Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
[001] The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical power distribution systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to electrical power distribution system and/or box for protecting consumers against hazards due to short circuits, fusing of contacts, earth faults, and overloading.

BACKGROUND
[002] Background description includes information that can be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[003] Energy or power can be transmitted and distributed easily and economically in electrical form. In addition, consumption of electrical energy is free from environmental hazards as compared to other forms of energy. Hence, electrical energy or power can beutilized or consumed for nearly all human activities at all possible human habitations. Electric power is typically conveyed from electric power generators to users via a network of transmission and distribution circuits. Electric power is commonly generated as three-phase alternating current (AC) at a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Each phase requires a current-carrying wire, and has voltage and current nominally lagging or leading any other phase by 120 degrees. Power is generated, for example, at 4 kV voltage, stepped up to 128 kV or 750 kV for transmission over long distances, and then stepped down in stages to 4 kV or 33 kV for distribution to various neighbourhoods. Voltage may further be reduced, by pole-mounted or pad mounted transformers, for delivery at 120V and 240V to residential and commercial users within these neighbourhoods.
[004] The consumption of electrical energy follows a set pattern wherein the supplier of energy transmits it to the consumer at a fixed voltage and frequency at a single metering point for billing. The rate of energy consumption is power and for the consumer, the source of power is the metering point. Hereafter the consumer has to set up his or her own distribution system, generally called Distribution Box (DB), which has multiple power outlets to his different utility load points as lights, fans, entertainment gadgets, air-conditioners, kitchen and bathroom equipment etc. Each power outlet of the DB may cater to a collection of utility load points having physical proximity to one another. Further, consumption of electrical energy with its inherent conveniences may not completely free from hazards. The hazards can becaused by loading any outlet beyond its rated capacity to handle power; by a short circuit that bypasses the utility load causing an unlimited free flow of electrical current that may generate enough heat to cause a fire; or by a direct path of electrical current to earth that may cause a shock hazard for user. In any of the above fault conditions, immediate disconnection of the power outlet at the source in the DB is needed to prevent any casualty or fire.
[005] Power distribution systems in current art exist for routing and/or converting AC or DC power to devices or systems in a wide variety of situations, and have been the subject of considerable research and development. A variety of power distribution systems have been developed to power systems and devices in many different applications that vary greatly in voltage, wattage, design and sophistication, depending on the power requirements and other specific requirements of the application.
[006] As individual load points are controlled by easily accessible switches, which may be operated at will by consumers, the DB can be generally placed at central location of the premises of the consumer i.e. close to ceiling height. The outlet controllers in the DB are manually operated and are not easily accessible. The DB outlets may take care of protection against overload, short-circuit or earth fault and trip the power to the outlet at the source point by devices known as Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs). Once the fault has been cleared, resetting can be manual and generally cumbersome owing to the location of the DB, and often there is a need to call for a professional to provide help to consumers. In addition, there is no anticipatory early warning system for the consumer. The outlet MCB may also have a specified capacity to clear a fault and in the event of the fault level exceeding the rated capacity of the MCB, there can be a persistent arcing leading to a possible fire until the main circuit breaker on the supply side is tripped.
[007] Domestic power is generally distributed by MCBs that are assembled in pre-fabricated enclosures. The single-phase supply main comes to such a distribution box through an incoming Double Pole MCB to a bus and is distributed to load clusters through Single Pole MCBs on live line of different ratings. The neutral line from the incoming Double Pole MCB is common to all load clusters and generally form a ring. The single pole MCBs are rated to trip in the event of any overload or short-circuit in its outgoing load cluster. The incoming Double Pole MCB shall trip in the event of any outgoing Single Pole MCB failing to clear the fault current. Additionally, the incoming Double Pole MCB, which carries both the total live and neutral currents, may have a Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) feature. In the event of any earth leakage, the system trips when the current differential between the live and neutral exceeds a preset value
[008] In the event of an earth fault, a DB may have a Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) that can trip the main circuit breaker. Nevertheless, there is no way of identifying the specific outlet that is the cause of the residual current (earth fault) and once again, the lay consumer would need professional help to identify and isolate the fault source in order to restore normal supply to healthy outlets. This problem is further compounded by having what is known as ‘running neutral’ for wiring wherein the neutral conductor is common to all the DB outlets. This sharing of neutral conductor makes it impossible to identify and isolate the outlet having earth fault without prolonged manual trial and error resulting in major distress to the consumer. In addition, the phasor sum of the individual fault currents may add up to a magnitude less than the trip set limit of the RCCB thus bypassing the trip even when the earth fault in a particular outlet exceeds the trip set limit.
[009] Therefore, there is a need in the art to provide a smart distribution box that can enable consumers to monitor power distribution, set his/her own trip limits, and provide with intelligent control from remote places with all necessary safety features against overload, short-circuit, contact fusing and earth faults with immediate and automatic diagnosis of fault locations.
[0010] All publications herein are incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. Where a definition or use of a term in an incorporated reference is inconsistent or contrary to the definition of that term provided herein, the definition of that term provided herein applies and the definition of that term in the reference does not apply.
[0011] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities or dimensions of items, and so forth, used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the invention are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term “about.” Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable. The numerical values presented in some embodiments of the invention may contain certain errors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.
[0012] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0013] Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member can be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. One or more members of a group can be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is herein deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all groups used in the appended claims.

OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0014] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies are as listed herein below.
[0015] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and electrical power distribution box with preventive, safety and test features.
[0016] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide an adaptive system and electrical power distribution box for enabling user to individually calibrate fault levels of outlets for both overload and earth leakage conditions and to save electricity bills.
[0017] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide an automated system and electrical power distribution box without any wastage of power and without any change in hardware components.
[0018] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a smart system and smart electrical power distribution box to prevent occurrence of fire hazards and to reduce load on output side without having any blackout in internal components.
