Title of the invention: Vinyl chloride polymer and its manufacturing method
Technical field
[One]
Mutual citation with related applications
[2]
This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2018-0049563 filed April 30, 2018 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0048264 filed April 25, 2019. All disclosed content is incorporated as part of this specification.
[3]
[4]
Technical field
[5]
The present invention relates to a method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer having excellent processability, improved fish eye and improved initial colorability, and a vinyl chloride polymer having improved polymerization productivity.
[6]
Background
[7]
Vinyl chloride polymers are inexpensive and have excellent quality balance, and are thus used in various fields such as hard and soft. Specifically, in the hard field, it is used for pipes, films, window frames, and the like, and in the soft field, it is used for applications such as wire covering, wrap film, and sheet.
[8]
In general, it is important to improve the polymerization productivity per unit volume of the reaction as a method for reducing the production cost of the vinyl chloride polymer and improving the efficiency in the process. Methods of improving the polymerization productivity include, for example, a method of increasing the yield per batch by having a constant polymerization reaction time and increasing a polymerization conversion rate, and a method of shortening the polymerization reaction time.
[9]
Among such methods of improving polymerization productivity, a method of adding a polymerization initiator of a vinyl chloride polymer has been proposed as a method of increasing the polymerization conversion rate. For example, US Patent Publication No. 2005-008027 discloses a method of increasing the polymerization conversion rate by adding an initiator at a time when the internal pressure of the polymerization reactor is lowered. However, the vinyl chloride polymer obtained by the above method slightly increased the polymerization conversion rate, but the polymerization conversion rate was 70% or more at the time when the pressure inside the polymerization reactor was lowered, so the effect of increasing the polymerization conversion rate by the initiator added at this point was insignificant. And, there is a problem that the initial colorability is deteriorated due to an increase in fisheye or an increase in fine particles. In addition, considering that the general polymerization conversion rate is 83 to 85% when considering the quality of the vinyl chloride polymer, the method of increasing the polymerization conversion rate is not very effective in improving polymerization productivity. Therefore, in order to improve the productivity of the vinyl chloride resin, many efforts are being made to shorten the polymerization reaction time.
[10]
As a method of shortening the polymerization reaction time of a vinyl chloride polymer, US Patent Publication No. 2005-0054795 describes a method of introducing an initiator having a fast half-life in the middle of the reaction. However, since the initiator having a fast half-life is introduced in the middle of the reaction by the above method, there is a problem that fish-eye may increase due to the formation of non-uniform internal particles due to the reaction heat generated locally.
[11]
In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1998-338701 discloses a method of shortening the polymerization reaction time by using an oil-soluble initiator and a water-soluble initiator in combination in the initial polymerization, and U.S. Patent No. A method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer that prevents initial discoloration under suspension polymerization using a polymerization initiator is described. However, although the effect of shortening the reaction time by the above methods can be expected to some extent, in the production of vinyl chloride polymer, vinyl chloride monomer is a material having oil-soluble properties. Most of the unreacted vinyl chloride monomers that are not converted into polymers are dissolved in the aqueous phase in the late stage of polymerization due to polymerization reactions that are present in a phase-separated state, and the polymerization reaction proceeds. The effect of shortening the reaction time is not large, and there remains a problem that fisheye is generated due to fine particles produced by the water-soluble initiator in the initial stage of the polymerization reaction.
[12]
As described above, the above methods are proposed in terms of improving polymerization productivity, or problems of poor quality such as ficia or initial coloring properties of the manufactured polymer may occur, and further, processability of the manufactured polymer may not be guaranteed. there is a problem.
[13]
Accordingly, there is a need for research on a method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer and a vinyl chloride polymer capable of improving polymerization productivity while improving the quality of the polymer, such as whiteness and initial colorability, and improving the processability of the polymer.
[14]
(Prior technical literature)
[15]
(Patent Document 1) US 2005-008027A
[16]
(Patent Document 2) US 2005-0054795A
[17]
(Patent Document 3) JP 1998-338701A
[18]
Detailed description of the invention
Technical challenge
[19]
An object of the present invention was conceived to solve the problems of the prior art, while solving the problem of low polymerization productivity when producing a vinyl chloride polymer, solving the problem of deteriorating fisheye and initial colorability due to undissolved particles of the reactant And, to provide a method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer having excellent processability, specifically, to prepare a vinyl chloride polymerization seed having a conversion rate of 5 to 20% in a prepolymerization reactor, and the vinyl chloride polymerization seed to the main polymerization reactor. It is to provide a manufacturing method for polymerizing a vinyl chloride polymer by controlling the difference in polymerization temperature between prepolymerization and main polymerization after transfer.
[20]
Another object of the present invention is a vinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity of 2.0 to 2.3, a porosity of 60% or more, and an average pore diameter of 300 nm or more, which improves the quality of polymers such as fisheye and initial colorability, and has excellent processability. It is to provide a vinyl polymer.
[21]
Means of solving the task
[22]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a vinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity (PDI) of 2.0 to 2.3, a porosity of 60% or more, and an average pore diameter of 300 nm or more.
[23]
In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a vinyl chloride polymerization seed by polymerizing a first vinyl chloride monomer to have a polymerization conversion rate of 5 to 20% in a prepolymerization reactor (step 1); And transferring the vinyl chloride polymerization seed to the main polymerization reactor, and polymerizing with a divinyl chloride monomer introduced into the main polymerization reactor to prepare a vinyl chloride polymer (Step 2), wherein the Steps 1 and Steps The difference in polymerization temperature of 2 is 5 to 15° C., and the vinyl chloride polymer is a vinyl chloride homopolymer.
