FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 OF 1970)
AND
THE PATENT RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
“SYSTEM AND METHOD OF CONFIGURABLE SMART POWER
ADAPTER”
We, RELIANCE JIO INFOCOMM LIMITED, an Indian National, of, 3rd Floor, Maker Chamber-IV, 222, Nariman Point, Mumbai- 400021, Maharashtra, India.
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates generally to power adaptors and power management system, and more particularly, to a configurable smart power adapter wherein the power adapter saves power by avoiding quiescent current flow during no-load condition with an added closed-loop feedback mechanism to recognize the battery/ device charging status as well as the battery/ device health.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
The following description of related art is intended to provide background information pertaining to the field of the disclosure. This section may include certain aspects of the art that may be related to various features of the present disclosure. However, it should be appreciated that this section be used only to enhance the understanding of the reader with respect to the present disclosure, and not as admissions of prior art.
With the improvement in wireless & cellular communication, the number and usage of consumer electronic or handheld devices are increasing exponentially. Also, the Internet of Things (IoT) penetration in Home, Smart Vehicle, and Industrial Automation & Smart Grid will increase the number of connected devices by many fold. In consumer electronics, every device operates on a different power rating. There is a dedicated/specific power adapter to meet each device power rating. These Power Adapter operate on constant voltage charging mode based on load requirements.
An adapter, which may be AC/DC adapter, or AC/DC converter, is a type of external power supply, often enclosed in a case similar to a plug. The power adapter has different common names such as plug pack, plug-in adapter, adapter block, domestic mains adapter, line power adapter, wall wart, power brick, and power adapter. The adapters for battery-powered equipment may be described as chargers or rechargers. The AC adapters are used with electrical devices that require power but do not contain internal components to derive the required

voltage and power from mains power. The internal circuitry of an external power supply is very similar to the design that would be used for a built-in or internal supply. Typically, an adapter is connected to the device at one end and a power socket on the other end. The adapter provides current to the device and charges the battery of the device.
With multiple handheld devices and IoT user equipment (UE), the number of power adapters are increasing exponentially and managing these adapters will be cumbersome. These Adapters usually are ON even in no-load condition and consume some electricity.
The existing power adapters work on a principle of constant voltage and there is no feedback mechanism to know the device or battery status, or to know about the status of the device / battery temperature, power rating, charging status, etc. The drainage of a battery is highly dependent on the load on the battery/ device as battery takes current based on the load condition. For instance, when a video streaming application is running on a handheld device, it will consume more power of the device and will result in faster drainage of the battery. However, if no application is currently running on a handheld device, the battery of the device will drain out very slowly since battery consumption is only based on background processes of the device. The current power adapters operate and draw a small amount (i.e. quiescent current Iq) of current even under No-Load condition (for instance, when no applications are running on the device). This quiescent current & the wall socket being ON most of the time adds to higher power consumption and loss. Based on a survey, the power wasted in standby state amounts to 5 to 10% of residential electricity and it is roughly responsible for 1% of global CO2 emissions.
A battery of a consumer electronics / IoT devices, typically have certain charging and discharging current requirement based on the state of charge. For instance, initially, when the battery is low, the current requirement is high. As the battery gets closer to getting completely charged, the current requirement decreases.

Since existing power adapters work on a principle of constant voltage and there is no feedback mechanism to know the device or battery status, this charging and discharging current requirement of the battery is not taken care of in the current adapters, which results in degradation of the battery.
Further, most of the time while in office or at home environment, the handheld devices such as mobile phones are plugged into the charger always to keep the battery charged at 100%. In this condition, when the battery charge is reduced below 100% (i.e. 99 %, 95 %..), as the charger is always connected in stationary, it immediately starts charging the battery. The battery powered devices when always connected to Power Adaptors have the issue of being stored in high State of Charge (SoC) for long duration and thus degrade the retention capacity and also results in problem of battery swelling & lower battery life. It is known that batteries stored with 100% SOC in 30days @ 25C have 50% retention. Hence current power adapters are inefficient since idling power is wasted and there is degradation of battery life and capacity, as the power supply is left running even when the devices are in no-load condition. Therefore, in view of the above shortcomings in the existing adapter systems, there is a need in the art to provide for adapters that ensures smart power management.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
In order to overcome at least some of the drawbacks mentioned in the previous section and those otherwise known to persons skilled in the art, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a novel method to optimally address the power loss problem by automatically cutting off the power drawn from the power socket under no-load condition by the implementation of closed loop feedback mechanism on the configurable power adapter. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a novel mechanism to control the current drawn by the adapter/wall socket based on device battery charge state. Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an efficient and effective way to determine the usage pattern & threshold logic-based charging when the adapter is always

