FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to universal impactor with slap hammer that assists in
orthopedic, surgeries. More particularly, the invention relates to a convertible medical
impacting/extracting device adapted to apply force distally or proximally along the axis
of an attached device used during orthopedics surgery.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Advancing age, injuries, diseases can damage or change the bones, joints and ligaments
of the human body. Such injuries, damages usually appear in the form of physical
degeneration. In order to correct these damages, additional support or prosthesis may
be inserted by way of surgery. For instance in case of knee replacement or hip
replacements, incisions are made on the body of the patient for surgical access,
whereupon damaged or diseased materials, such as bones and muscles are surgically
removed. In instances where bone has to be removed, artificial prostheses are inserted
in its place.
In such surgeries, the surgeons have to use a device called the 'impactor' for fixing
instruments which include cutting guides, nails, pins, chisel in the surgical site. The said
instruments are put into the desired place for surgery by placing the impactor on said
fixing instruments and hammering the impactor with a mallet. Mallets are often used to
apply impaction force on medical instruments. While mallets are effective, the
impacting force must be axially applied to avoid misalignment of the instruments, or the
inadvertent removal of a bone. Moreover, the force applied must be sufficiently accurate
to avoid damage to the receiving site in the patient body.
In surgeries, an additional device called 'slaphammer' is used for extraction of various
tools/trial/implants from the bone. The slaphammer attaches to the instrument lodged
into bone and extracts the instrument by applying multiple blows or 'slaps' axially.
However, most slaphammer designs still have several drawbacks. Current slaphammers
tend to be very large and heavy, and are thus difficult to handle. The size and weight of
the slaphammer can make it very difficult for the surgeon to maintain a steady hand.
The size and weight can also result in problems with storage and cleaning.
patent USPN 5,913,860 granted on June 22,
I
1999 discloses the device for impaction\ 2
and extraction of nail from the bone. This device has slap hammer which can be
removed or attached to slide rod used for inserting the nail. Another patent, USPN
6,814,738 published on Aug 8, 2002 discloses medical impacting device which generates
a distally directed force for inserting the 'tool' such as a chisel and/or an attached device
into an orthopedic structure, or it can generate a proximally directed force to remove the
tool (and/or attached device) from an orthopedic structure. The US patent USPN
6,709,439 published on May 1, 2003 provides medical instrument impacting tool. The
impacting tool is effective for applying a force to the medical instrument to efficiently
and effectively prepare a bone structure, insert or remove a trial implant, insert or
remove an implant, or to remove a medical instrument positioned between adjacent
bone structures.
The disadvantage of the devices in the current state of art technology is that they require
two separate instruments for the purpose of impaction and extraction during a surgical
procedure. For impacting an instrument/implant/trial onto the bone structure, an
'impactor' is used while for extracting instrument/implant/trial another tool called the
'slaphammer' is used. The presence of multiple separate instruments, require longer
preparation and sterilization time as well as more hands during the surgery which
results in additional time thereby increasing costs.
Accordingly, there remains a need for a single, more compact, lightweight device which
can be safely and effectively used to apply impaction and extraction force to a medical
instrument or can work as a standalone device.
OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to obviate the aforementioned drawbacks in the existing state of art technology,
the instant invention provides a device which is a universal impactor with slap hammer
that can be used as an impactor and can be easily converted into an extractor to perform
the function of extraction with user friendly ergonomic gripping handle for stability.
An object of the invention is to provide universal impactor with slap hammer having a
unique locking mechanism which when locked acts as impact hammer and when
unlocked becomes a slap hammer.
Another object of the invention is to provide fool proof locking/unlocking for both the
usable option i.e. as an impactor or an extractor/slaphammer.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide the universal impact with slap hammer
with modular end device which may or may not be configured to receive different types
of modular instruments during surgical procedure. .
Accordingly, the instant invention relates to a universal impactor with slap hammer that
comprises a slidable hollow handle, a central shaft within the hollow handle, a modular
distal end to receive different types of surgical instruments, a proximal mechanism to
switch between impactor and extractor mode, and an option to restrict the relative
rotational motion between the hollow handle and the central shaft.
The advantage of this invention is that it reduces the number of instruments to be
prepared which include reduction in the number instrument to be sterilized for use in a
surgery and is helpful in reducing the number of non-productive surgical steps. Further
it minimizes the chances of committing a surgical error.
Thus the invention provides for universal impactor with slap hammer device for
impacting and extracting during surgical procedure, said device comprising of hollow
handle, central shaft, proximal impaction end and quick connect mechanism. The
hollow handle has inner and outer surface as well as proximal and distal end. The
proximal impaction end has locking mechanism to switch the device from extractor
mode to impactor mode or vice versa.
The central shaft also has corresponding proximal and distal ends and can be slidably
engaged into the integrated hollow handle such that the proximal end of the central shaft
which bears a tip is capable of being locked at proximal or distal end of the hollow
handle while said device is in impactor mode.
For instance, the proximal end of the central shaft when slid into the hollow handle is
capable of being locked with the proximal impaction end enabling the working of said
device in the impactor mode. when the locking mechanism on the proximal impaction
end is pressed, the central shaft is released up the hollow handle to the predetermined
movable length (l,~)o f the central shaft thereby enabling it to act as slap hammer i.e. in
the extractor mode.
