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Systems And Methods For Dispensing A High Quality Hydrogen By Organic Hydrogen Carriers

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process (100) and a system (200) for on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier. The liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) is hydrogenated (102) in a first reactor (202) of a modular integrated reactor system (200). Further, hydrogenated LOHC is dehydrogenated (104) in a second reactor (204) under a catalytic condition, whereby releasing the high-quality hydrogen. A reversible technique introduces (106) the LOHC between the first reactor and the second reactor. The released high-quality hydrogen and the remaining LOHC are separated (108). The dehydrogenation (104) absorbs the heat generated during the hydrogenation (102). Further, ultrasonic wave energy is provided externally to the reactors (202, 204).

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Notices, Deadlines & Correspondence

Patent Information

Application #
Filing Date
28 March 2021
Publication Number
39/2022
Publication Type
INA
Invention Field
CHEMICAL
Status
Email
Parent Application

Applicants

h2e Power Systems Pvt. Ltd.
20, Sangam Project, Phase II, Wellesley Rd., Nr. RTO Pune-411001, Maharashtra, India

Inventors

1. SIDDHARTH, Mayur R.
h2e Power Systems Pvt. Ltd. 20 Sangam Project, Phase II, Wellesley Rd., Nr. RTO, Pune-411001, Maharashtra, India
2. AMARNATH, Chakradeo A.
h2e Power Systems Pvt. Ltd. 20 Sangam Project, Phase II, Wellesley Rd., Nr. RTO, Pune-411001, Maharashtra, India
3. SHAIKH, Shabana Parvin Shabbir
h2e Power Systems Pvt. Ltd. 20 Sangam Project, Phase II, Wellesley Rd., Nr. RTO, Pune-411001, Maharashtra, India
4. SHENDAGE, Dadasaheb Jagannath
h2e Power Systems Pvt. Ltd. 20 Sangam Project, Phase II, Wellesley Rd., Nr. RTO, Pune-411001, Maharashtra, India

Specification

Claims:1. A process (100) of on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier, comprising:
hydrogenating (102) a liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier in a first reactor (202) of a modular integrated reactor system (200);
dehydrogenating (104) the hydrogenated organic hydrogen carrier in a second reactor (204) under a reaction condition, whereby releasing the high-quality hydrogen;
introducing (106) the organic hydrogen carrier from the first reactor (202) to the second reactor (204), or vice versa; and
separating (108) the released high-quality hydrogen and the remaining liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier,
wherein the dehydrogenation (104) absorbs the heat generated during the hydrogenation (102), and
wherein ultrasonic energy is provided externally to the reactors (202, 204).

2. The process (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction condition is a single catalyst activity.

3. The process (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogenation (102) takes place at a temperature of 150oC-200oC and a pressure of 45-50 bar.

4. The process (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dehydrogenation (104) takes place at a temperature of 200oC-250oC and pressure ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 bar(abs).

5. The process (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a suitable reversible technique is applied to the modular integrated reactor system (200) for the introduction (106) of the liquid organic carrier between the first reactor (202) and the second reactor (204), to enable a continuous process.

6. The process (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic hydrogen carrier is selected from the group consisting of a dibenzyltoulene (DBT), benzyl toluene (BT), Cyclohexane-Benzene, Methylcyclohexane-Toluene, Naphthalene, Ethyl carbazole and ethylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

7. The process (100) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the catalyst is Raney-Ni.

8. An integrated modular reactor system (200) for on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier, comprising:
a first reactor (202) adapted to hydrogenate the liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier; and
a second reactor (204) adapted to dehydrogenate the hydrogenated organic hydrogen carrier under a reaction condition,
wherein the organic hydrogen carrier being introduced from the first reactor to the second reactor, or vice versa,
wherein the dehydrogenation releases the high-quality hydrogen,
wherein the released high-quality hydrogen and remaining liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier are separated,
wherein the dehydrogenation absorbs the heat generated during the hydrogenation, and
wherein ultrasonic energy is provided externally to the reactors (202, 204).