connected to the socket. Yet another object of the present disclosure is to reduce battery damage, swelling & device damage issues when connected to the socket under no-load condition. Another object of the present disclosure is to help improve the battery life and charge retention capacity of the loads. Yet another object of the present disclosure is to prevent the devices from damage in faulty conditions i.e. during the phases of short-circuit or high current drain. Another object of the present disclosure is to avoid leakage of power under no-load condition or battery full case when switches being enabled, the outlet switch can also be controlled from an external device or smart adapter using wireless protocol.
In order to achieve at least some of the aforementioned objectives, one aspect of the present disclosure relates to an intelligent power adapter for an electronic device comprising at least one rechargeable battery, the adapter comprising at least one pulse width modulation module, at least one controller connected to said pulse width modulation module, and a load management subsystem connected to said controller and said pulse width modulation module. The controller is configured to provide charging current from a power supply to the at least one re-chargeable battery of the electronic device via said pulse width modulation module. The load management subsystem is configured to monitor a real-time health information of at least one of said at least one re-chargeable battery and said electronic device and monitor a real-time load information on said electronic device. The controller is further configured to process at least one of said real-time health information and said real-time load information to generate an adjusted charging current value, and control a charging current provided to the controller to charge said at least on re-chargeable battery of the electronic device based on said adjusted charging current value.
Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device via an intelligent adapter, said electronic device comprising at least one rechargeable battery. The method

comprises monitoring, by a load management subsystem of the intelligent adapter, a real-time health information of at least one of said at least one re-chargeable battery and said electronic device and a real-time load information on said electronic device. Subsequently, at least one of said real-time health information and real-time load information are processed to generate an adjusted charging current value. Based on this adjusted charging current value, charging current provided to a controller of the intelligent adapter to charge said at least on re-chargeable battery of the electronic device is then controlled by the intelligent adapter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosed methods and systems in which like reference numerals refer to the same parts throughout the different drawings. Components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Some drawings may indicate the components using block diagrams and may not represent the internal circuitry of each component. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that disclosure of such drawings includes disclosure of electrical components, electronic components or circuitry commonly used to implement such components. Figure 1 illustrates the environment in which the intelligent power adapter is used, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 illustrates an architecture of the intelligent power adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 3 illustrates an architecture of the controller of the intelligent power adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 illustrates an architecture of the pulse width modulation module of the intelligent power adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

Figure 5 illustrates an architecture of the load management system of the intelligent power adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 6 illustrates an architecture of the electronic device to which the intelligent power adapter may be connected, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 7 illustrates the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device via an intelligent adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 8 illustrates a first instance of implementation of the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device via an intelligent adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 9 illustrates a second instance of implementation of the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device via an intelligent adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 10 illustrates a third instance of implementation of the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device via an intelligent adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 11 illustrates a fourth instance of implementation of the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device via an intelligent adapter, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The foregoing shall be more apparent from the following more detailed description of the disclosure.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, various specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent, however, that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. Several features described hereafter can each be used independently of

one another or with any combination of other features. An individual feature may not address all of the problems discussed above or might address only some of the problems discussed above. Some of the problems discussed above might not be fully addressed by any of the features described herein.
The ensuing description provides exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the exemplary embodiments will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth.
Specific details are given in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, circuits, systems, networks, processes, and other components may be shown as components in block diagram form in order not to obscure the embodiments in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the embodiments.
Also, it is noted that individual embodiments may be described as a process which is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a data flow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process is terminated when its operations are completed but could have additional steps not included in a figure. A process may correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc. When a process corresponds to a function, its termination can correspond to a return of the function to the calling function or the main function.