The fitting in of the proximal impaction end to the proximal end of the hollow handle
helps form an integrated hollow handle, and can also be made permanent by welding
the proximal impact end to the hollow handle as is case of an embodiment which uses
magnetic means as a mode converting system. The distal quick connect mechanism
member has modular mechanism member at the distal end to attach additional surgical
instruments if so required.
The locking mechanism may be a mechanical locking mechanism or magnetic quick
connect locking mechanism. In case of magnetic quick connect locking mechanism the
locking may be at proximal end or distal end, The locking at proximal end is achieved
by providing magnets at the flat tip of central shaft and at the location of impaction head
central hole of said integrated hollow handle. The locking at the distal end is achieved
by arranging magnets on distal rim of said integrated hollow handle and at the proximal
end of said quick connect mechanism so that the device locks into place when the sets of
magnets meet on impaction.
The mechanical locking mechanism on the other hand is achieved by the locking of
proximal tip of central shaft by pressing the proximal button located on proximal
impaction end. The mechanical locking mechanism located on said proximal impaction
end is selected from a variety of locking mechanisms including spring loaded button,
rotating and unlocking screw or a taper lock. The mechanical locking mechanism
located on said proximal impaction end passively receives proximal tip end of central
shaft when the tip is bulleted, or by positively pressing said mechanical locking
mechanism as a toggle key to allow locking in and releasing, when tip of said central
shaft is flat. The mechanical locking mechanism located on said proximal impaction end
receives proximal tip end of central shaft locking in to facilitate use of said device as
impactor device, releasing said proximal tip end of said central shaft on pressing said
mechanical locking mechanism to facilitate use of said device as extractor device.
In one embodiment, the surgical instrument can also be configured to be detachable or
non-detachable from the central shaft, so that in the non-detachable mode the central
shaft bearing the instrument on the other end acts as a standalone device. The hollow
handle is capable of being rotated or prevented from being rotated by use of at least one
anti-rotation mechanism which is can be either an anti-rotation pin to provide rotational
constraint to handle during proximal-distal articulation or by way of anti-rotation
feature inherent to the structure of central shaft (21), hollow handle (11) or both. In a
representative example the shape of the hollow in the hollow handle can be square
instead of being cylindrical and if the central shaft too is square, then the inherent shape
itself acts as a rotational restraint.
The central shaft also may have a plurality of mechanisms to allow variable slap length
to provide required extraction force with corresponding calibration on said hollow
handle easily visible to surgeon. The mechanism is selected from threading of central
shaft with slap length nut or by way of having a plurality of variable length holes (560)
located at calibrated distance along the length of the holed central shaft and slap length
pin that can be inserted by the surgeon at desired hole to provide a desired length for
use as a slap hammer
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be fully understood from the following detailed description taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a universal impactor with slap hammer mated to a
medical instrument;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the tool shown in FIG. 1 in a
disassembled form and having a hollow handle (ll), a central shaft (21), a quick connect
mechanism member (31) bearing locking mechanism having distal button (32), and
proximal impaction end (41) bearing locking mechanism having the proximal button
(42), the proximal impaction end has impaction head (43). The figure also depicts
antirotation pin (101), springs (110 and Ill), locking pins (102, 103) to lock the distal
Z
button to the distal quick connect mechanism, locking pins (104) to lock central shaft to
distal quick connect mechanism, locking pins (105,106) to lock the proximal button (42)
to the proximal impaction end (41);
FIG. 3A is a perspective view of FIG. 2 depicting the hollow handle (11) adapted to
receive the central shaft member (21) from the proximal end, the handle bearing an antirotation
hole (13);
FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the central shaft (21) and anti-rotation pin (101) shown in
FIG. 2. The central shaft is an elongated rod ending in a proximal bullet shaped tip (22)
which is adapted to mate to the integrated hollow cavity formed by the integration of the
hollow handle (11) to the proximal impaction end (41). The central shaft (11) also has an
attachment hole (26) at the distal end to receive the pin that will affix it to the distal quick
connect mechanism (31);
FIG. 3C is a perspective view of the distal quick connect end shown in disassembled
form containing a quick connect cap, a distal button, locking pins and spring, and is
adapted to be disposed with the hollow handle member of FIG. 3A and adapted to mate
to the central shaft shown in FIG. 38;
FIG. 3D is a perspective view of the proximal impaction end (41) shown in disassembled
form having a impaction head member, a proximal button, locking pins and spring and
is adapted to mate to the proximal end of the hollow handle of FIG. 3A and to accept the
proximal end of the central shaft shown in FIG. 38;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional illustration of the all of the components of the universal
impactor with slap hammer shown in FIG. 2 in the assembled form;
FIG. 5A is a perspective view of another embodiment of the medical instrument shown
in a distal position and having the hollow handle positioned proximal to the quick
connect end of the tool;
FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the medical instrument of FIG. 5A shown in a proximal
position;
FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the central shaft disclosed in FIG. 3B showing an
alternative proximal end and shaft body;
FIG. 6B is a perspective view of universal impactor with slap hammer disclosed on FIG.
