DESC:4. DESCRIPTION
Technical field of invention

The present invention relates to the construction of hydrothermal vapor generator for heating of the liquid and producing superheated steam using a device. More specifically, it relates to construction and working of portable instantaneous hydro thermal vapor generator where no external fuel, heating source or heat transfer surface is available.

Background of the invention

Various steam generator methods and designs exist for steam production, including steam boilers for solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels, as well as electric steam generators utilizing electrode and heating elements. Despite their differences, all these devices share common drawbacks, such as heat losses during heating and transfer, resulting in low efficiency. Additionally, they require water treatment to purify it from contained salts. The initial water hardness significantly impacts the steam generator's lifespan and the steam production cost.

Cavitation can be created in many different ways such as, for example, hydrodynamic, acoustic, laser-induced or generated by direct injection of steam into a sub-cooled fluid, which produces collapse conditions similar to those of hydrodynamic and acoustic cavitations. The direct steam injection cavitation coupled with the acoustic cavitation exhibits up to 16 times greater efficiency as compared to acoustic cavitation alone.

Cavitation is more dramatic in viscous fluids. If, for example, oil moves at a high-speed causing its pressure to drop below the vapor pressure of some hydrocarbon constituents, cavitation will occur. The cavitation separates the liquid-phase, high-boiling-point compounds and their particles suspended in liquid compounds from the entrapped gases, water vapor and vapors of the affected compounds. Small particulates and impurities serve as nuclei for the cavitation bubbles that may reach a few millimeters in diameter, depending on conditions.

WO2013006080 discloses a process for generating steam and thermal energy. This method involves initially heating water to a minimum temperature of >62°C at the entrance of a rotary vortex heat generator, which is powered by an electric motor within a preheating chamber. Subsequently, the heated water is introduced into the operational chamber of the heat generator, creating a cavitation vortex flow, and heat is extracted to the body of the rotary vortex heat generator. This process involves the clustering of water molecules and friction between water and the rotor and stator surfaces.

The drawbacks of the aforementioned approach include:
• The necessity of preheating water to a minimum temperature of +62°C upon entry into the rotary vortex heat generator, which requires additional energy.
• The existence of a distinct water circuit (water jacket) for preheating water to +62°C, resulting in cooling of the operational cavity of the heat generator and causing an unpredictable vaporization process.
• Absence of a mechanism for regulating water supply, productivity, and steam characteristics.
• Operation of the heat generator within a "dense" liquid environment, inevitably leading to wear of rotor and stator components due to cavitation.

EP 2233408 A1 20100929 discloses A device renowned for its vortex cavitation heat generation comprises a detachable body housing an inlet pipe for cold water intake, an annular pipe for water and steam collection, a passive disk situated in the upper section of the casing and propelled into high-speed rotation, and an active disk affixed to the shaft. Water is fed into the core of the apparatus through the inlet of the rotating disk, expelled radially to the disk's periphery, and subsequently discharged through the outlet in the annular pipe. As water traverses an unclosed cavity, exiting through a circular orifice into the annular pipe at velocities ranging from up to 95 meters per second, to over 110 meters per second, it yields hot water at temperatures reaching up to 100°C, along with steam and superheated steam.

The drawback of this device lies in the steam production process demanding speeds of 8000-13000 rpm, which pose technical challenges and safety risks in the event of device failure.

CN111894823A discloses the hydrothermal power generation equipment comprises a power generator. The upper side of the interior of the power generator is provided with a lifting cavity with an upward and leftward opening. The hydrothermal power generation equipment heats tap water in a water cavity through sunlight, drives a rotor to rotate through heated water vapor to cut a magnetic induction line to generate electricity, unfolds a folded photovoltaic panel through a transmission device to form an angle to conduct photovoltaic power generation through sunlight, and conducts power generation in different hydrothermal and photo-thermal modes.

US20100103768A1 A method and device are provided for mixing and manipulating fluids that comprises feeding fluid in a multi-stage flow-through hydrodynamic cavitation system, subjecting said fluid to a controlled multi-stage cavitation and continuing the treatment for a period of time sufficient for obtaining desirable changes in physical and/or chemical properties and generating upgraded products. the cavitation bubbles are subjected to the increased pressure caused by flow dynamics, i.e., apparent centrifugal and Coriolis forces. Consequently, the bubbles implode at a higher flow velocity than normal.

Therefore, the inventors felt that there is a need for construction of a device which works on hydro dynamic cavitation and occupies less space compared to the prior arts stated above. It should be operated in continuous mode and generate uninterrupted steam.

Rotating hydrodynamic cavitation steam generators represent a promising avenue in the development of new power equipment, offering distinct advantages over existing technologies. The fundamental principle behind cavitation heat generators involves the conversion of mechanical or electrical energy into heat. This operates on the basis that when the rotor, situated within the stator, rotates at high speeds, due to a very small gap between the rotor and the stator, the liquid within experiences significant heating due to viscous friction and other physical processes, raising its temperature close to boiling point.

