The present disclosure relates to the field of water treatment. In particular, the present disclosure provides a method for synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles for waste water treatment.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present disclosure. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed disclosure, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art. [0003] The large scale purification of waste water from industry, which is contaminated with non-biodegradable elements, often face abundant technical and economic problems, and is a critical social issue. Some chemical treatment randomly suggested by several scientific community for large scale applications, however, creates other types of pollutions.
[0004] The removal of such toxic elements and compounds is a challenging task. Various remediation technologies have been developed for the removal of pollutants including toxic heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, fertilizers, organic acids, and halogenated and phenolic compounds, among others. These major issues of conventional chemical treatments for removing toxic materials are expensive and may cause health concerns and ecological allegations.
[0005] Additionally, the water evaporation and then condensation are also other methods to avoid the pollutant materials, although, it consumes lots of energy and time and highly depending on the environmental conditions. [0006] Moreover, in conventional cases, permanent magnets are used and specified on the cylindrical surfaces, which have fixed on the surface of pollutant water. To capture the multi-pollutant particles some functionalized nano-magnetic particles are dispersed into waste water and recollected by magnetic drum and separated by specific arrangements, whereas the magnetic fields are restricted up to certain distance. Undeniably, some pollutant particles are heavy and flocculated and

coagulated at the deep from surface. Therefore, the efficiency of present existed methodology is limited area and in depth of waste water.
[0007] There is, therefore, a need in the art to provide an effective solution to overcome the above mentioned limitations, for efficient treatment of waste water.
OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0008] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one
embodiment herein satisfies are as listed herein below.
[0009] It is an object of the present disclosure a method that is cost effective
and easy for the mass production.
[0010] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a method for removal
of inorganic and organic pollutants.
[0011] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a method providing
high adsorption rate of hazardous pollutants.
[0012] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a method for reduction
in the toxicity of different pollutants by altering their oxidation state by providing
modifiable reactive surface.
[0013] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a method for facile
removal of adsorbed pollutants from the surface of nanomaterials.
SUMMARY
[0014] Aspects of the present disclosure relates to the field of water treatment. In particular, the present disclosure provides a method for synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles for waste water treatment.
[0015] According to an aspect, the present disclosure discloses a method for synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles, the method comprises: adding, in water, ethylene glycol and melamine in a pre-defined ratio; stirring, the ethylene glycol and melamine added in the water, for a first pre-defined time-period and at a first pre-defined speed, and correspondingly a gel is formed; heating the formed gel at a second pre-defined temperature for a second pre-defined time-period, which results

in production of solid particles; and grinding the produced solid particles for
synthesizing fine magnetic nanoparticles.
[0016] In an aspect, the method comprises storing the synthesized magnetic
nanoparticles in a silica gel.
[0017] In an aspect, the silica gel may be prepared from rice husk by alkaline
treatment.
[0018] In an aspect, the water is de-ionized (DI) water.
[0019] In an aspect, a metal precursor is added in the water along with ethylene
glycol and melamine, wherein the metal precursor acts as a catalyst in the
synthesization of magnetic nanoparticles.
[0020] In an aspect, the method comprises dispersing the synthesized magnetic
nanoparticles in waste water, wherein the dispersed magnetic nanoparticles easily
bind with pollutants in the waste water.
[0021] In an aspect, ultraviolet vibrations may be applied to the waste water in
order to maintain dispersion of the pollutants.
[0022] In an aspect, the magnetic nanoparticles bound with pollutants, may be
later on collected by moveable magnetic drum.
[0023] In an aspect, the pollutants may be segregated by demagnetizing the
magnetic drum, and wherein the magnetic nanoparticles may be reused.
[0024] In an aspect, electric power, required by the magnetic drum and for
generation of the ultraviolet vibrations, may be derived from solar panel.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
[0025] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
[0026] The diagrams described herein are for illustration only, which thus are not limitations of the present disclosure, and wherein:

[0027] FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram representing sythesization of magnetic nanoparticles for treatment of waste water, to illustrate its overall working, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart depicting the proposed method, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in
order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention
may be practiced without some of these specific details.
[0030] If the specification states a component or feature "may", "can", "could",
or "might" be included or have a characteristic, that particular component or feature
is not required to be included or have the characteristic.
[0031] As used herein the description and throughout the claims that follow,
the meaning of "a," "an," and "the" includes plural reference unless the context
clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of
"in" includes "in" and "on" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0032] While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and
described in the accompanying drawings, the embodiments are offered only in as
much detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure and are not intended to limit
the numerous equivalents, changes, variations, substitutions and modifications
falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the
appended claims.
[0033] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of water
treatment. In particular, the present disclosure provides a method for synthesizing
magnetic nanoparticles for waste water treatment.
[0034] According to an embodiment, the present disclosure discloses a method
for synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles, the method comprises: adding, in water,
ethylene glycol and melamine in a pre-defined ratio; stirring, the ethylene glycol
and melamine added in the water, for a first pre-defined time-period and at a first