The present disclosure relates to an intelligent power adapter and a charging method based on a feedback mechanism. The intelligent power adapter of the present disclosure monitors the load condition and the health of the battery and/or device and controls the charging current based on such monitoring. As used herein, a “processor” or “processing unit” includes one or more processors, wherein processor refers to any logic circuitry for processing instructions. A processor may be a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in association with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits, Field Programmable Gate Array circuits, any other type of integrated circuits, etc. The processor may perform signal coding data processing, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the working of the system according to the present disclosure. More specifically, the processor or processing unit is a hardware processor.
As used herein, a “controller” or “control unit” includes one or more controllers, wherein the controller refers to any logic circuitry for processing instructions. A controller may be a general-purpose controller, a special-purpose controller, a conventional controller, a digital signal controller, a plurality of microcontrollers, one or more microcontrollers in association with a DSP core, a microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuits, Field Programmable Gate Array circuits, any other type of integrated circuits, etc. The controller may perform signal coding, data processing, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that enables the working of the system according to the present disclosure. More specifically, the controller or control unit is a hardware processor. As used herein, “memory unit” refers to a machine or computer-readable medium including any mechanism for storing information in a form readable by a computer or similar machine. For example, a computer-readable medium includes read-only memory (“ROM”), random access memory (“RAM”), magnetic

disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices or other types of machine-accessible storage media.
Referring to Fig. 1, where an environment in which the intelligent power adapter [104] may be used, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, is shown. As shown in Fig.1, one end of the intelligent adapter [104] of the invention is, in operation, connected to an electrical socket [102]. The other end of the adapter [104] is connected to the electronic device/load [106]. The connection between the adapter [104] and the electrical socket [102] and electronic device [106] may be a wired or wireless connection. Wired connection may include coaxial cables, copper wires, fiber optics, or any other wired connection as known to a person skilled in the art. Wireless connection may include connection via a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) or Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN).
The electrical socket [102] is any electricity power point that is connected to the AC power supply grid and is capable of providing electric power. The electrical socket [102] may be a wall socket typically mounted in a wall. The electrical socket [102] comprises of one or more pins wherein a plug can be inserted into the electrical socket via the pins. The electrical socket [102] also comprises of, or is accompanied by, an electrical switch (not shown in the figure), wherein the switch regulates the current flowing from the power supply to the socket [102]. As used herein, the electronic device [106], refers to any electrical, electronic, electromechanical and computing device that comprises of at least one re¬chargeable battery. Electronic devices [106] may include but is not limited to a mobile phone, a smartphone, laptop, personal digital assistant, tablet computer, general purpose computer, television sets, or any other electronic or computing device as may be obvious to a person skilled in the art. The electronic device [106] is discussed in detail in the ensuing paragraphs with respect to Figure 6. Although, a typical environment in which the invention may be implemented is shown in Fig. 1, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that such

environment is only for the purpose of illustration and the intelligent adapter [104] may be used in any other environment comprising more, less, or different elements than shown in Fig. 1.
Referring to Fig. 2, wherein an architecture of the intelligent adapter [104] is shown. As shown in Fig. 2, the adapter [104] comprises at least one controller [202], at least one pulse width modulation (PWM) module [204] and a load management sub-system [206], all components connected to each other. The controller [202] is a central processing unit of the adapter configured to support basic processing functionalities, charging and discharging with the help of the pulse width modulation (PWM) module [204] and the load management sub-system [206]. The controller [202] is configured to provide charging current from a power supply to the at least one re-chargeable battery of the electronic device [106] via said pulse width modulation module [204]. The controller [202] is discussed in further detail in the ensuing paragraphs with reference to figure 3. The load management sub-system [206] is configured to monitor a real-time health information of the re-chargeable battery and/or the electronic device [106]. The load management sub-system [206] is also configured to monitor a real-time load information on said electronic device [106]. The load management sub-system [206] processes the real-time health information and/or the real¬time load information to generate an adjusted charging current value, and control a charging current provided to the controller [202] to charge said at least on re-chargeable battery of the electronic device [106] based on said adjusted charging current value. The load management sub-system [206] is discussed in further detail with reference to Figure 5.
Referring to Figure 3, wherein the architecture of the controller [202] is shown. As shown in Figure 3, the controller [202] comprises at least an arithmetic and logical unit [302], a memory [304], an interface [306] and a radio frequency transceiver [308], all components connected to each other.

