FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (See section 10, rule 13)
1. Title of the invention: MANAGING SAFETY IN AN OCCUPATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
2. Applicant(s)
NAME NATIONALITY ADDRESS
KEC INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Indian RPG House, Dr. Anni Besant Road, Worli, Mumbai 400030, India
3. Preamble to the description
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it
is to be performed.

BACKGROUND
[0001] Occupational environment, such as construction sites or
industrial sites, includes numerous worksites hosting same or different activities which present numerous hazards to the life of a personnel working in that environment. Examples of such activities include, but may not be limited to, working at height, manual and automatic operation of heavy machinery, electrical work, use of hazardous chemicals and power tools, etc. Due to this ever-present risk in performing such activities, personnel safety and safe work practices are of utmost importance on the worksite to prevent accidents or safety incidents from taking place. To prevent these safety incidents from occurring and for ensuring safety of the personnel at the worksite in the occupational environment, various safety guidelines are drafted to be adhered to by the personnel.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
[0002] The detailed description is provided with reference to the
accompanying figures, wherein:
[0003] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an occupational environment with
a safety management system managing safety at a worksite location, according to an example;
[0004] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a safety management
system, according to another example;
[0005] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary occupation environment
implementing a safety management system for managing safety, according to an example;
[0006] FIG. 4 illustrates a method for managing the safety of a personnel
and machinery operating within an occupational environment, according to an example; and
[0007] FIG. 5 illustrates a method for improving the safety coefficient of
an occupational environment, according to an example.

[0008] Throughout the drawings, identical reference numbers designate
similar, but not necessarily identical, elements. The figures are not necessarily to scale, and the size of some parts may be exaggerated to more clearly illustrate the example shown. Moreover, the drawings provide examples and/or implementations consistent with the description; however, the description is not limited to the examples and/or implementations provided in the drawings.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0009] Various safety incidents may take place at an occupational
environment. Examples of occupational environment may include, but may not be limited to, construction sites or industrial sites where a single or multiple personnel may be deployed for performing a certain task. Such sites, as a result of various activities being performed therein, may be prone to a variety of hazards. To ensure minimization of effects caused by such hazards within the occupational environment, organizations may deploy and implement numerous safety procedures or guidelines based on the type of activity to be followed by personnel operating or present within the occupational environment. Such procedures or guidelines may be a part of best practices or may be as a result of statutory regulations within the jurisdiction.
[0010] Safety procedures, if not followed, may result in incidents which
in turn may either lead to disruption in operation of the occupational environment, damage infrastructure and equipment, or worse, may cause injury or even death to personnel present within the occupational environment. It is therefore critical that such safety procedures are adhered by the personnel to prevent incidents. Even if such damages do not occur, non-conformance with such regulations may invite fines or orders from statutory authorities leading to closures (either temporary or permanent) of the site.

[0011] To monitor the adherence of the safety procedures by the
personnel, conventionally, a safety officer may be recruited or assigned the
duty to ensure proper and careful adherence to all the norms. For example,
a safety guideline designed for a welding activity may require the personnel
at the worksite location to wear a hard hat and appropriate goggles in order
to prevent injuries to eyes. In such a case, a safety officer may be appointed
at the work location to monitor the adherence of the safety procedures or
guidelines. Such officers may also be responsible for identifying and
locating any possibilities of potential accidents or incidents that may occur
due to certain activities. For example, a personnel working at height without
proper fall protection is at a risk of falling and injuring themselves. In such
instances, the safety officer may identify this possibility and enforce steps
to address this unsafe activity, thus preventing any incident from occurring.
[0012] However, occupational environment generally includes multiple
worksites with each worksite operating a similar or different activity. For example, in a automobile manufacturing environment, activities such as cutting of metal sheet, welding, painting using chemicals, heating of metals, etc., may performed at different and separate worksites. Since procedural steps of these activities are different, different sets of procedures are drafted for these activities to be followed by the personnel.
[0013] The occupational environment, such as construction or industrial
sites, are often very large and spread over kilometers of land area or sea area. Therefore, it becomes very difficult even for a team of safety officers to be present at each and every worksite where activities such as construction are taking place. This may lead to gaps in the surveillance net of the safety officers and thus, increase probability of non-conformance (either deliberate or accidental) by the personnel. This, non-conformance may lead to an incident. Also, even if safety officers is present at a work location while non-conformance by personnel may be occurring, they might still miss such non-conformance. In many situations, it may not be safe even for a safety officer to visit a work location to assess its adherence to safety

guidelines. In another example, a safety officer may not be proficient in knowing the safe operating parameters of all the heavy machinery present at a work location and may miss unsafe operating parameters, which may lead to a catastrophic accident.
[0014] Example approaches for managing safety in an occupational
environment, are described. Such approaches may be implemented in
occupational environment hosting operation of number of activities at
different worksite location to detect conforming or non-conforming nature of
these activities and accordingly determine corrective workflows or alter the
operating parameters of such activities at the worksite location to prevent
safety incidents or life threatening accidents. In an example, an activity data
associated with an in-operation activity at a worksite location in the
occupational environment is monitored. Such activity data may be captured
by a surveillance system installed within the occupation environment and
may be transmitted by the surveillance system to a central system, such as
a safety management system, for further processing. The surveillance
system includes a plurality of sensors, video-camera device, microphones,
and a Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems.
[0015] As per one example, the activity data captured by such
surveillance system may include sensors data, video stream data, audio stream data, operating parameters of machinery, personnel activity data, and machinery operation data. It may be noted that, the above disclosed separations in activity data is exemplary and any other data may also be included in activity data without deviating from the scope of the present subject matter. Thereafter, the monitored activity data is analyzed based on assessment parameters. In an example, on analyzing the monitored activity data, an indication signal indicating the result of analysis may be generated to be used for classification of the activity. In an example, the assessment parameters are predefined parameters based on standardized operating procedures for each of the activity taking place in the occupational environment.