9. The system (200) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the modular design is a cylinder in a cylinder.

10. The system (200) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the modular design is hexagonal.

11. The system (200) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the modular design is of plate type.

12. The system (200) as claimed in claim 8, wherein a suitable reversible technique is applied with the integrated modular reactor system for the introduction of the liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier between the first reactor and the second reactor, to enable a continuous process.
, Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage systems and in particular to a process and a system for the storage, transportation, and 100% pure Hydrogen release via Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers through fast catalytic hydrogenation and dehydrogenation chemical reactions using reversible technique assisted with ultrasonic energy.
BACKGROUND
The commercialization of Fuel Cell Electric vehicles (FCEV) is the crucial but essential step to make the zero-emission to the transport sector. These FCEVs require high-quality H2 as fuel to stop these vehicles by losing power otherwise FCEVs would become an annoying thing for the drivers and consumers too. This problem occurs usually in FCEVs due to the contamination in H2 fuel which can cause severe damage and can lead to outright disable the vehicle, this may quickly destroy the acceptance of FCEVs by consumers. Thus, hydrogen purity is extremely critical for the long-term success of FCEVs in the automobile market for mobility applications.

Conventionally, H2 storage and transportation to fuel station mobility application is carried out using a variety of techniques. For example, a compressed (gas) technique requires an ambient temperature, 250-500 bar pressure, and 2-6 kWh/kgH2 electric. However, this requires high-grade energy, and further, has safety issues. Further, a cryogenic (liquid) technique requires -253 degree temperature, ambient pressure, and 10-12 kWh/kgH2 electricity. However, this technique has issues of the requirement of high-grade energy, and boil-off losses. A metal hydrides technique requires an ambient temperature, 20 bar pressure, 0.7-1 kWh/kgH2 electric, and 5.6-10.3 kWh/kgH2 thermal energy. This technique has issues of sensitivity to gaseous impurity, and high alloy cost.
A reported study describes a liquid organic hydrogen compound (LOHC) technique used for H2 storage and transportation to fuel station for FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle) and Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) based mobility application. The LOHC based technique requires an ambient temperature and pressure, and 9 kW/kgH2 thermal energy. As per the study, this reported technique has requirements of lowgrade energy e.g., waste heat from a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Though in the reported study, the operation of LOHC technology is mentioned at the ambient temperature, it will require pressures (approx. 30 -50 bar) during hydrogenation.

Further, although, the LOHC is the hydrogen economy sustainable and efficient storage technology for a longer time without self-discharge with safe handling advantage, the LOHC based technique has one major drawback as the released H2 during catalytic endothermal dehydrogenation process at 300oC and at ambient pressure due to hydrocarbon molecule cracking, releases other gases as byproducts (contents of source gases) along with the released H2 due to the hydrocarbon cracking and hydrocracking reaction at 200oC due to the hydrogenolysis of Pt catalyst and H-18DBT (named loaded DBT during hydrogenation at 200oC and 50 bar pressure) during dehydrogenation process which affects the degree of dehydrogenation (dod) further and the purity of the released product H2 due to the contaminations with other gases.

As discussed above, various studies on the LOHC based techniques reported, there are traces of other gases along with H2 also released after the dehydrogenation which can affect the performance of the FCEV’s and will cost further for the FCEV’s maintenance and, therefore, can make unattractiveness towards FCEV’s in future by the customers.

Moreover, the compressed hydrogen and liquid H2 required near absolute zero temperature (below –253°C) and high pressure with gas cascade to store and transport hydrogen. Also, the compressed H2 and liquid H2 both are unsafe to transport at longer distances and require high-cost expenditure.

The existing techniques other than LOHC have their own drawback for their product performance, cost, safety, commercialization, and market feasibility. Also, the fuel cell vehicles degrade their performance due to the poisoning effect of CO, CH4, HCHO, and HCOOH, which occurs usually through the contaminations in the H2 gas supply as a fuel. Also, the PEMFC based applications having the adverse effect of Hydrogen (H2) contamination as reported by several researchers.

Although the existing techniques enable producing a satisfactory quality H2 for the FCEV, however, due to one or more disadvantages, including but not limited to system complexity, high cost, high risk, large size, and lack of reliability, there is a need for improved process and system for releasing a high-quality H2 for the FCEV based vehicles.

SUMMARY
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts, in a simplified format, that are further described in the detailed description of the invention. This summary is neither intended to identify key or essential inventive concepts of the invention and nor is it intended for determining the scope of the invention.

