DESC:TECHNICAL FIELD:

The present invention relates to the field of emission control and environmental sustainability. More specifically, the invention pertains to a novel and adaptive alkaline-based emission capture system designed to effectively capture and mitigate carbon dioxide (CO2) and other harmful gases emitted from various industrial processes using artificial intelligence.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:

One of the most pressing global challenges is climate change, driven primarily by the increase in greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2 including other harmful emissions such as NOx, CO, and SOx. Since the energy consumption of the world is increasing still fossil fuels contribute to the major portion of this energy demand. Many countries are signatories to international agreements like the Paris Agreement, which commits them to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon capture utilization and sequestration (CCUS) is a key tool to help countries meet their emissions reduction targets and fulfill their climate commitments. Carbon capture coupled with emission control systems are instrumental in reducing the concentration of CO2, NOx, CO, and SOx from any gases. By capturing these emissions from power plants, factories, and other industrial processes, the carbon capture systems can significantly reduce Scope 1 emissions and help countries meet their climate targets. Many countries rely heavily on fossil fuels for energy production. Carbon capture technology allows these nations to continue using their indigenous energy resources while reducing their carbon footprint. This enhances energy security by reducing dependence on energy imports and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Numerous industrial processes, such as cement and steel production, emit substantial amounts of CO2. Implementing carbon capture in these hard-to-abate sectors can help reduce their carbon footprints, making them more environmentally sustainable

Further, various combustion platforms such as diesel generators, incinerators, gas turbines, and boilers generate exhaust gas containing a high concentration of pollutants. To remove contaminants contained in the exhaust gas, an absorption tower or a wet-type dust collector/ scrubber is generally used.

Specifically, the wet-type dust collecting apparatus or scrubber is a device for removing contaminants in the exhaust gas by spraying water at a high-temperature exhaust gas. However, flue gas discharged from the wet type dust collecting apparatus has high temperature and high humidity.

The flue gas contains a variety of pollutants including greenhouse gases such as SOx, NOx, PM10, and PM2.5 so the flue gas condensation and falling water contains a large amount of substances including carcinogens that are harmful to the human body, causing the the water to become polluted. This water requires subsequent treatment in an effluent treatment plant.

The various prior art systems that are used to remove CO2 gases from the exhaust of DG sets, boilers, incinerators, kilns, etc. concentrate a pure form of CO2. However, users have to bottle and store the captured CO2 until it is transported with no end in sight for warehousing costs.

Such CO2 capturing systems use amine-based chemicals which may be released as air pollutants if not adequately controlled. Particularly, volatile nitrosamines released in such systems are carcinogenic when inhaled or ingested with water. Further, the CO2 generated using these systems has to be compressed.

However, the compression of CO2 is an energy-intensive process that adds to the parasitic load and indirect emissions. It has been estimated that about 60% of the energy penalty is contributed by the capture process, 30% from the compression of CO2, and the remaining 10% is contributed by the pumps and fans.

Accordingly, there exists a need to provide a system and process for capturing gaseous emissions, which overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS AND FIGURES:

Figure 1 is a schematic layout of a multi-gas emissions capturing system according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic layout of the multi-gas emissions capturing system in an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION:

The present invention is elucidated comprehensively with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is essential to note that the embodiment exemplified herein is not meant to impose any restrictions on the breadth of the present invention. Moreover, this embodiment is to be interpreted as encompassing structural elements that may be readily conceived by individuals skilled in the relevant field or those which are essentially indistinguishable.

The terms "an embodiment," "embodiment," "embodiments," "the embodiment," "the embodiments," "one or more embodiments," "some embodiments," and "one embodiment" signify "one or more (but not all) embodiments of the invention(s)" unless explicitly specified otherwise.

The terms "including," "comprising," and "having," and their variations signify "including but not limited to," unless explicitly specified otherwise. The enumeration of items does not imply mutual exclusivity unless explicitly specified otherwise. The terms "a," "an," and "the" indicate "one or more" unless explicitly specified otherwise.

Unless specifically defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by someone with ordinary skill in the relevant field. While various processes and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in practicing the present invention, the preferred materials and processes are disclosed in this document.

