TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates to the field of telecommunications cables. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a telecommunications cable with filler and jacket. The present application is based on, and claims priority from an Indian Application Number 201811015561 filed on 25th April, 2018, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND
With an increase in utilization of complex communication and networking systems, the demand for transmitting signals at high transmission rates has increased. In order to meet the growing demands, various types of data transmission cables are used for transmitting data which are compliant with high performance data standards. These data transmission cables are classified into UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cables, FTP (Foiled Twisted Pair) cables and STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) cables depending on the shield. UTP cable is the widely used data transmission cable in which one or more twisted pairs of insulated conductors are bundled within an outer jacket. In addition, the UTP cables include filler or separator. The shape of the filler may be cross type filler. The filler or separator forms four regions for disposing the twisted pair of insulated conductors. Typically, the one or more twisted pairs of insulated conductors along with other components like separators, ripcords etc. defines a cable core of the data transmission cable. The cable core is surrounded by the outer jacket extruded circumferentially over the cable core to provide mechanical strength and protection to the cable core. A common problem in the telecommunications cable is an increased occurrence of an alien crosstalk associated with high speed signal transmission especially for augmented categories such as Cat 6A, Cat 7A and Cat 8. In general, alien crosstalk is an electromagnetic noise that occurs in a data transmission cable which runs alongside one or more other data transmission cables. Alien crosstalk is an important factor in evaluating telecommunications cable performance as it represents signal energy loss or dissipation due to coupling between conductors or components of the telecommunications cable. The alien crosstalk causes interference to the information transmitted through the data transmission cable. In addition, the alien crosstalk reduces the data transmission rate and can also cause an increase in the bit error rate. The prior arts have tried to come up with several cable design solutions to minimize the alien crosstalk.

In light of the above stated discussion, there exists a need for a telecommunications cable which overcomes the above cited drawbacks of conventionally known telecommunications cable.

OBJECT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A primary object of the present disclosure is to provide a telecommunications cable with dumbbell shaped filler and a jacket for reduction of cable diameter.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide the telecommunications cable for protection of electrical conductors from any external impact.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide the telecommunications cable with reduced alien cross talk.

Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide the telecommunications cable with reduced jacket material consumption.

Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide the telecommunications cable with improved electrical performance.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide the telecommunications cable with improved transmission characteristics.

Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide the telecommunications cable with increased air gap.

SUMMARY

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a telecommunications cable. The telecommunications cable includes a plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors extending substantially along a longitudinal axis of the telecommunications cable. The telecommunications cable includes a filler for separating each twisted pair of insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors. The telecommunications cable includes a jacket surrounding the filler and the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors along the length of the telecommunications cable. In addition, each of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors is helically twisted along length of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors. Further, each insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes an electrical conductor. Furthermore, each insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes an insulation layer surrounding the electrical conductor. The electrical conductor is made of copper. The filler is a cross sectional dumbbell shaped filler. The filler is made up of two dumbbell shaped structure kept perpendicular to each other. The filler is made of low smoke zero halogen material. The filler includes a first filler section and a second filler section. The first filler section and the second filler section are positioned perpendicular to each other. The first filler section includes one cylindrical section and two triangular sections. The second filler section includes one cylindrical sections and two triangular sections. The first filler section has a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter. The second filler section has a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter. The first filler section has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter. The second filler section has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter. The first filler section has a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter. The second filler section has a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter. The filler divides core of the telecommunications cable into a plurality of area sections. The jacket is made of low smoke zero halogen. The jacket includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the jacket defines a plurality of grooves. The first surface has a discontinuous circular cross section along the longitudinal axis of the telecommunications cable. The second surface has a continuous circular cross section along the longitudinal axis of the telecommunications cable.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes a first twisted pair of insulated conductors, a second twisted pair of insulated conductors, a third twisted pair of insulated conductors and a fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of grooves arranged around the first surface lies in a range of 3 grooves to 12 grooves.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of area sections includes a first area section, a second area section, a third area section and a fourth area section. In addition, each area section of the plurality of area sections corresponds to an area separated by the filler.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of grooves includes a first groove area section and a second groove area section. The first groove area section of the plurality of grooves is a radially inwardly curved cross section. The second groove area section of the plurality of grooves is an inverted arch cross section.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of grooves has a cross-sectional shape selected from a group. The group includes T shape, double P shape, sinusoidal, semicircular, arched, triangular, square, rectangular and trapezoidal.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable has mutual capacitance less than 5.6 nanofarad per 100 meters at 1000 Hz. The telecommunications cable has delay skew less than 45 nanoseconds per 100 meters at 1 MHz.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable has an input impedance of 100 ohm ± 15 ohm. The telecommunications cable has conductor resistance less than or equal to 9.38 ohm per 100 meters at 20 ºC.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable has a diameter in a range of about 7.6 ± 0.4 millimeter.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a filler for use in a telecommunications cable. The filler includes a first filler section. In addition, the filler includes a second filler section. The first filler section and the second filler section are positioned perpendicular to each other. The first filler section includes one cylindrical section and two triangular sections. The second filler section includes one cylindrical sections and two triangular sections. The first filler section has a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter. The second filler section has a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter. The first filler section has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter. The second filler section has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter. The first filler section has a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter. The second filler section has a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter. The filler is a cross sectional dumbbell shaped filler, wherein the filler is made up of two dumbbell shaped structure kept perpendicular to each other. The filler is made of low smoke zero halogen material.