During cavitation, the liquid generates vacuum "bubbles" which swiftly compress, forming micro-zones characterized by immense pressure differentials. The liquid undergoes repeated evaporation and condensation cycles. Consequently, the internal multidirectional movement and oscillation of the fluid, along with the rupture and reformation of intermolecular bonds, lead to substantial heat release.

In essence, the heating mechanism in cavitation steam generators operates on an entirely distinct principle. There is no reliance on external heat sources or heat transfer surfaces. Instead, heat is directly generated within the liquid and retained there. This heating process occurs "within the water" with minimal heat dissipation.
Water, driven by a pump, traverses the hydrothermal vapor generator, promptly reaching temperatures between 100 to 145 degrees Celsius. There's no prerequisite for pre-heating the incoming water. Subsequently, the steam is expelled through the outlet for utilization.

This process facilitates the rapid activation of the steam generator within a minute, obviating the need to heat the entire water volume to steam generation temperatures as is common in boilers. Moreover, the rotational heating of water at critical speeds helps prevent the formation of salt deposits (scaling) on heat exchange surfaces, thereby enabling the utilization of untreated water for steam generation. Additionally, it allows for the introduction of various chemical additives and reagents into the steam or steam mixture without the need for water chemical treatment.

Brief Summary of the Invention

The following presents a simplified summary of the disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding to the reader. This summary is not an extensive overview of the disclosure, and it does not identify key/critical elements of the invention or delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts disclosed herein in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

It is the primary object of the invention to construct a portable instantaneous hydrothermal vapour generator by using hydro dynamic cavitation process.

It is yet another objective of the invention is to devise a rapid and efficient process for generating steam and thermal energy from water at any starting temperature, without requiring water treatment, in a single operation, while accommodating broad ranges of steam performance and parameters at the outlet of the steam generator, and allowing for prolonged operational periods.

The technical achievement lies in establishing a dependable method for producing steam with customizable parameters, ensuring stability. This method enables the generation of steam from water at any initial temperature, eliminating the need for water treatment, and making it suitable for industrial purposes.

It is yet another object of the present invention to construct a rotor arranged with a multiple-cylindrical gears in a pre-determined way to maximize the cavity formation.

It is yet another object of the present invention to operate reactor in continuous mode and generating uninterrupted and superheated steam.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the construction and method of operation of portable instantaneous hydrothermal vapor generator is disclosed. It comprises of a stator, a rotor, a cylindrical gear, a water inlet, a specially configured steam outlet, a belt driven shaft, a motor.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the outer cylindrical chamber of the reactor is called as stator arranged in a typical manner.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, wherein the rotor composed of multiple cylindrical gears stacked together in a specific predetermined pattern as the gears have teeth that are arranged in an alternating position creating a zigzag pattern of grooves.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, wherein the front face is composed of the water inlet and steam outlet.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, wherein the steam outlet is purposedly given a tapered shape for steam accumulation.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the said rotor is mounted on the belt driven shaft connected to the motor as it rotates at high-speed (2500-3000 rpm) creating a pressure drop.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the cavitation bubbles are formed at the grooves of the rotor due to sudden drop in the pressure.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, water at ambient temperature and pressure is injected into the reactor at a fixed flow rate. This water is carried in a tangential movement through the intermediate space between the stator and rotor. As the water moves through this space, it experiences a cavitation force.

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, due to the collapse of cavitation bubbles, a significant amount of energy is released and concentrated in the surrounding water. This energy elevates the temperature of the water to the point where instantaneous steam generation occurs. This process, known as cavitation-induced steam generation, is a result of the high pressure created by the collapse of the bubbles, which causes the water to rapidly heat up and turn into steam.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention will be further understood from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with an appended drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 illustrates the diagrams of elements of cylindrical gears, according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 illustrates the elements, gasket, inner pipe, outer shaft, outer bleak, according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 illustrates the detailed dimensions of the gear plates according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 illustrates the image depicting the arrangement of cylindrical gears in a rotor, according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description of the Invention

It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. In addition, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

The use of “including”, “comprising” or “having” and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. The terms “a” and “an” herein do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the referenced items. Further, the use of terms “first”, “second”, and “third”, and the like, herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the construction and method of operation of portable instantaneous hydrothermal vapor generator is disclosed. It comprises of a stator, a rotor, a cylindrical gear, a water inlet, a steam outlet, a belt driven shaft, a motor.

In accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the outer cylindrical chamber of the reactor is called as stator arranged in a typical manner.

In accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the rotor composed of multiple cylindrical gears stacked together in a specific predetermined pattern as the gears have teeth that are arranged in an alternating position creating a zigzag pattern of grooves.

In accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the front face is composed of the water inlet and steam outlet.

In accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the said rotor is mounted on the belt driven shaft connected to the motor as it rotates at high speed creating a pressure drop.

In accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation bubbles are formed at the grooves of the rotor due to sudden drop in the pressure.

In accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, water at ambient temperature and pressure is injected into the reactor at a fixed flow rate. This water is carried in a tangential movement through the intermediate space between the stator and rotor. As the water moves through this space, it experiences a cavitation force.

In accordance to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, due to the collapse of cavitation bubbles, a significant amount of energy is released and concentrated in the surrounding water. This energy elevates the temperature of the water to the point where instantaneous steam generation occurs. This process, known as cavitation-induced steam generation, is a result of the high pressure created by the collapse of the bubbles, which causes the water to rapidly heat up and turn into steam.

Referring to figs, Fig.1 illustrates the image depicting face of the rotor connection to drive shaft. The gears have teeth that are arranged in an alternating position creating a zigzag pattern of grooves. The front face is composed of the water inlet and steam outlet. Fig.2 illustrates the image depicting rotor showing zigzag pattern arrangement of grooves. The Fig.3 illustrates the image depicting the arrangement of stack of gears in a rotor.

ADVANTAGES:
Portable and Instantaneous:
The invention provides a portable solution for generating steam rapidly and efficiently. It eliminates the need for bulky, stationary steam generators, making it suitable for various applications where portability is essential.
Hydrothermal Vapour Generation:
By utilizing the hydrodynamic cavitation process, the invention offers a novel approach to generating steam from water at any initial temperature. This method does not require water treatment, simplifying the process and reducing operational costs.
Customizable Parameters:
The method allows for the generation of steam with customizable parameters, ensuring stability and accommodating broad ranges of steam performance and parameters at the outlet of the steam generator. This flexibility makes it suitable for diverse industrial applications.
Continuous Operation:
The invention is designed to operate in continuous mode, providing uninterrupted and superheated steam as needed. This continuous operation enhances efficiency and productivity in various industrial processes.
Efficient Energy Conversion:
The cavitation-induced steam generation process employed by the invention maximizes energy conversion efficiency. By harnessing the energy released during the collapse of cavitation bubbles, the invention efficiently elevates the temperature of water to produce steam rapidly.

,CLAIMS:
5. CLAIMS
I/We Claim:
1. A portable smart hydrothermal steam generator using hydrodynamic cavitation comprises of:
a stator, a rotor, a stack of gear plates, a water inlet, a steam outlet, a belt driven shaft, a motor.
the stator is used as an outer chamber to locate the components of the reactor;
the rotor is placed inside the stator including the stack of multiple cylindrical gears arranged in such a pre-determined way;
the teeth of gear plates are arranged in alternative position making zigzag arrangement of grooves;
the said water inlet is used to inject the water into the reactor and the steam outlet is used to collect the generated steam from the reactor;
the said rotor is mounted on a belt driven shaft connected to the motor;
wherein the rotation of the rotor at higher speeds (creates the formation of cavitation bubbles on the grooves of rotor due to sudden pressure drop;
the cavitation bubbles experiences subsequent collapse occurs due to external pressure involved in creating cavitation energy elevating temperature of water;
the instantaneous superheated steam is generated with the continuous mode of uninterrupted process.

2. The generator as claimed in claim 1, the water is injected is of ambient temperature and pressure with a fixed flow rate upon its tangential movement through space between stator and rotor experiences cavitation forces.

3. The generator as claimed in claim 1, the working temperature of steam is about 140-150 degrees.

4. The generator as claimed in claim 1, under the optimal operating conditions, fluid injection is metered: for every revolution of the rotor, only 1 gram of water, regardless of its initial temperature, is injected with a drive power. Boiling of the liquid commences approximately 90-120 seconds thereafter, ensuring consistent steam generation at specified parameters, yielding a productivity of 195 kg of steam per hour.

5. The generator as claimed in claim 1, employing a pulse-mode feeding regimen for the steam generator, which employs finely adjustable injection doses and utilizes a superheated water accumulator, ensures that the equilibrium temperature within the active zone of the steam generator's working cavity exceeds 100 degrees Celsius significantly. This approach ensures a consistent vaporization process with adaptable parameters, regardless of the initial temperature of the liquid supplied to the generator, while preventing steam condensation and the formation of a vacuum within the generator's working cavity.

6. The generator as claimed in claim 1 bears the technical characteristics of the steam:
– Electric power consumption: 35-40 kW
– The amount of steam produced: 85 kg / hour or 195 kg/ hour of water-steam mixture
– Working outlet steam temperature: 140-150°?
– Working pressure of team at the outlet: 4.8 atm

6. DATE AND SIGNATURE

Dated this on 16th February, 2024
Signature

Mr. Srinivas Maddipati
(IN/PA 3124)
Agent for applicant