Description:FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(Section 10 and Rule 13)

“Synthesis of water soluble nanoparticles of Silicon Oxide through plant extract and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) solvent”

BIOFAC INPUTS PRIVATE LIMITED, Indian, Unit-I : Plot No. 74C, Anrich Industrial Estate IDA , Bollaram, Hyderabad -502325. Telangana State

The following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed

FIELD OF INVENTION:
The present invention relates to an inorganic metal nanoparticles. More particularly, the present invention relates to biosynthesis of nanoparticles of Silicon Oxide through (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract and DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) solvent.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION:
Silica nanoparticles (Si-NPs) are widely explored in biomedical applications due to their high surface area, excellent biocompatibility, and tunable pore size. The silica surface can be readily functionalized for wide range of applications such as cellular imaging, biosensing, and targeted drug delivery.
Nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si), sometimes also known as microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si), is a form of porous silicon. It is an allotropic form of silicon with paracrystalline structure—is similar to amorphous silicon (a-Si), in that it has an amorphous phase. Where they differ, however, is that nc-Si has small grains of crystalline silicon within the amorphous phase. This is in contrast to polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) which consists solely of crystalline silicon grains, separated by grain boundaries. The difference comes solely from the grain size of the crystalline grains. Most materials with grains in the micrometre range are actually fine-grained polysilicon, so nanocrystalline silicon is a better term. The term Nanocrystalline silicon refers to a range of materials around the transition region from amorphous to microcrystalline phase in the silicon thin film.
Nanoparticles belong to be prospective materials in the field of civil engineering. Nano-materials have important applications such as in: health, medical treatments, environments, fabrication, information, techniques and energy sources. Some researchers have employed nanoparticles into cementitious materials based on Portland cement aiming to modify mechanical strength and durability of this system .
Silicon dioxide is one of the most important utilized nano-materials, it used in variety of applications and its use has increased by 5.6% per year to reach a projected 2.8 million tons in 2016. Silica may be either amorphous or crystalline. The amorphous silica is silica gel, precipitated silica, colloidal silica sols, and non-porous (pyrogenic silica). The crystalline forms of silica are cristobalite, quartz and tridymite. NS has high surface area making it attractive for a wide range of application such as, reinforcing filler in rubber industry, enhance plant development, growth and yield of many crop species, improve the properties of concrete, food industry , medicine , insecticide industry , painting field, as adsorption materials in recyclable ceramic membrane , preparation of glass ceramic system (SiO2–Al2O3–CaO–CaF2) . It was produced by different procedures which differ in energy consumption, used raw materials and the optimum conditions, such as surrounding temperature, time of precipitation, pH, addition of coagulant, and methods of washing as well as drying. These factors influence on the size of the SiO2 particles, their aggregation and specific surface area. One example of these methods, production by sol–gel process for rice husk (RH) .

Jafari and Allahverdi developed method for production of NS from silica fume using an acid-base precipitation technique. Also, Mourhly et al. developed another method for preparing of mesoporous NS from Pumice Rock . Lazaro et al. extracted amorphous nanosilica from the dissolution of olivine in acid .
Nanosilica can be prepared by ball milling method. Its powder can be prepared also from Na2SiO3, which is low cost raw material.
This study aims to synthesize of nanosilica using simple methods as well as low cost materials (Sodium Meta Silicate solution) in the absence of burning process, which consumes a large amount of fuel and its usage in traditional ceramics industry.
Nanosilica can be used in the traditional ceramics to improve their physico-chemical properties. In this work we study the layer which coats the floor and wall tiles which called “engobe” and investigate the effect of prepared NS with high surface area and amorphous in nature to improved their properties such as thermal expansion, crystallization temperature, whiteness, water absorption, linear shrinkage and bulk density.
One of the Prior art includes an article titled as “Synthesis and characterization of low cost nanosilica from sodium silicate solution and their applications in ceramic engobes ’’. Silica nanoparticles were prepared by drop wise addition of conc. hydrochloric acid (HCl) to 500 ml of sodium silicate solution with constant stirring at room temperature (20–23 °C) until pH equal to 8–9, silica gel was produced, the gel obtained was aged for 24 h at room temperature, after this filtration occurred to separate the precipitate from water and remove the filtered water, then washing stage carried out with hot distilled water several times until free from chloride was tested using dilute AgNO3 solution. The solution was filtered and nanosilica powder was collected after drying at 90 °C for 18 h, the obtained white silica particles were ground in rapid mills for 30 s.
Another prior art means discloses a “Synthesis of nanosilica from silica fume using an acid-base precipitation technique and PVA as a nonionic surfactant” by Vajihe Jafari * and Ali Allahverdi Cement Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Received 22 October 2014.