pre-defined speed, and correspondingly a gel is formed; heating the formed gel at a
second pre-defined temperature for a second pre-defined time-period, which results
in production of solid particles; and grinding the produced solid particles for
synthesizing fine magnetic nanoparticles.
[0035] In an embodiment, the method can include storing the synthesized
magnetic nanoparticles in a silica gel.
[0036] In an embodiment, the silica gel can be prepared from rice husk by
alkaline treatment.
[0037] In an embodiment, the water is de-ionized (DI) water.
[0038] In an embodiment, a metal precursor can be added in the water along
with ethylene glycol and melamine, wherein the metal precursor acts as a catalyst
in the synthesization of magnetic nanoparticles.
[0039] In an embodiment, the method can include dispersing the synthesized
magnetic nanoparticles in waste water, wherein the dispersed magnetic
nanoparticles easily bind with pollutants in the waste water.
[0040] In an embodiment, ultraviolet vibrations can be applied to the waste
water in order to maintain dispersion of the pollutants.
[0041] In an embodiment, the magnetic nanoparticles bound with pollutants,
can be later on collected by moveable magnetic drum.
[0042] In an embodiment, pollutants can be segregated by demagnetizing the
magnetic drum, and wherein the magnetic nanoparticles can be reused.
[0043] In an embodiment, electric power, required by the magnetic drum and
for generation of the ultraviolet vibrations, can be derived from solar panel.
[0044] FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram representing sythesization of magnetic
nanoparticles for treatment of waste water, to illustrate its overall working, in
accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0045] Adsorption technique has been the most effective, simplest,
economical, less time consuming, environmental friendly for waste water treatment
and it also offers high performance. Different types of natural as well as synthetic
adsorbents such as clay, mineral oxides, rice husk, fly ash, meso porous materials,
nano materials, and the likes, can remove pollutants from water. The technique can

be widely used to remove different types of metal ions from the tainted aqueous system at industrial level. Moreover, pollutants, present in the waste water, can be captured by an adsorbent, which could be functionalized on the surface of magnetic particles.
[0046] In an embodiment, according to variant of pollutants the adsorbents (pollutant capturing functional groups) could be attached on the surfaced of magnetic particles. In an implementation, various functional magnetic nanoparticles 106 can be used for removal of specific pollutants from water. [0047] In an embodiment, the present disclosure proposes a method to remove multiple pollutants from the waste water by applying various functionalized magnetic nanoparticles 106. Therefore, strong induced magnetized nanoparticles, which can be easy to functionalize are highly required. Further, the present disclosure emphasizes on the unique technique to prepared effective magnetic nanoparticles 104 with high structural stability and chemical stability. [0048] In an embodiment, the method is a surface modification method, and includes applications of different ferrites and their surface modified composites as adsorbent for treatment of organic and inorganic pollutants from the waste water. [0049] In one embodiment, the magnetic nanoparticles 104 are prepared in different chemical environment such as melamine and ethylene glycol combination. In other embodiment, total synthesis is carried out at lower temperature bellow 200°C, and is a one-step method, which can prove to be quite beneficiary with respect to energy and time consumption.
[0050] In another embodiment, during the synthesis, magnetic nanoparticles 104 can be coated with carbon-nitrogen compounds which offers unique chemical resistance, isolated from other magnetic nanoparticles and simultaneously it is easy to functionalize the magnetic nanoparticles by other elements. [0051] In an embodiment, the proposed technique is cost effective and easy for the mass production of magnetic nanoparticles. Moreover, said magnetic materials can be reused and recycled for multiple times, and also multi-disciplinary functional groups can be functionalized on surface of the magnetic nanoparticles.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, on dispersing a magnetic soap bar in a supernatant polluted mixture, several functional groups can capture malevolent molecules from the polluted mixture. On applying electromagnetic field (EMF), the magnetic nanoparticles can bounce back to the rotating magnetic bar, resulting in removal of the malevolent molecules. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticles can be stored in silica gel 112, which can easily disperse in the water. In another exemplary embodiment, the silica gel 112 can be prepared from rice husk by alkaline treatment, which is further followed by neutralization. In an implementation, silica soap 108 can be prepared using synthesized functionalized magnetic nanoparticles and a neutralized silica gel 112.
[0053] According to an aspect, specific magnetic nanoparticles 104 can be synthesized by sol-gel method where ethylene glycol, melamine and metal precursor, including Cobalt and Nickel salts 102, can be added in deionized (DI) -water. Then, the water, including ethylene glycol, melamine and metal precursor, can be stirred until formation of gel, and further it can be heated, and hence, resulting particles can be prepared.
[0054] In an embodiment, for the further functionalization, said heated particles can be grinded into fine powder, which can be used for different functionalization. Moreover, distinct functionalized magnetic nanoparticles 106 can be stored in the silica gel 112, which can be prepared from rice husk 110 by alkaline treatment and finally can be neutralized. The functionalized magnetic materials can be stored in silicon network, as shown in 108, for long time without changing chemical properties.
[0055] In an embodiment, by applying ultrasonic vibrations inside the waste water, coagulation and flocculation of pollutant particles can be prevented and dispersion of the pollutant particles can be maintained. Therefore, dispersed functionalized nanoparticles can easily bind with the pollutant particles, which can be later on collected through a moveable magnetic drum. At some distance away from waste water container, the magnetic drum can be demagnetized, thereby, captured/ adsorbed pollutant particles can be collected.