[0016] Such assessment parameters include operational data indicating
requirement of certain safety wearable gears to be worn by the personnel while performing a certain activity, conforming ranges of the different operational parameters of machinery, information indicating requirement of certain hardware equipment to be used by the personnel while performing a certain activity, worksite data indicating mapping of a personnel related data of each personnel with respect to time, and many more data as per the Standard operating procedures. In an example, such SOP’s may be regarded as ideal practices, safety guidelines, internal safety procedures, to be followed by the personnel to prevent safety incidents and also for enhancing the output of the activity.
[0017] Based on the analysis of the activity data or based on the
indication signal generated as a result of analysis, the activity under consideration is classified as one of a conforming activity or a non-conforming activity. For example, while analyzing activity data, if it is determined that norms followed while performing activity associated with the activity data are beyond or different from the assessment parameters, an indication signal indicating the same is generated which may be eventually used to classify the activity as non-conforming activity or vice-versa. Once the activity is classified as either the conforming activity or non-conforming activity, a corrective workflow representing ideal operating procedures to be followed during the operation of the activity is implemented to make the activity switch from current non-conforming nature to conforming nature or to enhance the safety coefficient of the activity in case of activity being conforming already.
[0018] For example, based on the analysis of the activity data, such as
video feed from video-camera device, if it is determined that particular personnel (such as manual labor, technicians, or like) is not wearing safety jackets while performing an activity, indicating non-conformance nature, certain instructions may be executed to generate a warning alarm or an announcement to the non-conforming personnel or a signal which is

transmitted to a terminal device of that personnel or request to a safety officer which may be assigned to issue warnings to non-conforming personnel. In another example, based on the analysis of the activity data, if it is determined that temperature at the worksite location is exceeding the ideal temperature limits, the corrective measures, such as increasing cooling of the worksite location, as indicated in the corrective workflows are performed.
[0019] These and other examples are further described in conjunction
with figures. It should be noted that the description and figures merely illustrate principles of the present subject matter. Therefore, various arrangements that encompass the principles of the present subject matter, although not explicitly described or shown herein may be devised from the description and are included within its scope.
[0020] FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an occupational environment 100
implementing an example safety management system 102 for managing safety of a personnel working at a worksite or work location. Examples of worksites may include, but is not limited to, a constructional or industrial worksite. In an example, the occupational environment 100 may be divided in several worksites with each worksite may be designated for a dedicated activity. Such activities may be performed either manually by personnelf or by machinery or both. In another example, the safety management system 102 (hereinafter referred to as system 102) may be considered as a centralized system coupled or connected with various other systems in the occupational environment 100 over a network. For example, the system 102 may be connected to a surveillance system 104 over the network to receive an activity data. It may be noted only one surveillance system 104 has been shown in FIG.1 for brevity, however, any number of surveillance system serving different worksite individually may be present in the occupational environment 100 without deviating from the scope of the present subject matter.

[0021] The system 102 may further include an analysis engine 106 for
analyzing the activity data received from the surveillance system 104 and a
workflow engine 108 for implementing a corrective workflow on determining
the activity associated with activity data as non-conforming based on the
analysis performed by the analysis engine 106. In an example, for
implementing a corrective workflow, the workflow engine 108 may be
executed certain instructions to implement the corrective workflow. The
system 102 may include other components, such as interfaces to
communicate over the network or with external storage or computing
devices, display, input/output interfaces, operating systems, applications,
data, and the like, which have not been described here for brevity.
[0022] In another example, the system 102 may be coupled to a central
management server (not shown in FIG. 1) over the similar network or a
different network, which comprise the analysis engine 106 and workflow
engine 108 for performing analysis of activity data, determining corrective
workflows, and implementing the same to alter the operating parameters of
activity being performed at the worksite location over the network.
[0023] In such a case, the network may be a private network or a public
network and may be implemented as a wired network, a wireless network, or a combination of a wired and wireless network. The network may also include a collection of individual networks, interconnected with each other and functioning as a single large network, such as the Internet. Examples of such individual networks may include, but are not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) network, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Personal Communications Service (PCS) network, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) network, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network, Next Generation Network (NGN), Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN).
[0024] As described above, the system 102 may monitor activity data
captured at the worksite location using the surveillance system 104. Such

surveillance system 104 may include other systems or devices or apparatus that may be adapted or capable of obtaining activity related information. Examples of such devices or apparatus include, but are not limited to, a plurality of sensor(s) 110 or sensor device(s), a video camera device 112, microphone(s) 114, SCADA systems 116, and many more. In an example, the plurality of sensors includes IR sensor, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, and many more. In an example, such surveillance system 104 may be installed at different worksite locations in the occupational environment 100 and these may be coupled or connected with the system 102 over the network.
[0025] Returning to the present example, the activity data captured by
the surveillance system 104 may include data sensed by sensors, video stream data, audio stream data, operating parameters of machinery, personnel activity data, and machinery operation data. In an example, the video stream or input images may be captured using video camera device 112, audio stream may be captured using microphone(s) 114, operating parameters from the machinery installed within the work location may be captured using the SCADA system 116.
[0026] Further, whether the activity performed at the worksite location is
either performed by a personnel (which may be regarded as personnel operable activity 118) or a machine (which may be regarded as machine operable activity 120) or both may be determined during analysis of the activity data. Examples of personnel operable activities 118 include, but may not be limited to, climbing stairs, working at height using scaffolding, welding, operating a forklift, etc., and examples of machinery operable activity 120 include, CNC machinery operation, hydraulic press operations, etc. It may be noted that above disclosed examples of activity data are exemplary and any other activity data may also be used without deviating from the scope of the present subject matter.
[0027] Once the activity data feed is available at the system 102, the
activity data may be analyzed by the analysis engine 106 to determine

