FIELD OF INVENTION:
The present invention relates to a Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) based energy harvesting system to power the telemetry system to monitor the healthiness, condition assessment and fault diagnosis of the rotating components.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
All thermal power plants or industries have rotating components like motor, pump, generator, turbine etc., and these rotating components are vulnerable for catastrophic failures due to abnormal vibrations, temperatures, pressures, voltages, strains and accelerations etc. In view of this, condition assessment, health monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotating equipments become more important and can be performed by using appropriate sensors and telemetry system. All sensors which measure various parameters of the rotating equipment and telemetry system require 2 to 5V DC power supply. In conventional methods, power supply to the sensors are taken from the telemetry system, and the telemetry system is powered either from 1) battery which is located on the rotating equipment or 2) by transmitting the power through inductive method. The transmitter circuit in telemetry system will be powered by the battery which will be integrated with the rotating part. Over a period of time, the battery starts discharging and telemetry transmitter circuit will not get the sufficient power supply. This insufficient power supply to the sensors causes to provide abnormal or random data. To avoid this, batteries to be recharged or replaced frequently which is difficult on the rotating components that are running for a longer period. In case of inductive based power transmission, Power

is transmitted inductively through a stationary loop antenna to a rotating antenna. The rotating loop antenna and induction power converter are embedded into the collar assembly on the rotor.The inductive power transmission from a stator loop to rotating componentis efficient only if both are properly aligned, otherwise transmitted power will not be sufficient to power the sensors which leads to errors. Further, fixing the stator loops near rotating shafts or rotating components is very difficult. To overcome the above limitations in battery and inductively powered telemetry system, it is proposed a telemetry system powered with TEG in this invention. TEG powered telemetry system generates the required power from the heat generated from the rotating equipment to power the telemetry system and sensors from thereof.
PRIOR ART:
In abstract innovation discussed in US20130005372A1, on a method of generating electrical power for use in a wireless field device network using Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs). Electrical power is generated by placing the Thermoelectric Generators on a process component which carries the hot fluid. The Heat transfers between the surface of a process component and a thermoelectric generator assembly by the vaporizing and condensing of a working fluid. In the same way, Heat transfers between the thermoelectric generator assembly and a heat sink by at least one of convection and conduction. Electrical power is generated from the conduction of heat through the thermoelectric generator assembly.
In abstract innovation discussed in US4940976A, on an automated multi-purpose utility water meter readout system which measures the

water usage information. In this innovation, the device is located near to the water meter and obtains water flow information by sensing the magnetic flux lines generated by the internal rotating coupling magnets of the water meter. The varying magnetic flux is converted to a periodic electrical signal whose frequency is proportional to the flow rate. The instantaneous flow is continually totalized and stored in a solid-state counter, from which the totalized flow information is periodically transmitted to a remote receiver by a standard, well-proven radio frequency telemetry link. The disclosed system is optionally powered by a novel solid-state thermoelectric generator which converts ambient thermal energy to electrical energy and provides an operational life that far exceeds the economic life of the device.
In abstract innovation discussed in US20060006656A1 it is providing power to facilitate Subsea well operations subterranean well typically includes various pieces of electrical equipment (e.g., an electrical Submersible pump, well telemetry tool, and other electrical powered devices) that are located down hole within the well or beneath the surface of the sea adjacent to the well. For purposes of providing power to operate such electrical equipment, this innovation is on a subsea power system for use in capturing “free” or “waste” energy (e.g., thermal, geothermal, pressurized subsurface gases or liquids, wind, wave, solar, or other free, waste, or low cost energy sources) to convert and/or store to power a subsea service or device during times when the free or waste energy supply is not as abundant, is not available, or demands require greater output than is provided at steady state. The subsea power system may include: (1) one or more energy-capturing devices—such as a turbine and/or thermoelectric generator—for harvesting free or waste energy, (2) a fuel cell, electrolyzer, and oxygen and hydrogen storage vessels for harvesting energy from the surrounding seawater, and (3) a