[0056] In another embodiment, after removal of the pollutant particles from the surface of magnetic nanoparticles, the magnetic nanoparticles can be reused. [0057] In an embodiment, total electric power and current, required for generating a pre-determined EMF, can be collected from a solar panel, therefore no extra energy consumption is required for the treatment of waste water. [0058] FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart depicting the proposed method, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0059] In an embodiment, the proposed method 200 can include adding, at block 202, ethylene glycol and melamine in a pre-defined ratio in water, and stirring, at block 204, the ethylene glycol and melamine added in the water, for a first pre-defined time-period and at a first pre-defined speed, and correspondingly a gel is formed. In an exemplary embodiment, the water can be de-ionized (DI) water.
[0060] In an embodiment, the proposed method 200 can include heating, at block 206, the formed gel at a second pre-defined temperature for a second pre¬defined time-period, which results in production of solid particles. [0061] In an embodiment, the proposed method 200 can include grinding, at block 208, the produced solid particles for synthesizing fine magnetic nanoparticles.
[0062] In one embodiment, the proposed method 200 can include storing the synthesized magnetic nanoparticles in a silica gel, where the silica gel can be prepared from rice husk by alkaline treatment.
[0063] In other embodiment, a metal precursor can be added in the water along with ethylene glycol and melamine, wherein the metal precursor can act as a catalyst in the synthesization of magnetic nanoparticles.
[0064] In another embodiment, the method can include dispersing the synthesized magnetic nanoparticles in waste water, wherein the dispersed magnetic nanoparticles can easily bind with pollutants in the waste water. [0065] In a first embodiment, ultraviolet vibrations can be applied to the waste water in order to maintain dispersion of the pollutants, wherein the magnetic

nanoparticles bound with pollutants, can be later on collected by a moveable
magnetic drum.
[0066] In one embodiment, the pollutants can be segregated by demagnetizing
the magnetic drum, and further the magnetic nanoparticles can be reused.
[0067] In other embodiment, electric power, required by the magnetic drum
and for generation of the ultraviolet vibrations, can be derived from solar panel.
[0068] In an implementation, the proposed method can be used for -
(1) Removal of inorganic and organic pollutants
(2) High adsorption rate of hazardous pollutants
(3) Reduction in the toxicity of different pollutants by altering their oxidation state
(4) Providing modifiable reactive surface
(5) Facile removal of adsorbed pollutants from the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles
(6) Cost effectiveness and reusability
[0069] As used herein, and unless the context dictates otherwise, the term "coupled to" is intended to include both direct coupling (in which two elements that are coupled to each other contact each other) and indirect coupling (in which at least one additional element is located between the two elements). Therefore, the terms "coupled to" and "coupled with" are used synonymously. Within the context of this document terms "coupled to" and "coupled with" are also used euphemistically to mean "communicatively coupled with" over a network, where two or more devices are able to exchange data with each other over the network, possibly via one or more intermediary device.
[0070] The terms, descriptions and figures used herein are set forth by way of illustration only. Many variations are possible within the spirit and scope of the subject matter, which is intended to be defined by the following claims and their equivalents in which all terms are meant in their broadest reasonable sense unless otherwise indicated.
[0071] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing

from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
[0072] The present disclosure provides a method that is cost effective and easy
for the mass production.
[0073] The present disclosure provides a method for removal of inorganic and
organic pollutants.
[0074] The present disclosure provides a method providing high adsorption rate
of hazardous pollutants.
[0075] The present disclosure provides a method for reduction in the toxicity
of different pollutants by altering their oxidation state by providing modifiable
reactive surface.
[0076] The present disclosure provides a method for facile removal of adsorbed
pollutants from the surface of nanomaterials.

We Claim:

1. A method for synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles, the method comprises:
adding, in water, ethylene glycol and melamine in a pre-defined ratio;
stirring, the ethylene glycol and melamine added in the water, for a first pre-defined time-period and at a first pre-defined speed, and correspondingly a gel is formed;
heating the formed gel at a second pre-defined temperature for a second pre-defined time-period, which results in production of solid particles; and
grinding the produced solid particles for synthesizing fine magnetic nanoparticles.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises storing the synthesized magnetic nanoparticles in a silica gel.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the silica gel is prepared from rice husk by alkaline treatment.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water is de-ionized (DI) water.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a metal precursor is added in the water along with ethylene glycol and melamine, wherein the metal precursor acts as a catalyst in the synthesization of magnetic nanoparticles.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises dispersing the synthesized magnetic nanoparticles in waste water, wherein the dispersed magnetic nanoparticles easily bind with pollutants in the waste water.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein ultraviolet vibrations are applied to the waste water in order to maintain dispersion of the pollutants.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the magnetic nanoparticles bound with pollutants, are later on collected by a moveable magnetic drum.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pollutants are segregated by demagnetizing the magnetic drum, and wherein the magnetic nanoparticles are reused.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein electric power, required by the magnetic drum and for generation of the ultraviolet vibrations, is derived from solar panel.