Description:FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
( 39 of 1970)
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(Section 10 and Rule 13)

“Synthesis of water soluble nanoparticles of Iron Oxide through plant extract and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) solvent”

BIOFAC INPUTS PRIVATE LIMITED, Indian, Unit-I : Plot No. 74C, Anrich Industrial Estate IDA , Bollaram, Hyderabad -502325. Telangana State

The following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed

FIELD OF INVENTION:
The present invention relates to an inorganic metal nanoparticles. More particularly, the present invention relates to biosynthesis of nanoparticles of Iron oxide through (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract and DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) solvent.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION:
Iron is highly reactive to both air (oxygen) and water, and in nanoparticles it is even more rapid than the bulk material. This characteristic limits its use to inert environments. Iron oxide nanoparticles are not toxic. Nanoscale Iron oxide particles are sub-micrometer particles of Iron metal. They are highly reactive because of their large surface area. In the presence of oxygen and water, they rapidly oxidize to form free Iron ions. They are widely used in medical and laboratory applications and have also been studied for remediation of industrial sites contaminated with chlorinated organic compounds. Iron particles can be effectively used to treat several forms of ground contamination, including grounds contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorinated organic solvents, and organochlorine pesticides.
Several methods can be used to synthesize Iron oxide nanoparticles, for instance, methods like thermal decomposition of Iron pentacarbonyl, etc., and some mechanical ones. Methods like Sol-gel or colloid chemical are the kind of wet chemical processes that can be used to prepare Iron oxide nanoparticles.
A range of remarkable chemical, magnetic, and optical properties because of finite size effects are possessed by the nanoparticles. The best property is the nanoparticle's large surface area. Surface free energy is a large amount of energy, which means altered properties of magnetism and added reactivity in nanoparticles. In Iron's case, optical effects aren't that much interesting; meanwhile, the other characteristics have been discussed for some time. In Iron's case, most of the interest is in the effect resulting from electronic interactions: magnetism.
Iron oxide nanoparticles
Fe(II) or Fe(III) salt reduction with sodium borohydride synthesizes nanoparticles of Iron in an aqueous medium.

