FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure relates to electro-mechanical system with digital signal processing techniques used for energy harvesting sensor system for railroad rolling stock and more particularly relates to the sensor system which is used for achieving the objective like reliability and low cost.
DEFINITIONS OF THE TERMS USED IN THE SPECIFICATION
The term "AEI" used herein refers to "Automatic Equipment Identifier" technique. The term "RFID" used herein refers to "Radio Frequency Identification" technique.
The term "GPS" used herein refers to "Global Positioning System" technique.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Modern Railroad Systems which try to optimize on speed, timely delivery of goods and passenger safety needs to understand many different parameters from the wagons / coaches.
This can be achieved by number of sensors added to the wagons to monitor these parameters. All these sensors require some form of signal processing unit which consume energy to give out meaningful data. Various types of data are sorted by the railroad operator such as vibration on the axle, temperature of the bearings, leaf spring deflections, coupler deflections etc. Analysis of the data illustrates the present working conditions of the system, from which hazardous conditions can be isolated and the system can be stopped or slowed down accordingly. Such a multisensory system requires a lot of wiring thus making reliability an issue and increase in cost as well.
Another way is to have RFID tags installed on the wagons, which are read by the way side tag readers and the wagon passive data such as type and serial number are communicated to the central monitoring station.

Sensor data and data from RFID tags can be picked up by HOTBOX detectors transmitting it to the central station or wayside RFID readers. It has been observed that closer the hot box detection units the better is the control on the travel speed. Way side installation involves on spot maintenance and connectivity issues. Many times the hotbox detects a hot spot it may have been too late.
Thus there is no comprehensive solution available. For many railroads it is not practical to install such RFID and Hotbox readers at very close intervals such as every 20 miles etc. for better traffic management. Going by the same logic as the traffic and business needs increase a closer spacing may become necessary. Thus maintain desired the spacing between the detectors is a major challenge of the present system.
Further, the continuous monitoring can invite a large amount of power requirement which necessarily needs to be supplied through a battery as no electrical power is available on the chassis also a long battery life is required especially when the wagons are not moving. High power consumption is a lacuna of the present system which could be overcome by having for energy harvesting.
Furthermore the existing HOT BOX has heavy maintenance and reliability issues especially under extreme conditions of snow and dust. Hence there exists a need to have a system and method which addresses the above challenges & lacuna effectively in a current railroad management system.
The objects of the proposed disclosure overcome these challenges and lacunae of the existing system. Details of the proposed interface definitions & the additions are detailed below in the following sections with elaborate set of use cases.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
Some of the objects of the present disclosure aimed to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative are described herein below:
An object of the present invention is to provide a system to fulfill the long felt need for an accident free, optimized speed travel.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for comprehensive railroad management which is reliable and cost as well as energy efficient.
Further object of the present invention is to provide a multi parameter integrated sensor which transmits the required data to the central controller using minimum
wiring.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a battery which will long lasting and self-energy generating.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a system which has less maintenance under extreme conditions of temperature, snow or dust.
Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying figures, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention provides a system for energy harvesting used in rail road management. The system includes at least one coupling

mounted device, an axle mounted device and a spring mounted device wherein; each of these devices comprises at least one sensor to collect the details of abnormal conditions. The sensor mounted in coupling mounted device is responsible for identifying the details of abnormal condition in the coupling, similarly the sensors in the axel mounted and spring mounted device collects the information about the pre-determined abnormal conditions in the axel and spring respectively. Further, these devices also comprise a mechanism for converting the vibration and motion present in the coupling, axel and spring into electric energy.
The system further includes a controller which in connection with the coupling mounted, axle mounted and spring mounted device using only two wires. The energy generated by the coupling, axel and spring mounted devices is received at the controller using the two wires which is stored using suitable means. Whenever required the energy is supplied to the devices using the same two wires from the controller. Further the various parameters of interest captured by the sensors are sent to the controller for further analysis using the two wires. The controller on receipt of the data modulates process and computes it to draw the inferences. Further, the controller also has communication capabilities as may be required such as GPS, GPRS, ZIGBEE etc. It will also have a 3D accelerometer for its own assessment of movement.
The controller according to the present invention comprises a smart power saving module which is configured to detect the motion; and change the status of the complete system to sleep mode if no motion is detected for the predetermined period of time. Furthermore, the controller can be connected with the remote central server for transmitting and receiving the information and instructions from the remote location.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a system for monitoring the parameters of the container installed on the wagons. The system includes a container monitoring system which is in communication with the controller for monitoring the parameters of the container. The monitoring system comprises of active container Tag installed on the container and capable of monitoring the various parameters of the