STATEMENT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure provides a telecommunications cable. The telecommunications cable includes a plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors extending substantially along a longitudinal axis of the telecommunications cable. The telecommunications cable includes a filler for separating each twisted pair of insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors. The telecommunications cable includes a jacket surrounding the filler and the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors along the length of the telecommunications cable. In addition, each of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors is helically twisted along length of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors. Further, each insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes an electrical conductor. Furthermore, each insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes an insulation layer surrounding the electrical conductor. The electrical conductor is made of copper. The filler is a cross sectional dumbbell shaped filler. The filler is made up of two dumbbell shaped structure kept perpendicular to each other. The filler is made of low smoke zero halogen material. The filler includes a first filler section and a second filler section. The first filler section and the second filler section are positioned perpendicular to each other. The first filler section includes one cylindrical section and two triangular sections. The second filler section includes one cylindrical sections and two triangular sections. The first filler section has a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter. The second filler section has a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter. The first filler section has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter. The second filler section has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter. The first filler section has a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter. The second filler section has a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter. The filler divides core of the telecommunications cable into a plurality of area sections. The jacket is made of low smoke zero halogen. The jacket includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the jacket defines a plurality of grooves. The first surface has a discontinuous circular cross section along the longitudinal axis of the telecommunications cable. The second surface has a continuous circular cross section along the longitudinal axis of the telecommunications cable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
Having thus described the disclosure, in general, terms, reference will now be made to the accompanying figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates a cross sectional view of a telecommunications cable, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the accompanying figures are intended to present illustrations of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. These figures are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should also be noted that accompanying figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Reference will now be made in detail to selected embodiments of the present disclosure, in conjunction with accompanying figures. The embodiments described herein are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, and the present disclosure, should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described. This disclosure, may be embodied in different forms without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure,. It should be understood that the accompanying figures are intended and provided to illustrate embodiments of the disclosure, described below and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings, like numbers refer to like elements throughout, and thicknesses and dimensions of some components may be exaggerated for providing better clarity and ease of understanding.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, herein do not denote any order, ranking, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Further, the terms "a" and "an" herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced item.

[0027] FIG. 1 illustrates a cross sectional view of a telecommunications cable 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In general, the telecommunications cable 100 is a media that allows baseband transmissions from a transmitter to a receiver. The telecommunications cable 100 is used for a wide variety of applications. The wide variety of applications include recording studios, data transmission, radio transmitters, intercoms, electronic circuit installations and the like. Moreover, the telecommunications cable 100 is used for high speed data rate transmission. The high speed data rate transmission includes 1000BASE-T (Gigabit Ethernet) and 10 GBASE-T (10-Gigabit Ethernet) or other standards. The telecommunications cable 100 is a shielded or unshielded twisted pair telecommunications cable. In general, the unshielded twisted pair telecommunications cable is a cable with two conductors of a single circuit twisted together. The electrical conductors are twisted together for the purposes of canceling out electromagnetic interference from external sources. The telecommunications cable 100 is associated with a longitudinal axis 104. The longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100 passes through a geometrical center 102 of the cross section of the telecommunications cable 100. The telecommunications cable 100 is a Category 6 cable or higher Categories. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 is a Category 6 cable.