The arithmetic and logical unit [302] is configured to control the charging current provided by the controller [202] to the pulse width modulation module [204]. More specifically, the arithmetic and logical unit [302] is configured to receive the adjusted charging current value calculated by the load management sub¬system [206] and provide controlled charging current to the pulse width modulation module [204] based on the received adjusted charging current. For instance, if the adjusted charging current value received from the load management sub-system [206] is zero, i.e. if the load management sub-system [206] has detected that the load is removed and charging current is not required, then the arithmetic and logical unit [302] will control the charging current accordingly and shall not pass any charging current to the pulse width modulation module [204].
The memory [304] comprises a Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or a Flash memory. The memory [304] is configured to receive from the load management sub-system [206] the real-time health information and the real time load information of the at least one re-chargeable battery [608] and/ or the electronic device [106] and store the same. The memory [304] is also configured to store the historical load information and health information. Further, the memory [304] also stores the adjusted charging current value calculated by the load management sub-system [206]. The memory [206] may store any other information required for the processing operations performed by the adapter [104].
The Interface [306] comprises the physical connectivity for the reading the voltage, current, etc. It would comprise Analog to Digital Converters to convert the Analog signals and Digitize to process by the ALU [302].
The RF Interface [308] comprises the physical interface to communicate over Radio Link. It is to support forward looking features for Wireless Charging and other Wireless Transmission.

Figure 4 illustrates an architecture of the pulse width modulation module [204] of the intelligent power adapter [104], in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 4, the PWM module [204] includes a PWM switch [410] connected to a AC OVP and BO module [402], a supply and UVLO/OVP module [404], a CC & CV control module [406] and a OCP module [408]. The AC OVP and BO module [402] is configured to support over-voltage protection and brownout protection. Further, the supply and UVLO/OVP module [404] is configured to provide for under-voltage protection support. The CC & CV control module [406] is configured to support constant current and constant voltage at the PWM module [204]. The OCP module [408] is configured to provide over current protection support.
Figure 5 illustrates an architecture of the load management sub-system [206] of the intelligent power adapter [104], in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in figure 5, the load management sub-system [206] comprises of at least one monitoring unit [502], at least one processor [504] and at least one controller [506], all components connected to each other. The monitoring unit [502] is configured to monitor the real-time health information of at least one of the at least one re-chargeable battery [608] and said electronic device [106]. The monitoring unit [502] is also configured to monitor the real-time load information on said electronic device [106]. The real¬time health information includes, but is not limited to, current temperature of the at least on rechargeable battery [608], current temperature of the electronic device [106] and a current charge state of said at least one rechargeable battery [608]. The real-time load information includes, but is not limited to, an amount of current or voltage drawn by the adapter [104] from the power supply. The processor [504] is configured to receive the real-time health information of at least one of the at least one re-chargeable battery [608] and said electronic device [106] and the real-time load information on said electronic device [106] from the monitoring unit [502] and process the same to generate an adjusted