container including but not limited to vibrations, bump, unusual velocity, acceleration change; the tag is further configured to communicate the monitored parameters to the controller. Furthermore, the present system is equipped with the GPS positioning technique to track the number of wagons and the wagon consist of the train based on its motion.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:
FIGURE 1 illustrates Block Diagram of the Solution according to the present invention.
FIGURE 2 illustrates General Embodiment of a conceptual Sensor belonging to Embodiment one according to the present invention.
FIGURE 3a: illustrates the way the Rotor will cause variations in air gap in response to vibration effects belonging to Embodiment one.
FIGURE 3b: Shows the way the Rotor will cause variations in air gap in response to Variation in Temperature of the axle shaft - belonging to Embodiment one
FIGURE 4 Shows General Block Diagram belonging to Embodiment two.
FIGURE 5 shows one of the methods to realize the connections between the sensors and the Gateway unit.
FIGURE 6 shows One another methods to realize the connections between the sensors and the Gateway unit.
FIGURE 7 shows one possible way of utilizing the invention in a railroad wagon and approximate location of each item.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
A preferred embodiment will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiment does not limit the scope and ambit of the disclosure. The description provided is purely by way of example and illustration.
The system and method of the present invention assists to achieve a safe and a reliable travel of the wagon throughout its journey to its destination by monitoring vital parameters of the wagon and acting on this information to set it's over all current parameters to maximize the travel speed and reduce the down time. Further the present invention provides a reliable and cost effective system for monitoring of various parameters. The system proposed in the present invention utilizes an energy harvesting sensors thus improving the stand by battery life.
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
The system and method of the present disclosure will be described herein below with reference to FIGURES 1 to 7.
Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram of the sensor system proposed by the present invention. The system comprises of coupling mounted device (102), an axle mounted

device (104) and a spring mounted device (106) which are wired to the central signal and communications controller (108) mounted on wagon. The number of sensors deployed for 102, 104 and 106 will depend on the type of wagon, the number of the axles etc. while the signal Conditioning and communications controller (108), now onwards referred to as the Controller, is usually one in number.
The coupling mounting device (102) comprises a coupler mounted sensor which will transmit details of pull on each coupling, abnormal conditions in each coupling etc. to the controller (108). In addition, this device converts vibration and Simple harmonic motion into energy harvesting mode and transmits the result on the power lines to the Controller (108).
The axle mounted device (104) comprises an axle mounted sensor which collects information regarding the axle vibration, flat tire data, the axle temperature etc and transmits it to the Controller (108). This device harvests energy from the rotary motion of the axle shaft. This is usually fitted on both sides of the axle to properly characterize the axle moments and vibration. An analysis of the harmonic pattern / signature could pin point the type of vibration the axle is undergoing such as flat tire, misalignment issues etc.
The spring mounted device (106) comprises a leaf spring mounted sensor which will transmit details of moment on the leaf spring, abnormal conditions in the leaf spring etc. This device converts vibration and Simple harmonic motion into energy harvesting mode and transmits the result on the power lines to the signal and communications controller (108).
The Controller (108) is a back bone of all the signal processing, computation and inference engine. It communicates with the devices 102, 104 and 106. These devices sense various parameters of interest and send the data to the controller for further processing. The controller also has the capability of storing the energy received from all