[0028] The telecommunications cable 100 includes a filler 106, a jacket 128, a plurality of area sections and a plurality of twisted pair of insulated conductors. In addition, the jacket has a first surface 130, a second surface 132 and a plurality of grooves 134. Further, each of the plurality of grooves 134 includes a first groove area section 136 and a second groove area section 138. Moreover, the plurality of area sections includes a first area section 112, a second area section 114, a third area section 116 and a fourth area section 118. Furthermore, the plurality of twisted pair of insulated conductors includes a first twisted pair of insulated conductors 120 and a second twisted pair of insulated conductors 122. Also, the plurality of twisted pair of insulated conductors includes a third twisted pair of insulated conductors 124 and a fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors 126.
[0029] The telecommunications cable 100 includes the filler 106. In addition, the filler 106 is a separator. The separator extends along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. The separator separates each of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors from each other. The separator isolates each of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors from each other. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the filler 106 separates a core of the telecommunications cable 100 into the plurality of area sections. Each section includes a pair of twisted insulated conductor along a length of the telecommunications cable 100. The filler 106 is a cross sectional dumbbell shaped filler. Two dumbbell shaped structure are perpendicular to each other to make the structure of the filler. The filler 106 has a first filler section 108 and a second filler section 110. The first filler section 108 and the second filler section 110 are positioned perpendicular to each other. Further each section of the filler 106 has a cylindrical surface and a triangular surface. The central or middle part of the first filler section 108 and the second filler section 110 is cylindrical in shape. In addition, the end parts of the first filler section 108 and the second filler section 110 is triangular in shape. The first filler section 108 includes one cylindrical section C1 and two triangular sections T1 and T2. Similarly, the second filler section 110 includes one cylindrical section and two triangular sections (Not marked in Figure). In addition, the first filler section 108 and the second filler section 110 have a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter T1+C1+T2 of the first filler section 108 is 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter (T1+C1+T2 = 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter). Further, the first filler section 108 and the second filler 110 has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter. In an embodiment, the second filler section 110 has a width W1 of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter (W1 = 1.4 ± 0.3). Moreover, the first filler section 108 and the second filler section 110 have a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter. In an embodiment, the second filler section 110 has wing thickness T3 of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter (T3 = 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter). In general, the wing thickness is basically the distance between the upper and lower surface of the wing (filler).

[0030] The filler 106 is made up of low smoke zero halogen. In general, low smoke zero halogen is a type of plastic used in the wire and cable industry for improving performance of cables and wires. Low smoke zero halogen is custom compound designed to produce minimal smoke and no halogen during exposure to fire. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the filler is made up of any other suitable material. The filler 106 divides the core of the telecommunications cable 100 into the plurality of area sections.

[0031] The telecommunications cable 100 includes the plurality of area sections. Each area of the plurality of area sections corresponds to an area separated by the filler 106. The plurality of area sections includes a first area section 112, a second area section 114, a third area section 116 and a fourth area section 118. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of area section corresponds to any other suitable number of area sections. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of area sections is equal in cross sectional area. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the cross sectional area of the plurality of area sections is not equal. Each area section of the plurality of area sections provides housing space for plurality of data transmission elements. Each area section of the plurality of area sections includes one pair of twisted insulated conductors. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, each area section of the plurality of area sections may include any other suitable number of pairs of twisted insulated conductors.

[0032] The telecommunications cable 100 includes the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors. Each of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors extends substantially along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors is helically twisted along a length of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors. The plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors are helically twisted together to minimize the cross talk in the telecommunications cable 100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a number of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors is 4. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors may vary. Each of the four twisted pair of insulated conductor includes two insulated conductors twisted together along a length of the insulated conductors.

[0033] Each insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes an electrical conductor and an insulation layer. In addition, each twisted pair of insulated conductor includes a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor. The first electrical conductor is surrounded by a first insulation layer. The second electrical conductor is surrounded by a second insulated layer. Similarly, each of the four twisted pair of insulated conductors includes a first electrical conductor surrounded by a first insulation layer and a second electrical conductor surrounded by a second insulated layer. Each electrical conductor is 23 American wire gauge (hereinafter AWG) conductor. In general, AWG is a standardized wire gauge system. The value of wire gauge indicates the diameter of the conductors in the cable.