[0019] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a simple system and electrical power distribution box to prevent or eliminate occurrence of fire hazards without causing any damage to internal components of the system and box.
[0020] It is another object of the present disclosure to provide a simple system and electrical power distribution box for enabling self-diagnosis check facility without any hardware interruption and for providing early warning to users or consumers.

SUMMARY
[0021] The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical power distribution systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to system and electrical power distribution box for protecting consumers against hazards due to short circuits, fusing of contacts, earth faults, and overloading.
[0022] This summary is provided to introduce simplified concepts of a system for time bound availability check of an entity, which are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended for use in determining/limiting the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0023] An aspect of the present disclosure pertains to a system for eliminating electrical fire hazards and electrical shock hazards. The system can include an electrical power distribution box having an inlet and at least one outlet, and a control unit having one or more processors and a memory coupled with the one or more processors. The box can include: a main circuit breaker coupled to the inlet of the box; a set of current sensors operatively coupled to the main circuit breaker such that at least one current sensor can be coupled to the at least one outlet to monitor any or a combination of an earth leakage current and a load current at each outlet and detect faults selected from at least one of earth faults and any other overload faults at each outlet, wherein the earth leakage current can be sensed by a circuit built of passive components with a linear fault signal output; and a set of electromagnetic relays that can be coupled to the at least one outlet and can be configured to provide delayed soft start on power supply restoration after power failure in the box. The control unit can be configured to: switch off, upon detection of power failure in the system, using a set of no voltage release (NVR) switches or commands, the set of electromagnetic relays; switch on, upon restoration of power in the system, using the set of NVR commands, the set of electromagnetic relays after a predetermined delay to prevent any sensitive load at the outlet from voltage overshoots and surges; and activate, in an event of contact fusing of any of the set of electromagnetic relays, tripping of the main circuit breaker by implementing simulation of residual currents to eliminate occurrence of fire hazards.
[0024] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to identify whether load at each outlet exceeds a predetermined load range stored in a database operatively coupled to the control unit; switch off the set of electromagnetic relays in an event of overload of any of the at least one outlet; check the flow of electrical current in the overloaded outlet to be stopped; and create, in an event of current persisting after switch off command to any outlet, at least one artificial earth fault and force trip the main circuit breaker.
[0025] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to reconfigure the at least one outlet based on earth leakage sensitivity, wherein the sensitivity is settable between two predetermined limits that takes into account both safety and practicability according to weather and environmental conditions. The sensitivity can be altered in a range of 30 mA to 100 mA.
[0026] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to check auto earth leakage faults and earth leakage current during start-up of each outlet and generation of a strictly linear earth leakage fault signal by sensing passive components of the system.
[0027] In an aspect, the system can include a computing device that can be operatively coupled to the control unit. The computing device can be installed with an application programming interface (API) that can be configured to control the set of electromagnetic relays at the at least one outlet and to enable tripping of the main circuit breaker in an event of the detection of the faults.
[0028] In an aspect, the computing device can be configured to detect early warnings of any arising fault in the electrical power distribution; update the database with the detected early warnings to enable a user to clear the early warnings in advance; allow the user to modify fault settings via the API; and display, on the API, the earth leakage fault signal with limits continuously for each outlet.
[0029] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to: monitor current selected from any or a combination of the load current and the earth leakage current continuously at each outlet; shut off any of the at least one outlet, when the current approaches a predetermined trip level, on a reverse priority basis set by the user to reduce load and avoid black out of the system; and turn on the shut off outlet with a corresponding reduction of load current in remaining of the at least one outlet.
[0030] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to trip faulty outlets based on detection of earth faults in the corresponding outlets.
[0031] In an aspect, the electromagnetic relay can be a handshaking relay.
[0032] In an aspect, the set of current sensors can include any or a combination of load current sensors for overload sensing and residual current sensors for earth leakage sensing.
[0033] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to generate alert signals in events of tripping of the main circuit breaker, occurrence of fire hazards, shutting of the at least one outlet, black out and earth faults.
[0034] Another aspect of the present disclosure pertains to an electrical power distribution box. The box can include: a main circuit breaker coupled to an inlet of the box; a set of current sensors operatively coupled to the main circuit breaker such that at least one current sensor can be coupled to at least one outlet of the box to monitor any or a combination of an earth leakage current and a load current at each outlet and detect faults selected from at least one of earth faults and any other overload faults at each outlet, wherein the earth leakage current can be sensed by a circuit built of passive components with a linear fault signal output; a set of electromagnetic relays that can be coupled to the at least one outlet and can be configured to provide delayed soft start on power supply restoration after power failure; and a control unit having one or more processors and a memory coupled with the one or more processors. The control unit can be configured to: switch off, upon detection of power failure in the system, using a set of no voltage release (NVR) switches or commands, the set of electromagnetic relays; switch on, upon restoration of power in the system, using the set of NVR commands, the set of electromagnetic relays after a predetermined delay to prevent any sensitive load at the outlet from voltage overshoots and surges; and activate, in an event of contact fusing of any of the set of electromagnetic relays, tripping of the main circuit breaker by implementing simulation of residual currents to eliminate occurrence of fire hazards.
[0035] In an aspect, the box can include an option of total local manual control in an event of any failure of an automatic remote control with above-mentioned features, wherein a remote/local selector switch, in a predefined local setting, can be configured to bypass all auto features. Each outlet can include a changeover MCB with a local setting and a remote setting such that in the remote setting, power to the outlet can be routed through the set of electromagnetic relays to enable the automatic remote control, and wherein in the local setting, the load can be controlled by overload trip characteristics of the MCB at each outlet in the local mode. Aresidual current circuit breaker (RCCB) of the incoming MCB can provide for a common earth fault trip. Hence,a user can havea clear option of setting the control mode of each outlet by selecting a predefined position of the changeover MCB in the corresponding outlet.