the mentioned energy harvesting sources (102, 104 or 106) either by using battery or a super capacitor or by using any other suitable means.
In order to perform the said functions it comprises of various building blocks such as but not limited to an Energy Harvesting Power Supply (110), a Signal conditioning and Analog to digital Convertor (112), a Fourier Analysis Engine (114), Inference Engine (116), a Microprocessor (118), a Transmit / Receive Engine (120), 3D Accelerometer (122), Container Interfaces such as AEI emulator (124) etc. These sub components listed above are just for illustrative purpose and need not be in the same order as indicated in Figure 1 and may comprise some more sub components which are not listed. The Fourier Analysis Engine (114) has algorithms. A few such algorithms can be learning algorithms based on Artificial Neural Networks etc. while others could be as simple as difference of Signal calculators. Inference Engine (116) uses the outcome of the Fourier Engine (114) to come up with conclusions and results. It may comprise of simple Sum and difference calculator usually used to extract the desired data from the available signals or a complex algorithm. The algorithms may be based on inferences such as presence and amplitude of certain harmonics and or some fuzzy equations.
Further, the controller also has communication capabilities (120) as may be required such as GPS, GPRS, ZIGBEE etc. It will also have a 3D accelerometer (122) for its own assessment of movement.
Sensing of various parameters of interest and the modulation of sensor data can be done in a number of different ways. However it can be classified in at least two broad categories i.e. electrical system and electronic system. Embodiment one described herein modulates the power supply lines electrically as depicted in the figure 2,3a and 3b while the embodiment two describes the electronic modulation technique as indicated in Figure 4.

The system according to the present invention can be created out of any suitable combination of p number of device 102, q number of device 104, r number of device 106. p, q and r represents the number of devices to be used in either embodiment one or embodiment two which is pre-determined and works only for that embodiment. There cannot be mix and match of embodiments for example: the system according to embodiment one is formed by combining pi number of devices 102, ql number of devices 104 and rl number of devices 106, similarly the system according to embodiment two is formed by combining p2 number of devices 102, q2 number of devices 104 and r2 number of devices 106. Now there cannot be a system where there is a combination of pi number of devices 102, q2 number of devices 104 and rl number of devices 106 such system will not work. Also it may involve different configuration settings on the controller 108 who needs to be informed what system is connected so that it may process the data accordingly.
Embodiment one:
This embodiment is completely electrical in nature. The mechanical parameters that are required to be monitored such as vibration, temperature, displacement etc. will directly affect the electrical / magnetic circuit of the energy generation system, such as what is listed in Figures 2, 3a and 3b. These usually operate without the need for any electronic enhancing circuit. But rather operate with the help of a simple passive circuit such as a scaling circuit.
Figure 2 shows a general arrangement of a conceptual Sensor belonging to Embodiment one and it is not restricted to shown arrangement, for example sensor positions in the devices 102 and 106 which do not have any rotary motion, the generator indicated in figure 2 can be a linear generator instead of a rotary generator. It is a specially designed large air gap electrical generator having 3 distinct sections namely A, B and C all of which are electrically identical, coupled to the wagon axle mechanically.

The purpose of the three distinct sections is as follows: Section B forms the Reference section providing near ideal reference waveform for example a Sine wave output with minimal distortions. All the three sections are electrically identical therefore by comparing the other two sections with the Section B it could be possible to find out the cause of the deviation. If Section B is considered to be near ideal for the X, Y and Z planes the Section C can be termed as variations in the Y plane and the Section A can be termed as variations in the X and Z plane. Which means to say that as an example: for Temperature related modulation Section C is responsible and for vibration related modulation Section A is responsible. Both use Section B as reference. It is not necessary that the sequence be the same as indicated which is merely for understanding purposes, they can be in any order or sequence.
Embodiment two:
Figure 4 illustrates the embodiment two according to the present invention. This embodiment differs from the embodiment one in the sense that the parameters of interest such as vibration, temperature, displacement etc. are measured using an electronic circuit which will consume some energy usually lower than the energy generated. The electrical measurable quantity is then suitably scaled and used to modulate the generated power accordingly. This modulation could be of any form such as AM, FM, PCM etc. the accuracies obtained in this regard is much higher than those obtained in embodiment one The term Sensor Type 1, Sensor Type 2 etc. are one of the many types of sensors that may be required to capture the parameter of interest. These sensors will convert the captured parameter to an electrical measurable quantity. An example of such a sensor could be a 3D accelerometer or a strain gauge or an ultrasonic detector etc. the output of each of these need to be converted into an electrical measurable quantity if required and or scaled and brought to a level which the modulator can accept. This will then modulate the output of the generator suitably so that the data can be transmitted to the Controller (108).