[0034] In general, insulated conductors are used in many categories of data transmission, telecommunication, electrical wiring, power generation, power transmission, power distribution, electronic circuitry. In an embodiment each electrical conductors is of circular shape. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the insulated conductor is of any other suitable shape.

[0035] The plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes the first twisted pair of insulated conductors 120, the second twisted pair of insulated conductors 122, and the third twisted pair of insulated conductors 124. In addition, the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors includes the fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors 126. Further, each pair of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors is positioned inside a separate section of the plurality of area sections. The first twisted pair of insulated conductors 120 is positioned in the first area section 112. The second twisted pair of insulated conductors 122 is positioned in the second area section 114. The third twisted pair of insulated conductors 124 is positioned in the third area section 116. The fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors 126 is positioned in the fourth area section 118. Each pair of twisted insulated conductors includes two insulated conductors.
[0036] The telecommunications cable 100 includes a plurality of insulated conductors. Each of the insulated conductors is characterized by a cross-sectional diameter. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cross-sectional diameter of each of the plurality of insulated conductors is in a range of about 0.570 millimeter ± 0.010 millimeters. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the cross-sectional diameter of each of the insulated conductors may vary. Each of the plurality of insulated conductors is made of copper.
[0037] The first twisted pair of insulated conductors 120 includes a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor. The first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor of the first twisted pair of insulated conductors 120 are having the insulation layer of high density polyethylene material. In general, the insulation layer surrounds the electrical conductor. The insulators are used in electrical equipment to support and separate electrical conductors. In addition, the first electrical conductor of the first twisted pair of insulated conductors 120 is having the insulation layer of orange color. Further, the second electrical conductor of the first twisted pair of insulated conductors 120 is having the insulation layer of white color with orange stripe.
[0038] The second twisted pair of insulated conductors 122 includes a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor. The first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor of the second twisted pair of insulated conductors 122 are having the insulation layer of high density polyethylene material. In addition, the first electrical conductor of the second twisted pair of insulated conductors 122 is having the insulation layer of green color. Further, the second electrical conductor of the second twisted pair of insulated conductors 122 is having the insulation layer of white color with green stripe.
[0039] The third twisted pair of insulated conductors 124 includes a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor. The first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor of the third twisted pair of insulated conductors 124 are having the insulation layer of high density polyethylene material. In addition, the first electrical conductor of the third twisted pair of insulated conductors 124 is having the insulation layer of brown color. Further, the second electrical conductor of the third twisted pair of insulated conductors 124 is having the insulation layer of white color with brown stripe.
[0040] The fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors 126 includes a first electrical conductor and a second electrical conductor. The first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor of the fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors 126 are having the insulation layer made of high density polyethylene material. In addition, the first electrical conductor of the fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors 126 is having the insulation layer of blue color. Further, the second electrical conductor of the fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors 126 is having the insulation layer of white color with blue stripe.
[0041] In an embodiment the color of insulation layer over the plurality of twisted pair of insulated conductors may vary according to the requirement. In general, the insulation layer surrounds each of the plurality of electrical conductors. The electric current in the electrical conductors cannot pass through the corresponding insulation layers. The insulation layer is a protective coating layer over the corresponding electrical conductors. The insulation layer provides electrical isolation for each of the plurality of electrical conductors. In an embodiment, the insulation layer over the plurality of twisted pair of insulated conductors 120-d may be of any suitable material.
[0042] The telecommunications cable 100 includes the jacket 128. The jacket 128 includes a jacket body. The body of the jacket 128 extends substantially along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. The longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100 passes through the geometrical center 102 of the telecommunications cable 100. The jacket 128 surrounds the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors extending substantially along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. The jacket 128 is an outer layer of the telecommunications cable 100. The jacket 128 is the protective outer covering for the telecommunications cable 100. The jacket 128 provides thermal insulation and electrical insulation to the telecommunications cable 100. The jacket 128 provides mechanical protection to the telecommunications cable 100. The jacket 128 protects the telecommunications cable 100 from moisture, water, insects, abrasion, physical damage, magnetic fields, radiations and the like.

