Claims:We claim,
1. A transmission switching mechanism to operate hybrid vehicle comprising of Internal combustion engine and electric motor to propel, the transmission switching system comprising;
a single pole three throw switch (1) the said switch having marking position “I” called the internal combustion engine transmission , “EP” called the electric power transmission ,”AUTO” for automatic switching transmission,

a first actuator (3) , a spark plug (4) , a second actuator (5),
a microcontroller(2) receiving one or more signals from the sensors integrated on the vehicle, wherein the sensors specify the road condition, fuel status and battery status,
the sensors being a battery voltage sensor (6), a battery current sensor (7),a tilt sensor (8), a fuel sensor (9), a load sensor (10)
determining the transmission mechanism for propelling the hybrid vehicle, wherein the transmission mechanism is determined based on the calculated power and torque utilising an algorithm by the microcontroller (2) , and wherein the algorithm calculates the power and torque based on the angle of elevation of the road by the tilt sensor (8), load carried by the hybrid vehicle from the load sensor (10) and on factors including one or more of: battery voltage from the voltage sensor (6), battery current from the current sensor (7), quantity of fuel present from the fuel level sensor(9) of the transmission switching system,
switching the transmission according to the determined transmission mechanism specified by the algorithm, wherein the internal combustion engine is triggered by spark plug (4) through first actuator (3) and electric motor is triggered by second actuator (5), and wherein the transmission mechanism enhances the efficiency thereby reducing the carbon footprint of the hybrid vehicle,
an alarm (11), wherein the alarm is actuated when the fuel is very low alerting the driver to refuel,
an alarm (11), wherein the alarm is actuated when the battery power is very low alerting the driver to recharge the battery.
2. The transmission switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein power and torque calculated by the algorithm is the power and torque required by the hybrid vehicle for propulsion.
3. The transmission switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein the algorithm to determine the transmission mechanism is based on, but not limited to neural network, deep learning, and machine learning.
4. The transmission switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein the hybrid vehicle is a two-wheeler, three-wheeler, four-wheeler and a multiple of 2 or 4 wheels.
5. The transmission switching mechanism of claims 1 and 4, wherein the hybrid vehicle is a passenger vehicle, a cargo vehicle.
6. The transmission switching mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine is petrol driven, diesel driven, a compressed natural gas driven, a liquefied petroleum gas driven.
7. The transmission switching mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric motor is powered by electrical energy stored in the battery, supplied externally, generated within the hybrid vehicle.
8. The transmission switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein the alarm is an audio-visual indicator.