In one aspect, the present invention discloses a process of on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier. The process includes the step of hydrogenating a liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier in a first reactor of a modular integrated reactor system. The process further includes the step of dehydrogenating the hydrogenated organic hydrogen carrier in a second reactor under a reaction condition, whereby releasing the high-quality hydrogen. The process furthermore includes the step of introducing the organic hydrogen carrier from the first reactor to the second reactor or vice versa. The process furthermore includes the step of separating the released high-quality hydrogen and the remaining liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier. The dehydrogenation absorbs the heat generated during the hydrogenation. Further, ultrasonic wave energy is provided externally to the reactors.

In another aspect, the present invention discloses an integrated modular reactor system for on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier. The system includes a first reactor adapted to hydrogenate the liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier, and a second reactor adapted to dehydrogenate the hydrogenated organic hydrogen carrier under a reaction condition. The organic hydrogen carrier is introduced from the first reactor to the second reactor through reversible technique assisted with ultrasonic energy or vice versa . The step of dehydrogenation releases high-quality hydrogen. Thereafter, the released high-quality hydrogen and remaining liquid phase organic hydrogen carriers are separated. The dehydrogenation absorbs the heat generated during the hydrogenation. Ultrasonic energy is provided externally to the reactors.

To further clarify the advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which is illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like characters represent like parts throughout the drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 illustrates a process flow diagram of on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier, according to an embodiment of the present subject matter; and

Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of an integrated modular reactor system for on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier, according to an embodiment of the present subject matter.

Further, skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the drawings are illustrated for simplicity and may not have been necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the flow charts illustrate the method in terms of the most prominent steps involved to help to improve understanding of aspects of the present invention. Furthermore, in terms of the construction of the device, one or more components of the device may have been represented in the drawings by conventional symbols, and the drawings may show only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present invention so as not to obscure the drawings with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended, such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated system, and such further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. The system, methods, and examples provided herein are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.

For example, the term “some” as used herein may be understood as “none” or “one” or “more than one” or “all.” Therefore, the terms “none,” “one,” “more than one,” “more than one, but not all” or “all” would fall under the definition of “some.” It should be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the terminology and structure employed herein is for describing, teaching, and illuminating some embodiments and their specific features and elements and therefore, should not be construed to limit, restrict or reduce the spirit and scope of the claims or their equivalents in any way.

For example, any terms used herein such as, “includes,” “comprises,” “has,” “consists,” and similar grammatical variants do not specify an exact limitation or restriction, and certainly do not exclude the possible addition of one or more features or elements, unless otherwise stated. Further, such terms must not be taken to exclude the possible removal of one or more of the listed features and elements, unless otherwise stated, for example, by using the limiting language including, but not limited to, “must comprise” or “needs to include.”

Whether or not a certain feature or element was limited to being used only once, it may still be referred to as “one or more features” or “one or more elements” or “at least one feature” or “at least one element.” Furthermore, the use of the terms “one or more” or “at least one” feature or element do not preclude there being none of that feature or element, unless otherwise specified by limiting language including, but not limited to, “there needs to be one or more...” or “one or more element is required.”

Unless otherwise defined, all terms and especially any technical and/or scientific terms, used herein may be taken to have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person ordinarily skilled in the art.

Reference is made herein to some “embodiments.” It should be understood that an embodiment is an example of a possible implementation of any features and/or elements presented in the attached claims. Some embodiments have been described for the purpose of explaining one or more of the potential ways in which the specific features and/or elements of the attached claims fulfill the requirements of uniqueness, utility, and non-obviousness.

Use of the phrases and/or terms including, but not limited to, “a first embodiment,” “a further embodiment,” “an alternate embodiment,” “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “multiple embodiments,” “some embodiments,” “other embodiments,” “further embodiment”, “furthermore embodiment”, “additional embodiment” or other variants thereof do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, one or more particular features and/or elements described in connection with one or more embodiments may be found in one embodiment, or may be found in more than one embodiment, or may be found in all embodiments, or may be found in no embodiments. Although one or more features and/or elements may be described herein in the context of only a single embodiment, or in the context of more than one embodiment, or in the context of all embodiments, the features and/or elements may instead be provided separately or in any appropriate combination or not at all. Conversely, any features and/or elements described in the context of separate embodiments may alternatively be realized as existing together in the context of a single embodiment.