The system incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) enhancement to optimize its performance and adaptability, offering a comprehensive solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting cleaner industrial practices aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of Climate Action. The technology finds applications in diverse industrial sectors, including power generation, manufacturing, chemical processing, and any other activities contributing to harmful emissions.

The present invention relates to an emission-capturing system utilizing alkaline solutions to effectively capture and mitigate harmful emissions from various industrial processes. As concerns about environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions continue to escalate, there is an urgent need for innovative technologies to combat these challenges and promote sustainable practices. Conventional processes for emission control have often proven inadequate, and existing solutions often entail high costs, complex installations, or limited effectiveness in capturing emissions across a broad spectrum of industries.

The emission-capturing system described herein addresses these limitations by harnessing the power of alkaline solutions and wastes as a highly efficient and environmentally friendly absorbent material. Alkaline solutions and wastes have demonstrated exceptional capability in capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) and other noxious gases, making them a promising candidate for wide-scale emission reduction. The novel apparatus combines cutting-edge design and engineering principles to offer a versatile and scalable solution adaptable to diverse industrial settings, such as power plants, cement manufacturing facilities, and chemical processing units, among others.

The process and system of the present invention with its unique design and functionalities showcases its ability to achieve substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants. By harnessing the potential of alkaline solutions and wastes, this technology aims to revolutionize emission control practices, aligning industries with sustainability goals and contributing to a cleaner and more ecologically balanced future.

For illustrative purposes, the present invention embodied in the system is shown and described herein with reference to Figures 1 and 2. The present invention discloses a process and system for capturing multi-gaseous emissions and optimizing its operation using artificial intelligence. The system comprises absorber (s), hopper unit, chemical tank-1, sludge tank, electronic circuit, artificial neural network, and fluid circuit. In the description herein, where certain chemicals are presented in the Sodium and Calcium form, such as Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2, the chemicals applied to the present invention can be in any Alkali metal form. For example, where NaOH and Ca(OH)2 are used, the invention can use MOH and M(OH)n, wherein M is an alkali metal. However, the present invention is described in conjunction with NaOH and Ca(OH)2. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides the use of a homogenous mixture of alkali fly ash and slaked lime.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for capturing multi-gas emissions from a boiler, genset, incinerator exhaust, and any other exhaust containing CO2. Specifically, the primary constituents of combustion gas and similar exhaust emissions are water and carbon dioxide, with additional impurities including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon as well as a minor presence of soot, dust (particulate matter), and other such substances. These impurities need to be removed from the exhaust before emitting into the atmosphere. The process of the present invention is used to remove all the above-mentioned emissions from the exhaust.

The process comprises passing multi-gas emissions received from the exhaust of the boiler, genset, and incinerator or any similar means through a reactor unit. Specifically, the reactor unit is configured for a flow rate for multi-gas emissions of 25000 kg/h and 10000 kg/h and is modular in nature to accommodate larger flow rates.

The process further comprises spraying fly ash-slaked lime mixture over the multi-gas emissions of the reactor unit. In an embodiment, wherein the reactor unit is any one absorber unit and fluidized bed reactor. In an embodiment, 1 part Slaked lime and 9 parts fly ash to make up a total of 10 parts of the mixture used.

Specifically, a water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture is sprayed over the multi-gaseous emission to carbonate the metal oxides in fly ash using the heat generated during the exothermic reaction between any one of quicklime and slaked lime with water.

In an embodiment, maximum 5 parts of slaked lime and 5 parts of fly ash to make up a total of 10 parts of the mixture is used.

In another embodiment, only fly ash (without slaked lime) can be sprayed over the multi-gas emission of the reactor unit

Specifically, the absorber unit with packed column is used to spray water to leach out metal oxides from the multi-gas emission before spraying a solution of the water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture Specifically, 50 to 80 % by weight water and balance fly ash-slaked lime solid mixture as described above, wherein carbonated metal oxide precipitates in the reactor unit when the water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture is sprayed. The carbonated metal oxides precipitate and are separated by gravity because of differences in densities.

The mixture is water-fly ash-slaked lime is continuously sprayed within the reactor unit.

In an embodiment, the operating temperature of the system should be at least 60 °C and at most 250 °C. In an alternate embodiment, a heat exchanger is needed to recover waste heat before the flue gases enter the reactor unit.