[0036] Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] The diagrams are for illustration only, which thus is not a limitation of the present disclosure, and wherein:
[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of a system for eliminating fire hazards, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0039] FIG. 2A illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of an electrical power distribution box, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0040] FIG. 2B illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of the box of FIG. 2A in communication with other components, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary representation of earth fault sensing, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary representation of the distribution box (DB) of FIG. 2A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0043] FIG. 5 illustrates a general assembly representation of interior layout with power and control schematic of the DB of FIG. 2A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0044] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary signal flow representation of smart DB of FIG. 2A, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0045] FIG. 7A illustrates an exemplary plot of typical load-time curve, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIG. 7B illustrates an exemplary plot of typical real-time output of the load status on an outlet as appearing on the smart phone app of the consumer, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary flow diagram representation of an outlet control, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0048] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0049] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details.
[0050] Embodiments of the present invention include various steps, which will be described below. The steps may be performed by hardware components or may be embodied in machine-executable instructions, which may be used to cause a general-purpose or special-purpose processor programmed with the instructions to perform the steps. Alternatively, steps may be performed by a combination of hardware, software, and firmware and/or by human operators.
[0051] Various methods described herein may be practiced by combining one or more machine-readable storage media containing the code according to the present invention with appropriate standard computer hardware to execute the code contained therein. An apparatus for practicing various embodiments of the present invention may involve one or more computers (or one or more processors within a single computer) and storage systems containing or having network access to computer program(s) coded in accordance with various methods described herein, and the method steps of the invention could be accomplished by modules, routines, subroutines, or subparts of a computer program product.
[0052] If the specification states a component or feature “may”, “can”, “could”, or “might” be included or have a characteristic, that particular component or feature is not required to be included or have the characteristic.
[0053] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0054] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments are shown. These exemplary embodiments are provided only for illustrative purposes and so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. The invention disclosed may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Various modifications will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Moreover, all statements herein reciting embodiments of the invention, as well as specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass both structural and functional equivalents thereof. Additionally, it is intended that such equivalents include both currently known equivalents as well as equivalents developed in the future (i.e., any elements developed that perform the same function, regardless of structure). Also, the terminology and phraseology used is for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments and should not be considered limiting. Thus, the present invention is to be accorded the widest scope encompassing numerous alternatives, modifications and equivalents consistent with the principles and features disclosed. For purpose of clarity, details relating to technical material that is known in the technical fields related to the invention have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
[0055] Thus, for example, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the diagrams, schematics, illustrations, and the like represent conceptual views or processes illustrating systems and methods embodying this invention. The functions of the various elements shown in the figures may be provided through the use of dedicated hardware as well as hardware capable of executing associated software. Similarly, any switches shown in the figures are conceptual only. Their function may be carried out through the operation of program logic, through dedicated logic, through the interaction of program control and dedicated logic, or even manually, the particular technique being selectable by the entity implementing this invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art further understand that the exemplary hardware, software, processes, methods, and/or operating systems described herein are for illustrative purposes and, thus, are not intended to be limited to any particular named element.
[0056] Embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a computer program product, which may include a machine-readable storage medium tangibly embodying thereon instructions, which may be used to program a computer (or other electronic devices) to perform a process. The term “machine-readable storage medium” or “computer-readable storage medium” includes, but is not limited to, fixed (hard) drives, magnetic tape, floppy diskettes, optical disks, compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROMs), and magneto-optical disks, semiconductor memories, such as ROMs, PROMs, random access memories (RAMs), programmable read-only memories (PROMs), erasable PROMs (EPROMs), electrically erasable PROMs (EEPROMs), flash memory, magnetic or optical cards, or other type of media/machine-readable medium suitable for storing electronic instructions (e.g., computer programming code, such as software or firmware).A machine-readable medium may include a non-transitory medium in which data may be stored and that does not include carrier waves and/or transitory electronic signals propagating wirelessly or over wired connections. Examples of a non-transitory medium may include, but are not limited to, a magnetic disk or tape, optical storage media such as compact disk (CD) or digital versatile disk (DVD), flash memory, memory or memory devices. A computer-program product may include code and/or machine-executable instructions that may represent a procedure, a function, a subprogram, a program, a routine, a subroutine, a module, a software package, a class, or any combination of instructions, data structures, or program statements. A code segment may be coupled to another code segment or a hardware circuit by passing and/or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents. Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc. may be passed, forwarded, or transmitted via any suitable means including memory sharing, message passing, token passing, network transmission, etc.
[0057] Furthermore, embodiments may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, firmware, middleware or microcode, the program code or code segments to perform the necessary tasks (e.g., a computer-program product) may be stored in a machine-readable medium. A processor(s) may perform the necessary tasks.
[0058] Systems depicted in some of the figures may be provided in various configurations. In some embodiments, the systems may be configured as a distributed system where one or more components of the system are distributed across one or more networks in a cloud computing system.
[0059] Each of the appended claims defines a separate invention, which for infringement purposes is recognized as including equivalents to the various elements or limitations specified in the claims. Depending on the context, all references below to the "invention" may in some cases refer to certain specific embodiments only. In other cases, it will be recognized that references to the "invention" will refer to subject matter recited in one or more, but not necessarily all, of the claims.
[0060] All methods described herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.
[0061] Various terms as used herein are shown below. To the extent a term used in a claim is not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.
[0062] The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical power distribution systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to system and electrical power distribution box for protecting consumers against hazards due to short circuits, fusing of contacts, earth faults, and overloading.