, Description:FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention provides a smart switching mechanism for a hybrid two-wheeler. Particularly the hybrid vehicle consist of an internal combustion engine(ICE) and electric motor for propelling the vehicle. More particularly the invention provides a manual and smart automated switching mechanism between Internal combustion engine and electric motor in hybrid vehicle. Still more particularly there is an alarm to alert the driver regarding the low status of the fuel.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
The invention of internal combustion engine is one of the greatest inventions of mankind. The conventional vehicles with ICE provide a good performance and long operating range. However they have caused and continue to cause serious problems for poor fuel economy, environment pollution and human life. Reducing fuel consumption and emissions is of paramount importance. The hybridization of a convectional combustion engine vehicle with an advanced electric motor drive may greatly enhance the overall efficiency and achieve higher fuel conservation thereby resulting in reduced emissions.
OBJECTIVES
Principal objective of the present invention is to provide a hassle-free journey to the commuters who use hybrid two-wheeler for commuting.
Another objective of the invention is to provide a manual switching between internal combustion engine and electric motor while driving without halting or pausing.
Still another objective of the invention is to provide automated switching between internal combustion engine and electric motor while driving.
Yet another objective of the invention is to adapt the best suitable device to propel the hybrid vehicle by monitoring the road condition in order to increase the efficiency and reduce emissions.
Yet another objective of the invention is to provide alert signals to the driver when the vehicle is running low on fuel and battery.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig 1 shows an embodiment of switching mechanisms for an integrated internal combustion engine and electric motor in a hybrid vehicle wherein (1) is a single pole three throw switch (2), is an on board microcontroller (3),is a first actuator to ignite the internal combustion engine (4), is a spark plug (5), is a second actuator.
Fig 2 shows an embodiment of the invention showing of an automated switching mechanisms for an integrated internal combustion engine and electric motor in a hybrid vehicle wherein (6) is a voltage sensor, (7) is a current sensor, (8) is a tilt sensor, (9) is a Fuel level sensor (10) is a Load or weight sensor and (11) is an alarm.
Fig 3 shows an embodiment of the invention showing analgorithm of switching mechanisms for an integrated internal combustion engine and electric motor in a hybrid vehicle wherein (6) is a voltage sensor input, (7) is a current sensor input, (8) is a tilt sensor input, (9) is a Fuel level sensor input (10) is a Load or weight sensor input and (12) is an computation block.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
According to the main aspect of the invention there isprovided transmission switching mechanism for a hybrid vehicle comprisinga circuit having a microcontroller capable of handling multitasks in a reliable manner for a real time application (2),the said application is characterised in switching of transmission from an internal combustion engine of a hybrid vehicle to transmission by electric motor , switching of transmission from electric motor to transmission by an internal combustion engine of a hybrid vehicle, the said circuit is provided with a tilt sensor(9) connected to microcontroller (2), the said tilt sensor senses the angle of elevation of hybrid vehicle and sends signal to the microcontroller (2), the said microcontroller then actuates thefirst actuator (3) to ignite the spark plug (4) of an internal combustion engine of the hybrid vehicle, if the said hybrid electric vehicle is being propelled by electric motor, the said microcontroller receives signal from a connected singlepolethree throwswitch(1), said switch (1) being connected tomicrocontroller, capable of bypassing fuel ignition and connecting the electric throttle through a microcontroller, the driver’s decision by selecting the position of the switch communicated to said microcontroller activates internal combustion engine or electric motor to propel the vehicle, the signal from the microcontroller (2) actuates the first actuator (3) to ignite the spark plug (4) of an internal combustion engine , on bypassing the internal combustion engine the signal activates battery supply to electric motor in the hybrid vehicle.
According to another aspect of the invention there isprovidedvoltagesensor (6), a current sensor (7) connected to the microcontroller (2), the said voltage sensor and current sensor read thebattery status and send signals to the microcontroller (2), the said microcontroller actuates either the first actuator (3) or actuates the second actuator (5) based on the battery status.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a load sensor (10) connected to microcontroller (2), the said load sensor (10) determines the load carried by vehicle and sends signal to the microcontroller (2), based on the inputs received along with the tilt sensor (8) input, the said microcontroller analyses the amount of torque and power required by the hybrid vehicle for propulsion, the said microcontroller being provided with a neural network algorithm, the said microcontroller using neural network algorithmmakes a decision as per the elevation of the hybrid vehicle to actuate the first actuator (3) thereby igniting the spark plug (4) of an internal combustion engine of the hybrid vehicle when the electric motor of hybrid vehicle is not able to provide the required amount of torque and power.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided fuel level sensor (9) connected to microcontroller (2), the said fuel level sensor (9) senses the quantity of fuel remaining in the storage and sends signal to the microcontroller (2), the said microcontroller then actuates the alarm (11) indicating the low status of the fuel for internal combustion engine.