power converter for receiving energy from the various sources and converting the energy into a useful form consumable by subsea devices. In abstract innovation discussed in US20150012068A1 is on a method of establishing a stimulation treatment protocol includes delivering electrical stimulation to a nerve site of the patient with battery based power supply. The electrical stimulation is delivered using a stimulation configuration with respect to one or more of the following: activation of a subset of a plurality of electrodes on a lead, electrode polarity for the activated electrodes, stimulation pulse width, and stimulation pulse amplitude. An action potential evoked from the nerve site in response to the electrical stimulation is measured. The action potential includes a sensory fiber contribution and a motor fiber contribution. Both the sensory fiber contribution and the motor fiber contribution are measured. The delivering and the measuring are repeated for a plurality of cycles. Each cycle is performed using a different stimulation configuration. The stimulation configuration that offers a greatest sensory fiber contribution relative to the motor fiber contribution is recommended as a candidate for optimized stimulation configuration. The power supply circuitry section for this method includes an energy harvesting component that is configured to supply power to the battery. The output of the energy harvesting component is electrically coupled to the charging circuit, which boosts the energy harvested by the energy harvesting component to a level that can be used to charge the battery. The energy harvesting component includes a thermoelectric generator (TEG) that converts the body heat of the patient (inside whom the PNS device is implanted) to electrical energy. The converted electrical energy may then be used to charge the battery (after being boosted up by the charging circuit).
The proposed invention is for TEG based energy harvesting system (from the heat generated on the rotating components) to power the sensors and

telemetry system that are used to monitor the healthiness and fault diagnosis of the rotating components unlike as compared to the innovation discussed in US20130005372A1 is about a method of generating electrical power for use in a wireless field device network using Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs); or the innovation discussed in US4940976Ais about an automated multi-purpose utility water meter readout system which measures the water usage information, which is optionally powered by a novel solid-state thermoelectric generator; or the innovation discussed in US20060006656A1 is about providing power to facilitate Subsea well operations. This innovation is on a subsea power system for use in capturing “free” or “waste” energy (e.g., thermal, geothermal, pressurized subsurface gases or liquids, wind, wave, solar, or other free, waste, or low cost energy sources) to convert and/or store to power a subsea service or device during times when the free or waste energy supply is not as abundant, is not available, or demands require greater output than is provided at steady state; or the innovation discussed in US20150012068A1 is about a method of establishing a stimulation treatment protocol includes delivering electrical stimulation to a nerve site of the patient with battery based power supply from thermoelectric generator energy harvesting system.
OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION:
The objective of the present invention is to generate power from the waste heat that is generated in rotating components by using TEG to power the telemetry system and sensors from thereof to monitor the healthiness of the rotating components.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
The invention proposed here uses Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs) (9) based energy harvesting system to power the telemetry system (5) and sensors (3) that are used for monitoring the condition, healthiness and fault diagnosis of the rotating components (1). The TEG (9) based energy harvesting system works on a phenomenon called the Seebeck effect (a form of thermoelectric effect) i.e., converting heat flux (temperature differences) directly into electrical energy. Thermoelectrics generate power by maintaining a differential temperature across the thermoelectric modules. Under many operating conditions, thermoelectric generators are exposed to a combination of changing heat fluxes by having hot side and cold side temperatures to maintain higher temperature difference.
In the current invention, the waste heat that is generated in rotating components (1) (while rotating) will be used to convert into a useful form of electric energy by using thermoelectric generators (9). The converted electrical energy will then be given to rechargeable battery to store the energy, which provides continuous power to the telemetry system (5) and the sensors (3) from thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:
Figure 1 illustrates the conventional method of providing power to the
telemetry system (5) through battery (4).
Figure 2 illustrates the conventional method of providing power to the
telemetry system (5) through inductive transmission of power supply (7
and 8).
Figure 3 illustrates a TEG (9) powered telemetry system (5).

Figure 4 describes the working principle of TEG (9) on thermoelectric
effect.
Figure 5 describes the working principle of telemetry system (5) to
transfer the sensor (3) signals from rotating system (1) to stationary
system through RF transmission (13).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION:
The rotating components (1) like motor, generator and turbine etc., play crucial role in all thermal power plants and industries. These rotating components face catastrophic failures due to abnormal vibrations, temperatures, pressures, voltages, strains and accelerations etc. In view of these failures, condition assessment, health monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotating equipment become more important and can be performed by using appropriate sensors and telemetry system. All sensors (3) which measure the various parameters of rotating equipment and shafts (2); and telemetry system (5) require 2 to 5V DC power supply. In conventional methods, power supply to the sensors will be given by the telemetry system, and the telemetry system is powered by the following two ways:
1. Battery powered telemetry system as shown in the Figure 1.
2. Inductively powered telemetry system as shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 shows a preferred embodiment of Battery powered telemetry system. The transmitter circuit in telemetry system (5) will be powered by the battery (4) which will be integrated with the rotating part. Over a period of time, the battery starts discharging and telemetry transmitter circuit (5) will not get the sufficient power supply. This insufficient power supply to the sensors (3) causes to provide abnormal or random data. To avoid this, batteries (4) to be recharged or replaced frequently which is difficult on the rotating components that are running for a longer period.

