Claims:What is claimed is:
1. A system for generating carbon credits to users, comprising:

a first computing device connected with a second computing device via a network to accomplish a list of funeral services/list of funeral materials for first users who in need via a carbon credit generation module, whereby the carbon credit generation module configured to enable the first users to select the funeral service from the list of funeral services on the first computing device and also allows the first user to transfer funds to a second user on the first computing device for the selected funeral material/funeral service; and
a server configured to store information related to the supplied/performed list of materials/funeral services and also store reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device by the carbon credit generation module, whereby the carbon credit generation module configured to create a plurality of carbon credits proportional to the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the second user on the second computing device.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the carbon credit generation module is configured to offer the created carbon credits to the first users from the second computing device by the second user.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the carbon credit generation module is configured to involve the second user to accept requests of selected funeral materials/funeral service on the second computing device.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the carbon credit generation module is configured to receive the funds on the second computing device and then offers the plurality of carbon credits to the first user from the second computing device.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the carbon credit generation module is configured to compute the number of supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services for the received funds on the second computing device.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the carbon credit generation module is configured to compute the reduced emission of CO2 & other greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device.

7. A method for generating carbon credits to users, comprising:
enabling a first user to select a list of available funeral materials/funeral services on a first computing device by a carbon credit generation module, whereby the carbon credit generation module allows the first user to transfer funds on the first computing device for the selected funeral materials/funeral services to a second user;

accepting requests of selected funeral materials/funeral services by the second user on the second computing device via the carbon credit generation module, whereby the carbon credit generation module configured to store the information related to supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services and also reduced emission of CO2 & other greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device; and

creating a plurality of carbon credits proportional to the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the second user on the second computing device by the carbon credit generation module, whereby the carbon credit generation module is configured to offer the plurality of carbon credits to the first user from the second computing device by the second user.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the carbon credit generation module comprises a calculation module to compute the number of supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services in a year/month/day for the received funds on the second computing device.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the calculation module computes the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the carbon credit generation module comprises a database to store the data related to the list of funeral services/funeral materials. , Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
The disclosed subject matter relates, in general, to generation of carbon credits and more particularly relates to a system and method configured to generate carbon credits while performing various socio-religious activities which are approved by the science, society, religion and the said socio-religious activities are essential in nature.

BACKGROUND
Increasing global warming due to the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) like carbon dioxide (CO2) and deforestation is detrimental to the environment. Various socio-religious activities, for example, human body cremation is an activity that requires wood for cremation. Studies show that, on an average 450 kilograms of wood is required for one cremation which can only be procured by cutting at least four trees each of which is at least 10 years old.

In order to tackle the environmental problems, the Indian government and environmental groups have, over the years, promoted the use of electric cremation as an alternate for wood cremation. Even though this system does not use any wood and releases less smoke, this system has failed mainly due to various reasons. These alternative systems were expensive to run and crucially it was impossible to perform traditional rituals such as Kapalkriya, where a stick or long bamboo pole is used to crack open the burning skull to free soul from its earthly existence in such scenarios. Garuda Puran is one of the Ashtaadasa Maha-Purans of the Hindus. Garuda Puran is the only sacred text that talks about the life after death, the journey of the soul, death and its aftermath, rebirth or reincarnation, detailed description of the funeral rites to be performed. This Garuda Puran, mentions the importance and sanctity of cow dung in Hindu cremations.

Another alternative approach to tackle the environmental problems is the concept of carbon credits. Carbon credits is a vital mechanism to mitigate the effects of global warming. Carbon credits provide a way to reduce the greenhouse effect by manifesting themselves into an entity that is internationally recognized for buying and selling.

In the light of the aforementioned discussion, there exists an immediate need for a system with a novel methodology to reduce wood consumption thereby generating carbon credits through human cremations.

SUMMARY
The following statements present an abridged summary of the disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding. This summary is neither an extensive overview of the disclosure nor does it identify key/critical elements of the invention or delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole and only purpose is to present certain concepts disclosed herein in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed explanation presented later.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards a system and method configured to generate carbon credits while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) to all users through various socio-religious activities which are approved by the science, society, religion and the said socio-religious activities are essential in nature.

An objective of the present disclosure is directed towards providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process.

Another objective of the present disclosure is directed towards generating employment, revenue, and carbon credits while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process.

