FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT 1970
[39 OF 1970]
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [See section 10; rule 13]
“VENTILATOR SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING RESPIRATORY ASSISTANCE TO PATIENTS”
Nocca Robotics Private Limited, an Indian company, of 4 Brady Glady’s Plaza, 1/447 Senapati Bapat Marg Lower Parel Mumbai 400013, India;
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

FIELD OF DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure generally relates to a ventilator system for providing respiratory assistance to patients.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
This section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
In the area of healthcare, ventilators are commonly known for providing emergency life support for the patients. Particularly, a ventilator provides mechanical ventilation by moving breathable air into and out of the lungs when the patient is unable to breath adequately on his own. Ventilation can be pressure controlled, volume controlled or hybrid of both. The ventilators generally are of two types i.e. positive pressure ventilator where air (or another gas mix) is pushed into the lungs through the airways, and negative pressure ventilator where air is, in essence, sucked into the lungs by stimulating movement of the chest.
Generally, a positive pressure ventilator has compressible air reservoir for supplying air and oxygen, a set of valves and tubes, and a disposable or reusable "patient circuit". In a compressor based ventilator, room air is externally compressed and stored in a reservoir. A set of valves control the flow-rate and pressure of the gas going into the breathing cycle. Oxygen is stored in a separate reservoir. A set of valves control the pressure and flow-rate of oxygen going into the breathing cycle. Both air and oxygen are mixed in the ventilator before feeding it to the patient. If a turbine is used, the turbine pushes air through the ventilator, with a flow valve adjusting pressure to meet patient-specific parameters. When over pressure is released, the patient will exhale passively due to the lungs' elasticity, the exhaled air being released usually through a one-way valve within the patient circuit called the patient manifold. Ventilators may also be equipped with monitoring and alarm systems for patient-related parameters (e.g. pressure, volume, and flow) and ventilator function (e.g. air leakage, power failure, mechanical failure), backup batteries, oxygen tanks, and remote control.
Existing ventilators incorporates components which are rarely interchangeable and difficult to substitute. Most of the components are special purpose items, which are manufactured as per the specific requirements. Also, all the components of modern ventilators are immensely inter-weaved with each other and the firmware, thus rendering the ventilator useless in case

any of the component is missing or become faulty. The existing ventilators have complex mechanical, electronic/ firmware architecture which makes the existing ventilators bulky, costly and require specialized assembly line for manufacturing. Thus, the existing ventilators are difficult to reproduce and mass manufacture in case of proliferated requirements during pandemic and disease outbreak.
Moreover, existing ventilators are discrete devices which lacks IOT functionality. Because of which existing ventilators does not cater to functionalities such as remote patient health monitoring, central data logging/backup and emergency alarms.
The present disclosure is directed to overcome one or more problems stated above or any other similar problems associated with the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
Before the present method, apparatus and hardware enablement is described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the particular systems, and methodologies described, as there can be multiple possible embodiments of the present invention which are not expressly illustrated in the present disclosure. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing the particular version or embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention which will be limited only by the appended claims.
In one non-limiting embodiment, the present disclosure describes a ventilator system for providing respiratory assistance to a patient. The system comprises an inspiratory manifold, an inspiratory pump coupled to the inspiratory manifold for supplying gas to the patient. The system further comprises an expiratory manifold and an expiratory valve coupled to the expiratory manifold for allowing gas to expire from the patient. A pressure transducer is coupled to the inspiratory manifold for measuring a pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold. A control unit is configured to continuously receive the measured pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold and during an inspiratory cycle, control revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump; and during an expiratory cycle: control the expiratory valve to allow air to expire from the patient and at the same time control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump based on the received pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the expiratory cycle, the control unit is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump such that the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold is maintained at a predetermined first threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the inspiratory cycle, the control unit is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump such that the pressure inside the inspiratory manifold is maintained at a predetermined second threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the inspiratory cycle, the control unit is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump such that a volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold does not exceed a predetermined volume threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the inspiration cycle, the control unit is configured to control the expiratory valve to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold exceeding the second threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the inspiration cycle, the control unit is configured to control the expiratory valve to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold exceeding the volume threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inspiratory manifold is fluidly connected to the patient through an endotracheal (ET) tube through a flow valve, a pressure release valve and a Heat and Moisture Exchanger (HME), wherein the flow valve is defined as a four-way valve to facilitate flow of gas into the patient from the inspiratory manifold and flow of exhaled air into atmosphere.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inspiratory pump is a constant volume displacement pump.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a gas chamber and a HEPA filter are fluidly connected to the inspiratory pump. The gas chamber includes an oxygen blender fluidly connected to two distinct gas cylinders preferably an oxygen cylinder and a compressed medical air cylinder.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the control unit is connected to one or more remote portable devices and configured to communicate patient information with the one or more remote devices.
In another non-limiting embodiment, the present disclosure discloses a method for providing respiratory assistance to a patient using a ventilator system. The system comprising an inspiratory manifold, an inspiratory pump coupled to the inspiratory manifold for supplying gas to the patient, an expiratory manifold and an expiratory valve coupled to the expiratory manifold for allowing gas to expire from the patient. The method comprises continuously measuring a pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold; during an inspiratory cycle, controlling revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump; and during an expiratory cycle: controlling the expiratory valve to allow air to expire from the patient and at the same time controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump based on the received pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the expiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump such that the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold is maintained at a predetermined first threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump such that the pressure inside the inspiratory manifold is maintained at a predetermined second threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump such that a volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold does not exceed a predetermined volume threshold.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the expiratory valve to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold exceeding the second threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the expiratory valve to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold exceeding the volume threshold.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inspiratory pump is a constant volume displacement pump.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method comprises communicating patient information with the one or more remote devices operatively coupled with the ventilator system.
The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The disclosure itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and
advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following description of an
illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. One or
more embodiments are now described, by way of example only, with reference to the
accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals represent like elements and in
which:
Figure 1 illustrates block diagram illustrating the ventilator system according to an
embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 2 illustrates the block diagram illustrating the electric circuit of the ventilation system
the ventilator system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figures 3a and 3b illustrate the charging circuits of the ventilator system in accordance
according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