1-2 showing the alternate central shaft of FIG. 6A and an alternate adaptation of the
hollow handle of FIG. 3A;
FIG. 7A is a perspective view of the universal impactor with slaphammer disclosed on
FIG. 1 showing an alternative magnetic locking mechanism at the distal end of the tool;
FIG. 7B is a perspective view of one embodiment of the of the tool shown in FIG. 7A in a
disassembled form and having a magnetic hollow handle, an integrated shaft and
magnet quick connect cap, a button and a retaining pin;
FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional illustration of all of the components of the medical
instrument impacting/extracting tool shown in FIG. 7A-7B in the assembled form;
FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the universal impactor with slaphammer disclosed on
FIG. 1 showing an alternative version, having an adjustable slap length, in closed
position;
FIG. 88 is a cross-sectional illustration of all of the components of the variable length
impactor with slap hammer shown in FIG. 8A, in closed position;
FIG. 8C is a cross-sectional illustration of all of the components of the variable length
impactor with slap hammer shown in FIG. 8A-8B, in open position;
FIG. 9A is a perspective view of the universal impactor with slaphammer disclosed on
FIG. 8A, 8B and 8C showing an alternative version, having an adjustable slap length,
using pin and hole mechanism;
FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional illustration of all of the components of the variable length
impactor with slap hammer shown in FIG. 9A, in open position;
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH REFERENCE TO
DRAWINGS AND ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES:
The present invention provides a device which is a universal impactor with slap hammer
that is useful for mating to a medical instrument used during orthopedic surgery. The
instrument acts as an impactor and can be converted to act as an extractor by triggering a
mechanism, thereby providing dual functionality without the need to have two different
instruments. The universal impactor with slap hammer is effective to apply a force to
another medical instrument to efficiently and effectively prepare a bone structure, insert
or remove an implant, or to remove a medical instrument positioned on the bone
structures.
The hollow handle, which is slidably disposed over the central shaft is mated to the
distal modular end and proximal impaction end. The central shaft also includes an
option on the proximal side to aid in locking/unlocking with the proximal mechanism.
The device which includes a connector element formed on the distal end may be adapted
to mate with a medical instrument. The connector element may be, for example, a
reamer, a broach, instrument holding devices or other similar type of mechanical
connector.
The hollow handle comprises of outer and inner surfaces, a proximal end, and a distal
end. In one embodiment, the outer profile of the handle is designed ergonomically for
grip while the inner surface allows for the central shaft to pass through it. The handle
maybe slidably disposed around the central shaft to move from the proximal end of the
instrument to the distal end. The presence of a locking mechanism at the proximal end
allows the handle to be locked in the impactor mode. The same locking mechanism in
other embodiment can release the handle to allow sliding over the central shaft thereby
converting into an extractor. The presence of the anti-rotation pin, that passes through a
slot in the central shaft and is fixed to the hollow handle, ensures that the reciprocation
of the instrument is linearly guided. The rotational constraint may also be achieved by
changing the cross section of the anti-rotation pin from circular to
square/oval/rectangular.
In one embodiment, the hollow handle has multiple slots cut all around its periphery to
achieved optimized/desired mass of the universal impactor with impact slap hammer.
The slots extend between the proximal and the distal end of the hollow handle. During
use, the instrument is kept locked into impactor position by sliding the distal end of the
hollow handle near-to the distal modular end. In this configuration, the instrument may
be used to impact another medical instrument by attaching it to the modular end and
impacting at the proximal end using a mallet. To convert the instrument into an
extractor, the mechanism at the proximal end is triggered to release the central shaft
from locked position. This trigger allows the hollow handle to slide over the central
shaft. In this configuration, the instrument can be used to extract another medical
instrument by attaching it to the modular end. The presence of a stopping flange at the
proximal end of the central shaft restricts the hollow handle from coming out of the
instrument system.
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 depict universal impactor with slap hammer in assembled and
dissembled forms respectively. The Fig 1 illustrates the position and deployment of the
universal impactor-with-slap hammer (lo), the hollow handle (11)) central shaft (21),
distal quick connect mechanism (31), proximal impaction end (41) and medical
instrument (100) mounted on the modular end.
The Fig 2 additionally depicts the components of distal quick connect mechanism (31),
proximal impaction end (41). The components of the distal quick connect mechanism
(31) are distal button (32)) quick connect cap (33), anti-locking pin (102), a pair of locking
pins (103, 104), a spring (110). Similarly the proximal impaction end (41) comprises of
proximal button (42), impaction head (43), locking pins (105, 106) and spring (111).
Figure 2 also depicts anti-rotation pin (101).
Fig. 3A illustrates the hollow handle (11) which comprises of proximal end (12) and
distal end (17),outer wall (15) having an ergonomic profile, a profile that can be
comfortably grasped by the user in hand, an inner wall (16), a through hole (13) for the
anti-rotation pin, plurality of air-hole cut-outs (14), inner surface of the hollow handle
(18)) the proximal counter bore (19). The corresponding distal counter bore (20) is shown
in Fig 4.
Fig 3B depicts the central shaft (21) having distal end (28), proximal end (29) having
bulleted tip (22) and neck region (23), distal wall (24), slot (25) on central shaft,
attachment hole (26)) central bore (27) on the central shaft. The movable length of the
central shaft is defined as Is1 which is the distance between the central shaft distal end
(28) and the distal wall (24) having diameter dsl.
FIG. 3C illustrates the distal quick connect end (31), of the universal impactor with slap
hammer(l0) disclosed in FIG. 1 and FIG 2, in much detailed manner. As depicted in Fig
3C, the distal quick connect end comprises of the quick connect cap (33). The quick
connect cap has slot (36) on its cylindrical surface and hole (39) at its distal face while the
proximal surface (140)of the quick connect cap (33) having the cylindrical protrusion
(141) which has a length lQl (that is the overhanging length of cylindrical protrusion
feature (141) from the proximal surface (140)). The distal button has distal button hole
(35) and surface (34).