charging current value. The generation of the adjusted charging current value is
discussed in detail in the ensuing paragraphs.
The controller [506] is configured to control a charging current provided to the
controller [202] of the adapter [104] to charge said at least on re-chargeable
battery [608] of the electronic device [106] based on said adjusted charging
current value.
Figure 6 illustrates an architecture of the electronic device [106] to which the
intelligent power adapter [104] may be connected, in accordance with exemplary
embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, the electronic
device [106] comprises at least one processor [602], a battery management
system [604], a Power Management Integrated Circuit (PMIC) [606] and at least
one rechargeable battery [608], all components connected to each other.
The at least one re-chargeable battery [608] is an electric battery comprising one
or more electro-chemical cells, such that the battery [608] when discharged, can
be re-charged. The battery [608] is the source of power for the electronic device
[106].
Further, the processor [602] is configured to perform the operations of the
electronic device [106]. The PMIC [606] is configured to provide power
management functions for the electronic device [106] including, but not limited
to, battery charging, voltage scaling, power source selection, etc.
The battery management system [604] is configured to monitor the charging
status of the battery [608], battery health, battery temperature, etc. The battery
management system [604] transmits this information to the adapter [104] either
periodically or in response to a request signal received from the adapter. The
invention also encompasses continuous transmission of information from the
battery management system [604] to the adapter [104].
Referring to Figure 7, that illustrates the method of controlling a charging current
provided to an electronic device [106] via an intelligent adapter [104], in
accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The method

begins at step [702]. The invention encompasses that the method begins when the adapter [104] is connected to the electrical socket [102] and the device [106].
At step [704], real-time health information of the at least one rechargeable battery [608] and/or the electronic device [106] is monitored by the load management sub-system [206]. As indicated above, real-time health information may include, but is not limited to, current temperature of the at least one rechargeable battery [608], current temperature of the electronic device [106] and a current charge state of said at least one rechargeable battery [608]. The current temperature of the rechargeable battery [608] and the electronic device [106] may be measured by one or more internal temperature sensors of the electronic device [106] and may be provided by the electronic device [106] to the adapter [104]. The current charge state of said at least one rechargeable battery [608] may be determined by the battery management system [604] and may be provided by the electronic device [106] to the adapter [104].
This monitoring of real-time health information of the at least one rechargeable battery [608] and/or the electronic device [106] at step [704] is a continuous and dynamic process and does not end when the method moves to the next step. At step [706], a real-time load information on said electronic device [106] is monitored by the load management system [206]. This load information comprises an amount of current or voltage drawn by the adapter [104] from the power supply via the electrical socket [102]. This information may also be provided to the load management sub-system [206] by the battery management system [604]. The monitoring of load information is also a dynamic and continuous process and does not end when the method proceeds to step [708]. Thereafter, at step [708], the battery management sub-system [206] processes the real-time health information and/or real-time load information to generate an adjusted current value. Processing of the real-time health information includes determining a current temperature of the rechargeable battery [608]

and/or the electronic device [106], wherein this temperature information may be received from the battery management system [608]. Processing real-time health information further includes comparing the determined current temperature of the rechargeable battery [608] and/or the electronic device [106] with a corresponding threshold temperature of the rechargeable battery [608] and/or the electronic device [106]. For instance, the current temperature of the rechargeable battery [608] determined by the battery management system [604] may be 64 degrees Celsius. This value is then compared with the threshold temperature value of the re-chargeable battery [608], say 60 degrees Celsius. Since the temperature of the battery [608] is more than the threshold, the adjusted charging current is so calculated to reduce the presently supplied charging current value.
Processing the real-time load information includes determining a current load on said electronic device [106], wherein this load information may be received from the battery management system [604]. Processing the load information further includes calculating the adjusted charging current value based on the current load and a historical load information. The historical load information includes load on the electronic device [106] at one or more previous instances of time. For instance, if the current load is less than the historical load, the adjusted charging current value calculated may be such as to reduce the presently supplied charging current value.
Subsequently, at step [710], the load management sub-system [206] controls the charging current provided to the controller [202] based on the adjusted charging current value calculated in the previous step. For instance, if the adjusted charging current value is 352 mA, the same is provided to the controller [202] for charging the at least one re-chargeable battery [608] of the electronic device [106]. Thereafter, the method terminates at step [712].
Figure 8 illustrates a first instance of implementation of the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device [106] via an