Figures 4a-4g is an exemplification of the operation of portable device in conjunction with the ventilator system in accordance with the present disclosure.
Figure 5 illustrates a flow chart showing a method for providing respiratory assistance to a patient using a ventilator system.
The figures depict embodiments of the disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiment thereof has been shown by way of example in the figures and will be described in detail below. It should be understood, however that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternative falling within the spirit and the scope of the invention.
The words "comprising," "having," "containing," and "including," and other forms thereof, are intended to be equivalent in meaning and be open ended in that an item or items following any one of these words is not meant to be an exhaustive listing of such item or items or meant to be limited to only the listed item or items.
It must also be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Although any systems and methods similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the present invention, the preferred systems and methods are now described.
The elements illustrated in the figures inter-operate as explained in more detail below. Before setting forth the detailed explanation, however, it may be noted that all of the discussion below, regardless of the particular implementation being described, is exemplary in nature, rather than limiting.

The techniques described herein may be implemented using one or more computer programs executing on (or executable by) a programmable computer including any combination of any number of the following: a processor, a controller, a sensor, a storage medium readable and/or writable by the processor (including, for example, volatile and non-volatile memory and/or storage elements), plurality of input units, plurality of output devices and networking devices.
Method steps as disclosed by the present disclosure may be performed by one or more computer processors executing a program tangibly embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable medium to perform functions of the invention by operating on input and generating output. Suitable processors include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors. Storage devices suitable for tangibly embodying computer program instructions and content include, for example, all forms of non-volatile memory, such as semiconductor memory devices, including EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROMs. Any of the foregoing may be supplemented by, or incorporated in, specially designed ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits) or FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays).
The present disclosure provides a mechanical ventilator system which operates in pressure-controlled or volume-controlled mode. The ventilator system of the present disclosure operates on its own in ambient air as well as oxygen enriched medicated air. In an embodiment, the ventilator comprises a provision for connecting an oxygen cylinder to the system, when required.
In an embodiment, the ventilator system of the present disclosure eliminates the process of checking flow rate thereby eliminating the use of flow sensor in the system. The present disclosure provides a ventilator system which operates in pressure-controlled or volume-controlled mode. The ventilator system comprises a pressure transducer, an inspiratory manifold, an inspiratory pump, an expiratory manifold, an electronic controller or electronic control unit (ECU).
The following paragraphs describe the present disclosure with reference to Figures 1 to 5. In