The quick connect cap is mated to the central shaft (21) by using the locking pin (104)
passing through attachment hole (37) in the quick connect cap (33) and the attachment
hole (26) in central shaft (21) depicted in FIG. 3B. The locking pin (104) is welded to
make a permanent attachment of the quick connect cap and the central shaft (21). The
distal button (32) is locked into the quick connect cap (33) by inserting it into the slot (36)
and passing the locking pin (102) through the hole (39) on the distal face of the quick
connect cap (33). The spring (110) is retained in place by using locking pin (102) as
shown in FIG. 4. The surface (34) of the distal button (32) is where the force is applied to
compress the spring and make room for the medical instrument (100) to be locked in
place after passing through the distal button hole (35).
Fig 3D illustrate the proximal impaction end (41) in details. The proximal impaction end
(41) comprises of impaction head (43) which has proximal impaction surface (49) and
distal surface (48) as well as a proximal button (42) which fits into the proximal slot (46)
on the impaction head (43). The proximal button (42) is locked into the proximal
impaction end (41) by inserting it into the slot (46) and passing the locking pin (105)
through the hole (47) on the distal face of the impaction head (43). The spring (111) is
retained in place by using locking pin (106) (shown in FIG. 4). The surface (44) of the
proximal button (42) is where the force is applied to compress the spring and make room
for the central shaft proximal end (29) in general and bulleted tip (22) in particular to be
locked in place after passing through the proximal button hole (45). The impaction head
(43) also comprises a proximal impaction surface (49) that acts as the surface where
impacting force is applied using a mallet. When the universal impactor with slap
hammer (10) is used as an impactor (FIG. 5A), then the impaction force applied on the
proximal impaction surface (49) using a mallet (not shown) is transferred to the medical
instrument (100) attached at the modular attachment site (38).
The proximal button (42) and spring (111) are locked inside the impaction head (43)
using locking pins (105,106). Due to the springing action provided by the spring (Ill),
the proximal button (42) is kept pushed, such that the proximal button hole (45) is offset
from the impaction head central hole (50) shown in FIG. 4. When the proximal button
(42) is pressed by applying force on the surface (44), both the proximal button hole (45)
and the impaction head central hole (50) become coaxially aligned and then the bulleted
tip (22) can pass through them. The locking mechanism inside the proximal impaction
end explained here, is just one of the many ways by which the same locking intent could
be achieved.
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional illustration of the components of the universal impactor
with0 slap hammer (10) shown in FIG. 2 in the assembled form. The cut out (14) can be
seen on the hollow handle (11). Also the central bore (27) on the central shaft (21) is
visible in the sectional view.
FIG. 5A illustrates the hollow handle (11) in the distal position. FIG. 5B illustrates the
hollow handle (11) in the proximal position from the user, wherein the bulleted tip (22)
of the inserted central shaft lies midway along the length lsl. . The preferred embodiment
depicting the assembly of the Universal impactor with slap hammer is explained with
reference to FIGS 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, FIG 4, FIG 5A, 5B.
The hollow handle is an elongated rigid tube having a proximal end (12), a distal end
surface (17), and an inner surface (18) extending between them (FIG 3A). While the outer
surface (15) of hollow handle (11) shown having an ergonomic profile the inner surface
of the hollow handle (11) may have any shape and size in conformation with outer
surface of the central shaft. The hollow handle (11) is selectively movable between a
first, distal position (shown in Fig 5A) and a second, proximal position (shown in FIGS. 1
and 5B), and is effective to apply a force to the instrument in both the proximal and
distal direction.
As depicted in Fig 4, the proximal counterbore (19) of the hollow handle (11) mates with
the surface (48) of the impaction head (43) (FIG. 3D) using a variety of attachment
mechanism. These attachments for example may be welded, adhesively secured or
mechanically connected by threads to make a rigid assembly of hollow handle (11) and
proximal impaction end (41). The hollow handle (11) has an outer surface and inner
surface (18) with inner diameter C HI which runs from distal end of the proximal
counterbore (19) to the proximal end of the distal counterbore (20) (FIG. 4). The distal
counterbore (20) of the hollow handle has diameter d ~a2n d depth 1~1,
When hollow handle (11) moves in extreme distal position (FIG. 5A) from the user, the
cylindrical protrusion (141) of the distal quick connect member fits into the distal
counterbore (20) having the diameter d ~ 2(F IG. 4) of the hollow handle (11). The
diameter dQl is less than the diameter d ~ (2F IG. 4) to allow free movement of the hollow
handle (11) while the distal end surface (17) approaches the proximal quick connect cap
surface (140). The cylindrical protrusion (141) has a length lQ1 (shown in FIG. 3C) that is
the overhanging length of e the cylindrical protrusion (141) from the surface (140). The
length la] is less than the length I H I which ensures that the distal end surface (17) (FIG.
3A) flushes with the proximal quick connect cap surface (140) when the hollow handle
(11) is moved toward extreme distal location (shown in FIG. 5A).
As shown in FIG 4 there is central shaft of diameter dsl slidably disposed inside the inner
surface (18) of the hollow handle having inner diameter S HI. The inner diameter HI of
the hollow handle (11) allows the central shaft (21) of diameter dsl to slide freely in the
proximal-distal direction. The difference between the diameter dsl and the diameter HI
is generally in the range 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm, and preferably about 0.125 mm. This
difference in diameter guides the hollow handle (11) to be perfectly axial to the central
shaft (21) during its proximal-distal articulation. The length Is1 of the central shaft (Fig
3B) is the distance between the central shaft distal end (28) and the distal wall (24) of the
diameter dsl. The length Is1 defines the movable length allowed to the hollow handle (11)
while it acts as an extractor.