Another objective of the present disclosure is directed towards preventing millions of metric tons of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process.

Another objective of the present disclosure is directed towards a unique process of using cow dung in cremations which has religious sanctions other than wood thus automatically leading to environmental protection.

Another objective of the present disclosure is directed towards obtaining number of carbon offsets by using cow dung in cremations while performing various socio-religious activities which are approved by the science, society, religion and the said socio-religious activities that are essential in nature. Carbon offset is an activity (such as planting of trees) that compensates for the emission of CO2 or other greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere. Yearly increase in population implies increase in yearly deaths, which means increased use of cow dung leading to increase in tree saving and generation of carbon credits.

Another objective of the present disclosure is directed towards reducing cost of cremation i.e., one unit of cow dung for cremation is less expensive than one unit of wood for cremation.

Another objective of the present disclosure is directed towards a process that increases usage of cow dung thereby leading to increased tree saving.

According to an exemplary aspect, the system comprising a first computing device connected with a second computing device via a network to accomplish a list of funeral services/list of funeral materials for first users who are in need via a carbon credit generation module.

According to another exemplary aspect, the carbon credit generation module configured to enable the first users to select the funeral service from the list of funeral services on the first computing device and also allows the first user to transfer funds to a second user on the first computing device for the selected funeral materials/funeral services.

According to another exemplary aspect, the system further comprising a server configured to store information related to supplied/performed list of materials/funeral services and also store reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed various funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device by the carbon credit generation module.

According to another exemplary aspect, the carbon credit generation module is configured to create plurality of carbon credits in proportion to the reduced emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process to the second user on the second computing device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram depicting a schematic representation of a system configured to generate carbon credits, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram depicting a carbon credit generation module shown in FIG. 1, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart depicting an exemplary method for generating carbon credits, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart depicting an exemplary method for offering/selling carbon credits to organizations, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting an exemplary method for Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating the details of a digital processing system in which various aspects of the present disclosure are operative i.e. generating carbon credits.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS
It is to be understood and vindicated that the present disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. While various uses and examples of the present invention have been described in detail, it is apparent that various modifications and alterations of those uses will occur to and be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. However, it is to be expressly understood that such modifications and alterations are within the scope and spirit of the present invention. Further, the invention(s) described herein is capable of other uses and of being practiced or of being carried out in various other related ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

The use of “including”, “comprising” or “having” and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items while only the terms “consisting of” and “consisting only of” are to be construed in a limitative sense. The terms “a” and “an” herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item. Further, the use of terms “first”, “second”, and “third”, and so forth, herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.

Referring to FIG. 1 is a block diagram 100 depicting a schematic representation of a system configured to generate carbon credits while performing various socio-religious activities which are approved by the science, society, religion and the said socio-religious activities are essential in nature resulting in the reduced emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process of C2DeatH2L2, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments. The system 100 includes a first computing device 102, a second computing device 104, a network 106, and a cloud server 108. The first computing device 102 and the second computing device 104 includes a carbon credit generation module 110 which is accessed as mobile application, web application, software that offers the functionality of accessing mobile applications, and viewing/processing of interactive pages, for example, are implemented in the computing devices 102, 104 as will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art by reading the disclosure provided herein. The first computing device 102 and the second computing device 104 may be connected over the network 106. The network 106 may include but not limited to, an Internet of things (IoT network devices), an Ethernet, a wireless local area network (WLAN), or a wide area network (WAN), a Bluetooth low energy network, a ZigBee network, a WIFI communication network e.g., the wireless high speed internet, or a combination of networks, a cellular service such as a 4G (e.g., LTE, mobile WiMAX) or 5G cellular data service, a RFID module, a NFC module, wired cables, such as the world-wide-web based Internet, or other types of networks may include Transport Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) or device addresses (e.g. network-based MAC addresses, or those provided in a proprietary networking protocol, such as Modbus TCP, or by using appropriate data feeds to obtain data from various web services, including retrieving XML data from an HTTP address, then traversing the XML for a particular node) and so forth without limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

The carbon credit generation module 110 may be downloaded from the cloud server 108. For example, the carbon credit generation module 110 may be any suitable applications downloaded from, GOOGLE PLAY® (for Google Android devices), Apple Inc.'s APP STORE® (for Apple devices), or any other suitable database. In some embodiments, the carbon credit generation module 110 may be software, firmware, or hardware that is integrated into first and second computing devices 102 and 104. The cloud server 108 may be configured to store information related to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services and also store information regarding reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device 104 by the carbon credit generation module 110. The list of funeral services may include, but not limited to, services related to death: cremation, burial and memorials including funeral services, pundit/priest/imam services, and so forth. The list of funeral materials, may include, but not limited to, cow dung, kit, coffins and headstones, and so forth. The carbon credit generation module 110 may be configured to create carbon credits proportional to the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the second user on the second computing device 104.

