephotettix nigropictus, Planococcus spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pyrilla perpusilla, Psylla mail, Psylla piri, Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosi-phum padi, Rhopalosiphum insertum, Sappaphis mala, Sappaphis mail, Schizaphis graminum, Schizoneura lanuginosa, Sitobion avenae, Sogatella furcifera, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Toxoptera aurantiia, Psylla spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Sitobion spp., crickets, grasshoppers, locusts (Orthoptera), e.g. Gryllotalpa gryllo-talpa, Locusta migratoria, Melanoplus bivittatus, Locustana pardalina and fungus from Wheat diseases-Common bunt Tilletia tritici, Karnal bunt Neovossia indica, Leaf rust Puccinia triticina, Puccinia recondite, Loose smut Ustilago tritici, Powdery mildew Erysiphe graminis, Blumeria graminis, Scab/head blight Fusarium graminearum, Septoria blotch Septoria tritici, Rice diseases-Blast Pyricularia oryzae, Crown sheath rot Gaeumannomyces graminis, False smut Ustilaginoidea virens, Grain discoloration by Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Curvularia spp., Fusarium spp., Microdochium oryzae, Sarocladium oryzae, Sheath blight Rhizoctonia solani, Sheath rot Sarocladium oryzae, Corn diseases- Anthracnose leaf blight Colletotrichum graminicola, Aspergillus ear and kernel rot, Banded leaf and sheath spot Rhizoctonia solani, Soybean diseases-Alternaria leaf spot, Anthracnose Colletotrichum truncatum, Charcoal rot Macrophomina phaseolina, Frogeye leaf spot Cercospora sojina, Rust Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Peanut diseases- Early leaf spot Cercospora arachidicola, Late leafspot Cercosporidium personatum, Rust Puccinia arachidis, Cotton diseases- Anthracnose Glomerella.