Again as previous embodiment the item labeled as generator may be a rotary generator or a linear generator. The rotary generator is used on the wagon's axles, which provides rotary input motion like the axle mounted device (104) and the linear generator can be used for spring motion sensing or coupler motion sensing which is included in the spring mounted device (106) and the axle mounted device (104).
Further, sensors in both these embodiments one and two used in the proposed system are energy positive sensors and both minimize the wiring by modulating the transmitted / received data on the power lines. This enables the use of the same line for power as well as data.
Each of these embodiments utilize only two wires to send / receive the data as well as the same two wires provide power to the central control module, meaning the data is modulated on the power lines to minimize the wiring, while still allowing the energy harvesting to happen and also increases the reliability. The modulation can further be one of the many types such as harmonic modulation or RF modulation or Digital Modulation. In any of the forms there is some means of sending of data or receiving data to or from the central processing unit and also sending power to or from the central processing unit are the pre requirements of the invention. This data is usually unidirectional but bidirectional data transmission cannot be ruled out. That means to say that data will flow from the sensor to the controller under normal conditions.
The signal and communications controller (108) may utilize this power to wirelessly transmit the data to a gateway mentioned in Figures 5 and 6 which in turn will send it out to the control hub for information and analysis.
The invention described herein will enable direct and continuous measurement of mentioned parameters as and when required, this helps in having a tighter control over the train speeds and hence improves the productivity. The real time magnitudes of certain

harmonics and their trends will help identify some faults for example: increase in the second harmonic level will signal eccentric rotation of axle which may be due to flat tyre.
It is often required to transmit lot of data. This could be via the wireless route which is highly power consuming or it could be wired route which requires increase in wiring which becomes difficult to protect. So the technique of power lines carrying the data described above has a definite advantage of reduced wiring and also will help in energy transfer, thus minimizing the usage of the local battery. The local battery can then be used for transmission when the wagon is not in motion. The smart power saving algorithm which is a part of the Controller (108) can reduce the power consumption to a large extent, as an example: when no motion is detected for more than a fixed duration of time the algorithm sends its current position to the central server and will obtain an acknowledgement for this registration. Later it will go to sleep until it detects a motion at this point it will send back its position and will obtain an acknowledgement for having cleared the nonmoving status. Power saving from such algorithm arises from the fact that it disables the internal GPS until it is absolutely required.
In another embodiment, whenever a wagon is detached there is a change in the train's consist, meaning that the train is consisting of specific wagon numbers when the train stops and restarts a roll call is taken to confirm the consist and any different consist will be reported and if a wagon detects no motion its GPS positioning can be enabled. Also if the wagons are being attached to a different consist and that consist is moving the GPS positioning is not enabled. In other words, consist of the train will be tagged to the engine which is driving the train. This will enable hopping of data when in motion and use it's GPS for asset tracking when stationary.
The multi parameter integrated sensor proposed by the present invention transmits the required data using minimum wiring and yet remain energy positive meaning which it will generate energy for its own use as well as supply the surplus energy to the Controller