whether the activity associated with the activity data is either a conforming activity or non-conforming activity with respect to the safety guidelines which may be stored in the system 102 as assessment parameters and generate an indication signal indicating the same. In an example, conforming activity may be regarded as an activity which performs operation as per ideal or near ideal safety guidelines whereas non-conforming activity may be regarded as unsafe activity during the operation of which operating parameters or guidelines are not followed as per the advised safety guidelines.
[0028] In an example, when the activity is classified as conforming
activity, the analysis engine 106 may continue monitoring the activity data. On the other hand, when the activity is classified as non-conforming activity, the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may implement a corrective workflow for regulating the operating parameters of the activity. In an example, the corrective workflow is selected from amongst the possible plurality of predefined workflows based on the analysis of the activity data. Such implementation of corrective workflow may be different for different activity based on an operating type of the activity. For example, in case the non-conforming activity is personnel operable activity 118, then corresponding wearable related guidelines, such as wearing a hard hat, welding glasses, mask, may be either announced via a loudspeaker or a signal is transmitted to the terminal device which is being operated by the personnel. In another example, in case the non-conforming activity is machine operable activity 120, then the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions which when executed may affect changes to a plurality of control parameters of the non-conforming machinery, in order to alter the operating parameters of the machinery.
[0029] In another example, the workflow engine 108 may cause to
generate instructions, which when executed may cause to generate a notification which is transmitted to an authorized safety officer to its terminal device or render it on a display device ordering him to go to the dedicated

worksite and direct the personnel to adhere to the safety guidelines. Examples of terminal device include, but are not limited to, a smartphone, a tablet, or a desktop, etc. This aspect provides a way for the system 102 to implement corrective workflows for stopping and rectifying an ongoing non-conforming activity.
[0030] In yet another example, the system 102 may cause to generate
instructions, which when executed may direct the SCADA system 116 to
affect changes to a plurality of control parameters to alter the operating
parameters of the machinery. In an example, the SCADA system 116 may
further include sensors and programmable logic controllers (PLCs) for
measuring and altering the operating parameters of the connected
machinery. These and other aspects of the present subject matter are
further described in greater detail in conjunction with further figures.
[0031] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a safety management
system, such as system 102, in communication with a database repository 202 over a network 204 as per one example of the subject matter. In an example, the system 102 include a processor(s) 206, an interface(s) 208, and a memory 210. The processor(s) 206 may be implemented as a microprocessor, microcomputer, microcontroller, digital signal processor, central processing unit, state machine, logic circuitry, and/or any device that may manipulate signals based on operational instructions. The processor(s) 206 may be a single computational unit or may include multiple such computational units, without deviating from the scope of the present subject matter.
[0032] The interface(s) 208 may include a variety of software and
hardware interfaces that allow the system 102 to interact with data base repository 202 and other networked storages or networked devices, such as network entities, web servers, and external repositories, peripheral devices such as input/output (I/O) devices, and one or more display devices (not shown in FIG. 2 for sake of brevity). In another example, the interface(s) 208 may enable the communication between the processor(s) 206, the

memory 210 and other components of the system 102. The intercommunication with different devices installed in the occupational environment, such as occupational environment 100, may be enabled through a wired or a wireless network, such as network 204.
[0033] The network 204 may be a private network or a public network
and may be implemented as a wired network, a wireless network, or a
combination of a wired and wireless network. The network 204 may also
include a collection of individual networks, interconnected with each other
and functioning as a single large network, such as the Internet. Examples
of such individual networks include, but are not limited to, Global System for
Mobile Communication (GSM) network, Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Personal Communications Service (PCS) network, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) network, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network, Next Generation Network (NGN), Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN).
[0034] The memory 210 may include any computer-readable medium
known in the art including, for example, volatile memory, such as Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) and Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM), and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read-Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROMs (EPROMs), flash memories, hard disks, optical disks, and magnetic tapes.
[0035] The system 102 may further include engine(s) 212 and data 214.
The engine(s) 212 may be implemented as a combination of hardware and programming, for example, programmable instructions to implement a variety of functionalities of the engine(s) 212. In examples described herein, such combinations of hardware and programming may be implemented in several different ways. For example, when implemented as a hardware, the engine(s) 212 may be a microcontroller, embedded controller, or super I/O-based integrated circuits. The programming for the engine(s) 212 may be executable instructions. Such instructions may be stored on a non-transitory

machine-readable storage medium which may be coupled either directly
with the system 102 or indirectly (for example, through networked means).
In an example, the engine(s) 212 may include a processing resource, for
example, either a single processor or a combination of multiple processors,
to execute such instructions. In the present examples, the non-transitory
machine-readable storage medium may store instructions that, when
executed by the processing resource, implement engine(s) 212. In other
examples, the engine(s) 212 may be implemented as electronic circuitry.
[0036] In one example, the engine(s) 212 may include the analysis
engine 106, workflow engine 108, and other engine(s) 216. The other engine(s) 216 may further implement functionalities that supplement applications or functions performed by the system 102 or any of the engine(s) 212. The data 214, on the other hand, includes data that is either stored or retrieved from external storage devices, such as database repository, or generated as a result of functionalities implemented by any of the engine(s) 212 or the system 102. It may be further noted that information stored and available in the data 214 may be utilized by the engine(s) 212 for performing various functions by the system 102. In an example, data 214 may include training data 218, activity data 220, personnel reported data 222, worksite data 224, assessment parameter(s) 226, predefined workflow(s) 228, offline data 230, and other data 232.
[0037] In an example, where welding is the activity being performed, the
activity data 220 include video camera feed of welding operation based on a video-camera device, audio feed of welding operation based on microphones, readings of different operational parameters, such as welding temperature, welding current, welding voltage, rate of gas inflow during welding, and combination thereof sensed by sensors installed in the surveillance system 104. In another example, for welding activity being performed manually by a personnel, the activity data 220 include whether the welder is wearing safety prescribed gear such as welding hat, goggles, or gloves, and may also include welding temperature, welding current,