The purpose of the present study was to synthesize and characterize nanosilica from alkali extraction of silica fume under controlled conditions using poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a dispersing agent. The dissolution efficiency of silica fume was affected by various factors such as concentration of the reagent, reaction time and temperature. A maximum dissolution efficiency of 91% was achieved at the sodium hydroxide solution concentration of 2.5 M, after a reaction time of 30 minutes and at a reaction temperature of 80°C. The microstructure and morphology of the obtained nanosilica powder at the optimum conditions were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images confirmed the formation of smaller and less agglomerated nanosilica particles due to the existence of the surfactant. Further, the synthesized nanosilica was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results show that the synthesized nanosilica consisted of pure silica particles.
Preparation of nanosilica
The procedure used for the synthesis of nanosilica from silica fume is shown schematically in Figure 1. One gram of silica fume is added to a reactor containing sodium hydroxide solution with a known concentration. The contents are constantly stirred at a certain temperature for a particular length of time until all the silica was dissolved and sodium silicate solution is obtained (Eq. 1). After filtration, the precipitation of nanosilica was carried out by neutralizing the produced sodium silicate solution with an acid. The sodium silicate solution was stirred at a constant rate, and a 2.5 M sulfuric acid solution was added gradually so that silica gel formed at a constant pH value of 8–9 (Eq. 2). Before the gelation of hydrosol, a small amount of 1% PVA solution was added to the hydrosol. The precipitated silica gel was then washed with distilled water several times until the filtrate was free from solute salts, such as sodium sulfate, left over from the neutralization stage. The gel was dried at 80°C for 48 h and then the collected solids were calcined to remove the dispersing agent’s matrix. Finally, the residue was ground using a mortar and was screened through a sieve to obtain silica nanoparticles.
Nanosilica can be successfully prepared from alkali-extraction of silica fume under controlled conditions using 1% PVA as a dispersing agent. The optimum conditions under which preparation and synthesis of silica powder were determined so that a maximum dissolution efficiency of silica fume equal to 91% was achieved at the sodium hydroxide solution concentration of 2.5 M, after a reaction time of 30 minutes, and at a temperature of 80°C. Studies by SEM analysis confirmed that by adding 1% PVA, smaller and less agglomerated nanosilica particles can be produced. FTIR, XRF results showed that the synthesized nanosilica consisted of pure silica particles.
Another prior art means is disclosed in “Synthesis of Controlled-Size Silica Nanoparticles from Sodium Metasilicate and the Effect of the Addition of PEG in the Size Distribution” in Materials (Basel). 2018 Apr; 11(4):510. Silica nanoparticles are widely studied in emerging areas of nanomedicine because they are biocompatible, and their surface can be modified to provide functionalization. The size is intrinsically related to the performance of the silica nanoparticles; therefore, it is important to have control over the size. However, the silica nanoparticles obtained from Sodium Metasilicate are less studied than those obtained from tetraethyl orthosilicate. Moreover, the methods of surface modification involve several steps after the synthesis. In this work, the effect of different concentrations of Sodium Metasilicate on the size of silica nanoparticles was studied. The procedure used for the synthesis of nanosilica from silica fume is shown schematically in Figure 1. One gram of silica fume is added to a reactor containing sodium hydroxide Solution with a known concentration. The contents are constantly stirred at a certain temperature for a particular length of time until all the silica was dissolved and sodium silicate solution is obtained (Eq. 1). After filtration, the precipitation of nanosilica was carried out by neutralizing the produced sodium silicate solution with an acid. The sodium silicate solution was stirred at a constant rate, and a 2.5 M sulfuric acid solution was added gradually so that silica gel formed at a constant pH value of 8–9 (Eq. 2). Before the gelation of hydrosol, a small amount of 1% PVA solution was added to the hydrosol. The precipitated silica gel was then washed with distilled water several times until the filtrate was free from solute salts, such as sodium sulfate, left over from the neutralization stage. The gel was dried at 80°C for 48 h and then the collected. solids were calcined to remove the dispersing agent’s matrix. Finally, the residue was ground using a mortar and was screened through a sieve to obtain silica nanoparticles.
Nanosilica can be successfully prepared from alkali-extraction of silica fume under controlled conditions using 1% PVA as a dispersing agent. The optimum conditions under which preparation and synthesis of silica powder were determined so that a maximum dissolution efficiency of silica fume equal to 91% was achieved at the sodium hydroxide solution concentration of 2.5 M, after a reaction time of 30 minutes, and at a temperature of 80°C. Studies by SEM analysis confirmed that by adding 1% PVA, smaller and less agglomerated nanosilica particles can be produced.