The computing devices 102, 104 may be operated by the users, for example, first users, second users, and so forth. The first users may include, but not limited to, governments, organizations, large entities, corporate offices, clients, customer, relative/friend of the deceased, and so forth. The second user may include, but not limited to, admin, owner, service provider, and so forth. The first computing device 102 may be connected with the second computing device 104 via the network 106 to accomplish the funeral service for the users by the carbon credit generation module 110. The carbon credit generation module 110 is configured to create a plurality of carbon credits in proportion to the reduced emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process of C2DeatH2L2 to the second user on the second computing device.

The carbon credit generation module 110 may be configured to enable the first user to select a list of available funeral materials/funeral services on the first computing device 102. Here, the first user may include, but not limited to, governments, organizations, large entities, corporate offices, a customer, a client, a relative/friend of the deceased, a family member, and so forth. The carbon credit generation module 110 may also be configured to allow the first user to transfer the funds to the second user on the first computing device 102 for the selected funeral materials/services. The carbon credit generation module 110 may involve the second user to accept requests of selected funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device 104.

The carbon credit generation module 110 may also be configured compute the number of supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services for the received funds on the second computing device 104. The carbon credit generation module 110 may further be configured to compute the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device 104. The carbon credit generation module 110 may be configured to store the information related to supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services and also reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) like, carbon dioxide (CO2) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device 110. The carbon credit generation module 110 may be configured to create the carbon credits proportional to the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the second user on the second computing device 104. The carbon credit generation module 110 may be configured to offer the created carbon credits to the first user from the second computing device 104 by the second user.

Referring to FIG. 2 is a block diagram 200 depicting the carbon credit generation module 110 shown in FIG. 1 while performing various socio-religious activities which are approved by the science, society, religion and the said socio-religious activities are essential in nature, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments. The carbon credit generation module 110 includes a bus 201, a fund receiving module 202, a selection module 203, a funeral service list providing module 204, a calculation module 206, a carbon credit creation module 208, a carbon credit offering module 210, and a database 212. The bus 201 may include a path that permits communication among the modules of the carbon credit generation module 110. The term “module” is used broadly herein and refers generally to a program resident in the memory of the computing device 102 or 104.

The fund receiving module 202 may be configured to allow the first user to transfer funds for the selected funeral materials/funeral services to the second user on the first computing device 102. Where the funeral service list providing module 204 may be configured to provide the list of available funeral services/funeral materials to the users on the first computing device 102. The selection module 203 may be configured to enable the first user to select a list of available funeral materials/funeral services on the first computing device 102. The fund receiving module 202 may also be configured to receive huge amount of funds on the second computing device 104 from the first users (for example, organizations).

The calculation module 206 may be configured to compute the number of supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services in a year/month/day for the received funds on the second computing device 104. The calculation module 206 may also be configured to compute the total number of received funds/amounts for the funeral services/funeral materials. The calculation module 206 may also be configured to compute the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device 104. The carbon credit creation module 208 may be configured to create number of carbon credits to the users who provide the funds. The carbon credit offering module 210 may be configured to offer the created carbon credits proportional to the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the users who provide the funds. The database 212 may be configured to store the data related to the list of funeral services/funeral materials.

Referring to FIG. 3 is a flowchart 300 depicting an exemplary method for generating carbon credits, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments. Here, the method 300 is configured to generate carbon credits while performing various socio-religious activities which are approved by the science, society, religion and the said socio-religious activities are essential in nature due to the reduced emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process of C2DeatH2L2. As an option, the method 300 is carried out in the context of the details of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2. However, the method 300 is carried out in any desired environment. Further, the aforementioned definitions are equally applicable to the description below.