welding voltage, and combination thereof. The other data 232 may include data that is either utilized by the engine(s) 212 or may include data that is generated by execution of such engine(s) 212. It may be noted that such examples are indicative. The present approaches may be applicable to other examples without deviating from the scope of the present subject matter.
[0038] It may be noted that the blocks representing engine(s) 212 and
data 214 are indicated as being within the system 102 for sake of
explanation only. Any one or more blocks within engine(s) 212 and data 214
may be implemented as separate blocks outside the system 102, with the
different functional blocks being utilized for managing the safety of
personnel and machinery at a worksite, as will be described further below.
[0039] The system 102 may conduct such analysis of activity data 220
and determination of corrective workflows based either on predefined mapping of activity with corresponding workflow or dynamically changing data based on the encountered situation. The corrective workflow or a set of predefined workflows are defined based on the ideal safety procedures to be followed during the operation of any activity and these are implemented by generating certain instructions to cause to implement these workflows.
[0040] As per an example, the data 214 of the system 102 may include
plurality of workflows which may be predefined based on the type of activity and stored as predefined workflow(s) 228 in the data 214. In another example, the analysis engine 106 and the workflow engine 108 may be a machine learning engine (or model) which may be trained based on training data 218. The training data 218, in one example, include training activity data and corresponding training workflows which needs to be performed for corresponding activity. In an example, such training data 218 may be acquired by the system 102 based on the encountered situations during the operation of the system 102.

[0041] In operation, the analysis engine 106 may monitor the activity
data 220 captured by the surveillance system 104 (as described in conjunction with FIG. 1). In an example, the activity data 220 corresponds to an activity which is being performed on a worksite in the occupational environment 100. As described above, the activity data 220 may include sensors data, video stream data, audio stream data, operating parameters of machinery, personnel activity data, and machinery operation data. In one example, in addition to the activity data 220, the system 102 may receive a personnel reported data 222 as well. In an example, the personnel reported data 222 is received from a terminal device which is being operated by a personnel working at the worksite location in the occupational environment 100. Similar to the activity data 220, personnel reported data 222 indicates either conformity or non-conforming of the in-operation activity on the worksite. In another example, when the connectivity is poor, this personnel reported data 222 may be stored as offline data 230 within the terminal device and may be shared with the analysis engine 106 as soon as the connectivity is improved.
[0042] In addition to above data, the analysis engine 106 of the system
102 may obtain a worksite data 224 from the database repository 202 over the network 204. The worksite data 224 includes a mapping of name, ID, facial features, designation, expected location of the personnel in the occupation environment with respect to time. For example, worksite data 224 indicates name, ID, facial features, designation, expected location of a personnel at a particular instance or period of time. Using this data, the system 102 may determine authorized or unauthorized presence of personnel in the worksite.
[0043] Returning to the present example, once the activity data 220 and
other data such as personnel reported data 222 and worksite data 224 is obtained or being monitored, the analysis engine 106 may analyze the data, as described above, based on the assessment parameters 226. In an example, the assessment parameters 226 are the parameters which are

predefined based on certain standard operating procedures for each of the
activity taking place in the occupational environment 100. For example, the
assessment parameters 226 include procedural manual data indicating
requirement of safety equipment to be worn by personnel while performing
an activity, ideal ranges of the different operating parameters of machinery,
and worksite data 224. In an example, such assessment parameters 226
may be present in the system 102 itself or may be retrieved from the
database repository 202, on demand, based on the analysis of the activity
data 220 or based on the identification of the type of the activity.
[0044] As per one example, the analysis engine 106 performs analysis
of the activity data 220 based on the assessment parameters 226. Such
analysis includes identifying the type of activity associated with the activity
data 220. Based on the identified type of activity, the analysis engine 106
retrieves the corresponding assessment attributes 226, either from its own
storage or from an external storage, such as database repository 202, for
the identified type of the activity. Once retrieved, the analysis engine 106
may compare the assessment attributes 226 with activity data 220 to
determine the differences between the safety procedure being followed
actually and the ideal safety procedure. Thereafter, based on the result of
comparing, the analysis engine 106 classifies the activity associated with
the activity data as either confirming activity or non-conforming activity.
[0045] In another example, the analysis engine 106, during analysis,
may determine an operating type of the activity. In an example, the operating type of the activity is one of a personnel operable activity, such as personnel operable activity 118 or a machine operable activity, such as machine operable activity 120 (as shown in FIG. 1) or combination thereof. Such determination of operating type of the activity may be performed based on the analysis of the activity data 220. For example, video stream data included in the activity data 220 may be monitored and analyzed by the analysis engine 106 to determine whether the activity being performed by the personnel is a manual activity or it is performed by a machinery. In