Any particular and all details set forth herein are used in the context of some embodiments and therefore should not necessarily be taken as limiting factors to the attached claims. The attached claims and their legal equivalents can be realized in the context of embodiments other than the ones used as illustrative examples in the description below.

The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage systems and in particular to a process and system for the storage, transportation, and 100% pure H2 release via Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) with catalytic hydrogenation and dehydrogenation chemical reactions through reversible technique assisted with ultrasonic energy. The LOHC is a liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier compound that absorbs and releases Hydrogen (H2). The LOHC may help to store and transport H2 safely, easily, and cheaply in the chemical form at room temperature and ambient pressure without any costly maintenance.

In an embodiment, the present invention discloses a process of on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier. The process includes the step of hydrogenating a liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier in a first reactor of a modular integrated reactor system. The process further includes the step of dehydrogenating the hydrogenated organic hydrogen carrier in a second reactor under a reaction condition, whereby releasing the high-quality hydrogen. The process furthermore includes the step of introducing the organic hydrogen carrier from the first reactor to the second reactor through reversible technique assisted with ultrasonic energy or vice versa. The process furthermore includes the step of separating the released high-quality hydrogen and the remaining liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier. The dehydrogenation absorbs the heat generated during the hydrogenation. Further, ultrasonic wave energy is provided externally to the reactors.

The heat released by the hydrogenation (102) reaction (exothermic reaction, 9 kWh/kg of H2) when the hydrogen is absorbed can in principle be used for heating purposes or as process heat. The heat energy from exothermic reaction during the hydrogenation at temperatures of approx. 150-300°C in the presence of a catalyst. The hydrogenated, hydrogen-rich form of the LOHC is dehydrogenated, with the hydrogen being released again from the LOHC. This reaction is endothermic and can absorb heat generated during hydrogenation. Hence the SOFC waste heat or external heat source demand reduces significantly thereby saving energy, processing time and cost.

In an example embodiment, the reaction condition is a single catalyst activity. In an another alternate embodiment, the hydrogenation takes place at a temperature of 150oC-200oC and a pressure of 45-50 bar. In an another alternate embodiment, the dehydrogenation takes place at a temperature of 200oC-250oC and pressure ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 bar(abs). In an another alternate embodiment, the organic hydrogen carrier is selected from the group consisting of a dibenzyltoulene (DBT), benzyl toluene (BT), Cyclohexane-Benzene, Methylcyclohexane-Toluene, Naphthalene, Ethyl carbazole and ethylene glycol, and combinations thereof. The dibenzyltoulene (DBT) sold under the brand name Marlotherm SH may be preferred to be used as LOHC in the present invention.

In an alternate embodiment, the catalyst is Raney-Ni. In an alternate embodiment, a suitable reversible technique is applied to the modular integrated reactor system for the introduction of the liquid organic carrier between the first reactor and the second reactor, to enable a continuous process.

In another embodiment, the present invention discloses an integrated modular reactor system for on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier. The system includes a first reactor adapted to hydrogenate the liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier, and a second reactor adapted to dehydrogenate the hydrogenated organic hydrogen carrier under a reaction condition. The organic hydrogen carrier is introduced from the first reactor to the second reactor or vice versa. The step of dehydrogenation releases high-quality hydrogen. Thereafter, the released high-quality hydrogen and remaining liquid phase organic hydrogen carriers are separated. The dehydrogenation absorbs the heat generated during the hydrogenation. Ultrasonic energy is provided externally to the reactors.

In an alternate embodiment, the modular design is a cylinder in a cylinder. In another alternate embodiment, the modular design is hexagonal. In an another alternate embodiment, the modular design is of plate type. In an another alternate embodiment, a suitable reversible technique is applied to the modular integrated reactor system for the introduction of the liquid organic carrier between the first reactor and the second reactor, to enable a continuous process.

The process and the system of the present invention may fulfill the need for a supply of an improved quality H2 for the FCEV which requires a high purity H2 as a fuel in order to contribute towards eliminating the carbon footprints from the environment. Further, as the worldwide nations have announced for zero-emission in a near future, for example, India has announced that there will be zero-emission electric vehicles will be running on roads in large numbers, the present invention solves the need to supply the fuel required to run the FECV’s with high purity and at a cheaper rate to make it affordable for the consumers and to explore the FECV’s market across the country as well in the world.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 illustrates a process flow diagram of on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier, according to an embodiment of the present subject matter. The process (100) may include the step of hydrogenating (102) a liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier (‘LOHC’) in a first reactor of a modular integrated reactor system. The step of hydrogenation (102) may take place at a suitable temperature in the temperature range of 150oC-200oC and at a suitable pressure in the pressure range of 45-50 bar.