The exemplary method 300 commences at step 302, the carbon credit generation module enables the first user to select the list of available funeral materials/funeral services on the first computing device. Thereafter, at step 304, the carbon credit generation module allows the first user to transfer the funds on the first computing device for the selected funeral materials/funeral services to the second user. Thereafter, at step 306, the carbon credit generation module involves the second user on the second computing device to accept requests of selected funeral materials/funeral services. Thereafter, at step 308, the carbon credit generation module stores the information related to supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services and also reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) like carbon dioxide (CO2) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device. Thereafter, at step 310, the carbon credit generation module creates the carbon credits proportional to the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the second user on the second computing device. Here, the carbon credits may be created by the government officials based on the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Thereafter, at step 312, the carbon credit generation module offers the created carbon credits to the first user from the second computing device by the second user.

Referring to FIG. 4 is a flowchart 400 depicting an exemplary method for offering/selling carbon credits to the organizations that are obtained while performing various socio-religious activities which are approved by the science, society, religion and the said socio-religious activities are essential in nature due to the reduced emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process of C2DeatH2L2, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments. As an option, the method 400 is carried out in the context of the details of FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3. However, the method 400 is carried out in any desired environment. Further, the aforementioned definitions are equally applicable to the description below.

The carbon credit generation module receives huge amount of funds on the second computing device, at step 402. Thereafter, at step 404, the carbon credit generation module computes the number of supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services for the received funds on the second computing device. Thereafter, at step 406, the carbon credit generation module computes the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device. Thereafter, at step 408, the carbon credit generation module stores the information related to reduce emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) proportional to the supplied/performed list of funeral materials/funeral services on the second computing device. Thereafter, at step 410, the carbon credit generation module creates the carbon credits proportional to the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) on the second computing device to the second user. Thereafter, at step 412, the carbon credit generation module offers the created carbon credits to the companies from the second computing device by the second user.

Referring to FIG. 5 is a flowchart 500 depicting an exemplary method for Universal free Hindu cremations (UFHC) through a unique process, in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments. As an option, the method 500 is carried out in the context of the details of FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4. However, the method 500 is carried out in any desired environment. Further, the aforementioned definitions are equally applicable to the description below.

The first user who requires funeral materials (for example, cow dung) approaches the second user, at step 502. Thereafter, at step 504, the second user supplies the required cow dung to the first user at free of cost. Thereafter, at step 506, the first user performs the funeral activity using the cow dung. Thereafter, at step 508, the emission of greenhouse gases GHGs (for example, carbon dioxide) is reduced by using the cow dung instead of wood or any other suitable materials. Thereafter, at step 510, the carbon credits are created proportional to the reduced emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the second user by the government officials.

The proposed process includes Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through C2DeatH2L2 process. The Universal Free Hindu Cremation (UFHC) through C2DeatH2L2 process provides cow dung at free of cost, which is one of funeral material required for Hindu cremation. The carbon credits may be generated to the company who invests in cremations. The investment may be provided by any company via its corporate social responsibility (CSR) program. The carbon credits may be returned to the company who provides investment for cremation under Universal Free Hindu Cremation (UFHC) through C2DeatH2L2 process. More particularly, the usage of cow dung reduces the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) & CO2 and low cremation cost while being eco-friendly. The carbon conservation plans may be employed to generate carbon credits. The carbon credits may mitigate the effects of global warming. The carbon conservation plans include mitigating the effects of global warming, reducing the greenhouse effect or emission of CO2 or other greenhouse gases (GHGs).

An exemplary embodiment, the unique process for providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) may be described as follows:

C2DeatH2L2 leading to Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC). C2DeatH2L2 is a unique process of using cow dung in cremations rather than wood and protecting environment. In this abbreviation C2DeatH2L2 each letter stands for a different aspect of Universal Free Hindu Cremation (UFHC) process. C = Cremation and C = Cow Dung; D = Death; e = Environment; a = Ash, t = Timber; H = Holy Texts and H= Hindu, L = Last Rites and L = Lost Rights. The Indian population as per the Government of India (GoI) census statistics, for example, for 2019 is = 1312 million (projected). The number of deaths in any given year as per GoI census for example, for year 2016 = 81,53,510 (8.15 million).