intelligent adapter [104], in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The invention encompasses that the method begins when the adapter [104] is connected to the electrical socket [102] and the device [106]. Step [804] of the invention includes, monitoring by the load management subsystem [206], a real-time health information of the battery [608]. As mentioned above, the real-time health information of the battery [608] includes a state of charge of the battery [608], i.e. the percentage to which the battery [608] has been charged at the moment. This information relating to the current state of charge of the battery [608] maybe received from the battery management system [604].
Next, step [806], load management sub-system [206] determines if the state of charge of the battery [608] is 100%. If the charge is 100%, the method proceeds to step 808, else back to step 802. At step [808], the method calculates an adjusted charging current value and thereafter terminates at step [810]. For instance, if at step [806], the state of charge of the battery is determined to be hundred percent, the adjusted charging current value calculated at step [808] is zero. Therefore, if the device [106] is completely charged the invention encompasses that no more charging current is provided to the battery [608] so as to prevent overcharging of the battery [608] and subsequent overheating of the battery [608].
The invention also encompasses determining adjusted current value based on the current state of charge of the battery [608]. For instance, the load management sub-system [206] may maintain the following table, in accordance with which the charging current is determined based on the current state of charge of the battery [608].

Terminal Voltage Charger output current Battery %
3.449V 727mA 0%
3.815V 736mA 17%
3.954V 736mA 47%

3.983V 736mA 56%
4.068V 734mA 71%
4.022V 421mA 75%
4.138V 734mA 80%
4.169V 723mA 84%
4.180V 578mA 88%
4.183V 538mA 88%
4.190V 460mA 92%
4.200V 352mA 94%
4.200V 000mA 100%
Accordance with the above table, if the load management subsystem [206] determines that the current state of charge of the battery [608] is 75%, the adjusted current value maybe determined to be 421 mA.
Figure 9 illustrates a second instance of implementation of the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device [106] via an intelligent adapter [104], in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 9, the method begins at step [902]. The invention encompasses that the method begins when the adapter [104] is connected to the electrical socket [102] and the device [106].
At step [904], the invention includes monitoring the real-time health information of the at least one rechargeable battery [608] and/or the electronic device [106]. As mentioned above, the health information of the battery [608] and the electronic device [106] includes the temperature of the battery [608] and electronic device [106]. As is well known, the temperature of a battery [608] / electronic device [106] may arise due to various reasons such as repetitive charging, over charging, continuous use of the electronic device [106], etc. This rise in temperature of the battery [608] / electronic device [106] affects the health of the battery and may even result in damage of the battery [608] or the

entire device [106]. If the temperature of the battery [608] / electronic device [106] rises above a threshold, and charging of the battery is continued, the temperature may further rise resulting in damage, and sometimes irreparable damage of the battery [608] / electronic device [106]. Thus, monitoring of the temperature of the battery [608] / electronic device [106] is crucial. This step of monitoring the health information of the battery [608] and/or electronic device [106] is a continuous step and does not end when the method proceeds to step [906].
In an instance, the temperature of the re-chargeable battery may be determined to be 64 degree Celsius. This current temperature information may be received by the load management sub-system [206] from the battery management system [604] of the device [106].
At step [906], the method checks if the temperature of the re-chargeable battery [608] or the electronic device [106] is greater than the corresponding threshold value of the re-chargeable battery [608] or the electronic device [106]. For instance, in the above example, if the threshold value of the battery [608] is 60 degree Celsius, the method at [906] determines that the current temperature of the battery [608] is greater than the threshold.
The invention encompasses that the threshold temperature of the electronic device [106] and the battery [608] is stored in the electronic device [106] or the controller [202] of the adapter [104]. The invention also encompasses that the load management subsystem learns the threshold temperature of the electronic device [106] and the battery [608] based on the information received from the battery management system [604].
If it is determined that the temperature of the re-chargeable battery [608] or the electronic device [106] is greater than the threshold temperature of the re¬chargeable battery [608] or the electronic device [106], the method proceeds to step [908] else back to step [904].