The distal wall (24) of the central shaft lies flush with the inner wall (16) of the hollow
handle (11) (FIG. 3A and FIG. 4) in the extreme proximal position. The distal wall acts as
the stopping feature which prevents the hollow handle (11) from ejecting out.
There is an anti-rotation pin (101), which can pass through the option through hole of
handle into the slot (25) of the central shaft which is along the length lsl. The function of
the anti-rotation pin is to restrict the hollow handle (11) from rotating during proximaldistal
articulation. The anti-rotation pin (101) can be fixed in the through hole (13) using
welding or adhesive. The anti-rotation pin (101) can have a variety of shapes, but is
and FIG. 7C. The anti-rotation pin (101) can have any shape unless it conforms to the
shape of the slot (25) and provides adequate strength to restrict the rotation of the
hollow handle (11) while in proximal-distal actuation.
The proximal end (29) of the central shaft (21) includes an optional bullet shaped tip (22)
and a neck region (23). The bulleted tip (22) acts as a guiding feature for the central shaft
to facilitate entry into the proximal button (42) through the proximal button hole (45) of
the proximal button (42). The neck region (23) is the feature that locks the proximal
button (42) under the spring force from the proximal spring (111) (FIG. 3D).
The tip can have different shape. An alternate flat tip (222) (FIG. 6A) can also be used.
The shape of the tip (22, 222) defines the mechanism by which the proximal end of the
central shaft locks into the proximal button (42). For example, when tip is bullet shaped,
the hollow handle (11) can easily lock into place without pressing the proximal button
(42).). However for the flat tipped (222) central shaft force need to be applied on the
surface (44) of the proximal button (41) to lock the hollow handle (11).
At the distal end (28) of the central shaft the quick connect cap (33) is mated to the
central shaft (21) by using the locking pin (104) passing through attachment hole (37) in
the quick connect cap (33) and the attachment hole (26) in central shaft (21) depicted in
FIG. 3B. The locking pin (104) is welded to make a permanent attachment of the quick
connect cap (33) and the central shaft (21). The central shaft (21) also comprises central
bore (27) (FIG.3B and FIG.4) that acts as a drilled hole made to reduce the overall mass of
the central shaft (21).
The hollow handle (11) can optionally include a plurality of air flow cut outs (14)
extending from the outer surface (15) to the inner surface (18) (FIG 3A). These cut outs
are not only effective in preventing the buildup of pressure within the hollow handle
(11) and proximal impaction end (41) assembly but also effectively allow the hollow
handle (11) and proximal impaction end (41) assembly to slide freely between the central
shaft proximal end (29) and central shaft distal end (28) shown in FIG. 3B. Further the
cut outs (14) are also helpful in achieving desired/optimum mass and size of the hollow
handle (11). In addition, the cut outs (14) facilitate easy cleaning of the instrument. The
cut outs (14) can have any shape and size, and can be formed anywhere along the length.
FIG 4 along with FIG 5A depicts the embodiment for the conversion of universal
impactor with slap hammer from extractor to impactor. In FIG 4 the hollow handle (11)
is shown at a location nearing the extreme proximal length of its allowable movement
whereby the distal wall (24) of the central shaft (21) is approaching the inner wall (16) of
the hollow handle (11). The hollow handle (11) is disposed around the central shaft (21)
and is guided axially by the diameter d s ~sl iding inside diameter HI when the universal
impactor with slap hammer tool (10) is used as an extractor. The presence of antirotation
pin (101) (FIG. 4) prevents the rotation of the hollow handle (11) thereby
providing a better extraction grip tactile feeling. The proximal button (42) is pushed
outside the impaction head (43) due to the presence of the spring (111) constrained by
the locking pin (106). When the distal end surface (17) (FIG. 4) of the hollow handle (11)
moves distally towards the proximal quick connect cap surface (140); simultaneously at
the proximal end; the bulleted tip (22) of the central shaft comes in contact with the
proximal button hole (45) at the proximal end of hollow handle.
On further movement, the neck region (23) snaps in the proximal button hole ( 45)
due to the springing action of spring (111) and the entire universal impactor with slap
hammer(l0) takes the configuration as shown in FIG. 5A. For the proximal quick
connect cap surface (140) to flush with the distal end surface (17), the diameter dQl
should be less than the diameter HZ and the length lQ1 (FIG. 3C) should be less than
length 1 ~ 1 .U niversal impactor with slap hammer acts as impactor in the configuration
depicted in Fig 5A. The impaction force applied on the proximal impaction surface (49)
of the said impactor using a mallet (not shown) is transferred to the medical instrument
(100) attached at the modular attachment site (38).
The same locking mechanism can be used to convert the universal impactor with slap
hammer (10) from impactor configuration into extractor configuration of the by just
pushing the surface (44) of the proximal button (42) thereby moving the spring (111)
downward. This downward movement of the spring creates the room to move the tip of
the central shaft out from the proximal button hole (45) thereby enabling the central shaft
to slide along proximal-distal direction such that the instruments said device can be
converted into the extractor configuration (5B). The universal impactor with slap
hammer (10) can have a variety of configurations. For example, the hollow handle (11)
can also be disposed around a portion of the central shaft (21), positioned along distal
side of the central shaft (21) from the user, or positioned proximal side of central shaft
(21) from the user.
FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the central shaft (11) disclosed in FIG. 3B showing an
alternative proximal end and shaft body.-Fig 6B is a perspective view of the universal
impactor with slap hammer (210) containing the flat end central shaft (221) instead of the
central shaft (21) shown in FIG. 2. The flat end central shaft (221) contains two
variations with respect to the central shaft (21). The bullet shaped tip (22) of the central
shaft (21) has been removed to accommodate a flat tip (222). This variation changes the
way the universal impactor with slap hammer (10) is locked and converted into an
impactor. The proximal button (42) needs to be pressed by applying force on the surface
(44) (FIG. 3D) to facilitate the flat tip (222) to pass through the proximal button hole (45)
and in turn get locked. In case of the bullet shaped tip (22) (FIG. 38) of the central shaft
(21), the bulleted tip (22) can pass through the proximal button hole (45) without
applying force on the surface (44) due to the profile of the bulleted tip (22).
The bullet shaped tip (22) is advantageous for specific surgery needs where only a single
slap-out action is required every time, as the bullet shaped tip (22) helps in auto-locking
for every slap-out whereas flat tip (222) allows flexibility for multiple slap-out actions
till the desired extraction action is complete.
FIG 6B shows another variation in the flat ended central shaft (221) in which the slot (25)
is absent from the similar central shaft (21). For the central shaft (221) the hole (226) is
equivalent to the attachment hole (26) (FIG. 3B). Similarly, neck (223) is equivalent to
neck (23) shown in FIG. 3B. The distal wall (224) is equivalent to the distal wall (24)
shown in FIG. 3B except that in this variation of the central shaft (221), the distal wall
(224) is split into two surfaces separated by the ridge (225). The hollow handle (211) of
the universal impactor with slap hammer (210) is free to rotate in addition to the
permissible proximal-distal articulation. Th e locking of the instrument (210) in the
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impactor mode, needs proximal button to be pressed unlike the locking mechanisd 02 uEC ma
the universal impactor with slap hammer (10).
FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C show an alternate variant of the universal impactor with slap
hammer (10) of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. This alternate variant is called magnetic impactor with
slap hammer (310). FIG. 7A shows the assembled view of the magnetic impactor with
slap hammer (310), while the FIG. 7B shows the dissembled view and FIG. 7C depicts
the cross section view of the magnetic impactor with slap hammer (310) when
assembled.
The magnetic impactor with slap hammer (310) comprises an integrated shaft and
magnetic quick connect cap (321), a magnetic hollow handle (311), an anti- rotation pin
(401), a distal button (32), locking pins (102 and 103) and spring (110) (not shown). The
entire proximal impaction end (41) which housed the locking mechanism is removed.
The hollow handle comprises of single or multiple magnets (312) on its distal wall (313)
as depicted in FIG 7A, while multiple magnets are on the proximal wall of the integrated
shaft and magnetic quick connect (321). The locking of the magnetic hollow handle (311)
to the integrated shaft and magnetic quick connect (321) is achieved by using magnet
(312) (FIG. 7A) and (322) (FIG. 7B) on the distal wall (313) of the hollow handle (311) and
the proximal wall (323) of the integrated shaft and magnetic quick connect (321). The
anti-rotation pin (401) assembles in the magnetic hollow handle (311) and performs dual
function; one of being an anti-rotation member and second of keeping the integrated
shaft and magnetic quick connect (321) and magnetic hollow handle from disassembling.
This alternate embodiment of the medical instrument impacting/extracting tool (10)
reduces the overall weight and expanse of the instrument making it more convenient to
use. The presence of magnetic locking allows the surgeon to effectively use the
instrument for applications where he needs locking after every extraction slap to review
the surgical site. The magnets (312) should be positioned in a manner that the poles are
aligned to attract and not repel.
I
FIGS. 8A, 88 and 8C show another alternate va
hammer (10) of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. This alternate variant is called variable length
impactor with slap hammer (410) and uses a threaded central shaft (421) and slap length
nut (450) to achieve variable slap length. FIG. 8A shows the perspective view of the
variable length impactor with slap hammer (410) while FIGS. 8B and 8C shows the cross
sectional view of the variable length impactor with slap hammer (410) in open and
closed positions, respectively. The variable length impactor with slap hammer (410)
comprises of a threaded central shaft (421), distal quick connect end (31), proximal
impaction end (41), slotted handle (411), distal button (32), proximal button (42), slap
length nut (450), locking pins (102 and 103) and springs (110 and 111).
The extraction force that can be applied using the impactor with slap hammer (10) or any
of its variants (210, 310 and 410) directly depends on the slap length Is1 (FIG. 38). For
applications where only a fraction of the total extraction force available via the impactor
with slap hammer (10) is required; altering the slap length Isl provides the flexibility.
Variable length impactor with slap hammer (410) serves the purpose of providing a
system where the slap length Is, can be varied.
The presence of slap length nut (450) over the threaded central shaft (421) allows the
fixed slap length Is1 (shown in FIG. 38) to be converted to variable slap length ISHI (shown
in FIG. 8B). The slap length nut (450) consists of internal threads (452) that mate with the
external threads (460) on the threaded central shaft. The slap length nut (450) can be
moved from distal end of threaded central shaft (421) to the proximal end of the
threaded central shaft (421) by rotating it through the cut out (414). When the slap
length nut (450) is at the distal end of the threaded central shaft (421), the variable slap
length l s ~ lb ecomes zero and when the slap length nut (450) is at the proximal end of the
threaded central shaft (421), the variable slap length l s ~ble comes maximum and is equal
to the fixed slap length 151 (shown in FIG. 3B).