[0063] An aspect of the present disclosure pertains to a system for eliminating electrical fire hazards and electrical shock hazards. The system can include an electrical power distribution box having an inlet and at least one outlet, and a control unit having one or more processors and a memory coupled with the one or more processors. The box can include: a main circuit breaker coupled to the inlet of the box; a set of current sensors operatively coupled to the main circuit breaker such that at least one current sensor can be coupled to the at least one outlet to monitor any or a combination of an earth leakage current and a load current at each outlet and detect faults selected from at least one of earth faults and any other overload faults at each outlet, wherein the earth leakage current can be sensed by a circuit built of passive components with a linear fault signal output; and a set of electromagnetic relays that can be coupled to the at least one outlet and can be configured to provide delayed soft start on power supply restoration after power failure in the box. The control unit can be configured to: switch off, upon detection of power failure in the system, using a set of no voltage release (NVR) switches or commands, the set of electromagnetic relays; switch on, upon restoration of power in the system, using the set of NVR commands, the set of electromagnetic relays after a predetermined delay to prevent any sensitive load at the outlet from voltage overshoots and surges; and activate, in an event of contact fusing of any of the set of electromagnetic relays, tripping of the main circuit breaker by implementing simulation of residual currents to eliminate occurrence of fire hazards.
[0064] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to identify whether load at each outlet exceeds a predetermined load range stored in a database operatively coupled to the control unit; switch off the set of electromagnetic relays in an event of overload of any of the at least one outlet; check the flow of electrical current in the overloaded outlet to be stopped; and create, in an event of current persisting after switch off command to any outlet, at least one artificial earth fault and force trip the main circuit breaker.
[0065] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to reconfigure the at least one outlet based on earth leakage sensitivity, wherein the sensitivity can be adjusted between predetermined two limits that takes into account both safety and practicability according to weather and environmental conditions. For example, the sensitivity can be altered in a range of 30 mA to 100 mA.
[0066] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to check auto earth leakage faults and earth leakage current during start-up of each outlet and generation of a strictly linear earth leakage fault signal by sensing passive components of the system.
[0067] In an aspect, the system can include a computing device that can be operatively coupled to the control unit. The computing device can be installed with an application programming interface (API) that can be configured to control the set of electromagnetic relays at the at least one outlet and to enable tripping of the main circuit breaker in an event of the detection of the faults.
[0068] In an aspect, the computing device can be configured to detect early warnings of any arising fault in the electrical power distribution; update the database with the detected early warnings to enable a user to clear the early warnings in advance; allow the user to modify fault settings via the API; and display, on the API, the earth leakage fault signal with limits continuously for each outlet.
[0069] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to: monitor current selected from any or a combination of the load current and the earth leakage current continuously at each outlet; shut off any of the at least one outlet, when the current approaches a predetermined trip level, on a reverse priority basis set by the user to reduce load and avoid black out of the system; and turn on the shut off outlet with a corresponding reduction of load current in remaining of the at least one outlet.
[0070] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to trip faulty outlets based on detection of earth faults in the corresponding outlets.
[0071] In an aspect, the electromagnetic relay can be a handshaking relay.
[0072] In an aspect, the set of current sensors can include any or a combination of load current sensors for overload sensing and residual current sensors for earth leakage sensing.
[0073] In an aspect, the control unit can be configured to generate alert signals in events of tripping of the main circuit breaker, occurrence of fire hazards, shutting of the at least one outlet, black out and earth faults.
[0074] Another aspect of the present disclosure pertains to an electrical power distribution box. The box can include: a main circuit breaker coupled to an inlet of the box; a set of current sensors operatively coupled to the main circuit breaker such that at least one current sensor can be coupled to at least one outlet of the box to monitor any or a combination of an earth leakage current and a load current at each outlet and detect faults selected from at least one of earth faults and any other overload faults at each outlet, wherein the earth leakage current can be sensed by a circuit built of passive components with a linear fault signal output; a set of electromagnetic relays that can be coupled to the at least one outlet and can be configured to provide delayed soft start on power supply restoration after power failure; and a control unit having one or more processors and a memory coupled with the one or more processors. The control unit can be configured to: switch off, upon detection of power failure in the system, using a set of no voltage release (NVR) switches or commands, the set of electromagnetic relays; switch on, upon restoration of power in the system, using the set of NVR commands, the set of electromagnetic relays after a predetermined delay to prevent any sensitive load at the outlet from voltage overshoots and surges; and activate, in an event of contact fusing of any of the set of electromagnetic relays, tripping of the main circuit breaker by implementing simulation of residual currents to eliminate occurrence of fire hazards.
[0075] In an aspect, the box can include an option of total local manual control in an event of any failure of an automatic remote control with above-mentioned features, wherein a remote/local selector switch, in a predefined local setting, can be configured to bypass all auto features. Each outlet can include a changeover MCB with a local setting and a remote setting such that in the remote setting, power to the outlet can be routed through the set of electromagnetic relays 206 to enable the automatic remote control, and wherein in the local setting, the load can be controlled by overload trip characteristics of the MCB at each outlet in the local mode. A residual current circuit breaker (RCCB) of the incoming MCB can provide for a common earth fault trip. Hence, a user can have a clear option of setting the control mode of each outlet by selecting a predefined position of the changeover MCB in the corresponding outlet.
[0076] According to an embodiment, the system 100 can include one or more processor(s) 102. The one or more processor(s) 102 can be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, logic circuitries, and/or any devices that manipulate data based on operational instructions. Among other capabilities, the one or more processor(s) 102 are configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory 104 of the system 100. The memory 104 can store one or more computer-readable instructions or routines, which can be fetched and executed to create or share the data units over a network service. The memory 104 can include any non-transitory storage device including, for example, volatile memory such as RAM, or non-volatile memory such as EPROM, flash memory, and the like.
[0077] Various components /units of the proposed system 100 can be implemented as a combination of hardware and programming (for example, programmable instructions) to implement their one or more functionalities as elaborated further themselves or using processors 102. In examples described herein, such combinations of hardware and programming can be implemented in several different ways. For example, the programming for the units can be processor executable instructions stored on a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and the hardware for units can include a processing resource (for example, one or more processors), to execute such instructions. In the present examples, the machine-readable storage medium can store instructions that, when executed by the processing resource, implements the various units. In such examples, the system 100 can include the machine-readable storage medium storing the instructions and the processing resource to execute the instructions, or the machine-readable storage medium can be separate but accessible to the system 100 and the processing resource. In other examples, the units can be implemented by electronic circuitry. A database 118 can include data that is either stored or generated as a result of functionalities implemented by any of the other components /units of the proposed system 100.