the figures the same element or elements which have same functions are indicated by the same reference signs.
In an embodiment as shown in Figure 1, a block diagram illustrating elements/parts of the ventilator system (100) are disclosed. The ventilator system (100) comprises an inspiratory manifold (10), an inspiratory pump (11), a pressure transducer (12), an expiratory manifold (20), an expiratory valve (21), an electronic controller or electronic control unit (ECU) (30). The inspiratory pump (11) is coupled to the inspiratory manifold (10) for supplying gas to the patient. The expiratory valve (21) is coupled to the expiratory manifold (20) for allowing gas to expire from the patient. The pressure transducer (12) is coupled to the inspiratory manifold
(10) for measuring a pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10). The ECU may also
be referred to as a control unit (30) in the foregoing specification. The gas supplied to the
patient may be ambient air or a mixture of ambient air and compressed air.
In an embodiment, an inlet of the inspiratory pump (11) is in fluid flow communication with ambient air and/or oxygen enriched compressed medicated air supply source. An oxygen blender (41) may be disposed in fluid flow communication with the source for supplying oxygen and compressed medicated air for supplying blend thereof. As shown in Figure 1, the inspiratory pump (11) is adapted to receive fresh air directly from the atmosphere according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For this purpose, the inlet of the inspiratory pump
(11) may be connected to a High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter (50) for receiving the
air from atmosphere. A multiport valve (60) may be disposed for regulating the flow of fresh
air from the atmosphere and/or oxygen supply source and the medicated air supply source to
the inlet of the inspiratory pump (11). The fresh air received by the inspiratory pump (11) is
supplied to the inspiratory manifold (10) at a certain pressure. The term ‘fresh air’ refers to
the ambient air or oxygenated medicated air or air-oxygen mixture received by the inspiratory
pump (11). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inspiratory pump (11), the
inspiratory manifold (10), the pressure transducer (12), the control unit (30) and the expiratory
valve (21) are housed in a housing (101). The system may also receive oxygen from a gas
chamber (40) fluidly connected to the inspiratory pump (11), the gas chamber (40) includes
the oxygen blender (41) fluidly connected to two distinct gas cylinders preferably an oxygen
cylinder (42) and a compressed medical air cylinder (43).
In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the control unit (30) is coupled with the inspiratory

pump (11) and the pressure transducer (12). The control unit (30) is configured to control the inspiratory pump (11) to regulate the pressure in the inspiratory manifold (10) based on input received from the pressure transducer (12).
In an embodiment, the ventilator (100) works on an inspiratory cycle and an expiratory cycle. The control unit (30) is configured to continuously receive the measured pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10). During the inspiratory cycle, the control unit (30) controls revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) and during the expiratory cycle, controls the expiratory valve (21) to allow gas to expire from the patient and at the same time control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) based on the received pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10).
In an embodiment, during the expiratory cycle, the control unit (30) is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) is maintained at a predetermined first threshold. The predetermined first threshold indicates lower limit of the pressure. In another embodiment, during the inspiratory cycle, the control unit (30) is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that the pressure inside the inspiratory manifold (10) is maintained at a predetermined second threshold. The predetermined first threshold indicates lower limit of the pressure.
During the inspiration cycle, the control unit (30) is configured to control the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the second threshold. Furthermore, during emergency situations when the pressure at intake manifold exceeds the predetermined threshold limits, a pressure release valve (15) may get actuated to an open position to release the excess pressure of the oxygen or air or gas before entering the patient.
In another embodiment, during the inspiratory cycle, the control unit (30) is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that a volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) does not exceed a predetermined volume threshold.

In another embodiment, the control unit (30) is configured to control the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the volume threshold.
The inspiratory manifold (10) is connectable with an endotracheal (ET) tube (13), ventilator face mask, or nasal mask via a patient circuit, a flow valve (14), the pressure release valve (15) and a Heat and Moisture Exchanger (HME) (16). Referring to Figure 1, the flow valve (14) is a T shape comprises a first inlet connectable with the inspiratory manifold (10) for receiving the inspiratory gas and a first outlet connectable with the ET tube (13) for supplying the gas to the patient during inhalation. The flow valve (14) comprises a second inlet connectable with the ET tube (13) for receiving the exhaled gas during exhalation and a second outlet connectable with inlet of the expiratory manifold (20). In an embodiment, Y-piece of patient circuit is connected to the inspiratory limb of patient circuit. In another embodiment, the HME filter (16) is adapted to maintain the temperature and humidity of the gas supplied to the ET tube (13) for inhalation. The pressure release valve (15) prevents the over pressure. In an embodiment, outlet of the expiratory valve (21) is connectable with a HEPA filter (51). In an embodiment the control unit (30) is coupled with expiratory valve (21) to control the operation thereof.
As described in previous paragraphs, the ventilator system (100) of the present disclosure comprises the HEPA filter (50, 51) and or Bacterial-Viral (BV) filter at both inspiration end and expiration end. This ensures that neither contaminated air enter patient’s lungs nor viral and bacterial load in exhaled air is released into the ICU. Also, in an embodiment the HME filter (16) is a dual purpose HME filter (16), which helps in maintaining required humidity and temperate of inhaled air, and also traps bacteria and virus in exhaled air.
It can be clearly understood that one of the critical parameters which needs to be controlled in any ventilator system (100), is both pressure controlled and volume controlled modes, is the Tidal Volume going into patient’s lungs. To maintain the required tidal volume, one of the major components is flow meter or flow sensor which is expensive. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the ventilator system (100) eliminates need for a flow sensor or flow meter.
In the pressure-controlled mode, the control unit (30) is configured to control the Tidal volume by controlling the rotations per minute (rpm) of the motor of the inspiratory pump (11) during