Another exemplary embodiment, Hindu Population and Mortality in India:
The Government of India (GoI) has provided percentage (%) of total population practicing Hindu religion in a given year. Thus, from among the % of Hindu population (%H) and deaths, we can logically infer the % of Hindu deaths from among the total deaths according to GoI in a given year. The following formula, thus, can be generated:
Number of Hindu Deaths in a Year (#Hh) = d/yr * %H
To explain the formula with an example - 79.8% of total population practice Hindu religion according to GoI for the year 2011. Therefore, the % of Hindu deaths from among the total deaths in the year 2011 will be 79.8%. This means and to explain the above formula with certain exemplary numbers - #Hh = 81,53,510 * 79.8% = 65,06,500 or say 6.5 million.

HINDUS CREMATIONS: Further, the Garuda Puran (gp) prescribes cremating the dead, with exceptions. In view of this, the % of Hindus Cremations (%hc) can be arrived in the following manner:
Number of Hindu Cremations in India per Year (#hc/yr) = #Hh * %hc
This means and to explain the above formula with certain exemplary numbers - taking a conservative figure only 80% of Hindus cremate their dead, #hc/yr= 6.5 million * 80% = 52,00,000 = 5.20 million.

Another exemplary embodiment, the trees used per cremation is as follows:
Hindu cremations use wood(w). w required per Cremation (w/c) can be obtained by cutting number of trees (#tr) of Years old (#yr). From the given data above, the following formula can be generated:
Total no. of Trees used for Cremation per Year (?tr/yr) = #hc/yr * #tr
This means and to explain the above formula with certain exemplary numbers - an average of 450 kgs wood required for one cremation which is procured by cutting 4 trees each of which is 10 years old. Therefore, total no. of Trees used for Cremation per Year or ?tr/yr = 5.20 million cremations * 4 Trees = 20.80 million trees.

Another exemplary embodiment, the absorption of CO2 is:

The amount of CO2 absorbed (in Kg) by a tree in a year (tra/yr), sequestering (seq) metric tons (t) of CO2 till it reaches
average Tree Life years ((trl) ¯ years) can be explained with the help of the following example: 1 tree absorbs around 22 kg (48 pounds) of carbon dioxide (CO2) a year. It can sequester 1 metric ton (1000 kg) of CO2 till it reaches 40 years (average tree life is 40 years). Carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide in plants.

In another exemplary embodiment, the cow dung cremation and environment is as follows: #tr continue to absorb CO2, if they were not cut, in their remaining life span. This can be expressed in the following formula:

Total amount of CO2 absorbed by #tr = (tra/yr)CO2* #tr * ((trl) ¯– #yr) .
Total amount of CO2 emissions emitted per year (?CO2/yr) = #hc/yr* (tra/yr)CO2 * #tr * ((trl) ¯ – #yr).
This means and to explain the above formula with certain exemplary numbers, four trees (which supplies wood for one cremation) would have continued to absorb CO2, if they were not cut, in their remaining life span. So, the total CO2 that could be absorbed by 4 trees = 22kg * 4 trees * 30 years = 2640 kg or 2.64 metric tons of CO2 per year. Therefore, one cremation is responsible for 2.64 metric tons CO2 emissions. The gross CO2 emissions emitted per year due to cremation of 5.20 million cremations = ?CO2/yr = 5.20 million * 2.64 metric tons = 13.70 million metric tons.

In another exemplary embodiment, the CO2 emissions of wood/dung is follows:

The CO2 released by burning 1 kg Wood (w) = CO2/w, whereas the CO2 released by burning 1 kg cow dung (cd) = CO2/cd. This means and to explain the above with certain exemplary numbers: Burning of 1 kg WOOD releases CO2 between 1.65 Kg to 1.80 Kg (1.65 + 1.80/2 = 1.72 Kg), whereas burning of 1 kg Cow dung releases CO2 between 1.65 Kg to 1.80 Kg (1.65+1.80/2 = 1.72 Kg). (Assumption: CO2 emissions from 1 kg cow dung = CO2 emissions from 1kg wood)

Wood (w) required per cremation = w/c, and Cow dung (cd) required per cremation = cd/c. This means and to explain the above with certain exemplary numbers: 450 Kg of wood is required for one cremation, whereas 200 kg of cow dung is required for one cremation.

The CO2 released due to one cremation by using wood = w/c * CO2/w whereas CO2 released due to one cremation by using cow dung = cd/c * CO2/cd ?cd/c * CO2/w. This means and to explain the above formula with certain exemplary numbers: The CO2 released due to one cremation by using wood = 450 X 1.72 = 774kg, whereas the CO2 released due to one cremation by using cow dung= 200 X 1.72 = 344kg.