[0078] In an embodiment, the system 100 can include: an electrical power distribution box 108 having an inlet and at least one outlet; and a control unit 106 having one or more processors 102 and memory 104 coupled with the one or more processors 102.
[0079] In an embodiment, the box 108 can include: a main circuit breaker 110 that can be coupled to the inlet of the box 108; and a set of current sensors 112 that can be operatively coupled to the main circuit breaker 110 such that at least one current sensor from the set of current sensors 112 can be coupled to the at least one outlet to monitor any or a combination of an earth leakage current and a load current at each outlet and detect faults selected from at least one of earth faults and any other overload faults at each outlet, wherein the earth leakage current can be sensed by a circuit built of passive components with a linear fault signal output.
[0080] In an embodiment, the box 108 can include a set of electromagnetic relays 114 that can be coupled to the at least one outlet and are configured to provide delayed soft start on power supply restoration after power failure in the system 100.
[0081] In an embodiment, the control unit 106 can be configured to: switch off, upon detection of power failure in the system 100, using a set of no voltage release (NVR) switches or commands 116, the set of electromagnetic relays 114; switch on, upon restoration of power in the system 100, using the set of NVR switches 116, the set of electromagnetic relays 114 after a predetermined delay to prevent any sensitive load at the outlet from voltage overshoots and surges; and activate, in an event of contact fusing of any of the set of electromagnetic relays 114, tripping of the main circuit breaker 110 by implementing simulation of residual currents to eliminate occurrence of fire hazards.
[0082] In an embodiment, the control unit 106 can be configured to: identify whether load at each outlet exceeds a predetermined load range stored in the database 118 operatively coupled to the control unit 106; switch off the set of electromagnetic relays 114 in an event of overload of any of the at least one outlet; check the flow of electrical current in the overloaded outlet to be stopped; and create, in an event of current persisting after switch off command to any outlet, at least one artificial earth fault and force trip the main circuit breaker 110.
[0083] In an embodiment, the control unit 106 can be configured to reconfigure the at least one outlet based on earth leakage sensitivity, wherein the sensitivity can be adjusted between two predetermined limits that can take into account both safety and practicability according to weather and environmental conditions.
[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, the sensitivity can be altered in a range of 30 mA to 100 mA.
[0085] In an embodiment, the control unit 106 can be configured to check auto earth leakage faults and earth leakage current during start-up of each outlet and generation of a strictly linear earth leakage fault signal by sensing passive components of the system 100.
[0086] In an embodiment, the system 100 can include a computing device 120 that can be operatively coupled to the control unit 106. The computing device 120 can be installed with an application programming interface (API) and configured to control the set of electromagnetic relays 114 at the at least one outlet and to enable tripping of the main circuit breaker 110 in an event of the detection of the faults.
[0087] In an embodiment, the computing device 120 can be configured to detect early warnings of any arising fault in the electrical power distribution; update the database 118with the detected early warnings to enable a user to clear the early warnings in advance; allow the user to modify fault settings via the API; and display, on the API, the earth leakage fault signal with limits continuously for each outlet.
[0088] In an embodiment, the control unit 106 can be configured to: monitor current selected from any or a combination of the load current and the earth leakage current continuously at each outlet; shut off any of the at least one outlet, when the current approaches a predetermined trip level, on a reverse priority basis set by the user to reduce load and avoid black out of the system 100; and turn on the shut off outlet with a corresponding reduction of load current in remaining of the at least one outlet.
[0089] In an embodiment, the control unit 106 can be configured to trip faulty outlets based on detection of earth faults in the corresponding outlets.
[0090] In an embodiment, the electromagnetic relay can be a handshaking relay.
[0091] In an embodiment, the set of current sensors 112 can include any or a combination of load current sensors for overload sensing and residual current sensors for earth leakage sensing.
[0092] In an embodiment, the control unit can be configured to generate alert signals in events of tripping of the main circuit breaker 110, occurrence of fire hazards, shutting of the at least one outlet, black out and earth faults.
[0093] In an embodiment, the system 100 can include a control and communication hardware with a DC power supply.
[0094] In an exemplary embodiment, the box 108 can be a wall-mounted dust-vermin-drip proof powder-coated sheet steel box enclosure with terminals for incoming and outgoing connections with rear cable entry.
[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the set of electromagnetic relays 114 can be controlled remotely by the computing device 120 (such as smart phone etc.), and the set of electromagnetic relays 114 can have handshaking mode of control. There can be local or remote selection option on a panel on the box 108 with push buttons for each outlet for providing manual control.
[0096] In an event of any overload as diagnosed by pre-defined load-time curves, the control unit 106 can trip any faulty outlet immediately and can send notification or alert signals to consumers via API after identifying fault location (i.e. electrical appliances connected to faulty outlets). After the fault has been cleared, the consumer can switch on the outlet from remote control. The load-time trip curve can be redefined by the consumer in an event of any change in load distribution.
[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the main circuit breaker 110 can be reset manually. The fault level of each of the outlets can take care of both overload and earth leakage, either locally or remotely.
[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, the system 100 can enable users to individually set, bypass or self-calibrate fault level of each of the outlets, without any change in the hardware of the system 100.
[0099] In an exemplary embodiment, the residual or earth leakage current sensors can include an earth leakage sensing circuit that can be configured to generate a linear voltage without any external power supply and by using only passive components. The system 100 can also include a fault detection unit that can include a single ring of magnetically permeable material wound with desired number of turns through which flows the ingress and egress of the currents. Any difference in the outflow and inflow of the current generates an induced linear voltage, which in turn is fed to processor 102 for necessary corrective measures. Passive components can include a plurality of diodes and resistance(s), which help in defining quantum of earth fault currents.