an example, such determination is performed by video or image processing using video stream data included in the activity data 220.
[0046] In an example, while analyzing the activity data 220, the analysis
engine 106 may also generate an indication signal representing the result
of analysis, i.e., either all safety procedures or guidelines which have been
mentioned in the assessment parameters are being followed or not.
[0047] Continuing with the present example, once the activity associated
with the activity data 220 has been classified as non-conforming, the workflow engine 108 may select and implements a workflow to make the in-operation activity as confirming in compliance with the standard parameters as disclosed in the assessment parameters 226. In an example, the workflow engine 108 uses the indication signal which is generated by the analysis engine 106 as a result of analysis to indicate the result of analysis of activity data 220. Further, since the data 214 include plurality of workflows stored as predefined workflow(s) 228, the selection of corrective workflow from amongst the plurality of workflows defined in the predefined workflow(s) 228 is performed by the workflow engine 108 based on the determined type or operating type of the activity.
[0048] In an example, on determining that the operating type of the
activity is personnel operable activity 118, the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may implements the corrective workflow which is determined from the predefined workflow(s) 228. To implement such corrective workflow in case of personnel operable activity 118, the analysis engine 106 while analyzing the activity data may also determine whether the personnel working on the worksite location is authorized or not. In an example, this is determined by comparing the location of personnel mentioned in the worksite data 224 and location of personnel as per the video-camera feed. In an example, the worksite data 224 includes information of each personnel at each instant of time according to a pre-planned schedule. In an example, the worksite data 224 may be

updated based on dynamic information accessed based on the activity data 220.
[0049] For example, in case of unauthorized presence of personnel on
the worksite, the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may direct the personnel to move to its correct worksite in the occupational environment based on the details present in the worksite data 224 for that personnel. In an example, the direction by the system 102 to personnel is performed in any manner possible, such as my transmitting a message, or by making an announcement on the loud speaker, or rendering some alert signals on a display device installed in the occupational environment or assigning a safety officer to monitor this inconsistent situation.
[0050] On the other hand, in case of authorized presence of personnel
on the worksite, the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may command the personnel to follow corrective workflow, if not following the same, on the worksite to prevent incidents. IN an example, such command by the system 102 to the personnel is performed in any manner possible as described above as well. Further, the corrective workflow is determined by the workflow engine 108 on determining the activity as non-conforming. Therefore, this corrective workflow may be implemented by either transmitting a message to the terminal device of the personnel, or by making an announcement on the loud speaker, directing or rendering some alert signals on a display device installed in the occupational environment. It may be noted that other means for either directing or commanding may be used without deviating from the scope of the invention.
[0051] In an example implementation, if it is determined by the analysis
engine 212 that some personnel at the worksite is performing an activity such as, but not limited to, welding, sandblasting, etc., without wearing the required eye protection as mandated by the prescribed safety guidelines. Thus, not conforming with prescribed safety guidelines and leading to non-

confirming activity. In response to determining this, the workflow engine 108 may generate instructions, which when executed may cause to implement a corrective workflow such as, alerting the personnel using one of the means as described above to ensure that the personnel begin using the required eye protection.
[0052] In another example, on determining that the operating type of the
activity is machine operable activity 120, the workflow engine 108 may implements the corrective workflow on the machinery. In an example, the system 102 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may wirelessly transmit a signal to the corresponding machinery to implement the corrective workflow. The signal includes information regarding corrective workflow which triggers the corrective workflow. In an example, the system 102 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may direct the SCADA system 116 to implement the determined corrective workflow on the machinery performing the activity. The selection of corresponding workflow is performed based on the type of the activity. For example, if it is determined by the analysis engine 106 that a machinery such as, but not limited to, a boiler, is operating at temperatures that are higher than the prescribed operating temperature. Thus, not conforming with prescribed safety guidelines and is designated as non-conforming activity. Then, the workflow engine 108 may generate instructions, which when executed may instruct the SCADA system 116 coupled to machinery to alter the control parameters of the boiler to lower its operating temperature. Hence, ensuring that the altered operating conditions conform with the safety guidelines.
[0053] FIG. 3 illustrates an occupational environment 300 implementing
a safety management system 302, as per an example. In an example, the system management system 302 is similar to the system 102 and include all components as included in system 102. As discussed previously in FIG. 1, a surveillance system 304, such as surveillance system 104 may capture and share the activity data with the safety management system 302. In an

example, the surveillance system 304 may be coupled with a transceiver 306 which is capable of transmitting and receiving activity data over a network 308 with the safety management system 302. Transmission of such activity data from surveillance system 304 to safety management system 302 via transceiver 306 is represented by arrow 310. Such activity data may then be used by safety management system 302 to analyze the conformance or non-conformance of the activity and implementing corresponding workflows to either switch from non-conformity to conformity or bring more strict conformity to enhance the safety coefficient of the occupational environment.
[0054] In case the surveillance system includes SCADA system, the
safety management system 302 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may transmit a signal, which may be represented by an arrow 312, directing the SCADA system to control the operating parameters of the machinery to cause the activity associated with the activity data to switch from non-conformity to conformity.
[0055] In another example, a personnel 314 working on a worksite in the
occupational environment 300 may be able to report a safety guideline
violation to the safety management system 302. In an example, the
personnel 314 may send a personnel reported data, such as personnel
reported data 222 using a terminal device 316 to make a report to the safety
management system 302. To achieve the same, the terminal device 316
may share the personnel reported data 222 with the safety management
system 302 with a transceiver 318 that may be able to transmit and receive
personnel reported data 22 over the network 308 to the safety management
system 302. In one example, the transceiver 306 and transceiver 318 may
be a single entity without deviating from the scope of the present invention.
[0056] Transmission of such personnel reported data 222 from the
terminal device 316 to safety management system 302 via transceiver 318 is represented by arrow 320. Such personnel reported data 222 may then be used by safety management system 302 to analyze the conformance or