The nanoparticles obtained using prior art references are not water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles. Preparation of nano silicon oxide from Sodium Meta Silicate which is already known in the prior art, But the reaction do not involves neem as another reactant in presence of DMSO.
So there is a need for biosynthesis of water soluble nanoparticles of silicon oxide through (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract and DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) solvent. The present invention is an environment-friendly, cost-effective, biocompatible, safe, green approach Biosynthesis of nanoparticles includes synthesis through plants, bacteria, fungi, algae etc. NPs synthesized from biomimetic approach show more catalytic activity and limit the use of expensive and toxic chemicals. These (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract secrete some phytochemicals that act as both reducing agent and capping or stabilization agent. The present invention involves reaction of Sodium Meta Silicate with Azardictchta Indica (neem) results in the Nano particles of silicon oxide.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
The principle object of the present invention is to provide a biosynthesis of water soluble nanoparticles of silicon oxide through (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract and DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) solvent.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an environment-friendly, cost-effective, biocompatible solution for the synthesis of water soluble nanoparticles of silicon oxide using Sodium Meta Silicate and (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract.
Yet another object of the present invention is to show more catalytic activity and limit the use of expensive and toxic chemicals.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
Accordingly, a method of synthesizing water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles using Sodium Meta Silicate is disclosed. The method for synthesizing water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles comprising the steps of
a. Preparing Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution;
b. Heating a 10 mill molar solution of Sodium Meta Silicate at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and
c. Adding the Sodium Meta Silicate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution with each other [colour change (from colourless to light brown colour] to produce the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles. The DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) is used as a solvent and added to the plant part according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtering the solution using Whatman filter paper. The (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract is used as a reducing agent. Water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles have a mean diameter in the range from about 113 to about 133 nm. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Description of drawings:
Fig 1, Shows the flow chart of water soluble NanoSIO2.
Fig 2, Shows the microscopic view at 113 to about 133 nm (nanometer).
Fig 3, Shows the Sample – water soluble Nano silicon oxide
Fig 4, Shows the dual role of the plant extract as a reducing and capping agent and presence of some functional groups was confirmed by FTIR analysis.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH RESPECT TO DRAWINGS:
PREPARATION OF PLANT EXTRACT:
The neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part is washed thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water Then, the neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part is kept for drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle. DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) is added to the neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer. The solution is filtered using Whatman filter paper and the obtained clear solution was used as a plant extract.
BIO-AVAILABILITY OF SI
Absorption of SI in the body is very less and differs with the age of the birds and animal and the sites in the gastrointestinal tract. Even though, the bioavailability of Si in organic sources is higher than that of inorganic Si salts, the use of organic Si chelates in animal and birds diets is limited due to its higher cost. Higher levels of Si excreted from the supplemented birds and animals have raised concerns pertaining to environmental pollution .Thus, this problem opens a window for better bioavailable Si sources and if possible, to reduce the supplemental dose of Si to the animal food. Among all the probable approaches, use of nanotechnology to produce nano sized Si called as nanoSIO2 is a potential alternative to both organic and inorganic Si sources. The use of nanoSIO2 has shown to produce better results as compared with conventional Si sources. Fig 1 shows flow chart of water soluble nano SIO2 in which Incubation period results in a change of color of the mixture to Light Brown which is a visual confirmation of the synthesized NPs . Further, water soluble synthesized Nanoparticles are further characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), & Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Fig 2 shows microscopic view at 113 to about 133 nm (nanometer) in which SEM technique was employed to visualize the size of water soluble SiO2 Nanoparticles. The formation of water soluble SiO2 Nanoparticles as well as their morphological dimensions in the SEM analysis demonstrated that the average size was from 113 to about 133 nm with inter-particle distance.
Fig 4 shows a broad band between 3441 cm−1 is due to the N–H stretching vibration of group NH2 and OH the overlapping of the stretching vibration of attributed for DMSO and plant extract molecules. From FT–IR results, it can be concluded that some of the bioorganics compounds from plant extract formed a strong coating/capping on the Nanoparticles.
Various experiments are carried out in order to select solvent as well as silicon oxide source.
Silicon oxide sources such as silicon chloride, silicon acetate, and Sodium Meta Silicate are used and various solvents such as water, ethanol, acetone, DMSO are used.
Examples Following examples are given by way of illustration therefore should not be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
The following is the experimental data which shows that by the reaction of various silicon oxide sources such as silicon tetra chloride, silicon tetra acetate, and Sodium Meta Silicate and various solvents such as water, ethanol, acetone, and water soluble SiO2 nanoparticles are not obtained. Water soluble SiO2 nanoparticles are obtained only by reacting DMSO and Sodium Meta Silicate.
Example 1:
Using Water and silicon chloride:
Here water is used as a solvent and silicon chloride is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of 20 silicon chloride is heated at a temperature of 35-40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the silicon chloride solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of water according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 2:
Using Water and silicon acetate:
Here water is used as a solvent and silicon acetate is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of silicon acetate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the silicon acetate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of water according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 3:
Using Water and Sodium Meta Silicate:
Here water is used as a solvent and Sodium Meta Silicate solution is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mili molar solution of Sodium Meta Silicate solution is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the Sodium Meta Silicate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other. [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred]. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of water according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 4:
Using Ethanol and silicon chloride:
Here Ethanol is used as a solvent and silicon chloride is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of silicon chloride is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the silicon chloride solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred.
The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of ethanol according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 5:
Using Ethanol and silicon acetate:
Here water is used as a solvent and silicon acetate is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of silicon acetate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the silicon acetate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of ethanol according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 6:
Using Ethanol and Sodium Meta Silicate :
Here Ethanol is used as a solvent and Sodium Meta silicate solution is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of Sodium Meta Silicate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the Sodium Meta Silicate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other. [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred]. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of ethanol according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 7:
Using acetone and silicon chloride:
Here acetone is used as a solvent and silicon chloride is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of silicon chloride is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer; and the silicon chloride solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of acetone according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 8:
Using acetone and Sodium Meta Silicate :
Here acetone is used as a solvent and Sodium Meta Silicate solution is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of Sodium Meta Silicate is heated at a 20 temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the Sodium Meta Silicate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other. [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred]. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of acetone according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 9:
Using acetone and silicon acetate:
Here acetone is used as a solvent and silicon acetate is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of silicon acetate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the silicon acetate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [No colour change and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of acetone according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 10:
DMSO and silicon acetate:
Here DMSO is used as a solvent and silicon acetate solution is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of silicon acetate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the silicon acetate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [no colour change occurs and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Here only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 11:
DMSO and silicon chloride:
Here DMSO is used as a solvent and silicon chloride solution is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of silicon chloride is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the silicon chloride solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [no colour change occurs and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are not obtained. Here only precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
Example 12:
DMSO and Sodium Meta Silicate:
Here DMSO is used as a solvent and Sodium Meta silicate solution is used as a silicon oxide ion source. First Neem (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared and a 10 mill molar solution of Sodium Meta Silicate is heated at a temperature of 35- 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and the Sodium Meta Silicate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution are added with each other [colour change from colourless to brown colour occurs and the water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles are obtained. Here no precipitation is occurred. The said (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the (Azadirachta Indica) leaf plant part thoroughly in running tap water and sterilized using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and then crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) according to the desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration. ADVANTAGES OF WATER SOLUBLE NANO SIO2
• Nano particle refer to a particle size of roughly 1 to 100 nm .At this scale the physical, chemical and biological properties of material differ fundamentally and often unexpectedly. These nanomineral particle are having higher potential than their conventional sources and thus reduce the quantity required.
• Use of nano-materials, particularly nano-silica as supplementary cementitious material, in manufacturing of paste, mortar, and concrete offer the potential of producing materials with new and interesting properties, such as enhanced strength and durability properties.