[0043] The jacket 128 is made of low smoke zero halogen. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the jacket 128 is made of any other suitable material. In addition, the jacket 128 includes the first surface 130 and the second surface 132. The first surface 130 is the internal surface of the jacket 128. The first surface 130 surrounds the core of the telecommunications cable 100. The second surface 132 is an external surface of the jacket 128. The first surface 130 and the second surface 132 extend along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. The second surface 132 has a continuous circular cross section along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. The first surface 130 has a discontinuous circular cross section along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. The first surface 130 and the second surface 132 are made of same material.

[0044] The first surface 130 and the second surface 132 are concentric to each other. The jacket 128 is characterized by a radial distance between the first surface 130 and the second surface 132. The radial distance of the jacket 128 between the first surface 130 and the second surface 132 remains constant throughout the entire length of the telecommunications cable 100.

[0045] The first surface 130 of the jacket 128 defines a plurality of grooves 134. The plurality of grooves 134 are directed radially outwardly from the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. The plurality of grooves 134 lies substantially along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. The plurality of grooves 134 has a cross-sectional shape selected from a group. The group consists of T shape, double P shape, sinusoidal, semicircular, arched, triangular, square, rectangular and trapezoidal. In addition, the group also includes shapes made from combination of two or more of the shapes included in the group. In an embodiment of the present disclosure the group includes any other suitable shape or combination of shapes. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of grooves 134 may have any other suitable cross-sectional shape.

[0046] Further, the number of plurality of grooves 134 arranged around the first surface 130 lies in the range of 3 grooves to 12 grooves. In an example, the number of plurality of grooves in the telecommunications cable 100 is 12. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of grooves 134 arranged around the first surface 130 lies in any other suitable range. The plurality of grooves 134 is uniform in shape throughout the entire length of the telecommunications cable 100. The plurality of grooves 134 includes smooth edges. The plurality of grooves 134 includes no sharp edges. The plurality of grooves 134 includes curved edges.

[0047] The plurality of grooves 134 are designed such that each of the plurality of twisted pair of insulated conductors cannot enter into the cross section of the plurality of grooves 134. Further, each of the plurality of grooves 134 is identical in shape and size. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of grooves 134 may vary in shape and size. Each of the plurality of grooves 134 includes the first groove area section 136 and the second groove area section 138. The first groove area section 136 of the plurality of grooves 134 is a radially inwardly curved cross section. The curve center of the radially inwardly curved cross section of the first groove area section 136 lies along the longitudinal axis 104 of the telecommunications cable 100. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the curve center of the radially inwardly curved cross section of the first groove area section 136 lies at any other suitable location.

[0048] The second groove area section 138 of the plurality of grooves 134 is an inverted arch cross section. In general, the inverted arch cross section refers to that area section enclosed by two convex surfaces. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second groove area section 138 is of any other suitable shape. The first groove area section 136 of the plurality of grooves 134 is relatively larger than the second groove area section 138 of the plurality of grooves 134. The first groove area section 136 of the plurality of grooves 134 and the second groove area section 138 of the plurality of grooves 134 are in continuous contact with each other.

[0049] The telecommunications cable 100 is characterized by a diameter in a range of about 7.6 ± 0.4 millimeter. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diameter of the telecommunications cable 100 lies in any other suitable range. The telecommunications cable 100 is associated with one or more flame properties required for the telecommunications cable. The one or more flame properties include flammability test, pH and Toxicity Index and the smoke density. In addition, the telecommunications cable 100 meets the flammability test according to standard of (International Electrotechnical Commission) IEC 60332-1. The flammability test is required to determine the resistance of the telecommunications cable to a 1kW flame application.
[0050] Further, the telecommunications cable 100 has pH and Toxicity index according to standard of IEC 60754 P1 and P2. The IEC 60754 P1 and P2 test is performed to determine the degree of acidity of gases evolved during the combustion of materials taken from electric cables by measuring the pH & conductivity. Furthermore, the telecommunications cable 100 has a smoke density according to standard of IEC 61034 test. The IEC 61034 test is performed for measuring smoke emission when electric cables are burned under defined conditions. Also, the telecommunications cable 100 is compatible in connection with all common system according to standard ANSI/TIA -568 –C.2 & ISO/IEC 11801 Ed. 2.2.