(108) for its operation so that the standby battery life will be enhanced especially when the wagons are not moving by making use of smart algorithms such as one mentioned above.
The sensors according to the present invention are mounted exactly at the place where they are actually required to be present instead of way side installation thereby avoiding spot maintenance and connectivity issues. Besides by using predictive analysis we will be in a position to predict failures before they actually become draconian. For example excessive vibration can trigger an emergency maintenance cycle at the next stop or isolation of the wagon / car for speedier delivery of the goods or marginally hot bearing will need maintenance at the next stop where as a very hot bearing may need slowing down of the train.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention the system disclosed can be utilized for railroad application as depicted in Figure 7. This also shows the possible locations of all the building blocks such as 102, 104, 106, 108 etc. the locations can be altered or changed as required and as the case may be. Also shown is an optional and a possible way to connect any external inputs to 108 such as an external container. In this case the parameters of the container - such as excessive vibration in the container or door tampering signal of the container or gas / liquid leakage from the container can be additionally be monitored provided that the Active Container Tag is capable of monitoring and communicating.
Additionally it also has interfaces (124) to monitor additional inputs such as RFID tags on the Containers loaded on the wagons. There could be a physical connection between the containers and the controller (108) or this also could be a wireless link, operated either through WIFI, ZIGBEE or similar or it can pair up with other smart devices to yield a better control over the travel of rail cargo and handle conditions like abnormal vibration / bump / unusual velocity - acceleration change in the container while the

wagon is more or less moving smooth, specifically valid for chemical / liquid containers and generally for other cargo.
Controller (108) also doubles up as an AEI (Automatic Equipment Identifier) Tag thus enabling one to still use the existing or installed way side AEI readers. This invention thus serves as a smarter upgrade to the existing AEI tag.
TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS
The technical advancements of the system envisaged by the present disclosure include the realization of:
• A system that provides a reliable and cost effective way of accident free optimized speed travel;
• A system that provides an energy harvesting sensors which helps in increasing the battery life;
• A system that provides reduction in the number of wires and hence lower cost of installation.
• A system that is robust and efficient to work even in extreme conditions which have reduced maintenance cost.
Throughout this specification the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps. The use of the expression "at least" or "at least one" suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the disclosure to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results.
The numerical values mentioned for the various physical parameters, dimensions or quantities are only approximations and it is envisaged that the values higher/lower than the numerical values assigned to the parameters, dimensions or quantities fall within the

scope of the disclosure, unless there is a statement in the specification specific to the contrary.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments.
It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

WE CLAIM
.
Claim 1
Energy harvesting system for rail road management comprising:
at least one coupling mounted device, an axle mounted device and a spring mounted
device, wherein;
the coupling mounted device configured to convert vibration and simple harmonic motion of a coupling into energy and comprise of at least one energy positive sensor configured to collect the details of abnormal conditions in the coupling;
the axle mounted device configured to harvest the energy from the rotary motion of an axle shaft and comprise at least one energy positive axle mounted sensor configured to collect the information regarding the axle abnormal conditions including but not limited to vibration, flat tire data, axle temperature; the spring mounted device configured to convert vibration and simple harmonic motion of a spring into energy and comprises at least one energy positive spring mounted sensor configured to collect the details of abnormal conditions in the spring to the controller; and a controller in connection with at least one of the coupling mounted, axle mounted and spring mounted device using two wires to receive, store and supply the energy generated from these devices and further configured to receive or to send the captured parameters of interest from the sensors and to draw the inferences by modulating, processing and computing the received data.
Claim 2
A-rail road management system as claimed in claim 1 wherein; the controller comprises of Fourier analysis engine comprising algorithms including but not limited to learning algorithms based on artificial neural networks, difference of signal calculators and an