According to an embodiment of the present invention wherein, the alarm (11) is an audio-visual indicator.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Likewise, the term “embodiments" do not require that all embodiments include the discussed feature, advantage, or mode of operation.
The terminology used herein is provided to describe particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit any embodiments disclosed herein. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises, “comprising," "includes," and/or "including," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, , steps, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment ofswitching mode of the present invention where in the switch (1) placed in the appropriate position on the handle of a hybrid two-wheeler within the reach of the driver convenient to operate. The saidswitch (1) is capable of bypassing from electric throttle to fuel ignition for propulsion of hybrid two-wheeler or vice versa through the onboard microcontroller (2). Based upon the signal received by the switch (1), the onboard microcontroller (2) actuates the first actuator (3) or secondactuator (5). The first actuator (3) ignites the spark plug (4) in order to use internal combustion engine for propulsion and the second actuator (5) switches on the electric power supply to use electric motor propulsion. In the electric propulsion mode the motor controller gets activated thereupon supplying power to the motor by means of the battery system provided in the vehicle.
As an exemplary embodiment, when the vehicle is being propelled by an internal combustion engine of the hybrid two-wheeler the switch (1) is in initial state “I”where “I” denotes internal combustion engine. When the driver changes switch (1) to state “E” called the electric power, the signal from switch (1) picked up by theonboard microcontroller (2) which then switches off the internal combustion engine, simultaneously actuating the second actuator (5) to switch on the power supply to the electric motor present in the hybrid vehicle so that the driver can travel without any pause for switching between the internal combustion engine or electric motor and vice versa to use the internal combustion engine.
Figure 2 shows exemplary embodiment of automated switching mode by selecting position “AUTO” of switch 1. In this preferred exemplary embodimentof the present invention where in there are provided a voltage sensor (6), a current sensor (7), a tilt sensor (8)a load sensor (10) and a fuel level sensor (9) in the fuel tank.The voltage sensor (6), the current sensor (7) ,transmit the battery status to the microcontroller (2) also shown in Fig 1 . The tilt sensor (8) transmits the gradient data of the road, the load sensor (10) transmits the load carried by the hybrid vehicle and the fuel level sensor (9) transmit fuel level data to the onboard microcontroller (2) also shown in Fig 1. Based on the signals received, the onboard microcontroller (2) makes a smart decision by using neural network algorithm shown in Figure 3 to choose between internal combustion engine and electric motor for propulsion.
Referring to Figure 3, aneural network algorithm is provided. However, the decision-making mechanism may also be any of deep learning, and machine learning but not limited too.The neural network algorithm takes the inputs from voltage sensor (6) (also shown in Fig 2), current sensor (7) (also shown in Fig 2), tilt sensor (8)(also shown in Fig 2) , fuel sensor (9)(also shown in Fig 2) and load sensor (10)(also shown in Fig 2). Based on the inputs received, the algorithm precisely analyses the driving condition inside the computational block (12) and decides the best mode of propulsion so that higher efficiency from the hybrid vehicle can be achieved.
For instance, as an exemplary embodiment, if the hybrid vehicle is chosen to be propelled by an electric motor, and the tilt sensor senses positive gradient of the road and transmits the signal to the onboard microcontroller (2), the said, on board microcontroller (2) then calculate the torque and power required to overcome the gradient by the hybrid vehicle based on the data transmitted by the load sensor (10). At the same time fuel level sensor (9), voltage sensor (6) and current sensor (6) transmits the signals to the on-board microcontroller (2). If the electric motor is not capable to handle the amount of torque and power required to overcome the gradient then the on board microcontroller (2) switches on the internal combustion engine through a spark plug (4) by actuating the first actuator (3) and simultaneously switching off the electric motor by turning off the power supply to by actuating thesecond actuator (5). This allows the driver to continue the journey without pausing or stopping provided if there is enough fuel.
According to another embodiment of the present invention the on-board microcontroller (2) senses the amount of fuel present through the fuel level sensor (9) and battery status through the voltage (6) and current sensor(7). Given the condition of low fuel and low battery charge, the on-board microcontroller (2) alerts the driver through an alarm (11) indicating to either to recharge the battery or refuel or both.
In another preferred embodiment the user of the vehicle may select either a manual switch over transmission or auto switchover transmission.
While the invention describes the use of the system in a hybrid vehicle there is no limitation in its use in an internal combustion engine which uses only the load sensor, the tilt sensor and the fuel level sensor.
Further the implementation of the smirching mechanism is adaptable to any of the engine configuration like, petrol, diesel, compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas.
Additionally the use of the switching mechanism is not limited to only the hybrid two wheeler but may be used in any hybrid vehicle of any configuration like three-wheeler, four wheeler and higher configurations.