The most commonly used plant resource for Iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis is tea extract. nZVI were synthesized by Hoag et al. by allowing Camellia sinensis (green tea) extract to react with 0.1 M FeCl3 solution. These nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature within a few minutes, and tea polyphenols acted as the reducing and capping agent. The activity of these nanoparticles was found to be higher when compared to two commonly used Iron chelates for bromothymol blue degradation.
In one of the prior art means, the synthesis was carried out at room temperature using different volumes of tea extract and Fe(NO3)3 solution to check the effect of tea extract concentration on size of the nanoparticle formed; it was found that particle size decreased with increase in the concentration. The size of the nanoparticles synthesized by borohydride reduction method was found to vary between 50 nm and 500 nm. The biocompatibility of nZVI synthesized using green tea and borohydride as the reducing agent was assessed using methyl tetrazolium (MTS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay by exposing cell lines to nZVIs for 24 to 48 hours. LDH leakage increased with an increase in particle size, stressing the cellular membrane. Hence, nZVI synthesized using green tea being much smaller in size were shown to be nontoxic to human keratinocytes when compared to nanoparticles synthesized using the borohydride reduction process.
In another embodiment, Shahwan et al. synthesized Iron oxide nanoparticles, GT-Fe NPs (consisting mainly of Iron oxide/oxohydroxide), using green tea extracts. These nanoparticles served as Fenton-like catalyst for the degradation of cationic dyes such as methylene blue (MB) and anionic dyes like methyl orange (MO). Almost complete removal of both dyes was achieved in 200 and 350 minutes for MB and MO, respectively. In the case of GT-Fe NPs, almost 100% removal of MB and MO was observed at an initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L and 100 mg/L. The efficiency was slightly lower for MB (96.3% for 10 mg/L and 86.6% for 100 mg/L) and significantly lower in the case of MO (61.6% for 10 mg/L and 47.1% for 100 mg/L) when Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using the conventional borohydride reduction method.
In another embodiment, Kuang et al. used three different tea extracts, namely, green tea (GT), oolong tea (OT), and black tea (BT) to synthesize Iron oxide nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were tested for their capacity to act as a catalyst for Fenton-like oxidation of monochlorobenzene (MCB). GT-Fe NPs were able to remove 69% of MCB followed by 53% by OT-Fe NPs and 39% by BT-Fe NPs in 180 minutes. Under optimum experimental conditions, GT-Fe NPs were able to oxidatively degrade 81% of MCB along with a 31% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD).
The nanoparticles obtained by using prior art references are not water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles. Preparation of nano Iron oxide from Ferric Citrate Trihydrate with azardictchta indica (neem) results in the Nano Iron oxide particles.
So there is a need for biosynthesis of water soluble nanoparticles of Iron oxide through (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract and DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) solvent. The present invention is an environment-friendly, cost-effective, biocompatible, safe, green approach Biosynthesis of nanoparticles includes synthesis through plants, bacteria, fungi, algae etc. NPs synthesized from biomimetic approach show more catalytic activity and limit the use of expensive and toxic chemicals. These (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract secrete some phytochemicals that act as both reducing agent and capping or stabilization agent. The present invention involves reaction of Ferric Citrate Trihydrate with azardictchta indica (neem) results in the Nano particles of Iron oxide .
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
The principle object of the present invention is to provide a biosynthesis of water soluble nanoparticles of Iron oxide through (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract and DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) solvent.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an environment-friendly, cost-effective, biocompatible solution for the synthesis of water soluble nanoparticles of Iron oxide using Ferric Citrate Trihydrate and (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract.
Yet another object of the present invention is to show more catalytic activity and limit the use of expensive and toxic chemicals.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
Accordingly, a method of synthesizing water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles using Ferric Citrate Trihydrate is disclosed. The method for synthesizing water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles comprising the steps of
a. Preparing Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution;
b. Heating a 10 mill molar solution of Ferric Citrate Trihydrate at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and
c. Adding the Ferric Citrate Trihydrate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution with each other [colour change (from colourless to dark blackish - brown) to produce the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles. The DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) is used as a solvent and added to the plant part according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtering the solution using Whatman filter paper. The (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract is used as a reducing agent. Water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles have a mean diameter in the range from about 100 to about 132 nm. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Description of drawings:
Fig 1, Shows the flow chart of water soluble NanoIron oxide.
Fig 2, Shows the microscopic view at 200 nm (nanometer).
Fig 3, Shows the Sample – water soluble Nano Iron oxide.
Fig 4, Shows The dual role of the plant extract as a reducing and capping agent and presence of some functional groups was confirmed by FTIR analysis .
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH RESPECT TO DRAWINGS:
PREPARATION OF PLANT EXTRACT:
The neem (Azadirachta indica ) leaf plant part is washed thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water Then, the neem (Azadirachta indica ) leaf plant part is kept for drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle. DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) is added to the neem (Azadirachta indica ) leaf plant part according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer. The solution is filtered using Whatman filter paper and the obtained clear solution was used as a plant extract.
BIO-AVAILABILITY OF IRON
Iron differs from other minerals because Iron balance in the human body is regulated by absorption only because there is no physiologic mechanism for excretion. On the basis of intake data and isotope studies, Iron bioavailability has been estimated to be in the range of 14-18% for mixed diets and 5-12% for vegetarian diets in subjects with no Iron stores, and these values have been used to generate dietary reference values for all population groups. Dietary factors that influence Iron absorption, such as phytate, polyphenols, calcium, ascorbic acid, and muscle tissue, have been shown repeatedly to influence Iron absorption in single-meal isotope studies, whereas in multimeal studies with a varied diet and multiple inhibitors and enhancers, the effect of single components has been, as expected, more modest. The importance of fortification Iron and food additives such as erythorbic acid on Iron bioavailability from a mixed diet needs clarification. The influence of vitamin A, carotenoids, and nondigestible carbohydrates on Iron absorption and the nature of the "meat factor" remain unresolved. The Iron status of the individual and other host factors, such as obesity, play a key role in Iron bioavailability, and Iron status generally has a greater effect than diet composition. It would therefore be timely to develop a range of Iron bioavailability factors based not only on diet composition but also on subject characteristics, such as Iron status and prevalence of obesity.
Water-soluble magnetic Iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanocrystals are mostly designed for biomedical applications; nevertheless, they are excellent reagents for preparing polymer composites in aqueous media. The Iron oxide nanocrystals from NN-Labs take advantage of the strong magnetic properties of Iron oxide and incorporate them into nano-scale materials. The water-soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles demonstrate excellent size distribution characteristics, which allow for their use in high-level applications where strict control over the nanocrystals’ properties and characteristics is necessary.