[00100] In an exemplary embodiment, each outlet can have its own neutral conductor enabling immediate identification of a location of any earth fault using a suitable current transformer terminated in a passive electronic circuit to provide a stable, linear and calibrated voltage that is proportional to the prescribed range of earth fault current with the trip limit individually set from the API by the consumer or user, and displayed upon customer’s choice in a display interface of the computing device 120. A fault in any outlet can isolate that, leaving the healthy outlets intact.
[00101] In an exemplary embodiment, the load on each outlet is continuously displayed as percent of rated full load on the API of the computing device 120, and the consumer has an early warning feature for any fault exceeding the predetermined safety limit, which may be adjusted to suit any redistribution of load without any change of hardware. The fault correction can be first confined to a specific faulty outlet with the consumer alerted of the location of the fault on the API. In an event of persisting after this trip action, the system 100 can be configured to promptly trip the incoming main circuit breaker 110by a simulated residual current or other electrical means, which can prevent damage caused by malfunctioning or fusing of contacts provided at the outlets as these can result in fire disaster. Faults cleared at the faulty outlet may be remote-reset from the API (or any other software application installed on the computing device 120). Faults can cause trip of main circuit breaker 110 that may have to be reset manually. In case, when the total load drawn from the main circuit breaker 110 reaches a danger level to actuate a total trip, the system 100canautomatically start reducing load on a reverse priority basis of the outlets as defined by the user to avoid a total blackout.
[00102] FIG. 2A illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of an electrical power distribution box, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[00103] FIG. 2B illustrates an exemplary block diagram representation of the box of FIG. 2A in communication with other components, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[00104] According to an embodiment, the electrical power distribution box 200 can include a main circuit breaker 202 that can be coupled to an inlet of the box 200; and a set of current sensors 204 that can be operatively coupled to the main circuit breaker 202such that at least one current sensor can be coupled to at least one outlet of the box 200 to monitor any or a combination of an earth leakage current and a load current at each outlet and detect faults selected from at least one of earth faults and any other overload faults at each outlet, wherein the earth leakage current can be sensed by a circuit built of passive components with a linear fault signal output.
[00105] In an embodiment, the box 200 can include a set of electromagnetic relays 206 that can be coupled to the at least one outlet and are configured to provide delayed soft start on power supply restoration after power failure; a control unit 208 having one or more processors 210 and a memory 212 that can be operatively coupled to the one or more processors 210; and a set of no voltage release switches 214.
[00106] In an embodiment, the control unit 208 can be configured to: switch off, upon detection of power failure in the box 200, using the set of no voltage release (NVR) switchesor commands 214, the set of electromagnetic relays 206; switch on, upon restoration of power in the box 200, using the set of NVR switches 214, the set of electromagnetic relays 206 after a predetermined delay to prevent any sensitive load at the outlet from voltage overshoots and surges; and activate, in an event of contact fusing of any of the set of electromagnetic relays 206, tripping of the main circuit breaker 202 by implementing simulation of residual currents to eliminate occurrence fire hazards.
[00107] In an embodiment, the control unit 208 is configured to: identify whether load at each outlet exceeds a predetermined load range stored in a database 216 operatively coupled to the control unit 208; switch off the set of electromagnetic relays 206 in an event of overload of any of the at least one outlet; check the flow of electrical current in the overloaded outlet to be stopped; and create, in an event of current persisting after switch off command to any outlet, at least one artificial earth fault and force trip the main circuit breaker 202.
[00108] In an embodiment, the control unit 208 can be configured to reconfigure the at least one outlet based on earth leakage sensitivity, wherein the sensitivity is settable between two predetermined limits that takes into account both safety and practicability according to weather and environmental conditions. In an exemplary embodiment, the sensitivity is altered in a range of 30 mA to 100 mA.
[00109] In an embodiment, the control unit 208 can be configured to check auto earth leakage faults and earth leakage current during start-up of each outlet and generation of a strictly earth leakage fault signal by sensing passive components of the box 200.
[00110] In an embodiment, the box 200can be operatively coupled to a computing device 218. The computing device 218 can be installed with an application programming interface (API) and can be configured to control the set of electromagnetic relays 206 at the at least one outlet and to enable tripping of the main circuit breaker 202 in an event of the detection of the faults. The computing device 218 can be configured to detect early warnings of any arising fault in the electrical power distribution; update the database 216 with the detected early warnings to enable a user to clear the early warnings in advance; allow the user to modify fault settings via the API; and display, on the API, the earth leakage fault signal with limits continuously for each outlet.
[00111] In an embodiment, the box 200can include a front panel that can be configured to provide bypass option for each outlet to enable direct local control from the front panel itself. In an aspect, the box 200 can include an option of total local manual control in an event of any failure of an automatic remote control with above-mentioned features, wherein a remote/local selector switch, in a predefined local setting, can be configured to bypass all auto features. Each outlet can include a changeover MCB with a local setting and a remote setting such that in the remote setting, power to the outlet can be routed through the set of electromagnetic relays to enable the automatic remote control, and wherein in the local setting, the load can be controlled by overload trip characteristics of the MCB at each outlet in the local mode. A residual current circuit breaker (RCCB) of the incoming MCB can provide for a common earth fault trip. Hence, a user can have a clear option of setting the control mode of each outlet by selecting a predefined position of the changeover MCB in the corresponding outlet
[00112] In an embodiment, the control unit 208 can be configured to: monitor current selected from any or a combination of the load current and the earth leakage current continuously at each outlet; shut off any of the at least one outlet, when the current approaches a predetermined trip level, on a reverse priority basis set by the user to reduce load and avoid black out of the box 200; and turn on the shut off outlet with a corresponding reduction of load current in remaining of the at least one outlet.