non-conformance of the activity and implementing corresponding workflows to either switch from non-conformity to conformity or bring more strict conformity.
[0057] In one example, during analysis if it is determined that the activity
is personnel operable activity 118 and its non-conformant with certain safety
guidelines, the safety management system 302 may cause to generate
instructions, which when executed may transmit a message or a signal,
which is represented by an arrow 322, to the terminal device 316 of the
personnel 314 to direct the personnel to follow a corrective workflow to
cause the activity associated with the activity data to switch from non¬
conformity to conformity. In an example, the message represented by the
arrow 322 include instances or information regarding corrective workflow.
[0058] FIG. 4 illustrates a method 400 for managing the safety of a
personnel and a machinery within an occupational environment 100 or 300
(collectively referred to as occupational environment 100, 300), as per an
example. Although the method 400 may be implemented in a variety of
computing devices, for the ease of explanation, the present description of
the example method 400 is provided in reference to the above-described
systems 102 and 302 (collectively referred to as systems 102, 302).
[0059] The order in which the method 400 is described is not intended
to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method
blocks may combine in any order to implement the method 400, or an
alternative method. It may be understood that the blocks of the method 400
may be performed by any one of the systems 102, 302. The blocks of the
method 400 may be executed based on instructions stored in a non-
transitory computer-readable medium, as will be readily understood. The
non-transitory computer-readable medium may include, for example, digital
memories, magnetic storage media, such as magnetic disks and magnetic
tapes, hard drives, or optically readable digital data storage media.
[0060] At block 402, activity data captured by a surveillance system in
an occupational environment is monitored. For example, the analysis

engine 212 may monitor the activity data 220 captured by the surveillance system 104 from the worksite location. As may be understood, monitoring the activity data 220 from the worksite may include, but not limited to, monitoring an input image, a video stream, an audio input, or operating parameters from machinery provided by the surveillance system 104 to the systems 102, 302.
[0061] As described above, the activity data 220 corresponds to an
activity which is being performed on a worksite location in the occupational environment 100. The activity data 220 may include sensors data, video stream data, audio stream data, operating parameters of machinery, personnel activity data, and machinery operation data. In one example, in addition to activity data 220, the system 102 may also receive a personnel reported data 222 for monitoring as well. In an example, the personnel reported data 222 is received from a terminal device which is being operated by a personnel working at the worksite location. Similar to the activity data 220, personnel reported data 222 indicates either conformity or non-conforming of the in-operation activity on the worksite location.
[0062] In addition to above data, the analysis engine 106 of the system
102 may also obtain the worksite data 224 from the database repository 202
over the network 204. In an example, worksite data 224 indicates name, ID,
facial features, designation, expected location of a personnel at a particular
instance or period of time. Using this data, the system 102 may determine
authorized or unauthorized presence of personnel on the worksite locations.
[0063] At block 404, the activity data is analyzed based on predefined
assessment parameters. For example, the analysis engine 106 analyze the activity data 220 along with the personnel reported data 222 and worksite data 224 based on the assessment parameters 226. Such analysis includes identifying the type of activity associated with the activity data 220. Based on the identified type of activity, the analysis engine 106 retrieves the corresponding assessment parameters 226, either from its own storage or from an external storage, such as database repository 202, for the identified

type of the activity. Once retrieved, the analysis engine 106 may compare
the assessment parameters 226 with activity data 220 to determine the
differences between the safety procedure being followed actually and the
ideal safety procedure. Thereafter, based on the result of comparing, the
analysis engine 106, at block 406, classifies the activity associated with the
activity data as either confirming activity or non-conforming activity.
[0064] In another example, the analysis engine 106, during analysis,
may determine an operating type of the activity. In an example, the operating type of the activity is one of a personnel operable activity, such as personnel operable activity 118 or a machine operable activity, such as machine operable activity 120 (as shown in FIG. 1) or combination thereof. Such determination of operating type of the activity may be performed based on the analysis of the activity data 220. For example, video stream data included in the activity data 220 may be monitored and analyzed by the analysis engine 106 to determine whether the activity is being performed by the personnel manually or it is performed by a machinery. In an example, such determination is performed by video or image processing using video stream data included in the activity data 220.
[0065] In an example, while analyzing the activity data 220, the analysis
engine 106 may also generate an indication signal representing the result
of analysis, i.e., either all safety procedures or guidelines which have been
mentioned in the assessment parameters 226 are being followed or not.
[0066] At block 406, based on the indication signal generated as a result
of analysis, if the indication signal indicates that the activity associated with the activity data 220 is conforming with the ideal safety procedures or guidelines as per the assessment parameters 226, the method may proceed to block 402 (‘No’ path from block 406 to block 402), i.e., the activity is classified as conforming activity. On the other hand, at block 406, based on the indication signal generated as a result of analysis, if the indication signal indicates that the activity associated with the activity data 220 is non-conforming with the ideal safety procedures or guidelines as per the

assessment parameters 226, the method proceeds to block 408 (‘Yes’ path from block 406 to block 408), i.e., the activity is classified as non-conforming.
[0067] At block 408, a corrective workflow to switch an in-operation
activity to conformity is implemented. For example, once the activity associated with the activity data 220 has been classified as non-conforming, the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may implements a workflow to make the in-operation activity as confirming in compliance with the standard parameters as disclosed in the assessment parameters 226. In an example, the selection of corrective workflow from amongst the plurality of workflows defined in the predefined workflow(s) 228 is performed by the workflow engine 108 based on the determined type or operating type of the activity.
[0068] In an example, on determining that the operating type of the
activity is personnel operable activity 118 and its non-conforming too, the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may implements the corrective workflow which is determined from the predefined workflow(s) 228. To implement such corrective workflow in case of personnel operable activity 118, the analysis engine 106 while analyzing the activity data 220 may also determine whether the personnel working on the worksite location is authorized or not. In an example, this is determined by comparing the location of the personnel as per the information included in the worksite data 224 with the video feed provided as activity data 220 by the surveillance system. In an example, worksite data 224 includes information of each personnel at each instant of time according to a pre-planned schedule.
[0069] For example, in case of unauthorized presence of personnel on
the worksite, the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may direct the personnel to move to its correct worksite in the occupational environment based on the details present in the worksite data 224 for that personnel. In an example, the direction by the