inference engine in communication with the analysis engine used to extract the desired data from the available signals and configured to come up with conclusions and results.
Claim 3
A rail road management system as claimed in claim 1 wherein; the controller comprises a smart power saving module which is configured to detect the motion; and change the status of the complete system to sleep mode if no motion is detected for the predetermined period of time.
Claim 4
A rail road management system as claimed in claim 1 wherein; the controller has communication capabilities including but not limited to GPS, GPRS, ZIGBEE.
Claim 5
A rail road management system as claimed in claim 1 wherein; the spring mounted
device, axel mounted device and coupling mounted device comprises of:
an energy generation system having at least one generator which is formed of three
different electrically similar sections one of which acts as reference to the other two
sections and are configured to deflect based on the changes in the predetermined
parameters of interest and are connected to an electric circuit whose harmonic content
changes based on the deflection produced at the sections thereby identify the type of the
parameter and change in the value of the parameter.
Claim 6
A rail road management system as claimed in claim 1 wherein; the sensors mounted at the coupling mounted device, spring mounted device and axel mounted device are configured to convert the captured parameter of interest to an electrical measurable quantity which is converted into a predetermined unit and scaled to the desire level by a signal conditioning unit, modulated by a modulator using known modulation techniques such as but not limited to harmonic modulation or RF modulation or Digital Modulation and then further sent to the controller.

Claim 7
A rail road management system as claimed in claim 1 wherein; the controller is further in connection with container monitoring system for monitoring the parameters of the container wherein; the monitoring system comprises of active container Tag installed on the container and capable of monitoring the various parameters of the container including but not limited to vibrations, bump, unusual velocity, acceleration change; the tag is further configured to communicate the monitored parameters to the controller.
Claim 8
A rail road management system as claimed in claim 1 wherein; the controller comprises a predictive analysis engine configured to predict the possible failures at various locations of a train and provide early indication of faults based on the information received by real time monitoring of the pre-determined parameters of interest.
Claim 9
A rail road management system as claimed in claim 1 wherein; the controller is in communication with the remote central server for transmitting and receiving the information and instructions from the remote location.
Claim 10
Method of harvesting energy for rail road management comprising: converting the vibration and simple harmonic motion present in a coupling into energy using at least one coupling mounted device and collecting the details of abnormal conditions in the coupling using at least one energy positive sensor provided at the coupling mounted device; harvesting the energy from the rotary motion of an axle shaft using at least one axle mounted device and collecting the information regarding the axle abnormal conditions including but not limited to vibration, flat tire data, axle temperature using at least one energy positive axle mounted sensor coupled with the axle mounted device; converting the vibrations and simple harmonic motion of a spring into energy using at least one spring mounted device and further

capturing the details of abnormal conditions in the spring using the spring mounted sensor placed in the spring mounted device; and receiving, storing and supplying the energy generated from at least one of the coupling mounted, axle mounted and spring mounted device to a controller using two wires and also receiving or sending the captured parameters of interest from the sensors to the controller using the same two wires; further drawing the inferences by modulating, processing and computing the received data by the controller.
Claim 11
Method of rail road management as claimed in claim 10 wherein; the method of capturing the details of abnormal condition comprises:
Providing at least one generator which is formed of three different electrically similar sections one of which acting as reference to the other two sections; configuring the reference section to deflect based on the changes in the predetermined parameters of interest; and connecting to an electric circuit to the generator and capturing the changes in the harmonic content produced in the circuit because of the deflection produced at the sections.
Claim 12
Method of rail road management as claimed in claim 10 further comprises a method to track the number of wagons and wagon consist of the train using GPS positioning technique based on the motion of the wagon comprising the steps of: assigning a specific identity to each train wagon in a sequence and transmitting the assigned sequence to the controller to identify the initial train consist; taking a roll call of the identity of the wagons and transmitting the same to the controller whenever train stops and restarts; reconfirming the newly received sequence of the identity of wagon against the pre-assigned sequence at the controller; identifying the motion of the train wagon using GPS and there by determining the change in the consist of wagon and track the number of wagon.

Claim 13
Method of rail road management as claimed in claim 10 further comprises a method to monitor the parameters of the container installed on the wagon comprising the steps of: installing an active container Tag on the container capable of monitoring the various parameters of the container including but not limited to vibrations, bump, unusual velocity, acceleration change; and communicating the monitored parameters from the tag to the controller.