Fig 1 shows flow chart of water soluble nano Iron in which Incubation period results in a change of color of the mixture to dark blackish - brown which is a visual confirmation of the synthesized NPs . Further, water soluble synthesized Nanoparticles are further characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), & Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Fig 2 shows microscopic view at 100 to 132 nm (nanometer) in which SEM technique was employed to visualize the size of water soluble Iron Nanoparticles. The formation of water soluble Iron oxide Nanoparticles as well as their morphological dimensions in the SEM analysis demonstrated that the average size was from 100 to 132 nm with inter-particle distance.
Fig 4 shows a broad band between 3431 cm−1 is due to the N–H stretching vibration of group 30 NH2 and OH the overlapping of the stretching vibration of attributed for DMSO and plant extract molecules. From FT–IR results, it can be concluded that some of the bioorganics compounds from plant extract formed a strong coating/capping on the Nanoparticles.
Various experiments are carried out in order to select solvent as well as Iron oxide ion source.
Silicon ion sources such as ferric chloride, Ferric Citrate Trihydrate, and ferric sulphate are used and various solvents such as water, ethanol, chloroform, DMSO are used.
Examples Following examples are given by way of illustration therefore should not be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
The following is the experimental data which shows that by the reaction of various silicon ion sources such as ferric chloride, Ferric Citrate Trihydrate, and ferrous sulphate and various solvents such as water, ethanol, chloroform, water soluble SiO2 nanoparticles are not obtained. Water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are obtained only by reacting DMSO and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate.
Example 1:
Using Water and ferric chloride:
Here water is used as a solvent and ferric chloride is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of 20 ml of ferric chloride is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the ferric chloride solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of water according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 2:
Using Water and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate:
Here water is used as a solvent and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of Ferric Citrate Trihydrate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the Ferric Citrate Trihydrate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of water according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 3:
Using Water and ferrous sulphate :
Here water is used as a solvent and ferrous sulphate solution is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mili molar solution of ferrous sulphate solution is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the ferrous sulphate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other. [No colour change and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred]. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of water according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 4:
Using Ethanol and ferric chloride:
Here Ethanol is used as a solvent and ferric chloride is used as a silicon ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of ferric chloride is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the ferric chloride solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble ferric chloride nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred.
The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of ethanol according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 5:
Using Ethanol and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate:
Here water is used as a solvent and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of Ferric Citrate Trihydrate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the Ferric Citrate Trihydrate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of ethanol according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 6:
Using Ethanol and ferrous sulphate :
Here Ethanol is used as a solvent and ferrous sulphate solution is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of ferrous sulphate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the ferrous sulphate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other. [No colour change and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred]. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of ethanol according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 7:
Using chloroform and ferric chloride:
Here chloroform is used as a solvent and ferric chloride is used as a silicon ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of ferric chloride is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the ferric chloride solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of chloroform according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 8:
Using chloroform and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate:
Here chloroform is used as a solvent and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate solution is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of Ferric Citrate Trihydrate is heated at a 20 temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the Ferric Citrate Trihydrate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other. [No colour change and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred]. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of chloroform according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 9:
Using chloroform and ferrous sulphate :
Here chloroform is used as a solvent and ferrous sulphate is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of ferrous sulphate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the ferrous sulphate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of chloroform according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 10:
DMSO and ferric chloride:
Here DMSO is used as a solvent and ferric chloride solution is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of ferric chloride is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the ferric chloride solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [no colour change occurs and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Here only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 11:
DMSO and Ferrous sulphate :
Here DMSO is used as a solvent and ferrous sulphate solution is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of ferrous sulphate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the ferrous sulphate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [no colour change occurs and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Here only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 12:
DMSO and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate:
Here DMSO is used as a solvent and Ferric Citrate Trihydrate solution is used as an Iron oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of Ferric Citrate Trihydrate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the Ferric Citrate Trihydrate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [colour change from colourless to DARK BLACKISH - BROWN) colour occurs and the water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles are obtained. Here no precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
ADVANTAGES OF WATER SOLUBLE NANO Iron
Iron nanoparticles are widely used owing to their strong magnetic property, albeit they are highly reactive due to large surface area and having the capability to oxidize to form free Iron ions . The magnetic Iron nanoparticles are deemed to be biocompatible, that is, they do not demonstrate cytotoxic behavior upon internalization in cells through the macropinocytosis process. However, pristine-uncoated Iron oxide nanoparticles may induce oxidative stress in the lung. Due to the uncoated nature of the particles, several inflammatory and pathological processes are observed. Inflammatory processes include the influx of inflammatory cells (such as neutrophils and alveolar macrophages), while that of the pathological processes includes follicular hyperplasia, protein effusion, pulmonary capillary vessel hyperemia, and alveolar proteinosis
, Claims:Claims:
We claim:
1. A method of synthesizing water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles, using DMSO comprising the steps of;
a. Preparing Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution;
b. . Heating a 10 mill molar solution of Ferric Citrate Trihydrate at a temperature of 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and
c. Adding the Ferric Citrate Trihydrate solution and the neem (Azardirachta indica) leaf plant extract solution with each other [colour change (from colouless to dark blackish brown colour] to produce the Iron oxide nanoparticles.
2. The method of synthesizing water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles, using DMSO as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the plant part thoroughly in running tap water followed by sterilization using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as per desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
3. The method of synthesizing water soluble Iron oxide nanoparticles, using DMSO as claimed in claim 1, wherein said Iron oxide nanoparticles have a mean diameter in the range from 100 to about 132 nm.

Place : Hyderabad For, Biofac Inputs Private Limited. Date :27/04/2023 Agent of the applicant
Pallavi Unmesh Deshmukh