The process (100) may further include the step of dehydrogenating (104) the hydrogenated organic hydrogen carrier in a second reactor under a reaction condition. The step of dehydrogenating (104) may release the high-quality hydrogen for the FCE vehicles. The step of dehydrogenation (104) may take place at a suitable temperature in the temperature range of 200oC-250oC and at a suitable pressure ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 bar(abs).

The reaction condition, as described above, of the step of dehydrogenation (104) may be a single catalyst activity. In an example embodiment, the catalyst is Raney-Ni, however, any other suitable catalyst may also be used without deviating from the scope of the present invention.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the step of hydrogenation (102) may also take place under the reaction condition as described in respect of the step of the dehydrogenation (104), without deviating from the scope of the present invention. Further, the same catalyst, i.e., Raney-Ni, or any other suitable catalyst may also be used without deviating from the scope of the present invention.

The process (100) may furthermore include the step of introducing (106) the organic hydrogen carrier from the first reactor to the second reactor, or vice versa. For example, after the hydrogenation, the hydrogenated LOHC may be introduced from the first reactor to the second reactor, using a suitable technique. As defined by the term ‘vice versa’, after the step of the dehydrogenation (104), the remaining LOHC may be introduced from the second reactor to the first reactor, for the step of hydrogenation (102), using the suitable technique, thus the process (100) may continuously take place. In an example, the suitable technique for the step of introducing (106) the organic hydrogen carrier from the first reactor to the second reactor, or vice versa, is, but not limited to, a suitable reversible technique.

A suitable energy source, for example, but not limited to, ultrasonic wave energy may be provided externally to the reactors, i.e., the first reactor and/or the second reactor. As the step of hydrogenation (102) is an exothermic reaction, thus, heat is generated during the step of hydrogenation (102). However, the step of dehydrogenation (104) being an endothermic reaction, may absorb the heat generated during the hydrogenation (102), thus, the requirement of an external energy supply may be substantially decreased.

The process (100) may furthermore include the step of separating (108) the released high-quality hydrogen and the remaining liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier. The high-quality hydrogen separated from the process (100) may be used on-site for the FCE vehicles.

The organic hydrogen carrier or the liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) in the liquid phase, of the process (100) may be selected from the group consisting of a dibenzyltoulene (DBT), benzyl toluene (BT), Cyclohexane-Benzene, Methylcyclohexane-Toluene, Naphthalene, Ethyl carbazole and ethylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of an integrated modular reactor system for on-site dispense of high-quality hydrogen by an organic hydrogen carrier, according to an embodiment of the present subject matter. The integrated modular reactor system (200) may include a first reactor (202) adapted to hydrogenate the liquid phase organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), and a second reactor (204) adapted to dehydrogenate the hydrogenated organic hydrogen carrier under a reaction condition.

As described earlier above in conjunction with Fig. 1, the hydrogenated LOHC may be introduced from the first reactor (202) to the second reactor (204), or vice versa. For example, the hydrogenated LOHC may be introduced from the first reactor (202) to the second reactor (204). Further, the remaining LOHC, after the dehydrogenation in the second reactor (204), may be introduced from the second reactor (204) to the first reactor (202), for the hydrogenation in the first reactor (202). The introduction between the first reactor (202) and the second reactor (204) may be performed by using the suitable technique, thereby enabling continuous hydrogenation and/or dehydrogenation, in the first reactor (202) and in the second reactor (204), respectively, of the integrated modular reactor system (200). In an example, the suitable technique is but is not limited to, a reversible technique.

Further, as described earlier in conjunction with Fig. 1, the dehydrogenation taking place in the second reactor (204) may release the high-quality hydrogen. The released high-quality hydrogen and remaining dehydrogenated LOHC may be separated. The separated high-quality hydrogen may be used on-site as a fuel for the FCEV.