[0051] The above combination of structural elements enables an improvement in a plurality of characteristics of the telecommunications cable 100. The plurality of characteristics includes electrical properties and transmission characteristics. The electrical properties include input impedance, conductor resistance, mutual capacitance, resistance unbalance, capacitance unbalance, propagation delay and delay skew. The transmission characteristics include attenuation, return loss, near end crosstalk, attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end, alien cross talk, power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio at far end.

[0052] In general, the input impedance is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current of a wave travelling in one direction in the absence of reflections in the other direction. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the input impedance of the telecommunications cable 100 is 100 ohm ± 15 ohm. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 has any other suitable value of input impedance. In general, the conductor resistance is an electrical quantity that measures how the device or material reduces the electric current flow through it. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the conductor resistance of the telecommunications cable 100 is less than or equal to 9.38 ohm per 100 meters at 20 ºC. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 has any other suitable value of the conductor resistance.

[0053] In general, the mutual capacitance is intentional or unintentional capacitance taking place between two charge-holding objects or conductors in which the current passing through one passes over into the other conductor. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the mutual capacitance of the telecommunications cable 100 is less than 5.6 nanofarad per 100 meters at 1000 Hz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 has any other suitable value of the mutual capacitance. In general, the resistance unbalance is a measure of the difference in resistance between two conductors in a cabling system. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 has the resistance unbalance of maximum 5 percent. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 has any other suitable value of the resistance unbalance.

[0054] In general, the capacitance unbalance is a measure of difference in capacitance between two conductors in a cabling system. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the capacitance unbalance of the telecommunications cable 100 is 330 picofarad per 100 meter at 1000 Hz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure the telecommunications cable 100 has any other suitable value of capacitance unbalance. In general, the delay skew is a difference in propagation delay between any two conductor pairs within the same cable. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the delay skew of the telecommunications cable 100 is less than 45 nanoseconds per 100 meters at 1 MHz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 has any other suitable value of the delay skew.
[0055] In general, the attenuation refers to reduction in the strength of a signal travelling through the telecommunications cable 100. In general, the return loss is the measurement of the amount of signal that is reflected back toward the transmitter. In general, the near end crosstalk is an error condition describing the occurrence of a signal from one wire pair radiating to and interfering with the signal of another wire pair. In general, the attenuation to cross talk ratio far end is a measure of signal received at the far end of the telecommunications cable 100. The ratio provides an indication of the interfering signal induced by adjacent conductor pairs in the same telecommunications cable 100. The alien crosstalk is electromagnetic noise occurring in a telecommunications cable 100 running alongside one or more other signal-carrying cables. The term “alien" is used as alien crosstalk occurs between different cables in a group or bundle and not between individual wires or circuits within a single cable. The power sum alien near end crosstalk (PSANEXT) is a measurement of interference generated in a test cable by a number of surrounding cables.
[0056] The power sum near end crosstalk (PSNEXT) is the algebraic sum of near end crosstalk. The power sum near end crosstalk is measured at the same end of the cable as the interfering transmitter.
[0057] The telecommunications cable 100 transmits data at a plurality of operational frequencies. The plurality of operational frequencies includes 1MegaHertz (hereinafter MHz), 4 MHz, 10 MHz, 16 MHz, 20 MHz, 31.25 MHz, 62.5 MHz, 100 MHz, 200 MHz, 250 MHz, 300 MHz and 500 MHz.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 1.9 decibels (hereinafter dB) per 100 meters at 1 MHz. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 19.1 dB at 1 MHz. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 65.0 dB at 1 MHz. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 62.0 dB at 1 MHz. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 67.8 dB at 1 MHz. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 64.8 dB at 1 MHz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value of the transmission characteristics at 1 MHz.

[0059] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 3.5 dB per 100 meters at 4 MHz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 21 dB at 4 MHz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 64.1 dB at 4 MHz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 61.8 dB at 4 MHz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 55.8 dB at 1 MHz. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 52.8 dB at 1 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 4 MHz.

[0060] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 5.5 dB per 100 meters at 10 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 21 dB at 10 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 57.8 dB at 10 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 55.5 dB at 10 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 47.8 dB at 10 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 44.8 dB at 10 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmissions cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 10 MHz.