inhalation. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inspiratory pump (11) is a diaphragm pump. A diaphragm pump is a constant volume displacement pump which means that the volume of air or oxygen or gas pumped by the diaphragm pump in 1 rotation is fixed. Thus, the flowrate of a diaphragm pump can be achieved as a function of rpm of the motor of the pump. During inhalation, pressure of air or oxygen or gas entering the inspiratory manifold
(10) is continuously measured by the pressure transducer (12). The real time measured
pressure values are provided to the control unit (30) on a periodic basis by the pressure
transducer (12). In an embodiment, the control unit (30) controls the rotations per minute
(rpm) of the motor of the inspiratory pump (11) based on the received pressure values to
control the flowrate of air or oxygen entering the inspiratory manifold (10) to maintain the
pressure inside the inspiratory manifold (10) equivalent to a first threshold value of the
inspired air as set by the user. For patient’s safety, it is important to maintain the pressure
within the limits set by the doctor.
In the volume-controlled mode, the control unit (30) is configured to control the Tidal volume by controlling the rotations per minute (rpm) of the motor of the inspiratory pump (11) during inhalation and controlling the rotations per minute (rpm) of the motor of the inspiratory pump
(11) during exhalation. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inspiratory pump (11)
is a diaphragm pump. A diaphragm pump is a constant displacement pump which means that
the volume of air or oxygen pumped by the diaphragm pump in 1 rotation is fixed. Thus, the
flowrate of a diaphragm pump can be achieved as a function of rpm of the motor of the pump.
Further, as shown in figure 1, the control unit (30) receives power from a power supply via a switched mode power supply unit (SMPS) (70). Referring to figure 3, in an embodiment the SMPS unit (70) as shown in Figure 3a, coverts the AC supply to 12VDC supply and charges a battery (72) using the 12VDC supply. The battery (72) provides power supply to all the electronic circuitry of the ventilator system (100). As shown in Figure 3b, the SMPS unit (70) for converting the AC supply to 12VDC supply is a separate unit which is connected to a charge controller for charging the battery (72) using the 12VDC supply.
Furthermore, referring to Figure 2, it can be noticed that the AC supply is converted to 12VDC supply via the SMPS unit (70). A battery charger (71) is connected to the SMPS unit (70) for receiving the 12VDC for charging the battery (72). Further, the 12VDC is provided to a buck convertor (73) for regulating the 12VDC to 5VDC which is further regulated to 3.3VDC using a

low dropout regulator (74). The 12VDC is provided to a motor driver (111) which controls the motor of the inspiratory pump (11). The motor driver (111) of the inspiratory pump (11) receives signals from the control unit (ECU) (30) to modify the rpm of the motor of the inspiratory pump (11). The signals to modify the rpm of the motor of the inspiratory pump (11) are generated based on the pressure values captured by the pressure transducer (12) or differential pressure sensor (121) and supplied to the control unit (30). The control unit (30) further receives the current rpm of the motor of the inspiratory pump (11) via a feedback loop.
The control unit (30) is further connected to one or more portable devices via a USB port (80) or wireless via Bluetooth, wifi etc. The one or more portable devices may include but not limited to mobile phone, laptop, tablet, personal data assistant (PDA) and control the ventilator system (100) and display critical information. The portable device is connectable to the control unit (30) via a wired or wireless link. The portable device controls the ventilator’s function as well as displays the real-time parameters on its screen. Precisely, the portable device is constantly in a feedback loop with the electronic controller and displays all the functions and alarms (90) on its screen. This feedback with the control unit (30) ensures the ventilator’s functionality to be aligned with what is displayed on the screen. The portable device is further capable of sending the real time parameters received from the ventilator system (100) to a cloud database, thus providing the doctor access to all the patients’ data. Further, the portable device displays flags on its screen, in case any anomaly in the functionality of the ventilator is detected.
In an embodiment, the doctor can modify patient’s parameters from a remote location by directly sending a signal to the ventilator system (100) via the portable device. In another embodiment, the signal received at the portable device is analysed by a doctor before modifying patient’s parameters.
In an exemplary embodiment with reference to figures 4a-g, the portable device, when used in pressure-controlled mode without flow sensor or flow meter, is configured with three ventilation modes, “PC-CMV”, “PC-AC” and “CPAP” and provides the electronic controller with the user selected mode. The portable device receives “PIP”, “PEEP”, “RR” and “I:E” as inputs from the knobs on the ventilator through the electronic controller and displays them on its screen with very minimal latency, thus providing the user with the ability to adjust the