We claim,
1. A transmission switching mechanism to operate hybrid vehicle comprising of Internal combustion engine and electric motor to propel, the transmission switching system comprising;
a single pole three throw switch (1) the said switch having marking position “I” called the internal combustion engine transmission , “EP” called the electric power transmission ,”AUTO” for automatic switching transmission,

a first actuator (3) , a spark plug (4) , a second actuator (5),
a microcontroller(2) receiving one or more signals from the sensors integrated on the vehicle, wherein the sensors specify the road condition, fuel status and battery status,
the sensors being a battery voltage sensor (6), a battery current sensor (7),a tilt sensor (8), a fuel sensor (9), a load sensor (10)
determining the transmission mechanism for propelling the hybrid vehicle, wherein the transmission mechanism is determined based on the calculated power and torque utilising an algorithm by the microcontroller (2) , and wherein the algorithm calculates the power and torque based on the angle of elevation of the road by the tilt sensor (8), load carried by the hybrid vehicle from the load sensor (10) and on factors including one or more of: battery voltage from the voltage sensor (6), battery current from the current sensor (7), quantity of fuel present from the fuel level sensor(9) of the transmission switching system,
switching the transmission according to the determined transmission mechanism specified by the algorithm, wherein the internal combustion engine is triggered by spark plug (4) through first actuator (3) and electric motor is triggered by second actuator (5), and wherein the transmission mechanism enhances the efficiency thereby reducing the carbon footprint of the hybrid vehicle,
an alarm (11), wherein the alarm is actuated when the fuel is very low alerting the driver to refuel,
an alarm (11), wherein the alarm is actuated when the battery power is very low alerting the driver to recharge the battery.
2. The transmission switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein power and torque calculated by the algorithm is the power and torque required by the hybrid vehicle for propulsion.
3. The transmission switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein the algorithm to determine the transmission mechanism is based on, but not limited to neural network, deep learning, and machine learning.
4. The transmission switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein the hybrid vehicle is a two-wheeler, three-wheeler, four-wheeler and a multiple of 2 or 4 wheels.
5. The transmission switching mechanism of claims 1 and 4, wherein the hybrid vehicle is a passenger vehicle, a cargo vehicle.
6. The transmission switching mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine is petrol driven, diesel driven, a compressed natural gas driven, a liquefied petroleum gas driven.
7. The transmission switching mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric motor is powered by electrical energy stored in the battery, supplied externally, generated within the hybrid vehicle.
8. The transmission switching mechanism of claim 1, wherein the alarm is an audio-visual indicator.

Dated 2nd day of May 2020

PRASANNA BHAGWAN-[IN/PA-3225]
[ PATENT AGENT FOR THE APPLICANT]

ABSTRACT
Transmission switching mechanism for a hybrid vehicle
Provided is a switching mechanism to alternate between transmission from an internal combustion engine to electric motor transmission. The switchover mechanism maybe selected by means of a single pole three throw switch (1). The mechanism is capable of being fitted to any size of hybrid vehicle like a two-wheeler , three-wheeler, four-wheeler and the like. The switch (1) transmits the signals to switch from electric motor to internal combustion engine for propulsion or vice versa to the onboard microcontroller (2). Based upon the signal transmitted by the switch (1), the onboard microcontroller actuates the first actuator (3) or the second actuator (5), wherein the first actuator (3) ignites the spark plug(4)in order to use internal combustion engine for propulsion and second actuator (5) switches on the power supply to use electric motor propulsion.In the automated operation system a battery voltage sensor (6), a battery current sensor (7), a tilt sensor (8) and fuel level sensor (9)are provided. In the auto set point of the switch (1)the sensors (6) and (7) transmit the battery status.The tilt sensor (8) checks gradients in the road and sensor (9) checks the fuel level in the hybrid vehicle. All these sensors dynamically transmit the status respectively to the onboard microcontroller (2). The onboard microcontroller (2) with embedded neural algorithm makes a smart decision to choose between internal combustion engine and electric motor for propulsion.
Fig 1,Fig 2, Fig 3