The total CO2 released due to yearly Hindu cremations by using wood = #hc/yr * w/c * CO2/w [say A], whereas the Gross CO2 released due to yearly Hindu cremations by using cow dung = #hc/yr * CO2/cd* cd/c [say B] ? #hc/yr * CO2/w *cd/c. This means and to explain the above formula with certain exemplary numbers: Gross CO2 released due to 5.20 million cremations in a year by using wood =5.20m * 774 kg = 4,024,800,000 kg = 4.02 million metric tons. Whereas gross CO2 released due to 5.20 million cremations in a year by using cow dung = 5.20million * 344kg=1,788,800,000 kg = 1.78 million metric tons.

Net CO2 released due to wood (w) cremation [net (CO2/wc)] = A-B = (#hc/yr * w/c * CO2/w) - (#hc/yr * CO2 /cd * cd/c) = #hc/yr * CO2/w [(w/c) - (cd/c)]. This means and to explain the above formula with certain exemplary numbers will indicate the following: 4.02 – 1.78 = 2.24 million metric tons.

In another exemplary embodiment, the gross CO2 emissions may be as follows: Gross CO2 released by cutting #tr and net CO2 released due to wood (w) cremation = ?CO2/yr+ [net (CO2 /wc)]. This means and to explain this formula with certain exemplary numbers: gross yearly CO2 released by cutting 4 trees and by wood cremation for 5.20 million bodies = 13.70 million metric tons + 2.24 million metric tons = 15.94 million metric tons CO2.

In another exemplary embodiment, the carbon credits may be obtained by using cow dung(cd) is represented as follows: Carbon Credit (cc), Carbon Offset (co) 1 cc = 1 ton (t) of CO2. Total cc (or) co obtained by using cd = ?CO2/yr + [net (CO2 /wc)]. For example, the number of carbon offsets obtained by using cow dung in cremations = 15.94million (By saving trees which absorbs 15.94 million metric tons of CO2)

In another exemplary embodiment, the cost of carbon credits may be represented as:

Cost of one carbon credit (c1cc) is expressed in US dollars [in USD]. For example, cost of one carbon credit in carbon Market in 2018 = 20 USD.

By using cow dung for cremations yearly 15.94 million carbon credits are obtained. Annual benefit derived by using cow dung (abcd) = [?CO2/yr+ [net (CO2/wc)]]* c1cc. For example, annual benefit derived by using cow dung = 15.94 million carbon credits * 20 USD = 320 million USD.

In another exemplary embodiment, the cost of cremation is represented as:

Cost of 1 kg w = c1w
Cost for one cremation = c1w * w/c
Cost of 1kg cd = c1cd
Cost for one cremation = c1cd * cd/c
Savings (or) loss per Cremation (sl/c) = [c1w * w/c] ? [c1cd * cd/c] (or) [c1cd * ¬¬¬¬¬¬cd/c]¬¬¬ - [c1w * w/c]
Savings (or) loss on Cremations Per Year (slc/yr) = #hc/yr * s/c
For example, cd required for cremating of one body - 200 kg – cost of 1 unit- ? 2750
w required for cremation 450 kg - cost of 1 unit ?5000
Saving per cremation = 5000 - 2750 = ?2250 = 45% savings
Yearly savings on cremations = 5.20 million cremations * ?2250 = ?11700 million or ?1170 Crores = 819 Million USD

In another exemplary embodiment, the ultimate benefit of using cow dung is represented as follows:

Gross savings (or) loss including carbon credits by use of cow dung in the place of wood = abcd+ slc/yr(or) abcd - slc/yr. This means and to explain the formula with certain exemplary numbers - gross savings including carbon credits by use of cow dung in the place of wood = cost of savings from carbon offsets + cost savings due to difference of cost of wood and cow dung = 819 Million USD +320 million USD = 1139 million USD.

In another exemplary embodiment, the population of cows and availability of cow dung in India is represented as follows:

As per GoI the cow population in India is 76.7 million. Each cow on average gives 4.5 Kg per day. Therefore, the total cow dung per year can be obtained by the following formula: Population of cows * cow dung availability per day * 365 days = 76.7 million* 4.5 Kg* 365 days= 125,980 million Kg.