parameters in real-time. Further, the portable device provides the user the ability to select the alarm conditions using “Set Alarm” button and set the values for “Phigh cmH2O”, “Plow cmH2O”, “VTehigh cmH2O”, “VTelow cmH2O”, “RRhigh /min” and “RRlow /min”. These alarm (90) values are sent to the electronic controller and the real-time Pressure, Volume and Flow Rate values are received from the electronic controller and displayed on the screen through a graph. Further, “PIP”, “PEEP”, “VTe ml” and “RR /min” values are also received from the electronic controller and displayed on the screen. Any anomaly in ventilator function is displayed as a pop-up in the screen and notifies the doctor immediately on his interface.
The present system is an invasive type mechanical ventilator capable of operating in pressure-controlled mode or in volume-controlled mode. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present system can also be used as non-invasive type ventilator.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the ventilator system (100) is a completely modular design and can incorporate wide range of pressure sensors to achieve pressure and volume control modes. The ventilator system (100) can operate in either pressure-controlled mode, volume-controlled mode or both depending on the sensor availability.
As explained in previous paragraphs, the ventilator system (100) of the present disclosure works as and when a pressure is created in a diaphragm and the pumps are used in a closed loop using pressure transducer (12) and control unit (30) to maintain required pressure. This will eliminate the requirement of any additional compressed air in the hospitals. Control valves may be provided at both inlet of fresh air supply and at the outlet of exhaled air.
Also, as the present ventilator system (100) can be configured to communicate data/information to a remote communication device, the users such as Doctors and healthcare professionals, can set and monitor the information of the ventilator system (100). The ventilator system (100) is connected to a central server which allows remote monitoring of patient’s health, data logging, emergency alarm beacon (90). The configuration of present ventilator system (100) allows multiple ventilators to be controlled remotely making it a much safer and easy to manage option for the doctors in case of epidemic or pandemic situation such as Covid-19 pandemic.

Referring to Figure 5, a method for providing respiratory assistance to a patient using a ventilator system (100) is disclosed. The system comprising an inspiratory manifold (10), an inspiratory pump (11) coupled to the inspiratory manifold (10) for supplying gas to the patient, an expiratory manifold (20) and an expiratory valve (21) coupled to the expiratory manifold
(20) for allowing gas to expire from the patient, the method comprising: initial step of switching ON the plug-in to initiate the ventilation system (100). The next step is to select between two modes of operation which are pressure-controlled mode and volume-controlled mode. In pressure controlled mode, continuously measuring a pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10); during an inspiratory cycle, controlling revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11); and during an expiratory cycle: controlling the expiratory valve
(21) to allow air to expire from the patient and at the same time controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) based on the received pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10). In volume-controlled mode, controlling revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) by control unit (30), during inspiratory cycle such that volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) does not exceed a predetermined volume threshold.
In an embodiment, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that the pressure inside the inspiratory manifold (10) is maintained at a predetermined second threshold. Further, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the second threshold. Also, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the volume threshold. Furthermore, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that a volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) does not exceed a predetermined volume threshold.
In an embodiment, during the expiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) is maintained at a predetermined first threshold. Furthermore, during the expiratory cycle, controlling the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the volume threshold.

