Description:FIELD OF INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates generally to system and method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in dual limb circuit based on the real time data.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The following description of related art is intended to provide background information pertaining to the field of the disclosure. This section may include certain aspects of the art that may be related to various features of the present disclosure. However, it should be appreciated that this section be used only to enhance the understanding of the reader with respect to the present disclosure, and not as admissions of prior art.
[0003] In general, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is a type of positive airway pressure, where the air flow is introduced into the airways to maintain a continuous pressure to constantly stent the airways open, in people who are breathing spontaneously. Different technologies and machines exist which provide the operation of CPAP to a patient with spontaneous breathing. One of the existing technologies enables the usage of a proximal pressure sensor which is situated at the mask. The data of pressure from the proximal pressure sensor is used to provide the user set pressure with PID control algorithm. The cost of incorporating and interfacing the proximal pressure sensor or pressure sensor is quite a complex task and requires additional hardware and cost.
[0004] Yet another existing technology enables the usage of a single limb tube to provide the desired pressure and a pressure relief system which primarily comprises fixed size NC/no valves or pressure purging circuitry for the rise in pressure. In another existing technology, the usage of a single limb tube with a blower unit is found to be the most common and sought device for the development of a CPAP machine. The CPAP machines usually run on the AC mains or DC Battery and generally most of the machines may not have the provision for incorporating the oxygen supply. However, these solutions may need complex computer-based machine learning and neural network algorithms that tend to burden the system processing the large information that increases the overall cost of the component used in the system. Furthermore, such an implementation makes the hardware and software system complex and more susceptible to errors.
[0005] Further, in most of the scenarios, expensive hardware setup and feedback systems along with its connection between a ventilator system and a Y-piece of a patient required for signal conditioning and compliance to various hardware standards are some of the drawbacks of using a proximal pressure sensor. In addition, the usage of complex computer-based machine learning and neural network algorithms burden the system with the processing of large information which increases the cost of components used in the system and at the same time makes the hardware and software system complex and more susceptible to errors. Further, the determination of physical parameters of the system by using the sensor feedback and approximation of system correction parameters to achieve continuous positive airway pressure can be prone to a false determination of control parameters which directly affects the set parameters by the user and is unable to deliver the required performance.
[0006] There is, therefore, a requirement in the art for a system and method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in dual limb circuits based on the real-time data that address at least the above-mentioned problems in the art.

OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0007] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies are as listed herein below.
[0008] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in dual limb circuit.
[0009] It is an object of the present disclosure to providing a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, which is efficient, cost-effective, dynamic, and simple.
[0010] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and method for achieving CPAP in a dual limb circuit, which enables the user to add oxygen to the system in case the saturation of the patient decreases in this mode of operation.
[0011] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, which are compact, easy to use ventilator systems to support patients.
[0012] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, to employ non-invasive mechanisms to interface with the patient.
[0013] It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, eliminating usage of complex computer-based machine learning and neural network algorithms which burden the system with the processing of large information.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0014] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies are as listed herein below.
[0015] The present invention relates generally to system and method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in dual limb circuit based on the real time data.
[0016] In an aspect, the present invention provides a system for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a Dual limb circuit. The system comprises a first inlet valve, a second inlet valve, a mixing chamber, and a control system. The first inlet valve can be configured to receive air from an external source. The second inlet valve can be configured to receive oxygen from the external source. The mixing chamber can be coupled to the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve, and configured to combine the received air and oxygen, based on a proportion set by an user to achieve a constant set pressure. The control system can be configured to deliver the constant set pressure continuously at an expiratory limb based on a first stage PID control, a second stage PID control, and equilibrium of the system. Further, allowing a patient to breath spontaneously at a time instant, where the equilibrium of the system is achieved based on one or more factors. The one or more factors can comprise at least one of a gain value of the actuators, an activation and a deactivation of a constant variable.
[0017] In an aspect, the first stage PID control can be coupled to at least one of an inspiratory port, and an expiratory port of the system, and operated based on the feedback of a pressure sensor. The second stage PID control can be operated based on the feedback of a flow sensor of the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve. An output of the first stage PID control is provided as an input to the second stage PID control.
[0018] In an aspect, the PID control can be operated on an expiratory VCA actuator incorporating a first input and a second input, wherein the first input is the pressure and the second input is the expiratory flow.
[0019] In an aspect, the stability and equilibrium of the system are based on the time instant and the state of the constant variable, wherein the state of the constant variable comprises at least one of an activation state or a deactivation state.
[0020] In an aspect, the system can be configured to tune the gain value of at least one of an expiratory actuator and an inspiratory actuator based on a predefined range to control the set pressure and a bias flow, wherein the predefined range pertains to tuning the gain value of the expiratory actuator higher than the value of the inspiratory actuator.
[0021] In an aspect, a constant bias flow is maintained in the expiratory actuator based on a fixed value of the bias flow set point.
[0022] In an aspect, the dual limb circuit can comprise an inhalation tube and an expiration tube. The inhalation tube can be configured to provide inhalation air to the patient. The expiration tube can be configured to facilitate during expiration the air from the lungs to expire through an expiratory control valve.
[0023] In an aspect, the system can be configured to compute VCA error based on one or more parameters to achieve PID control on expiratory VCA, wherein the one or more parameters comprises at least one of a current pressure, the constant variable, and a current flow.
[0024] In an aspect, the user is a doctor, an intern, a professional, and others.
[0025] In an aspect, a method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit. The method may include receiving, by a first inlet valve, air from an external source. The method may include receiving, by a second inlet valve, oxygen from an external source. The method may include combining, by a mixing chamber, the received oxygen and air, based on a proportion set by an user to achieve a constant set pressure. The method may include delivering, by a control system, the constant set pressure continuously at an expiratory limb based on a first stage PID control, a second stage PID control, and an equilibrium of the system, allowing a patient to breath spontaneously at a time instant, where the equilibrium of the system is achieved based on one or more factors. The one or more factors comprise at least one of a gain value of the actuators, the activation and deactivation of a constant variable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and constitute a part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosed methods and systems in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present invention. Some drawings may indicate the components using block diagrams and may not represent the internal circuitry of each component. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that invention of such drawings includes the invention of electrical components, electronic components or circuitry commonly used to implement such components.
[0027] FIG. 1 illustrates a system on which the disclosed logic system for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit is implemented in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit is implemented in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIGs. 3A-3C illustrates an exemplary graph showing spontaneous breathing of the patient in the control system at predetermined level (e.g., 3LPM-5LPM) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary computer system in which or with which embodiments of the present invention can be utilized in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0031] The foregoing shall be more apparent from the following more detailed description of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
[0032] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, various specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent, however, that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. Several features described hereafter can each be used independently of one another or with any combination of other features. An individual feature may not address all of the problems discussed above or might address only some of the problems discussed above. Some of the problems discussed above might not be fully addressed by any of the features described herein.
[0033] The ensuing description provides exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the exemplary embodiments will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth.
[0034] Specific details are given in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, circuits, systems, networks, processes, and other components may be shown as components in block diagram form in order not to obscure the embodiments in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the embodiments.
[0035] Also, it is noted that individual embodiments may be described as a process which is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a data flow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process is terminated when its operations are completed but could have additional steps not included in a figure. A process may correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc. When a process corresponds to a function, its termination can correspond to a return of the function to the calling function or the main function.
[0036] The word “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance of doubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by such examples. In addition, any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meant to preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive—in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as an open transition word—without precluding any additional or other elements.
[0037] Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” or “an instance” or “one instance” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0038] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0039] The following terms/acronyms have been used in the disclosure:
[0040] Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)- may refer to a value that can be set up in patients receiving invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation. PEEP also refers to the pressure in the lungs (alveolar pressure) above atmospheric pressure (the pressure outside of the body) that exists at the end of expiration. There are two types of PEEPs -extrinsic PEEP (PEEP applied by a ventilator) and intrinsic PEEP (PEEP caused by an incomplete exhalation).
[0041] Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP)- may refer to the highest level of pressure applied to the lungs during inhalation. In mechanical ventilation, it may refer to positive pressure in centimetres of water pressure (cmH2O).
[0042] Proportional Integral derivative (PID) controller – may refer to a control loop mechanism employing feedback that is used in industrial control systems and a variety of other applications requiring continuously modulated control. A PID controller may continuously calculate an error value as the difference between a desired setpoint (SP) and a measured process variable (PV) and applies a correction based on proportional, integral, and derivative terms.
[0043] Non-invasive ventilation (NIV)- may refer to use of breathing support administered through a face mask, nasal mask, or a helmet. Air, usually with added oxygen, is given through the mask under positive pressure; generally the amount of pressure is alternated depending on whether someone is breathing in or out.
[0044] Invasive ventilation (IV) – or mechanical ventilation, assisted ventilation or intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), may refer to use of a machine (e.g., a ventilator) to fully or partially provide artificial ventilation. Mechanical ventilation helps move air into and out of the lungs, with the main goal of helping the delivery of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide.
[0045] Embodiments of systems and methods disclose achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a Dual limb circuit under changing circumstances of leakage and patient breathing in CPAP mode of operation. In an embodiment, the disclosed system and method allows to deliver a set pressure by the user, which is constant throughout the CPAP operation by delivering the set pressure even if there is leakage by compensating it properly and also compensating if there is a rise in pressure. In an embodiment, the control system is stable and at the same time the set pressure is maintained by compensating for any real time leakage, rise in pressure and also providing a constant bias flow continuously during the operation (when the patient is neither breathing nor exhaling)and also delivering the oxygen rich air in proportion set by the user and also allows the patient breathing at the same pressure level at the same time without rise or drop in set pressure.
[0046] In an embodiment, the disclosed system and method enable 2 Stages of control which are used are cascaded i.e. the output of the first stage is the input of the second stage and the final output of the 2nd stage is the input control to the actuators of the system which include first inlet valve, second inlet valve, and expiratory VCA actuator. The input for the First Stage is the Pressure and for 2nd Stage is the flow the desired result is obtained only when all the actuators are in equilibrium and the equilibrium is maintained by the 2 Stage Correction Algorithm (implemented by the system) to ensure the desired output at any time instant. The stability and equilibrium of the system are based on the time instant and the state of the constant variable, where the state of the constant variable comprises at least one of an activation state or a deactivation state
[0047] FIG. 1 illustrates a system on which the disclosed logic system for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit, is implemented in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0048] In an embodiment, the system 100 can be configured to deliver a constant user set pressure throughout its operation and allow the patient to breath spontaneously at a time instant. The system 100 can be configured to maintain a constant Bias Flow at the Expiration Limb when the patient is neither inhaling nor exhaling. Further, the system 100 can be configured to mix air and oxygen during the spontaneous breathing of the patient according to Fio2 set by the user. Further, the system 100 can be configured to maintain the set pressure irrespective of any other condition, and achieve equilibrium of ventilator.
[0049] In an embodiment, the system 100 for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit in a ventilator device comprises a first inlet valve 102, a second inlet valve 104, a mixing chamber 126, and a control system 116 (also known as Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller). The ventilator device operates in a non-invasive mode of ventilation wherein a mask is used for the delivery of ventilator gas into the lungs of a patient by positive pressure. The system 100 comprises the first inlet valve 102 (also known as air source), the second inlet valve 104 (also as known as oxygen source) coupled to a plurality of pressure regulators 106-1, 106-2 respectively. The plurality of pressure regulators 106-1, 106-2 can be configured to control the pressure of a fluid or gas to a desired value, using negative feedback from the controlled pressure. Further, the pressure regulator 106-2 can be coupled to an ON/OFF valve 110, to control the flow of the oxygen. The ON/OFF valve 110 can be further coupled to a differential pressure sensor 112 configured to measure the difference in pressure at one or more ports.
[0050] Further, the PID controller 116 is coupled with a voice coil actuator, where the PID controller 116 can be configured to receive the flow of oxygen and air with positive pressure, and transmitted to the patient through an expiratory limb 122 of an expiration port via a Y-piece 124.
[0051] Further, the pressure regulator 106-1 receives the air from the first inlet valve 102, and the pressure regulator 106-2 receives the oxygen from the oxygen source 104. The contribution of each gas is determined by a user set parameter of set FiO2. One or more proportional valves 108-1, 108-2 can provide the received air and oxygen to a mixing chamber 126 which is associated with a pressure sensor 126. The ventilator gas corresponds to a mixture of air and oxygen that is delivered to a humidifier 130 by taking into consideration a pre-set Fio2 by a user. The combined air and oxygen is provided to the humidifier 126, which adds moisture to the received air to prevent dryness that can cause irritation in many parts of the body of a patient 134. Finally, the flow of oxygen and air is transmitted to the patient 134 through an inspiration limb 132 of an inspiration port via a Y-piece 124.
[0052] In an embodiment, the system 100 includes the PID controller 116 communicatively coupled to a plurality of sensors 112, 114, in the ventilator device and the PID controller 116 on the voice coil actuator can be configured to receive one or more sensor signals from the plurality of sensors 104, 106. The one or more sensor signals are indicative of a drop in pressure in the ventilator device beyond a predetermined threshold pressure. The PID controller 116 can be configured to the constant set pressure continuously at an expiratory limb based on a first stage PID control, a second stage PID control, and an equilibrium of the system, allowing a patient to breath spontaneously at a time instant. The PID controller can determine the leakage in the ventilator device based at least on the one or more sensor signals. The PID controller 116 can be operated on an expiratory VCA actuator incorporating a first input and a second input, wherein the first input is the pressure and the second input is the expiratory flow.
[0053] In another embodiment, the dual limb circuit can comprise an inhalation tube, and an expiration tube. The inhalation tube is configured to provide inhalation air to the patient. The expiration tube is configured to facilitate during expiration the air from the lungs to expire through an expiratory control valve.
[0054] In an embodiment, a non-invasive Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) mode, during the inspiration cycle, the PID controller 106 can be configured to achieve the first stage PID control is coupled to at least one of an inspiratory port, and a expiratory port of the system, and operated based on the feedback of a pressure sensor. The second stage PID control is operated based on the feedback of a flow sensor of the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve. The output of the first stage PID control is provided as an input to the second stage PID control.