Assuming 50% of dung is used for bio gas, household, religious and manure purposes, the remaining dung is available for cremation purposes. I.e. = 125,980 million Kg * 50%= 62,990 million Kg (wet cow dung). Dry cow dung (assuming 50% wet content gets evaporated) = 62,990 million Kg* 50%= 31,495 million Kg. Cow dung needed for one cremation is 200 kg. Therefore, the yearly cremations that can be performed with available dung = 31,495 million Kg / 200 Kg = 157 million. Therefore, cow dung for cremations is inexhaustible.

In another exemplary embodiment, the corporate social responsibilities are represented as:

Sectors on which CSR budget is spent, for example, in FY 2014-15 are Education 32%, Health 26%, Environment 14%, Rural development 12%, Women empowerment 4%.

Tax on CSR expenditure: At least 2% of the average net profit of the company for three preceding financial years must be set aside for corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR expenditure is mandatory under the Companies Act. It is not taxable under the Income-Tax Act, 1961 (IT Act).

CSR spending on cow dung cremations leads to - saving trees and environment, Educating society on eco-friendly funerals, Employment generation.

In another exemplary embodiment, Illustration for a given grant is as follows
For a given grant, certain number of cremations can be performed. For example, if ?1 Crore (?10 million) grant given under CSR for Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC), the no. of cremations that can be performed can be obtained with the following formula:
Grant given / Cost of one-unit dung cremation = ?1,00,00,000/2750= 3,636

DIRECT BENEFIT is the benefit obtained by using cow dung instead of wood thereby generating carbon credits

INDIRECT BENEFIT result is the benefit/savings obtained between the difference in cost of the wood and cow dung.

From the above definitions, the following formulas can be derived:

Number of cremations performed in a given grant (#cp) = gg/ (c1cd * cd/c)
DIRECT RESULT: (#cp/(#hc/yr)) * abcd * c1cc = cc in gg
INDIRECT RESULT: s/c * #cp = [(c1w * w/c) - (c1cd * cd/c)] * #cp

DIRECT RESULT:
Number of carbon credits for 3,636 cremations = 3636/5.20 million * 15.94 million = 11,145
Value of each carbon credit is USD20 - carbon credit is tradable = 11,145 * 20 = USD 222,900= 222,900 * ?70 = ?15,603,000 = ?15.60 millions

INDIRECT RESULT:
Savings due to use of cow dung in the place of wood = ?5000 - ?2750 = ?2250
Total savings for 3,636 cremations = ?2250 * 3,636 = ?81,81,000 = ?8.18 million
Benefit for a grant of ?10 million = ?15.60 million (Direct result) + ?8.18 million (Indirect result) = ?23.78 million

Referring to FIG. 6 is a block diagram 600 illustrating the details of a digital processing system 600 in which various aspects of the present disclosure are operative by execution of appropriate software instructions. The digital processing system 600 generates carbon credits while performing various socio-religious activities which are approved by the science, society, religion and the said socio-religious activities are essential in nature resulting in reduced emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) while providing Universal Free Hindu Cremations (UFHC) through a unique process of C2DeatH2L2 by execution of appropriate software instructions. The Digital processing system 600 may correspond to the computing devices 102, 104 (or any other system in which the various features disclosed above can be implemented).

Digital processing system 600 may contain one or more processors such as a central processing unit (CPU) 610, random access memory (RAM) 620, secondary memory 630, graphics controller 660, display unit 670, network interface 680, and input interface 690. All the components except display unit 670 may communicate with each other over communication path 650, which may contain several buses as is well known in the relevant arts. The components of Figure 6 are described below in further detail.

CPU 610 may execute instructions stored in RAM 620 to provide several features of the present disclosure. CPU 610 may contain multiple processing units, with each processing unit potentially being designed for a specific task. Alternatively, CPU 610 may contain only a single general-purpose processing unit.

RAM 620 may receive instructions from secondary memory 630 using communication path 650. RAM 620 is shown currently containing software instructions, such as those used in threads and stacks, constituting shared environment 625 and/or user programs 626. Shared environment 625 includes operating systems, device drivers, virtual machines, etc., which provide a (common) run time environment for execution of user programs 626.