Other metal oxides including but are not limited to ferric oxide (Fe2O3), Aluminum oxide (Al2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Sodium Oxide (Na2O), Potassium oxide (K2O) capture the carbon dioxide at varying temperatures with the efficiency of the carbonation reaction increasing with increasing temperatures. The addition of slaked lime or quick lime, its subsequent hydration and carbonation reaction is exothermic, which in turn increases the temperature, resulting in increased CO2 capture by other metal oxides within the packed bed of the absorber unit of the present invention

Specifically, when the water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture is sprayed over the multi-gas emissions in the absorber unit, the water leaches out metal oxides, and then this water in combination with fly ash and slaked lime captures carbon dioxide. The carbonated metal oxides form a precipitate that settles at the bottom of a settling tank by gravity which can then be used in building material. Specifically, carbonates formed in the process are sequestered in the building material.

In an embodiment, the fly ash-slaked lime mixture is the solution of water-fly ash-slaked lime. In another embodiment, the fly ash-slaked lime mixture is a solid fly ash-powdered quicklime mixture.

Specifically, the carbonated fly ash in solid form is obtained when a solid fly ash-powdered quicklime mixture is passed over incoming exhaust gases in the fluidized bed reactor.

In the case of a solid flyash-slaked lime mixture where a fluidized bed is used as the reactor, the fluidized bed reactor increases the particle-to-particle contact between exhaust gases, fly ash, and powdered quicklime bed. In this embodiment, no water is used. Fly ash is introduced to the fluidized bed reactor as a solid and carbonated fly ash is removed from the reactor as a solid. Both mass flow rates are precisely controlled using an electronic control unit. Exhaust gases are allowed to pass through the bed of fly ash causing the bed to fluidize. Specifically, eliminating water helps in heating the fluidized bed so that carbonation of exhaust gases occurs with greater efficiency. Fluidization increases the particle-to-particle contact between exhaust gases fly ash and powdered quicklime bed.

The process furthermore comprises capturing water droplets coming along the multi-emissions using a demister unit.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a system (1000) for capturing multi-gas emissions from a boiler, genset, and incinerator exhaust.

The system (1000) comprises a reactor unit (100) configured for passing multi-gas emissions therethrough. In an embodiment, the reactor unit (100) is any one absorber unit (200) and fluidized bed reactor (200).

In an embodiment, the absorber unit (200) with a packed column is used to spray water to leach out metal oxides from the multi-gas emission before spraying a mixture of solution of water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture. Specifically, the carbonated metal oxide precipitates in the absorber unit (110) when the water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture is sprayed.

The system (1000) further comprises a hopper unit (300) supplying fly ash-slaked lime mixture to the reactor unit (100) to pass over the multi-gas emissions of the reactor unit.

The system (1000) furthermore comprises a demister unit (107) for capturing water droplets coming along the multi-emissions in the reactor unit.

The system (1000) also comprises a separator tank (400) for collecting water from the absorber unit (200). Specifically, the separator tank (400) separates sludge from the absorber unit (200) utilizing gravity allowing water to recirculate within the system, wherein the sludge has a setting time of 1-2 days and hardens under ambient atmospheric conditions to have a compressive strength of 90 to 110 kg/cm2. Also, the recharged water is pumped back to the top of the absorber unit (200) to react with CO2 incoming flue gases.

As shown in Figure 1, the system (1000) comprises the absorber unit (200), a fly ash-slaked lime hopper (300), a separator tank (400), an ECU (500), and a cloud storage (600). The absorber unit (200) is configured to receive exhaust from any type of combustion system such as a boiler, genset, incinerator, and the like through its inlet (101), which flows upwards in the absorber unit (200).

The absorber unit (200) contains one or more levels of the packed bed (103) and a liquid distributor (108) on the exhaust flow rate, the concentration of gases, and the required capturing efficiency. The exhaust gas (11) flows are counter-current with respect to the mixture of fly ash and slaked lime coming from liquid distributor-1 (109). The mixture of fly ash and slaked lime flows over the packed bed-1 (103) which increases the surface area for mass transfer between exhaust (11) and the mixture of fly ash and slaked lime (22). The packed bed (103) is arranged over packed bed support (102) in structured and/or random order. The exhaust gas moves to the packed bed-2 (105), which is placed over the packed bed support (104) in structured and/or random order.