Furthermore, as described in conjunction with Fig. 1, the hydrogenation reaction taking place in the first reactor (202), being an exothermic reaction, may generate a heat which may be absorbed by the dehydrogenation reaction, being an endothermic reaction, taking place in the second reactor (204).

Further, the modular design of the integrated modular reaction system (200) may be a cylinder in a cylinder. Alternatively, the modular design of the integrated modular reaction system (200) may be hexagonal. Alternatively, the modular design of the integrated modular reaction system (200) may be of plate type.

Thus, as described above, the LOHC based hydrogenation and dehydrogenation system integrated with two reactors, one for hydrogenation at temperature 150-200oC and pressure of 45-50 bar and another reactor for dehydrogenation at 200-300oC and pressure ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 bar(abs), will be a continuous process with reversible technique yielding/releasing the high-purity H2 fuel on site. The ultrasonic energy may be supplied to the reactors externally to increase the catalyst kinetics and reaction speed which may help to decrease the reaction time and in turn formation of side product gases.

The major advantages of the technical solutions proposed by the present disclosure include the fact that

As, the performance, capacity of H2 released and purity of the Hydrogen depends on the dehydrogenation reaction time, and since, the present invention increases the catalytic kinetics with loaded (H-18DBT) by decreasing the formation of side products, and the reaction time and increasing the reaction speed which helps to enhance the performance, capacity, and purity of the product gas Hydrogen (H2). The present invention based on ultrasonic wave energy to the LOHC-reactor itself removes the issue of impurities in the product gas without additional use of gas separation membranes which reducing the cost, increasing H2 release capacity at the same time, and ensuring in a better way the recyclability of LOHC. Thus, The present invention based on the LOHC technology with the integration of ultrasonic waves is an efficient, cheaper, highly safer, economical, simpler/easier, and commercially feasible for the on-site release of high purity H2 and its supply.

Further, the present invention does not require the use of stirring for both the reactors, thus, it addresses the issues of i) space requirement, ii) capacity scaling up and iii) safety of human beings and the environment. Further, the present invention releases H2 with 100% purity at low pressure and temperature for the dehydrogenation with an increase in dod (degree of dehydrogenation) without using stirring.

Thus, the present invention, by using an inexpensive catalyst, and, by supplying the ultrasonic wave energy externally, leads to high catalytic activity and improves electrochemical and thermochemical kinetics during hydrogenation and dehydrogenation.

The present invention may enhance the quality of H2 with high purity of 99.99 to 100% for the mobility application as fuel by using ultrasonic energy for dehydrogenation at the lowest pressure ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 bar at 200-300oC with single catalyst activity. The modular design of low-pressure LOHC technology using ultrasonic energy with high pure H2 release capacity is easy, safe, and cost affordable for the consumers to fulfill the need of the supply of high purity H2 fuel.

While specific language has been used to describe the present subject matter, any limitations arising on account thereto, are not intended. As would be apparent to a person in the art, various working modifications may be made to the method in order to implement the inventive concept as taught herein. The drawings and the forgoing description give examples of embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that one or more of the described elements may well be combined into a single functional element. Alternatively, certain elements may be split into multiple functional elements. Elements from one embodiment may be added to another embodiment.

Documents

Application Documents

# Name Date
1 202121013870-TRANSLATIOIN OF PRIOIRTY DOCUMENTS ETC. [28-03-2021(online)].pdf 2021-03-28
2 202121013870-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [28-03-2021(online)].pdf 2021-03-28
3 202121013870-POWER OF AUTHORITY [28-03-2021(online)].pdf 2021-03-28
4 202121013870-FORM 1 [28-03-2021(online)].pdf 2021-03-28
5 202121013870-DRAWINGS [28-03-2021(online)].pdf 2021-03-28
6 202121013870-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [28-03-2021(online)].pdf 2021-03-28
7 202121013870-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [28-03-2021(online)].pdf 2021-03-28
8 202121013870-Proof of Right [03-04-2021(online)].pdf 2021-04-03
9 Abstract1.jpg 2021-10-19
10 202121013870-FORM 18 [27-03-2025(online)].pdf 2025-03-27
11 202121013870-PA [28-03-2025(online)].pdf 2025-03-28
12 202121013870-ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENTS [28-03-2025(online)].pdf 2025-03-28
13 202121013870-8(i)-Substitution-Change Of Applicant - Form 6 [28-03-2025(online)].pdf 2025-03-28