Graphics controller 660 generates display signals (e.g., in RGB format) to display unit 670 based on data/instructions received from CPU 610. Display unit 670 contains a display screen to display the images defined by the display signals. Input interface 690 may correspond to a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., touch-pad, mouse) and may be used to provide inputs. Network interface 680 provides connectivity to a network (e.g., using Internet Protocol), and may be used to communicate with other systems (such as those shown in Figure 1) connected to the network 106.

Secondary memory 630 may contain hard drive 635, flash memory 636, and removable storage drive 637. Secondary memory 630 may store the data software instructions (e.g., for performing the actions noted above with respect to the Figures), which enable digital processing system 600 to provide several features in accordance with the present disclosure.

Some or all of the data and instructions may be provided on removable storage unit 640, and the data and instructions may be read and provided by removable storage drive 637 to CPU 610. Floppy drive, magnetic tape drive, CD-ROM drive, DVD Drive, Flash memory, removable memory chip (PCMCIA Card, EEPROM) are examples of such removable storage drive 637.

Removable storage unit 640 may be implemented using medium and storage format compatible with removable storage drive 637 such that removable storage drive 637 can read the data and instructions. Thus, removable storage unit 640 includes a computer readable (storage) medium having stored therein computer software and/or data. However, the computer (or machine, in general) readable medium can be in other forms (e.g., non-removable, random access, etc.).

In this document, the term "computer program product" is used to generally refer to removable storage unit 640 or hard disk installed in hard drive 635. These computer program products are means for providing software to digital processing system 600. CPU 610 may retrieve the software instructions, and execute the instructions to provide various features of the present disclosure described above.

The term “storage media/medium” as used herein refers to any non-transitory media that store data and/or instructions that cause a machine to operate in a specific fashion. Such storage media may comprise non-volatile media and/or volatile media. Non-volatile media includes, for example, optical disks, magnetic disks, or solid-state drives, such as storage memory 630. Volatile media includes dynamic memory, such as RAM 620. Common forms of storage media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, solid-state drive, magnetic tape, or any other magnetic data storage medium, a CD-ROM, any other optical data storage medium, any physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM, NVRAM, any other memory chip or cartridge.

Storage media is distinct from but may be used in conjunction with transmission media. Transmission media participates in transferring information between storage media. For example, transmission media includes coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that comprise bus (communication path) 550. Transmission media can also take the form of acoustic or light waves, such as those generated during radio-wave and infra-red data communications.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment”, “in an embodiment” and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics of the disclosure may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the above description, numerous specific details are provided such as examples of programming, software modules, user selections, network transactions, database queries, database structures, hardware modules, hardware circuits, hardware chips, etc., to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure.

Although the present disclosure has been described in terms of certain preferred embodiments and illustrations thereof, other embodiments and modifications to preferred embodiments may be possible that are within the principles and spirit of the invention. The above descriptions and figures are therefore to be regarded as illustrative and not restrictive.

Thus the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and includes both combinations and sub-combinations of the various features described hereinabove as well as variations and modifications thereof, which would occur to persons skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description.

The following are the abbreviations used in this specification:
C2DeatH2L2 C = Cremation and C = Cow Dung; D = Death; e = Environment; a = Ash; t = Timber; H = Holy Texts and H= Hindu; L = Last Rites and L = Lost Rights
GoI Government of India` %H % of population practicing Hindu Religion
d/yr Deaths Per Year #Hh Number of Hindu Deaths in a Year
%hc % of Hindu Cremations #hc/yr Number of Hindu Cremations in India per Year
w/c Wood Required per Cremation #tr Number of Trees
#yr Number of Years before the trees were cut ?tr/yr Total no. of Trees used for Cremation per Year
tra/yr Amount of CO2 (in Kg) a tree absorbs per year seq Sequestering
(trl) ¯ Average Tree Life w Wood
CO2/w CO2 released by burning 1 kg WOOD CO2/cd CO2 released by burning 1 kg COW DUNG
Cd Cow Dung cd/c Dung Required for One Cremation
?CO2/yr Total CO2 emissions per year net (CO2/wc) Net CO2 released due to wood cremation
Cc Carbon Credit co Carbon Offset
c1cd Cost of 1 kg cow dung c1w Cost of 1 kg wood
sl/c Savings/loss per cremation slc/yr Savings/loss on cremations per year
#cp No. of Cremations Performed gp Garuda Puran
? Implies t Metric ton
C1cc Cost of one Carbon Credit gg Given Grant
Abcd Annual benefit from cow dung