In an embodiment, the fly ash-slaked lime mixture is the solution of the water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture. In another embodiment, the fly ash-slaked lime mixture is a solid fly ash-powdered quicklime mixture

When the water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture is sprayed over the multi-gas emissions in the absorber unit (200), the water leaches out metal oxides, and then this water in combination with fly ash and slaked lime captures carbon dioxide. The carbonated metal oxides form a precipitate that settles at the bottom of a settling tank (400) by gravity which can then be used in building material. Specifically, carbonates formed in the process are sequestered in the building material.

In another embodiment, the solid fly ash-slaked lime mixture when passed through the fluidized bed is used as the reactor (100), the fluidized bed reactor increases the particle-to-particle contact between exhaust gases, fly ash, and powdered quicklime bed. In this embodiment, no water is used. Fly ash is introduced to the fluidized bed reactor as a solid and carbonated fly ash is removed from the reactor as a solid. Both mass flow rates are precisely controlled using an electronic control unit. Exhaust gases are allowed to pass through the bed of fly ash causing the bed to fluidize. Specifically, eliminating water helps in heating the fluidized bed so that carbonation of exhaust gases occurs with greater efficiency. Fluidization increases the particle-to-particle contact between exhaust gases fly ash and powdered quicklime bed.

Specifically, the carbonated fly ash in solid form is obtained when the solid fly ash-powdered quicklime mixture is passed over incoming exhaust gases in the fluidized bed reactor.

Specifically, the exhaust gas (11) flows counter-current with respect to the mixture of fly ash and slaked lime (22). The exhaust gas then moves to the demister unit (107), which is used to remove small liquid droplets moving along with the exhaust. The demister unit (107) is placed above the demister support (106). The clean exhaust, as harmful constituents of gases removed from the exhaust, moves out from the outlet of the absorber (200) to the atmosphere. In an embodiment, the outlet of the absorber unit (200) is incorporated with a gas sensor to calculate the captured efficiency of the gas constituents.

Further, the mixture of fly ash and slaked lime (22) coming out from the liquid distributor-2 (108) falls on the packed bed-2 (105) and it moves down with absorbed gases. Also, the mixture of fly ash and slaked lime (22) coming out from the liquid distributor-1 (109) falls on the packed bed-1 (103) and moves down to the bottom of a second absorber (116). The lean solution collects at the bottom of the second absorber (116) and moves from the absorber (200) to the hopper unit (200) through the liquid discharge pipe (111) using a pump (213) or gravity flow.

Specifically, the inlet (101) connected to the second absorber (116) is slightly offset to the center of the absorber (200) to improve the gas and liquid interaction as well as reduce the flow resistance. Further, the inlet (101) is slightly inclined to the axis of the absorber (116) to improve the vertical movement of fluid. The inlet (101) is incorporated with various sensors such as a gas flow measurement sensor (112), gas sensor (113), temperature sensor (114), and any other sensor. The gas flow measurement sensor (112) measures the volumetric flow rate of the exhaust gas (10) and the data signal goes to the ECU (500). The gas sensor (113) measures the gas constituents in the exhaust gas (10) and the data signal goes to the ECU (500). The temperature sensor (114) measures the temperature of the exhaust gas (10) and the data signal goes to the ECU (500).

The hopper unit (300) is connected to ECU (500) to control its speed and to power ON/OFF. An electronic valve (212) is connected to the hopper unit (300) for more precise control of the mixture of fly ash and slaked lime to the absorber (200). The hopper unit (300) consists of an ultrasonic sensor (302) to sense the level of fly ash and slaked lime in the hopper (300).

For proper mixing of chemicals in the tank, an agitator (202) is used. The agitator (202) is connected to a motor (203) for the precise control of speed and timing. The hopper unit (300) senses the level of mixture of fly ash and slaked lime and its temperature using an ultrasonic sensor and temperature sensor, respectively, and provides data to the ECU.

Specifically, the absorber unit with a packed column is used to spray water to leach out metal oxides from the multi-gas emission before spraying a mixture of a solution of a water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture, wherein carbonated metal oxide precipitates in the absorber unit when the water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture is sprayed.