The distance between the distal surface (451) of the slap length nut (450) and the inner
wall (16) defines the variable slap length ISHI. The slotted handle (411) has the freedom
to move axially over the threaded central shaft (421) until the inner wall (16) flushes with
the distal surface (451) of the slap length nut (450). For the system to be functional, the
outer diameter ~ L NoIf slap length nut (450) is less than the inner diameter HI of slotted
handle (411). The inner diameter HI of the slotted handle (411) allows the outer
diameter d ~of ~slalp l ength nut (450) to slide freely in the proximal-distal direction. The
difference between the diameter ~ L N aI n d the diameter HI is generally in the range 0.1
mm to 0.2 mm, and preferably about 0.125 mm. This difference in diameter guides the
slotted handle (411) to be perfectly axial to the threaded central shaft (421) during its
proximal-distal articulation.
FIGS. 9A and 9B show another alternate variant of the variable length universal impactor
with slap hammer (410) of FIG. 8A through 8C. This alternate variant uses a holed
central shaft (521) and slap length pin (550) to achieve variable slap length. FIG. 9A
shows the perspective view of the variable length impactor with slap hammer (510)
while FIGS. 9B shows the cross sectional view of the variable length impactor with slap
hammer (510) in open position.
The variable length impactor with slap hammer (510) comprises of a holed central shaft
(521), distal quick connect end (31), proximal impaction end (41), slotted handle (411),
distal button (32), proximal button (42), slap length pin (550), locking pins (102 and 103)
and springs (110 and 111).
The extraction force that can be applied using the impactor with slap hammer (10) or any
of its variants (210, 310, 410 and 510) directly depends on the slap length 151 (FIG. 3B).
For applications where only a fraction of the total extraction force available via the
impactor with slap hammer (10) is required; altering the slap length 151 provides the
flexibility. Variable length impactor with slap hammer (510) serves the purpose of
providing a system where the slap length 151 can be varied.
The presence of slap length pin (550) inserted into the holed central shaft (521) allows the
fixed slap length Is1 (shown in FIG. 38) to be converted to variable slap length. The slap
length pin (550) can be inserted into any of the variable length holes (560) present in the
holed central shaft (521). The variable length holes (560) are located at calibrated distance
along the length of the central shaft (521) and provide site to insert slap length pin (550)
to control the slap length by accessing it through the cut out (414). The slap length pin
(550) can be inserted in any of the variable length holes (560) by withdrawing it from one
of the variable length hole (560) and inserting it into another variable length hole (560).
When the slap length pin (550) is at the distal most hole of the holed central shaft (521),
the variable slap length becomes zero and when the slap length pin (550) is at the
proximal most hole of the holed central shaft (521), the variable slap length becomes
maximum and is equal to the fixed slap length Is1 (shown in FIG. 38).
Referring back to FIG. 1, the instrument (10) has a modular attachment site (38) adapted
to mate to a medical device (100). The instrument (10) can be used with a variety of
medical devices, and thus can include virtually any type of modular attachment site (38)
effective to mate to the desired medical device. Although the invention is described with
reference to use with a bone removing instrument, any type of broaching device can be
used. In addition, it is understood that the impacting tool of the invention can be used
with virtually any medical instrument having any configuration, especially those used
during joint surgery. For example, the impacting tool can be used with prosthesis
placement tools, bone preparation instruments, implant removal tools, spreader devices,
and the like. Exemplary medical instruments include chisels, rasps, broaches, saws,
spreaders, and trial implants.
In another variant, the instrument universal impactor with slap hammer (10) itself is a
standalone device having the medical device (100) integral to its construct and not as a
modular attachment. In this condition, all the medical devices (100) that have an
impaction and extraction application can have the mechanism of impactor with slap
hammer (10) inbuilt into them, thereby saving surgical time in attachment and
detachment.
The invention is not to be limited by what has been particularly shown and described by
way of examples:
Example 1:
The distal quick connect mechanism (31) is connected to the central shaft (21) by means
of locking pin (104). The hollow handle (11) is then rigidly connected to the proximal
impaction end (41) to form an integrated hollow handle. The mode of fixing may be a
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temporary fixture including by way of threading to screw the proximal impaction end in
place or holding in place through the use of holding pins etc. A surgical instrument of
choice is fitted into the distal end (33) of the distal quick connect mechanism by means of
the locking mechanism located on the distal quick connect mechanism.
When the device is to be used in impactor mode, the central shaft is pushed into the
integrated hollow handle till the tip at the proximal end of the central shaft clicks into
the proximal impaction end locking it into place and thereby turning the device into an
impactor. In this mode a mallet can be used on the impaction head (43) of the proximal
impaction end to hammer the said surgical instrument into the bone during surgery.
If the device is to be used in extractor mode to extract a surgical device or pins during
surgery, the proximal button (42) on the proximal impaction end (41) is pressed to
release the tip of the central shaft enabling the shaft to move within the integrated
hollow handle upto the predetermined length multiple times thereby giving the device a
leverage to work in the extractor mode or to work as a slap hammer.
The surgical instrument fixed on the quick connect mechanism (31) can be removed and
/ or replaced by another surgicaI instrument by pressing the distal button (32) to release
the used surgical instrument. Both the distal button (32) on the distal quick connect
mechanism (31) and the proximal button (42) on the proximal impact end (41) may be
used as toggle buttons with one press fixing the implement and another press releasing
the same.