[0061] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 7.0 dB per 100 meters at 16 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 20 dB at 16 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 54.6 dB at 16 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 52.2 dB at 16 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 43.7 dB at 16 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 40.7 dB at 16 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 16 MHz.

[0062] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 7.8 dB per 100 meters at 20 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 19.5 dB at 20 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 53.1 dB at 20 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 50.7 dB at 20 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 41.8 dB at 20 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 38.8 dB at 20 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 20 MHz.

[0063] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 9.8 dB per 100 meters at 31.25 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 18.5 dB at 31.25 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 50.0 dB at 31.25 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 47.5 dB at 31.25 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 37.9 dB at 31.25 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 34.9 dB at 31.25 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 31.25 MHz.

[0064] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 14 dB per 100 meters at 62.5 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 16.0 dB at 62.5 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 45.1 dB at 62.5 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 42.7 dB at 62.5 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 31.9 dB at 62.5 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 28.9 dB at 62.5 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 62.5 MHz.

[0065] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 18.0 dB per 100 meters at 100 MHz. The return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 14.0 dB at 100MHz. The near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 41.8 dB at 100MHz. The power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 39.3dB at 100MHz. The attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 27.8 dB at 100MHz. The power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 24.8 dB at 100MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 100MHz.

[0066] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 26.1dB per 100 meters at 200 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 11.0 dB at 200 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 36.9 dB at 200 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 34.3 dB at 200 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 21.8 dB at 200 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 18.8 dB at 200 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 200 MHz.

[0067] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 29.5 dB per 100 meters at 250 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 10.0 dB at 250 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 35.3 dB at 250 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 32.7 dB at 250 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 19.8 dB at 250 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 16.8 dB at 250 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 250 MHz.

[0068] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 32.7 dB per 100 meters at 300 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 9.2 dB at 300 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 34.0 dB at 300 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 31.4 dB at 300 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 18.3dB at 300 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 15.3 dB at 300 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 300 MHz.

[0069] In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the maximum attenuation of the telecommunications cable 100 is 43.8 dB per 100 meters at 500 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the return loss of the telecommunications cable 100 is 8.0dB at 500 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 26.7 dB at 500 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum near end crosstalk of the telecommunications cable 100 is 23.8 dB at 500 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 13.8 dB at 500 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the power sum attenuation to crosstalk ratio far end of the telecommunications cable 100 is 10.8 dB at 500 MHz. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the telecommunications cable 100 may have any other suitable value transmission characteristics at 500 MHz.
[0070] The present disclosure, provides numerous advantages over the prior art. The telecommunications cable provides protection against alien cross talk from surrounding cables at all frequency ranges. In addition, the telecommunications cable provides improvement in alien cross talk and also facilitates in meeting international standard limits. The telecommunications cable consumes less material as compared to cables with round shape similar thickness jacket. The telecommunications cable with increased air gap enables an improvement in electrical properties. The telecommunications cable has structural elements that enable improvement in overall installation efficiency. The telecommunications cable increases the data transmissions speed. The shape of the jacket enables reduction in material consumption and additionally provides more air gap for better transmission performance. In addition, the transmission cable facilitates in determining the exact gap in between the inside pair and the pair from the alien cable due to which interference occur. Further, the transmission cable with dumbbell shaped filler and the double P shaped jacket facilitates in reducing diameter of the transmission cable. Moreover, the telecommunications cable provides protection to the plurality of twisted pair of insulated conductors against any external impact. Also, the telecommunications cable is used for transmission of high speed data, used to provide digital and analogue voice and video (RGB) signals on LANs, Supports Gigabit Ethernet (10GbaseT) standard and operates at bandwidth of 500MHz.
[0071] The foregoing descriptions of pre-defined embodiments of the present technology have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present technology to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the present technology and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the present technology and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is understood that various omissions and substitutions of equivalents are contemplated as circumstance may suggest or render expedient, but such are intended to cover the application or implementation without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims of the present technology.