[00113] In an embodiment, the control unit 208 can be configured to trip faulty outlets based on detection of earth faults in the corresponding outlets. The electromagnetic relay can be a handshaking relay that can work in handshaking mode. The set of current sensors 204 can include any or a combination of load current sensors for overload sensing and residual current sensors for earth leakage sensing.
[00114] In an embodiment, the control unit 208 can be configured to generate alert signals in events of tripping of the main circuit breaker 202, occurrence of fire hazards, shutting of the at least one outlet, black out and earth faults.
[00115] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary representation of earth fault sensing, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[00116] In an embodiment, the earth fault sensing can include magnetic permeable ring302, passive burden 304, analog output to processor 306 and a lower terminal displays control circuit on common ground. An incomer or main circuit breaker 308 can be connected to outgoing or output appliances via inlet and outlets. A signal to drive relay can be connected in between the incomer and output appliances.
[00117] In an embodiment, the earth fault detection can be pre-emptive i.e. system can make a simulated earth fault check on every channel before turning on the outlet relay to ensure absolute safety.
[00118] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary representation of the distribution box (DB) of FIG. 2A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The DB can include incoming cable with an inlet, push button switch (for remote or local operation), main circuit breaker (with tripping or on/off switch), and outlets 1 to 6 with output wires from outlets. The DB can also be termed as smart DB.
[00119] As shown in FIG. 4, the incoming supply is single phase AC that can include standard three wires for live, neutral and earth. The operating lever of the main circuit breaker can be reset manually. The control unit shall have a fuse on the AC incoming line and a local (test or emergency operation) / remote (normal operation) selector to control the outlet relays. Both modes of control shall have indicators. Each outlet shall have a push button for manual control. There can be healthy / fault indication for every outlet relay.
[00120] FIG. 5 illustrates a general assembly representation of interior layout with power and control schematic of the DB of FIG. 2A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The DB can include main circuit breaker (MCB) 502, MCB trip mechanism by residual current simulation 504, DC power supply 506, remote communication and control circuit block 508, neutral bus bar 510, live bus bar 512, current sensor (on each outlet live line) 514, relay on each power outlet complete with residual current trip for earth fault and handshaking feature with controller 516, outgoing terminals 518, earthed powder coated sheet steel enclosure 520,
[00121] In an embodiment, the electrical power flow and inter-connections between the blocks are also schematically shown. The low voltage dc power supply is obtained from the incoming AC and provides the needed DC to the current sensors, the outlet control relays, and remote communication and control circuit block.
[00122] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary signal flow representation of smart DB of FIG. 2A, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The DC power supply can input its power from the single phase AC incoming and distributes it to the various control and communication blocks. The analog inputs from the current sensors and the residual current detectors are digitized for the processor. The processor controls and communicates through the serial port to the smart phone of the consumer and through different buffers handshakes and controls the output relays to realize various functions (such as monitoring of load continuously, diagnosis based on pre-defined load-time curves in events of change in load distribution, contact fusing of any outlet relay to eliminate fire hazards, measuring of AC leakage current through suitable current transformer etc.) and facilitates tests (such as trip check facility, alerting consumers in case of emergencies, simulated checks to verify trips etc.).
[00123] FIG. 7A illustrates an exemplary plot of typical load-time curve, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[00124] FIG. 7B illustrates an exemplary plot of typical real-time output of the load status on an outlet as appearing on the smart phone app of the consumer, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[00125] In an embodiment, the rated allowable load-time curves for the outlets are stored in the memory together with running load curves for comparison and communication.
[00126] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary flow diagram representation of an outlet control, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[00127] As shown in FIG. 8, from communication ports, outlet load-time curve can be set. and diagnostic schedule can be checked. If schedule is active, then self-diagnostic fault test can be performed on outlet and check whether it is ok or not. If it is ok, then schedule is off, and provide on command to outlet relay. Then, check for handshaking to control. If yes, then earth fault is checked. If earth fault is not there, then check for over load. If over load is also not there, then healthy indication can be given to the diagnostic schedule.
[00128] In an embodiment, if any of earth fault and over load is there, fault indication off command is provided. Then check for handshaking to control. If yes, then can be transferred to communication port. An outlet fault message can be sent to application installed on a smart phone. Further, the fault can be cleared. If no, then main circuit breaker can be tripped by simulated residual current.
[00129] In an exemplary embodiment, this test can be done on the outlet relay circuit by simulated and controlled fault by software and supporting hardware.
[00130] Thus, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the diagrams, schematics, illustrations, and the like represent conceptual views or processes illustrating systems and methods embodying this invention. The functions of the various elements shown in the figures can be provided through the use of dedicated hardware as well as hardware capable of executing associated software. Similarly, any switches shown in the figures are conceptual only. Their function can be carried out through the operation of program logic, through dedicated logic, through the interaction of program control and dedicated logic, or even manually, the particular technique being selectable by the entity implementing this invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art further understand that the exemplary hardware, software, processes, methods, and/or operating systems described herein are for illustrative purposes and, thus, are not intended to be limited to any particular named.
[00131] While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be clear that the invention is not limited to these embodiments only. Numerous modifications, changes, variations, substitutions, and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as described in the claim.
[00132] In the foregoing description, numerous details are set forth. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure, that the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, to avoid obscuring the present invention.
[00133] As used herein, and unless the context dictates otherwise, the term "coupled to" is intended to include both direct coupling (in which two elements that are coupled to each other contact each other)and indirect coupling (in which at least one additional element is located between the two elements). Therefore, the terms "coupled to" and "coupled with" are used synonymously. Within the context of this document terms "coupled to" and "coupled with" are also used euphemistically to mean “communicatively coupled with” over a network, where two or more devices are able to exchange data with each other over the network, possibly via one or more intermediary device.