Figure 2 shows a preferred embodiment of inductively powered telemetry transmitter circuit, in which Power (6) is supplied to the transmitter inductively for continuous, non-interrupted measurements through inductive power transmission. No batteries are required in inductive power supply system as it delivers power through a stationary loop antenna (7) to a rotating loop antenna (8). The rotating loop antenna and induction power converter are embedded into the collar assembly on the rotating part. The inductive power transmission from a stator loop (7) to rotating loop will be efficient only if both are properly aligned, otherwise transmitted power will not be sufficient to power the sensors (3) which leads to provide wrong results. Further, fixing the stator loops near rotating shafts (2) or rotating components is very difficult. Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the TEG (9) powered telemetry transmitter circuit. According to the present invention, the telemetry transmitter circuit (5) and sensors (3) placed over the rotating components (1) will be powered from the TEG based energy harvesting system. The TEG based energy harvesting system works on a phenomenon called the Seebeck effect (a form of thermoelectric effect) i.e., converting heat flux (temperature differences) directly into electrical energy. As shown in Figure 4, thermoelectrics generate power by maintaining a temperature difference across the thermoelectric modules. The temperature difference is created by a combination of heat fluxes of hot side and cold side temperatures. With this temperature difference between hot and cold junctions, electrons in n- type semi-conductor starts moving towards cold side and electrons in p-type semi-conductor starts moving towards hot junction, which creates flow of electrons. In this way, voltage will be developed by using thermoelectric generators (9). Any rotating component that consumes energy or generates energy is not 100% efficient, because some of the energy is wasted in the form of heat or various other energy forms. The waste heat that is generated in

rotating components is used to convert into a useful form of electric energy by using TEG based energy harvesting system (9). The hot side junction of TEG is placed over the rotating component, which takes heat as input source and converts into electrical energy by thermoelectric principle. The converted electrical energy is then given to rechargeable battery to store the energy, which provides continuous power to the telemetry and the sensors from thereof. The sensors take the input power supply and retrieved data from the sensors is transmitted by using telemetry system which is explained in the Figure 5.
Figure 5 shows a preferred embodiment of Data transmission from the rotating component to stationary system by means of radio transmission (13) using telemetry system. The data generated by the sensors (3) is in the form the electrical voltage in milli Volts. The output voltage from the sensor is given to the telemetry transmitting section (5), which consists of sensor signal amplifier (10), modulator (11) and RF transmitter (12). The sensor signal amplifier amplifies the output voltage from mV to Volts and gives to the modulator (11), which modulates the amplified voltage to the desired higher frequency signal and transmits through the RF transmitters (12) to the RF receivers (14). The RF receiver (14) receives the transmitted modulated signal and gives to demodulator (15), which demodulates the signal to the original signal by removing the higher frequencies in it. The converted original signal data is transferred to PC or Laptop (17) by using USB cable communication (16). The measured data from the sensors is then be monitored, processed and analyzed for healthiness of the rotating components in PC or Laptop or any Human-Machine Interface (HMI) (17). Operators will be alerted whenever the values of critical parameters are crossed the predefined threshold values. Operators can then take preventive actions to avoid catastrophic failures in rotating components (1).

WE CLAIM:
1) A method of generating electrical power through waste heat of a
rotating machine, for recharging battery (4), used for power supply
to telemetric and sensor devices and a system to monitor
healthiness of the rotating machines and associated components
(1) comprising,
- Thermoelectric generating unit (9);
- Rechargeable battery (4);
- Sensors (3);
- Radio frequency based data transmission system (13); Characterized by uninterrupted power supply to the sensors and telemetric devices.

2) The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, thermoelectric power generating unit (TEG) (9) disposed on the shaft of the motor (1) converts heat flux, generated through waste heat of the motor, directly to electrical energy, by way of maintaining a temperature difference in semiconductor junctions of TEG (9).
3) The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the converted electrical energy is fed into rechargeable battery (4) to store the energy for continuous supply of power to the sensors and telemetric devices.
4) A system of monitoring healthiness of rotating machine (1), wherein the data generated by the sensors (3) fed into sensor signal amplifier (10) for amplification of the generated voltage.
5) The system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the amplified voltage is fed into modulator (11) to modulate the amplified voltage to desired higher frequency signal.
6) The system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the modulated higher frequency signal is transmitted through the RF transmitter (12) to the RF receiver (14).

7) The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the RF receiver transmits the modulated signal to demodulator (15).
8) The system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the demodulator demodulates the signal to original signal data to transmit the same to a human-machine interface (17) for analysis and preventive action for deviation from predefined threshold values of operating parameters.
9) The system as claimed in claim 2, TEG (9) powered telemetry (5) system improves the overall efficiency of the rotating components.