• Silica nanoparticles possess unique advantages as a delivery carrier, including excellent biocomptability, high hydrophobicity, systemic stability and resistance to Ph changes and large multifunctionality, high loading capability and high bioavailability.

, Claims:Claims:
We claim:
1. A method of synthesizing water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles, using DMSO comprising the steps of;
a. Preparing Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution;
b. . Heating a 10 mill molar solution of Sodium Meta Silicate at a temperature of 40 ᵒC in a hot plate stirrer ; and
c. Adding the Sodium Meta Silicate solution and the neem (Azardirachta Indica) leaf plant extract solution with each other [colour change (from colouless to light brown colour] to produce the silicon oxide nanoparticles.
2. The method of synthesizing water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles, using DMSO as claimed in claim 1, wherein the said Neem (Azadirachta Indica ) leaf plant extract solution is prepared by washing the plant part thoroughly in running tap water followed by sterilization using double distilled water followed by drying at room temperature followed by weighing and crushing it using a mortar and pestle followed by addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as per desired concentration and continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer followed by filtration.
3. The method of synthesizing water soluble silicon oxide nanoparticles, using DMSO as claimed in claim 1, wherein said silicon oxide nanoparticles have a mean diameter in the range from about 113 to about 133 nm

Place : Hyderabad For, Biofac Inputs Private Limited. Date : 20/04/2023 Agent of the applicant
Pallavi unmesh deshmukh