Subsequently, at step [908], the charging current value is adjusted based on the real-time health information of the re-chargeable battery [608] or the electronic device [106]. For instance, in the above example, since the current temperature of the re-chargeable battery is determined to be above the threshold, the adjusted current value calculated by the load management subsystem is zero mA. The invention, therefore, acts as an additional safety measure for the battery [608] and the electronic device [106]. Thereafter, the method terminates at step [910].
Figure 10 illustrates a third instance of implementation of the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device [106] via an intelligent adapter [104], in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The method begins at step [1002]. The invention encompasses that the method begins when the adapter [104] is connected to the electrical socket [102] and the device [106].
At step 1004, the load management sub-system [206] monitors the load information on the electronic device [106]. This monitoring step is continuous and does not terminate when the matter proceeds to step 1006. At step 1006, the method determines if the electronic device [106] has been removed from the charging socket. If the device has been removed the method proceeds to step 1008, else back to step 1004. At step 1008, the adjusted charging current value is calculated is by the load management subsystem [206]. For instance, if at step 1006, the method determines that the electronic device [106] has been removed from the adapter [104], the adjusted charging current value calculated at step 1008 is zero mA. Therefore, once the device has been removed from charging (i.e. no-load condition) the invention facilitates that the current value is adjusted to zero to prevent wastage of power consumed by the adapter [104]. Thereafter, the method terminates at step 1010.
The invention encompasses a pre-determined timer to check on the load condition of the electronic device [106]. For instance, if the timer says 1 minute,

the load management sub-system [206] checks the real-time load information on the electronic device [106] after every one minute.
Figure 11 illustrates a fourth instance of implementation of the method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device [106] via an intelligent adapter [104], in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The method begins at step [1102].
At step [1104] the method includes monitoring the real-time load information on the electronic device [106]. This step is continuous and does not end when the method proceeds to step [1106]. At step [1106], the method determines if the adapter [104] is connected to the device [106], in which case the method proceeds to step [1108] else back to step [1104]. If the device [106] is not connected to the adapter [104], the monitoring continues.
At step [1108], the current state of charge of the battery [608] is determined. Further, at step [1110], if the method determines that the charge is less than the threshold, the method proceeds to step [1112], else to step [1116]. At step [1112], the method determines if the current temperature of the battery [608] / device [106] is less than the corresponding threshold temperatures. If yes, the method proceeds to step [1114], wherein charging is continued and the method terminates at step [1118]. Alternatively, if the current temperature of the battery [608] / device [106] is not less than the corresponding threshold temperatures, the method proceeds to step [1116]. At step [1116], an adjusted charging current value is calculated by the load management sub-system [206] pursuant to which the method terminates at step [1118].
In an example, say a mobile device of a user is always connected to the power adapter throughout the day. In such a case, the battery of the mobile device gets charged to 100%. Subsequently, even if the mobile device is not used by the user, the battery self-discharges to say 95%. A convention power adapter in such a case starts re-charging the battery. This charging and discharging cycle therefore continues. If the mobile device battery has an efficiency of 300

charging cycles, this threshold is quickly reached due to the inefficient charging and discharging cycle as described. Once this threshold of 300 cycles is reached, the retention capacity of the battery reduces thus impacting the user experience of the mobile device. However, if the intelligent adapter [104] is used with the mobile device, this problem is eliminated since the load management sub-system [206] of the intelligent adapter [104] communicates continuously with the battery management system [604] of the electronic device [106] and detects that the state of charge of the battery only says 95% and there is currently no-load on the device [106], and based on this information does not provide any charging current to the battery [608].
The invention also encompasses monitoring of the charging pattern of the electronic device [106]. For instance, if the adapter [104] is always connected to the electronic device [106], the intelligent adapter [104] is configured to charge the battery [608] only when battery capacity is less than 50-70%. The invention also encompasses providing to the user a pop-up message on the electronic device [106] to allow charging in emergency cases.
The interface, module, memory, database, processor and component depicted in the figures and described herein may be present in the form of a hardware, a software and a combination thereof.The connection shown between these components/module/interface in the adapter [104] are exemplary and any components/module/interface in the adapter [104] may interact with each other through various logical links and/or physical links. Further, the components/module/interface may be connected in other possible ways. Though a limited number of module, memory, database, processor and other components have been shown in the figures, however, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the overall system of the present invention encompasses any number and varied types of these entities/elements. While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the disclosed embodiments, it will be appreciated that many embodiments can be made and