Example 2:
In another embodiment, the proximal impactor end (41) can be permanently fixed on the
hollow handle (11) such as by welding them together or by using adhesive to form a
permanently integrated hollow handle.
Example 3:
Instead of using a mechanical locking system of converting the device into impactor
mode by pushing the central shaft into the integrated hollow handle, the locking may
also be achieved by using light magnets. The light magnets (322) may be positioned on
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the respective rim or proximal wall (323) of the
the central shaft with the corresponding set of light magnets (312) on the rim or distal
wall (313) of the integrated hollow handle, so that when the device is desired to be used
in impactor mode, the central shaft is pushed into the integrated hollow handle till the
respective rims bearing the magnets meet affixing the central shaft to the integrated
hollow handle. When the device is to be used in extractor mode, force is applied to push
apart rims of the quick connect device and the integrated hollow handle to enable free
movement of the central shaft inside the integrated hollow handle. In this embodiment,
the proximal impactor end does not have the mechanical locking device including the
proximal button.
Example 4:
In some embodiments, the free movement of the length of the central shaft may be
controlled by the surgeon. In these embodiments, the central shaft has a series of holes
at predetermined lengths along the central shaft. Depending on the length of the central
shaft required to have proper leverage in slap hammer or extractor mode, a slap length
pin (550) can be inserted through the hollow handle into the variable length hole (560)
positioned on the central shaft (21).
In yet another embodiment, the central shaft (421) bears threads (460) on to which slap
length nut (450) is manipulated through the hole cut outs (14,414) on the hollow handle
(11) to obtain the variable length of the central shaft to provide desirable leverage when
using the device in slap hammer or extractor mode. (FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C).
Example 5:
In yet another embodiment, the device can also be used as a standalone device. In this
example, the surgical instrument is permanently fixed on to the central shaft so that the
particular device can only be used in impactor or extractor mode for that one surgical
device. In this kind of standalone use, the quick connect member is dispensable since it
is not required.
) * C r Lf Q 4
We claim: i i
Universal impactor with slap hammer device (10) for impacting and extracting
during surgical procedure, said device comprising of hollow handle (ll), central
shaft (21), proximal impaction end (41) and quick connect mechanism (31)
said hollow handle (11) having inner surface (18) and outer surface (15)
and proximal end (12) and distal end (17) wherein said proximal end (12) of the
said hollow handle is engaged with said proximal impaction end (41) to form
integrated hollow handle;
said central shaft (21) having proximal end (28) and distal end (29), said
central shaft (21) being slidably engaged in a manner that the outer surface of
said central shaft (21) is being slidably engaged with inner surface (18) of said
hollow handle in a manner that said proximal end (28) of the central shaft is
capable of being locked at proximal or distal end of the hollow handle (11) while
said device is in impactor mode;
said distal quick connect mechanism member (31) having modular
mechanism member (38) at the distal end to attach additional surgical
instruments if so required;
said proximal impaction end (41) having locking mechanism to switch
said device from extractor mode to impactor mode or vice versa;
wherein, proximal end (12) of said hollow handle is fixed to said proximal
impaction end (41) creating a hollow cavity into which the outer surface of said
central shaft (21) is being slidably engaged with inner surface (18) of said hollow
handle in a manner that said proximal end (28) of the central shaft is capable of
being locked with the proximal impaction end (41) while said device is in the
impactor mode, while in extractor mode said locking mechanism allows the
central shaft to release the hollow handle up to the predetermined movable
length (la) of the central shaft thereby enabling it to act as slap hammer.
2. Universal impactor with slap hammer device as claimed in claim I, wherein said
device is switched from the impactor mode to extractor mode or vice-versa by
locking mechanism.
3. Universal impactor with slap hammer device as claimed in claim 2, wherein said
locking mechanism is selected from mechanical locking mechanism (42) or
magnetic quick connect (321) locking mechanism.
4. Universal impactor with slap hammer device as claimed in claim 3, wherein
magnetic quick connect (321) locking mechanism allows for locking at proximal
end or distal end,
wherein said locking at proximal end occurs due to presence of magnet at
the flat tip (222) of said central shaft and at the location of impaction head central
hole (50) of said integrated hollow handle (ll), or
wherein said locking at distal end occurs due to arrangement of magnets
on distal rim of said integrated hollow handle (11) and proximal end of said quick
connect mechanism (31)
5. Universal impactor with slap hammer device as claimed in claim 3 wherein
mechanical locking mechanism comprises locking of said proximal tip of central
shaft by pressing said proximal button (42) located on proximal impaction end
(41).
6. Universal impactor with slap hammer device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said
mechanical locking mechanism located on said proximal impaction end is selected
from a variety of locking mechanisms including spring loaded button, rotating
and unlocking screw or a taper lock.
7. Universal impactor with slap hammer device as claimed in claim 5 wherein said
mechanical locking mechanism located on said proximal impaction end passively
receives proximal tip end (22) of said central shaft when said tip is bulleted, or by
positively pressing said mechanical locking mechanism as a toggle key to allow
locking in and releasing, when said tip of said central shaft is flat.
8. Universal impactor with slap hammer device as claimed in claim 5 wherein said
mechanical locking mechanism located on said proximal impaction end receives
proximal tip end (22) of said central shaft locking in to facilitate use of said device
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