CLAIMS

1. A telecommunications cable (100) comprising:
a plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors extending substantially along a longitudinal axis (104) of the telecommunications cable (100), wherein each of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors is helically twisted along length of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors, wherein each insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors comprises:

an electrical conductor, wherein the electrical conductor is made of copper; and

an insulation layer surrounding the electrical conductor;

a filler (106) for separating each twisted pair of insulated conductor of the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors, wherein the filler (106) is a cross sectional dumbbell shaped filler, wherein the filler (106) is made up of two dumbbell shaped structure kept perpendicular to each other, wherein the filler (106) is made of low smoke zero halogen material, wherein the filler (106) comprising a first filler section (108) and a second filler section (110), wherein the first filler section (108) and the second filler section (110) are positioned perpendicular to each other, wherein the first filler section (108) comprises a cylindrical section (C1) and two triangular sections (T1) and (T2), wherein the second filler section (110) comprises one cylindrical section and two triangular sections, wherein the first filler section (108) has a diameter (T1+C1+T2) of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter, wherein the second filler section (110) has a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter, wherein the first filler section (108) has a width (W1) of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter, wherein the second filler section (110) has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter, wherein the first filler section (108) has a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter, wherein the second filler section (110) has a wing thickness (T3) of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter, wherein the filler (106) divides a core of the telecommunications cable (100) into a plurality of area sections; and

a jacket (128) surrounding the filler (106) and the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors along the length of the telecommunications cable (100), wherein the jacket (128) is made of low smoke zero halogen, wherein the jacket (128) comprises a first surface (130) and a second surface (132), wherein the first surface (130) of the jacket (128) defines a plurality of grooves (134), wherein the first surface (130) has a discontinuous circular cross section along the longitudinal axis (104) of the telecommunications cable (100), wherein the second surface (132) has a continuous circular cross section along the longitudinal axis (104) of the telecommunications cable (100).

2. The telecommunications cable (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the plurality of twisted pairs of insulated conductors comprising a first twisted pair of insulated conductors (120), a second twisted pair of insulated conductors (122), a third twisted pair of insulated conductors (124) and a fourth twisted pair of insulated conductors (126).

3. The telecommunications cable (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the plurality of grooves (134) arranged around the first surface (130) lies in a range of 3 grooves to 12 grooves.

4. The telecommunications cable (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the plurality of area sections comprising a first area section (112), a second area section (114), a third area section (116) and a fourth area section (118), wherein each area section of the plurality of area sections corresponds to an area separated by the filler (106).

5. The telecommunications cable (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of grooves (134) comprising a first groove area section (136) and a second groove area section (138), wherein the first groove area section (136) of the plurality of grooves (134) is a radially inwardly curved cross section, wherein the second groove area section (138) of the plurality of grooves (134) is an inverted arch cross section.

6. The telecommunications cable (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the plurality of grooves (134) has a cross-sectional shape selected from a group, wherein the group comprising T shape, double P shape, sinusoidal, semicircular, arched, triangular, square, rectangular and trapezoidal.

7. The telecommunications cable (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the telecommunications cable (100) has mutual capacitance less than 5.6 nanofarad per 100 meters at 1000 Hz, wherein the telecommunications cable (100) has delay skew less than 45 nanoseconds per 100 meters at 1 MHz.

8. The telecommunications cable (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the telecommunications cable (100) has an input impedance of 100 ohm ± 15 ohm, wherein the telecommunications cable (100) has conductor resistance less than or equal to 9.38 ohm per 100 meters at 20 ºC.

9. The telecommunications cable (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein the telecommunications cable (100) has a diameter in a range of about 7.6 ± 0.4 millimeter.

10. A filler (106) for use in a telecommunications cable (100), the filler (106) comprising:

a first filler section (108); and

a second filler section (110),

wherein the first filler section (108) and the second filler section (110) are positioned perpendicular to each other, wherein the first filler section (108) comprises one cylindrical section (C1) and two triangular sections (T1) and (T2), wherein the second filler section (110) comprises one cylindrical sections and two triangular sections, wherein the first filler section (108) has a diameter (T1+C1+T2) of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter, wherein the second filler section (110) has a diameter of about 5.5 ± 0.4 millimeter, wherein the first filler section (108) has a width of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter, wherein the second filler section (110) has a width (W1) of about 1.4 ± 0.3 millimeter, wherein the first filler section (108) has a wing thickness of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter, wherein the second filler section (110) has a wing thickness (T3) of about 0.4 ± 0.1 millimeter, wherein the filler (106) is a cross sectional dumbbell shaped filler, wherein the filler (106) is made up of two dumbbell shaped structure kept perpendicular to each other, wherein the filler (106) is made of low smoke zero halogen material.