[0055] In another embodiment, the system is configured to tune the gain value of at least one of an expiratory actuator and an inspiratory actuator based on predefined range to control the set pressure and a bias flow, wherein the predefined range pertains to tuning the gain value of the expiratory actuator higher than the value of the inspiratory actuator. A constant bias flow is maintained in the expiratory actuator based on a fixed value of bias flow set point. The system can be configured to compute VCA error based on one or more parameters to achieve PID control on expiratory VCA, where the one or more parameters comprises at least one of a current pressure, the constant variable, and a current flow.
[0056] In another embodiment, the system 100 can provide real-time leakage compensation in non-invasive modes of ventilation, where the mask is used for delivery of oxygen rich air into the lungs via positive pressure. The system 100 can determine and compensate for the leakage at different points in the patient circuit. For the logic to properly determine and compensate for any leakage in the patient circuit, the inspiration and expiration limb of the patient circuit shall be connected to the inspiration and expiration port of the ventilator. The system 100 can ensures appropriate behaviour and determination of leakage at all other possible points of connection in the patient circuit. For example, connection of humidifier/filters/water traps/connecting tubing.
[0057] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit is implemented in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0058] In an embodiment, the method 300 for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit includes a first stage PID on pressure and a second stage PID on flow. The first stage PID control runs on the feedback of pressure sensors located on the inspiratory or expiratory port of the ventilator and not on the patient mask. The output of the 1st PID controller is not output to any actuator, rather the output acts as input to the second stage PID controller as shown in the FIG. 2. The second stage PID controller runs on the feedback of flow sensor of air and oxygen. The flow required to be achieved by each gas is calculated on the basis of the Fio2 set by the user in the proportion. The second stage PID controller run on each gas valve to achieve their required flow. Another PID control runs on the Expiratory VCA actuator which has two inputs one input is the pressure and the second input is the expiratory flow, the error calculation for the VCA is as shown in the FIG. 2. The proposed logic achieves the equilibrium of the system by the proper gain tuning of the actuators and the activation and deactivation of the Variable “K” used in the error calculation of the VCA actuator.
[0059] In an embodiment, at step 202, the method 300 for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit at the first stage PID control is initiated. At step 204, the pressure error can be calculated using the below equation (1)
pressure_error=current_pressure -set pressure ------ equation (1)
Further, at step 206, the pressureierror can be calculated using the below equation (2)
pressureierror = sum(pressure_error_t0 to pressure_error_tn)---- equation (2)
At step 208, the pressure_derror can be calculated using the below equation (3)
pressure_derror = (last error-current error)/time ----- equation (3)
At step 210 and 212, the pressurePID1_out can be calculated using the below equation (4)
pressurePID1_out=KPpressure_error+ki*pressure_jerror+kd*pressure_ derror---- equation (4)
At step 214, the method 300 for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit at the second stage PID control is initiated by calculating value of bias_flow_set_point using the below equation (5)
bias_flow_set_point= 3+ pressure_pid1_out ---- equation (5)
At step 216, flow_set point_air = bias_flow_set_point FIO2_set can be obtained from, step 220, PID control on air valve
At step 218, flow_set point_02 = bias_flow_set_point' '(1-FIO2_SET) can be obtained from, step 222, PID control on oxygen valve
At step 224, the VCA error can be calculated using the below equation (6)
VCA_error=current_pressure-set_pressure+k(currentflowset_expiratory_flow) ---- equation (6)
At step 226, the PID control is exerted on the expirarotoy VCA.
[0060] FIGs. 3A-3C illustrates an exemplary graph showing spontaneous breathing of the patient in the control system at predetermined level (e.g., 3LPM-5LPM) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0061] In an embodiment, the graph 300 discloses spontaneous breathing of the patient in the control system at predetermined level (e.g., 3LPM-5LPM) indicated in FIGs. 3A-3C. The time instant and the value at which the K value activates and deactivates determine the stability and equilibrium of the system 100. The values for gains of the expiratory and inspiratory actuators are tuned such that expiratory is more dominant than the inspiratory in controlling the set pressure and bias flow throughout its operation as shown in FIG. 3B. When the Patient is neither inhaling nor exhaling a constant Bias flow is maintained in the expiratory which is ensured by the fact the value of Bias_flow_set_point does not decrease below a particular value for example say 3 LPM or 5LPM. The Spontaneous breathing of the patient in this control system is as shown in figure 3C.
[0062] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary computer system in which or with which embodiments of the present invention can be utilized in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0063] As shown in FIG. 4, computer system 800 can include an external storage device 410, a bus 420, a main memory 430, a read only memory 440, a mass storage device 450, communication port 460, and a processor 470. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that the computer system may include more than one processor and communication ports. Examples of processor 470 include, but are not limited to, an Intel® Itanium® or Itanium 2 processor(s), or AMD® Opteron® or Athlon MP® processor(s), Motorola® lines of processors, FortiSOC™ system on chip processors or other future processors. Processor 870 may include various modules associated with embodiments of the present invention. Communication port 460 can be any of an RS-232 port for use with a modem based dialup connection, a 10/100 Ethernet port, a Gigabit or 10 Gigabit port using copper or fibre, a serial port, a parallel port, or other existing or future ports. Communication port 460 may be chosen depending on a network, such a Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), or any network to which computer system connects. Memory 430 can be Random Access Memory (RAM), or any other dynamic storage device commonly known in the art. Read-only memory 440 can be any static storage device(s) e.g., but not limited to, a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM) chips for storing static information e.g., start-up or BIOS instructions for processor 470. Mass storage 450 may be any current or future mass storage solution, which can be used to store information and/or instructions. Exemplary mass storage solutions include, but are not limited to, Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (PATA) or Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) hard disk drives or solid-state drives (internal or external, e.g., having Universal Serial Bus (USB) and/or Firewire interfaces), one or more optical discs, Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) storage, e.g. an array of disks (e.g., SATA arrays),
[0064] Bus 420 communicatively couples processor(s) 870 with the other memory, storage, and communication blocks. Bus 420 can be, e.g., a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) / PCI Extended (PCI-X) bus, Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), USB or the like, for connecting expansion cards, drives and other subsystems as well as other buses, such a front side bus (FSB), which connects processor 470 to software system.
[0065] Optionally, operator and administrative interfaces, e.g., a display, keyboard, and a cursor control device, may also be coupled to bus 420 to support direct operator interaction with a computer system. Other operator and administrative interfaces can be provided through network connections connected through communication port 460. The external storage device 410 can be any kind of external hard-drives, floppy drives, IOMEGA® Zip Drives, Compact Disc – Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), Compact Disc-Re-Writable (CD-RW), Digital Video Disk-Read Only Memory (DVD-ROM). Components described above are meant only to exemplify various possibilities. In no way should the aforementioned exemplary computer system limit the scope of the present disclosure.
[0066] While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that many embodiments can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention. These and other changes in the preferred embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter to be implemented merely as illustrative of the invention and not as limitation.

ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
[0067] The present disclosure provides a system and method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in dual limb circuit.
[0068] The present disclosure provides a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, which is efficient, cost-effective, dynamic, and simple.
[0069] The present disclosure provides a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, enables the user to add oxygen to the system in case the saturation of the patient decreases in this mode of operation.
[0070] The present disclosure provides a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, which are compact, easy to use ventilator systems to support patients.
[0071] The present disclosure provides a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, to employ non-invasive mechanism to interface to the patient.
[0072] The present disclosure provides disclosure of a system and method for achieving CPAP in dual limb circuit, which eliminates usage of complex computer-based machine learning and neural network algorithms which burden the system with processing of large information.
, Claims:1. A system (100) for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a Dual limb circuit, the system (100) comprises:
a first inlet valve (102) configured to receive air from an external source;
a second inlet valve (104) configured to receive oxygen from the external source;
a mixing chamber (126) coupled to the first inlet valve (102) and the second inlet valve (104), and configured to combine the received air and oxygen, based on a proportion set by an user to achieve a constant set pressure;
a control system (116) configured to deliver the constant set pressure continuously at an expiratory limb (122) based on a first stage PID control, a second stage PID control, and an equilibrium of the system (100), allowing a patient (134) to breath spontaneously at a time instant, wherein the equilibrium of the system (100) is achieved based on one or more factors,
wherein the one or more factors comprises at least one of a gain value of the actuators, an activation and deactivation of a constant variable.

2. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first stage PID control is coupled to at least one of an inspiratory port, and a expiratory port of the system (100), and operated based on the feedback of a pressure sensor,
wherein the second stage PID control is operated based on the feedback of a flow sensor of the first inlet valve (102)and the second inlet valve,
wherein an output of the first stage PID control is provided as an input to the second stage PID control.

3. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PID control is operated on an expiratory VCA actuator incorporating a first input and a second input, wherein the first input is the pressure and the second input is the expiratory flow.

4. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stability and equilibrium of the system (100) are based on the time instant and the state of the constant variable, wherein the state of the constant variable comprises at least one of a activation state or a deactivation state.

5. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (100) is configured to:
tune the gain value of at least one of an expiratory actuator and an inspiratory actuator based on predefined range to control the set pressure and a bias flow, wherein the predefined range pertains to tuning the gain value of the expiratory actuator higher than the value of the inspiratory actuator.

6. The system (100) as claimed in claim 6, wherein a constant bias flow is maintained in the expiratory actuator based on a fixed value of bias flow set point.

7. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dual limb circuit comprises:
an inhalation tube configured to provide inhalation air to the patient (134); and
an expiration tube configured to facilitate during expiration the air from lungs to expired through an expiratory control valve.

8. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system (100) is configured to:
compute VCA error based on one or more parameters to achieve PID control on expiratory VCA, wherein the one or more parameters comprises at least one of a current pressure, the constant variable, and a current flow.

9. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the user is a doctor, an intern, a professional,
and others.

10. A method for achieving Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) in a dual limb circuit, the method comprises:
receiving, by a first inlet valve (102), air from an external source;
receiving, by a second inlet valve (104), oxygen from an external source;
combining, by a mixing chamber (126), the received oxygen and air, based on a proportion set by an user to achieve a constant set pressure;
delivering, by a control system (116), the constant set pressure continuously at an expiratory limb based on a first stage PID control, a second stage PID control, and an equilibrium of the system (100), allowing a patient to breath spontaneously at a time instant, wherein the equilibrium of the system (100) is achieved based on one or more factors,
wherein the one or more factors comprises at least one of a gain value of the actuators, the activation and deactivation of a constant variable.