[00134] It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps can be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced. Where the specification claims refers to at least one of something selected from the group consisting of A, B, C …. and N, the text should be interpreted as requiring only one element from the group, not A plus N, or B plus N, etc.
[00135] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention can be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.
ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[00136] The present disclosure provides a system and electrical power distribution box with preventive, safety and test features.
[00137] The present disclosure provides an adaptive system and electrical power distribution box for enabling user to individually calibrate fault levels of outlets for both overload and earth leakage conditions and to save electricity bills.
[00138] The present disclosure provides an automated system and electrical power distribution box without any wastage of power and without any change in hardware components.
[00139] The present disclosure provides a smart system and smart electrical power distribution box to prevent occurrence of fire hazards and to reduce load on output side without having any blackout in internal components.
[00140] The present disclosure provides a simple system and electrical power distribution box to prevent or eliminate occurrence of fire hazards without causing any damage to internal components of the system and box.
[00141] The present disclosure provides a simple system and electrical power distribution box for enabling self-diagnosis check facility without any hardware interruption and for providing early warning to users or consumers.

Claims:1. A system for eliminating electrical fire hazards and electrical shock hazards, the system comprising:
an electrical power distribution box having an inlet and at least one outlet, the box comprising:
a main circuit breaker coupled to the inlet of the box;
a set of current sensors operatively coupled to the main circuit breaker such that at least one current sensor coupled to the at least one outlet to monitor any or a combination of an earth leakage current and a load current at each outlet and detect faults selected from at least one of earth faults and any other overload faults at each outlet, wherein the earth leakage current is sensed by a circuit built of passive components with a linear fault signal output; and
a set of electromagnetic relays coupled to the at least one outlet and are configured to provide delayed soft start on power supply restoration after power failure in the system; and
a control unit comprising one or more processors and a memory coupled with the one or more processors, the memory storing instructions executable by the one or more processors to:
switch off, upon detection of power failure in the system, using a set of no voltage release (NVR) commands, the set of electromagnetic relays;
switch on, upon restoration of power in the system, using the set of NVR commands, the set of electromagnetic relays after a predetermined delay to prevent any sensitive load at the at least one outlet from voltage overshoots and surges; and
activate, in an event of contact fusing of any of the set of electromagnetic relays, tripping of the main circuit breaker by implementing simulation of residual currents to eliminate occurrence of fire hazards.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to:
identify whether load at each outlet exceeds a predetermined load range stored in a database operatively coupled to the control unit;
switch off the set of electromagnetic relays in an event of overload of any of the at least one outlet;
check the flow of electrical current in the overloaded outlet to be stopped;and
create, in an event of current persisting after switch off command to any outlet, at least one artificial earth fault and force trip the main circuit breaker.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to reconfigure the at least one outlet based on earth leakage sensitivity, wherein the sensitivity is settable between two predetermined limits that takes into account both safety and practicability according to weather and environmental conditions.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to check auto earth leakage faults and earth leakage current during start-up of each outlet and generation of a linear earth leakage signal by sensing passive components of the system.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system comprises a computing device operatively coupled to the control unit, the computing device installed with an application programming interface (API) is configured to control the set of electromagnetic relays at the at least one outlet and to enable tripping of the main circuit breaker in an event of the detection of the faults.
6. The system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the computing device is configured to detect early warnings of any arising fault in the electrical power distribution; update the database with the detected early warnings to enable a user to clear the early warnings in advance; allow the user to modify fault settings via the API; and display, on the API, the earth leakage fault signal with limits continuously for each outlet.
7. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to:
monitor current selected from any or a combination of the load current and the earth leakage current continuously at each outlet;
shut off any of the at least one outlet, when the current approaches a predetermined trip level, on a reverse priority basis set by the user to reduce load and avoid black out of the system; and
turn on the shut off outlet with a corresponding reduction of load current in remaining of the at least one outlet.
8. The system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to trip faulty outlets based on detection of earth faults in the corresponding outlets.
9. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic relay is a handshaking relay.
10. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the set of current sensors comprises any or a combination of load current sensors for overload sensing and residual current sensors for earth leakage sensing.
11. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to generate alert signals in events of tripping of the main circuit breaker, occurrence of fire hazards, shutting of the at least one outlet, black out and earth faults.
12. An electrical power distribution box, the box comprising:
a main circuit breaker coupled to an inlet of the box;
a set of current sensors operatively coupled to the main circuit breaker such that at least one current sensor coupled to at least one outlet of the box to monitor any or a combination of an earth leakage current and a load current at each outlet and detect faults selected from at least one of earth faults and any other overload faults at each outlet, wherein the earth leakage current is sensed by a circuit built of passive components with a linear fault signal output;
a set of electromagnetic relays coupled to the at least one outlet and are configured to provide delayed soft start on power supply restoration after power failure; and
a control unit comprising one or more processors and a memory coupled with the one or more processors, the memory storing instructions executable by the one or more processors to:
switch off, upon detection of power failure in the box, using a set of no voltage release (NVR) commands, the set of electromagnetic relays;
switch on, upon restoration of power in the box, using the set of NVR commands, the set of electromagnetic relays after a predetermined delay to prevent any sensitive load at the at least one outlet from voltage overshoots and surges; and
activate, in an event of contact fusing of any of the set of electromagnetic relays, tripping of the main circuit breaker by implementing simulation of residual currents to eliminate occurrence fire hazards.
13. The electrical power distribution box as claimed in claim 12, wherein the box comprises an option of total local manual control in an event of any failure of an automatic remote control, wherein a remote/local selector switch, in a predefined local setting, is configured to bypass all auto features and each outlet comprises a changeover MCB with a local setting and a remote setting such that in the remote setting, power to the outlet is routed through the set of electromagnetic relays to enable the automatic remote control, and wherein in the local setting, the load is controlled by overload trip characteristics of
the MCB at each outlet to enable user with an option of setting the control mode of each outlet by selecting a position of the changeover MCB in the corresponding outlet.