Fly ash includes but is not limited to ferric oxide (Fe2O3), Aluminum oxide (Al2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), Magnesium Oxide (MgO), Sodium Oxide (Na2O), and Potassium oxide (K2O) capture carbon dioxide at varying temperatures with the efficiency of the carbonation reaction increasing with increasing temperatures. The addition of slaked lime or quick lime, its subsequent hydration and carbonation reaction is exothermic, which in turn increases the temperature, resulting in increased CO2 capture by other metal oxides within the packed bed of the absorber unit of the present invention.

The multi-gas capturing system works smartly and optimally captures gas emissions using an electronic control unit (500). The electronic control unit (500) senses data from various components of the system such as the absorber unit (200), the hopper unit (300), the settling tank (400 and the like. The sensed data is used for controlling pump 211, flow valve 212, sludge pump 204, and agitator motor 203.

Whenever the combustion system starts, the exhaust flows to the inlet of the absorber (200). The flow meter (112), the gas sensor (113), and the thermocouple (114) measure exhaust flow rate, exhaust temperature, and concentration of gaseous emission, respectively, of the exhaust gas, and the data goes to the electronic control (500). The ECU (500) checks if the exhaust temperature or gas concentration is higher than the critical limit, then it will start the pump 211 and agitator motor 203. Further, the ECU (500) acquires various data from other sensors such as the turbidity sensor (206), TDS sensor (207), pH sensor (208), temperature sensor (209), and the ultrasonic sensor (210) incorporated with the hopper unit (300).

The ECU (500) controls the speed of the pump (211), the flow valve (212), the timing of the agitator motor (203), and the timing of the sludge pump (204) using the artificial intelligence model (700. The ECU (500) notifies the user to remove sludge from the sludge tank (400) by sensing the ultrasonic sensor’s (402) data and if the level of sludge is above the critical level. Moreover, The ECU (500) notifies the user to add fly ash and slaked lime to the hopper (300) by sensing the ultrasonic sensor’s (302) data and if the level of the fly ash-slaked lime is below the critical level. The ECU (500) detects the signals from the ultrasonic sensor (210) incorporated into the hopper unit (300) and determines the level of the fly ash-slaked lime solution in the hopper unit (300). If the level of solution is below the critical limit, then it notifies the user to fill the water and add the desired amount of chemicals in the hopper unit (300).

The ECU (500) sends the required information to the cloud, which can be accessed using a suitable cloud platform. Further, the desired parameters can given as inputs to the ECU (500).

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a multi-gase capturing system with a multi-absorber in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

As depicted in Figure 2, the multi-gases capturing system with multi-absorber of this embodiment incorporates, in addition to the components mentioned in the first embodiment, multiple units of absorber 200. The rest of the components in the multi-gases capturing system for this embodiment remain identical to those in the first embodiment of Figure 1. Consequently, the identical components are denoted by the same reference numbers, and their detailed description is omitted.

Considering large flow rates of exhaust and space constraints in the industries mainly for already installed combustion systems. The multi-gas capturing system has been designed considering the limitation of height. Thus, there are four or multiple absorbers (200) in a multi-gases capturing system. The exhaust gas (11) coming from a combustion system enters the manifold which divides the flow into 2 parts and enters the absorber (200) and absorber (200a). The manifold consists of various sensors such as the gas flow measurement sensor (112), gas sensor (113), temperature sensor (114), and any other sensor, as discussed in the first embodiment. The processes in the absorbers (200) and (200a) are similar as discussed in the first embodiment. The exhaust coming out from the absorbers (200) and (200a) moves to another absorbers (200b) and (200c), respectively through pipe arrangements 120. The processes in the absorbers (200b) and (200c) are similar as discussed in the first embodiment. The exhaust moves out from the absorbers (200b) and (200c) through the outlet pipe (110). The outlet pipe (110) incorporates the gas sensor (115) to detect the gas species in it and send the signal to ECU (500) for calculating gas captured efficiency.

In yet another embodiment, a few combustion systems such as coal-fired boilers and incinerator produces exhaust gas which also contains a high amount of soot is shown to be used with the system. The high amount of soot in the exhaust gas can lower the capturing efficiency of the multi-gas capturing system. Then, arrangements need to be made to remove soot from the exhaust before the absorber.