system 102 to personnel is performed in any manner possible, such as my transmitting a message, or by making an announcement on the loud speaker, or rendering some alert signals on a display device installed in the occupational environment.
[0070] On the other hand, in case of authorized presence of personnel
on the worksite, the workflow engine 108 may cause to generate instructions, which when executed may command the personnel to follow corrective workflow in the worksite to prevent incidents. The corrective workflow has been already determined by the workflow engine on determining the activity is non-conforming. Therefore, this corrective workflow may be either transmitted as a message to the terminal device of the personnel, or by making an announcement on the loud speaker, direct or rendering some alert signals on a display device installed in the occupational environment. It may be noted that other means for either directing or commanding may be used without deviating from the scope of the invention.
[0071] FIG. 5 illustrates a method 500 for improving the safety coefficient
of the occupational environment, as per one example. Similar to the method
400, the order in which the method 500 is described is not intended to be
construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks
may combine in any order to implement the method 500, or an alternative
method. It may be understood that the blocks of the method 500 may be
performed by any one of the systems 102, 302. The blocks of the method
500 may be executed based on instructions stored in a non-transitory
computer-readable medium, as will be readily understood. The non-
transitory computer-readable medium may include, for example, digital
memories, magnetic storage media, such as magnetic disks and magnetic
tapes, hard drives, or optically readable digital data storage media.
[0072] At block 502, activity data captured by a surveillance system in
an occupational environment is monitored. For example, the analysis engine 212 may monitor the activity data 220 captured by the surveillance

system 104 from the worksite location. As may be understood, monitoring the activity data 220 from the worksite may include, but not limited to, monitoring an input image, a video stream, an audio input, or operating parameters from machinery.
[0073] At block 504, the activity data is analyzed by the safety
management system to determine the activity as conforming activity based on the assessment attributes. For example, the analysis engine 106 of the system 102 may analyze the activity data 220, and the analysis engine 212 may determine some indicators based on the analysis, for which the conformity of the activity with the safety guidelines may be improved. In an example, this improvement may be achieved by applying suitable workflows to alter the performance of an activity.
[0074] At block 506, a set of leading indicators and a set of lagging
indicators are generated based on the analysis in block 504. In an example,
the system 102 may generate performance indicators based on an analysis
by the analysis engine 212. In an example, these indicators may be called
key performance indicators and may represent activities that might either
improve or reduce the conformity of an activity with the safety guidelines.
For example, leading indicators may represent steps that might improve or
enhance the conformity of an activity with the safety guidelines. On the other
hand, lagging indicators may represent steps that might reduce or diminish
the activity conformity. In an example, such indicators may be depicted in
varying color combinations to depict conforming or lagging activities.
[0075] At block 508, workflows for improving a safety coefficient of the
occupational environment are implemented. For example, the workflow engine 108 of the system 102 may implement certain workflows from the predefined workflow(s) 228 to improve the safety coefficient of the occupational environment. As may be understood, safety coefficient of an occupational environment 100 may be defined as how much stronger or resilient a system is than it is needed to be for an intended purpose or activity. The system 102 may implement workflows for altering the

performance indicators of activities occurring within a worksite location. In an example, a particular workflow might be implemented by the workflow engine 108 for improving the leading indicators within the worksite location, thus improving the conformity or performance of an activity with the safety guidelines. On the other hand, workflows may also be implemented for reducing or eliminating the lagging indicators associated with an activity occurring within the worksite location. It is pertinent to note that, by implementing these workflows, the safety performance of a system may be improved, thereby improving the safety coefficient associated with an activity within the occupational environment 100, 300.
[0076] Although examples for the present disclosure have been
described in language specific to structural features and/or methods, it is to be understood that the appended claims are not necessarily limited to the specific features or methods described. Rather, the specific features and methods are disclosed and explained as examples of the present disclosure.

I/We Claim:
1. A method (400) comprising:
monitoring (402) an activity data (220) captured by a surveillance system (104) implemented in an occupational environment (100, 300), wherein the activity data (220) corresponds to an in-operation activity within a worksite location;
analyzing (404) the activity data (220) based on assessment parameters (226);
based on the analyzing, classifying (406) the activity associated with the activity data (220) as one of a conforming activity or a non-conforming activity; and
implementing (408) a predefined workflow, on classifying the activity as non-conforming activity, to make in-operation activity as conforming.
2. The method (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surveillance system (104) comprises a plurality of sensor(s) (110), video-camera device (112), microphone(s) (114), and a Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system (116).
3. The method (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method (400) further comprises:
receiving a personnel reported data (222) from a terminal device (316) operating by a personnel (314) at the worksite location, wherein personnel reported data (222) indicates non-conformity or conformity of the in-operation activity on the worksite location; and
obtaining a worksite data (224) form a database repository (202), wherein the worksite data (224) comprises a mapping of name, ID, facial features, designation, expected location of the personnel of each personnel at a particular instant of time in the occupational environment (100, 300).
4. The method (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the assessment
parameters (226) are predefined based on standardized operating
procedures for each of the activity taking place in the occupational