that many changes can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles of the present invention. These and other changes in the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art, whereby it is to be understood that the foregoing descriptive matter to be implemented is illustrative and non-limiting.

We Claim:
1. An intelligent power adapter [104] for an electronic device [106]
comprising at least one rechargeable battery [608], the adapter [104]
comprising:
- at least one pulse-width modulation module [204];
- at least one controller [202] connected to said pulse-width modulation module [204], said controller [202] configured to provide charging current from a power supply to the at least one re¬chargeable battery [608] of the electronic device [106] via said pulse-width modulation module [204]; and
- a load management subsystem [206] connected to said controller [202] and said pulse-width modulation module [204], said load management subsystem [206] configured to:
monitor a real-time health information of at least one of said at
least one re-chargeable battery [608] and said electronic device
[106],
monitor a real-time load information on said electronic device
[106],
process at least one of said real-time health information and said
real-time load information to generate an adjusted charging
current value, and
control a charging current provided to the controller [202] to
charge said at least on re-chargeable battery of the electronic
device [106] based on said adjusted charging current value.
2. The intelligent power adapter [104] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the
load management subsystem [206] is configured to receive said health
information from a battery management system of the electronic device
[106].

3. The intelligent power adapter [104] as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pulse width modulation module [204] is configured to support at least one of a current protection, a voltage protection, a short protection, and a temperature protection.
4. The intelligent power adapter [104] as claimed in claim 1, wherein said real-time health information comprises current temperature of the at least on rechargeable battery [608], current temperature of the electronic device [106] and a current charge state of said at least one rechargeable battery [608].
5. The intelligent power adapter [104] as claimed in claim 1, wherein said real-time load information comprises an amount of current or voltage drawn by the adapter [104] from the power supply.
6. A method of controlling a charging current provided to an electronic device [106] via an intelligent adapter [104], said electronic device [106] comprising at least one rechargeable battery [608], the method comprising:

- monitoring, by a load management subsystem [206] of the intelligent adapter [104], a real-time health information of at least one of said at least one re-chargeable battery [608] and said electronic device [106];
- monitoring, by a load management subsystem [206] of the intelligent adapter [104], a real-time load information on said electronic device [106];
- processing, by a load management subsystem [206] of the intelligent adapter [104], at least one of said real-time health information and real-time load information to generate an adjusted charging current value; and
- controlling, by a load management subsystem [206] of the intelligent adapter [104], a charging current provided to a controller [202] of the intelligent adapter [104] to charge said at least on re-chargeable

battery of the electronic device [106] based on said adjusted charging current value.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein processing, by a load
management subsystem [206] of the intelligent adapter [104], said real¬
time health information comprises:
- determining at least one of a current temperature of the at least one rechargeable battery [608] and a current temperature of the electronic device [106];
- comparing said at least one of a current temperature of the at least on rechargeable battery [608] and a current temperature of the electronic device [106] with a corresponding at least one of a threshold temperature of the at least on rechargeable battery [608] and a threshold temperature of the electronic device [106]; and
- calculating the adjusted charging current value based on said comparison.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein processing, by a load
management subsystem [206] of the intelligent adapter [104], said real¬
time load information comprises:
- determining a current load on said electronic device [106]; and
- calculating the adjusted charging current value based on said current load and a historical load information.
9. The method as claimed in claim 6 further comprising storing said real¬
time health information and said real-time load information in the
intelligent adapter [104].