The multi-gases capturing system with a soot separator, in addition to the components mentioned in the first embodiment of Figure 1, added equipment to remove soot. The rest of the components in the multi-gases capturing system for the third embodiment remain identical to those in the first embodiment. Consequently, the identical components are denoted by the same reference numbers, and their detailed description is omitted.

The exhaust gas coming out from the coal-fired boiler moves to the inlet (701) of the electrostatic precipitator (700). There are two electrodes in the electrostatic precipitator (700), which is connected to a high-voltage supply. The soot captured on the wall of the electrostatic precipitator (700) scraps down to the soot collection box (703). After some time, soot can be removed from the collection box (703) from the collection box outlet (704).

Advantages of the invention.

1. The system and process of the present invention is a unique after-treatment system aimed at capturing gaseous emissions of CO2, CO, SOx, NOx, and HC from stationary sources of combustion like Diesel Generator sets, incinerators, and boilers (Solid, liquid and gas fueled).

2. The system when attached to a source of biogas, syngas, or natural gas, removes CO2, CO, H2S, NOx, and SOx allowing only methane (CH4) or hydrogen(H2) and nitrogen to pass through increasing their concentration in the fuel mixture and improves fuel quality.

The foregoing objects of the invention are accomplished and the problems and shortcomings associated with prior art techniques and approaches are overcome by the present invention described in the present embodiment. Detailed descriptions of the preferred embodiment are provided herein; however, it is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but rather as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed system, structure, or matter. The embodiments of the invention as described above and the processes disclosed herein will suggest further modification and alterations to those skilled in the art. Such further modifications and alterations may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

,CLAIMS:1. A process for capturing multi-gas emissions from a boiler, generator set, incinerator, and any other exhaust containing CO2, process comprising:
passing multi-gas emissions through a reactor unit;
spraying any one of the fly ash and fly ash-slaked/quick lime mixture over the multi-gas emissions in the reactor unit; and
capturing water droplets coming along the multi-emissions using a demister unit.

2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reactor unit is any one absorber unit and fluidized bed reactor.

3. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein fly ash-slaked lime mixture is a solution of water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture.

4. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fly ash-slaked lime mixture is a solid fly ash-powdered quicklime mixture.

5. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture is sprayed over the multi-gaseous emission to carbonate the metal oxides in fly ash using the heat generated during the exothermic reaction between any one of quicklime and slaked lime with water.

6. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein carbonated metal oxides precipitate and are separated by gravity because of differences in densities.

7. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbonated fly ash in solid form is obtained when solid fly ash-powdered quicklime mixture is passed over incoming exhaust gases.

8. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed reactor increases the particle-to-particle contact between exhaust gases, fly ash, and powdered quicklime bed in the absence of water.

9. A system for capturing multi-gas emissions from a boiler, genset, and incinerator exhaust, the system comprising:
a reactor unit configured for passing multi-gas emissions therethrough;
a hopper unit supplying any one of the fly ash and fly ash-slaked lime mixture to the reactor unit to pass over the multi-gas emissions of the reactor unit;
a demister unit for capturing water droplets coming along the multi-emissions in the reactor unit; and
a separator tank for collecting water from the reactor unit.

10. The system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the reactor unit is any one packed bed absorber unit and fluidized bed absorber.

11. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein an absorber unit with a packed column is used to absorb multi-gaseous emission in water-fly ash-slaked lime mixture is sprayed over the packed bed to efficiently carbonate the metal oxides in fly ash.

12. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein carbonated metal oxide precipitates in the separator unit when the water-carbonated fly ash-calcium carbonate mixture (sludge) enters the unit under the influence of gravity

13. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the separator tank separates sludge utilizing gravity allowing water to recirculate within the system, wherein the sludge has a setting time of 1-3 hrs and hardens under ambient atmospheric conditions to have a compressive strength of 90 to 110 kg/cm2.

14. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein recharged water is pumped back to the top of the reactor unit to react with CO2 of incoming flue gases.

15. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein an electronic control unit triggers the addition of fly ash-slaked lime mixture to the reactor unit.