Some of the advantages of the present ventilator system are compact in size, less complex mechanism for smooth operation, modular construction and power efficient.
While preferred aspects and example configurations have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various further modifications and additional configurations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is intended that the specific embodiments and configurations herein disclosed are illustrative of the preferred nature of the disclosure and should not be interpreted as limitations on the scope of the disclosure.
List of Reference Numerals:

Ventilator system 100
Housing 101
Inspiratory manifold 10
Inspiratory pump 11
Motor driver for inspiratory pump 111
Pressure transducer 12
Differential pressure sensor 121
Endotracheal tube 13
Flow valve 14
Pressure release valve 15
HME filter 16
Expiratory manifold 20
Expiratory valve 21
Control unit 30
Gas chamber 40
Oxygen blender 41
Oxygen cylinder 42
Compressed medical air cylinder 43
HEPA filter at inlet 50
HEPA filter at expiratory valve 51
Multiport valve 60
SMPS unit 70

Battery charger 71
Battery 72
Buck convertor 73
Low dropout regulator 74
USB port 80
Alarm interface 90
EQUIVALENTS:
With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended description (e.g., bodies of the appended description) are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited to," etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended description may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to disclosures containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and/or "an" should typically be interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is

intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B."
While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the description.

We Claim:
1. A ventilator system (100) for providing respiratory assistance to a patient, the system
comprising:
an inspiratory manifold (10);
an inspiratory pump (11) coupled to the inspiratory manifold (10) for supplying gas to the patient;
an expiratory manifold (20);
an expiratory valve (21) coupled to the expiratory manifold (20) for allowing gas to expire from the patient;
a pressure transducer (12) coupled to the inspiratory manifold (10) for measuring a pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10); and
a control unit (30) configured to:
continuously receive the measured pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10);
during an inspiratory cycle, control revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11); and
during an expiratory cycle: control the expiratory valve (21) to allow air to expire from the patient and at the same time control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) based on the received pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10).
2. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the expiratory cycle, the control unit (30) is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) is maintained at a predetermined first threshold.
3. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the inspiratory cycle, the control unit (30) is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that the pressure inside the inspiratory manifold (10) is maintained at a predetermined second threshold.
4. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the inspiratory cycle, the control unit (30) is configured to control the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump

(11) such that a volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) does not exceed a predetermined volume threshold.
5. The system (100) as claimed in claim 3, wherein, during the inspiration cycle, the control
unit (30) is configured to:
control the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the second threshold.
6. The system (100) as claimed in claim 4, wherein, during the inspiration cycle, the control
unit (30) is configured to:
control the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the volume threshold.
7. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inspiratory manifold (10) is fluidly
connected to the patient through an endotracheal (ET) tube (13) through a flow valve (14), a
pressure release valve (15) and a Heat and Moisture Exchanger (HME) (16), wherein
the flow valve (14) is defined as a four-way valve to facilitate flow of gas into the patient from the inspiratory manifold (10) and flow of exhaled air into atmosphere.
8. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inspiratory pump (11) is a constant volume displacement pump.
9. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a gas chamber (40) and a HEPA filter (50) fluidly connected to the inspiratory pump (11), the gas chamber (40) including:
an oxygen blender (41) fluidly connected to two distinct gas cylinders preferably an oxygen cylinder (42) and a compressed medical air cylinder (43).
10. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit (30) is connected to one
or more remote portable devices and configured to communicate patient information with
the one or more remote devices.

11. A method for providing respiratory assistance to a patient using a ventilator system (100)
comprising an inspiratory manifold (10), an inspiratory pump (11) coupled to the inspiratory
manifold (10) for supplying gas to the patient, an expiratory manifold (20) and an expiratory
valve (21) coupled to the expiratory manifold (20) for allowing gas to expire from the patient,
the method comprising:
continuously measuring a pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10);
during an inspiratory cycle, controlling revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11); and
during an expiratory cycle:
controlling the expiratory valve (21) to allow air to expire from the patient and at the same time controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) based on the received pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10).
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein during the expiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) is maintained at a predetermined first threshold.
13. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that the pressure inside the inspiratory manifold (10) is maintained at a predetermined second threshold.
14. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the revolutions per minute (rpm) of the inspiratory pump (11) such that a volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) does not exceed a predetermined volume threshold.
15. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the pressure of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the second threshold.
16. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, during the inspiratory cycle, controlling the expiratory valve (21) to allow the gas to expire from the patient in response to the volume of the gas inside the inspiratory manifold (10) exceeding the volume threshold.

17. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the inspiratory pump (11) is a constant volume
displacement pump.
18. The method as claimed in claim 11, further comprising: communicating patient
information with the one or more remote devices operatively coupled with the ventilator
system (100).