environment (100, 300), wherein the assessment parameters (226) comprises procedural manual data indicating requirement of hardware components to be used by personnel while performing an activity, conforming ranges of the different parameters of machinery, and worksite data.
5. The method (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the analyzing (404)
the activity data (220) based on the assessment parameters (226)
comprises:
identifying the type of activity based on the activity data (220);
retrieving the assessment parameters (226) for the identified type of the activity;
comparing activity data (220) with the assessment parameters (226) and based on the result of comparing, generating an indication signal indicating result of analysis, wherein the indication signal is used for classifying the activity associated with the activity data (220) as one of the non-conforming activity and the confirming activity.
6. The method (400) as claimed in claim 1, wherein on classifying the
activity associated with the activity data (220) as non-conforming, the
method (400) further comprises:
analyzing the activity data (220) to determine an operating type of the
activity, wherein the operating type is one of a personnel operable activity
(118) and a machine operable activity (120);
on determining the operating type of the activity as personnel
operable activity (118), generate instructions, which when executed are to: direct the personnel, in case of unauthorized presence of personnel in the worksite, to move to its corresponding worksite in the occupational environment (100, 300) based on the worksite data (224) retrieved from database repository (202), wherein the direction is transmitted as one of a signal or a message or an alert announcement to the terminal device (316) of the personnel; or

command the personnel, in case of authorized presence, to follow corrective workflow in the worksite to prevent incidents, wherein the command is transmitted as one of a signal or a message to the terminal device (316) of the personnel;
on determining the operating type of the activity as machine operable activity (120), generate instructions, which when executed are to:
wirelessly transmit a signal to the corresponding machinery to implement the corrective workflow, wherein the signal includes information regarding corrective workflow which triggers the corrective flow; or
sdirect the SCADA system (116) to implement the determined corrective workflow on the machinery operating the activity.
7. A safety management system (102) comprising:
a processor (206); and
an analysis engine (106) coupled to the processor (206), wherein the analysis engine (106) is to:
monitor an activity data (220) captured by a surveillance system (104), assembled in an occupational environment (100, 300), wherein the activity data (220) corresponds to an in-operation activity on a worksite location;
analyze the activity data (220) based on assessment parameters (226);
based on the analyzing, classify the activity associated with the activity data (220) as one of a conforming activity or a non-conforming activity; and
implement a predefined corrective workflow, on classifying the activity as non-conforming activity, to make in-operation activity as conforming.
8. The system (102) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the surveillance
system (104) is coupled with the system over a network and comprises a

plurality of sensors (110), video-camera device (112), microphones (114), and a SCADA system (116), wherein the activity data (220) captured by the surveillance system (104) comprises sensors data, video stream data, audio stream data, operating parameters of machinery, personnel activity data, and machinery operation data.
9. The system (102) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the system (102) is
further coupled to a terminal device (316) operating by a personnel (314) at
the worksite location, wherein the system (102) is to:
receive a personnel reported data (222) from the terminal device (316), wherein the personnel reported data (222) indicates non-conformity or conformity of the in-operation activity at the worksite location.
10. The system (102) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the assessment parameters (226) are predefined based on standardized operating procedures for each of the activity taking place in the occupational environment (100, 300), wherein the assessment parameters (226) comprises procedural manual data indicating requirement of hardware components to be used by personnel while performing an activity, conforming ranges of the different parameters of machinery, and worksite data.
11. The system (102) as claimed in claim 10, wherein the safety management system is coupled to a database repository (202) over the network (204), to obtain the worksite data (224) to be included in the assessment parameters (226), wherein the worksite data (224) comprises a mapping of time, worksite location with respect to the name, ID, facial features, designation, expected location of the personnel for each worksite location at a particular time in the occupational environment (100, 300).
12. The system (102) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the analysis engine (106) is to further:
identify the type of the activity based on the activity data (220);

retrieve the assessment parameters (226) for the identified type of
the activity;
compare activity data (220) with the assessment parameters (226)
and based on the comparing, generate an indication signal indicating the
result of analysis, wherein the indication signal is used to classify the activity
associated with the activity data (220) as one of the non-conforming activity
or conforming activity.
13. The system (102) as claimed in claim 8, wherein after classifying the
activity associated with the activity data (220) as non-conforming, the
analysis engine (106) is to:
analyze the activity data (220) to determine an operating type of the
activity, wherein the operating type is one of a personnel operable activity
(118) or a machine operable activity (120) or both;
on determining the operating type of the activity as personnel
operable activity (118), the system further comprises a workflow engine
(108) to generate instructions, which when executed are to:
direct the personnel, in case of unauthorized presence of the personnel in the worksite location, to move to its worksite location in the occupation environment (100, 300) based on the worksite data (224) retrieved from database repository (202), wherein the direction is transmitted as one of a signal or a message or an alert announcement to the terminal device (316) of the personnel; or
command the personnel, in case of authorized presence, to follow corrective workflow at the worksite location to prevent safety incidents, wherein the command is transmitted as one of a signal or a message to the terminal device (316) of the personnel (314); on determining the operating type of the activity as machine operable
activity (120), the workflow engine (108) to generate instructions, which
when executed are to:
wirelessly transmit a signal to the corresponding machinery to implement the corrective workflow, wherein the signal includes

information regarding corrective workflow which triggers the corrective flow; or
direct the SCADA system (116) to implement the determined corrective workflow on the machinery operating the activity.
14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions,
the instructions being executable by a processing resource to:
monitor an activity data (220) captured by a surveillance system (104) assembled in an occupational environment (100, 300), wherein the activity data (220) corresponds to an in-operation activity on a worksite;
analyze the activity data (220) based on assessment parameters (226) to determine the activity as conforming activity;
generate a set of leading indicators and a set of lagging indicators based on the analysis of the activity data (220);
implement a workflow for improving a safety coefficient of the occupational environment (100, 300).
15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium as claimed in claim
14, wherein the set of leading indicators indicates:
improving the conformance of the activity with the safety guidelines; wherein the set of lagging indicators indicates:
reducing the conformance of the activity with the safety guidelines.