[24]
Effects of the Invention
[25]
The vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention satisfies a polydispersity of 2.0 to 2.3 and a porosity of 60% or more, so that when blended with a plasticizer, it has a low melt viscosity, excellent processability, and excellent plasticizer absorption rate. There is an effect of improving the quality and initial coloring quality.
[26]
In addition, the method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention is polymerized so that the polymerization conversion rate is 5 to 20% through prepolymerization before the polymerization to prepare a vinyl chloride polymerization seed, and In this case, the polymerization reaction time is shortened by controlling the conversion rate of the polymerization seed and the difference in polymerization temperature between the pre-polymerization and the main polymerization, thereby remarkably improving the polymerization productivity. There is an effect of excellent colorability quality.
[27]
Mode for carrying out the invention
[28]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail to aid understanding of the present invention.
[29]
The terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventor may appropriately define the concept of terms in order to describe his own invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of ​​the present invention based on the principle that there is.
[30]
[31]
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity index (PDI) of 2.0 to 2.3 and a porosity of 60% or more is provided.
[32]
In addition, the average pore diameter (4V/A) of the vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention may be 300 nm or more.
[33]
In the present invention, the "vinyl chloride polymer" refers to a compound produced by polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer and may mean a polymer chain derived from a vinyl chloride monomer.
[34]
In addition, in the present invention, "polydispersity index (PDI)" is an index that serves as a standard indicating the area of ​​the molecular weight distribution, and the ratio of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) (Mw/Mn) It is a value representing That is, the polydispersity is a value obtained by dividing the weight average molecular weight by the number average molecular weight after measuring the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight. At this time, in the present invention, the number average molecular weight and the weight average molecular weight were determined by adding 0.02 g of a vinyl chloride polymer sample to 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF), dissolving it for 24 hours, filtering it with a 0.45 um filter, and then using a GPC device (Waters 2414 Refractive Index Detector, Waters 1525). Binary HPLC Pump and Waters 717 Autosampler, Waters) were used to measure at 25 ℃ and atmospheric pressure (1atm), and then standard samples (Styrene standard molecular weight (g/mol) 1320, 2750, 6760, 19700, 50600, 124000, 279000, 768000, 1540000, 2350000) is used to draw a calibration curve and then convert it.
[35]
[36]
In addition, the average pore diameter (4V/A) and porosity of the present invention are a mercury porosity analyzer under the conditions of room temperature (23±2° C.) and atmospheric pressure (1 atm), specifically Auto Pore IV 9520 ( Micromeritics) was used to measure the surface pores (Pinter), the accessible intravoid (Pacc) and the closed pores (inaccessible intravoid, Pinacc) from the amount of mercury infiltrating into the vinyl chloride polymer particles, and derived from the measurement results. Is the value. At this time, the porosity (%) represents a percentage based on volume.
[37]
As in the present invention, a vinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity of 2.0 to 2.3, a porosity of 60% or more, and an average pore diameter of 300 nm or more has excellent processability, and the problem of deteriorating the quality of fisheye and initial coloring can be improved. .
[38]
Specifically, the polyvinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity of 2.0 to 2.3 has excellent processability and good mechanical strength. On the other hand, when the polydispersity is less than 2.0, the molecular weight distribution is narrow, so processability may deteriorate during processing, and when the polydispersity exceeds 2.3, the molecular weight distribution is too wide, so that plasticizers and processing auxiliary materials, etc. When compounding, mechanical properties may deteriorate.
[39]
In addition, if the porosity is less than 60%, the porosity is too low, which may cause a problem that the absorption rate of the plasticizer and sub-materials added during processing decreases. This can cause worsening problems. In addition, when the average pore diameter is also less than 300 nm and the diameter is too small, the absorption rate of the plasticizer and the processing auxiliary material may be lowered, and thus the same problem as described above may occur.
[40]
Here, fish-eye refers to white transparent particles that occur as undissolved particles of a reactant, and is an index that can confirm the quality of the projections of the polymer. The more fisheye, the lower the quality of the polymer.
[41]
[42]
Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the vinyl chloride polymer satisfies the polydispersity and may have a porosity of 60 to 75%, more preferably a porosity of 60 to 70%. In addition, the average pore diameter may be 300 to 600 nm, more preferably the average pore diameter may be 300 to 500 nm. When the above numerical range is satisfied, the above-described compounding properties may be further maximized.
[43]
In addition, the vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a degree of polymerization of 700 to 1300, preferably 1000 to 1200. In the present invention, the "degree of polymerization" refers to the number of repeated units (units or monomers) constituting the polymer, and may be a value measured according to ASTM D1243-79.
[44]
[45]
In addition, the vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a homopolymer. The homopolymer is a polymer formed of one type of monomer, and the vinyl chloride polymer of the present invention may be a polymer polymerized using only vinyl chloride monomer.
[46]
[47]
The vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention expressing the above-described physical properties may be prepared by applying a seed polymerization method. At this time, the polymerization of the polyvinyl chloride polymerization seed can be prepared by polymerizing so that the polymerization conversion rate is 5 to 20% in the prepolymerization reactor, and the prepolymerization of the seed and the polymerization of the final vinyl chloride polymer using the seed. The difference in temperature may be 5 to 15 °C. Accordingly, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a method of preparing the vinyl chloride polymer is provided.
[48]
That is, a method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of preparing a vinyl chloride polymerization seed so that the polymerization conversion rate of the first vinyl chloride monomer is 5 to 20% in a prepolymerization reactor (step 1); And transferring the vinyl chloride polymerization seed to the main polymerization reactor, and polymerizing with the divinyl chloride monomer introduced into the main polymerization reactor to prepare a vinyl chloride polymer (Step 2), wherein, The difference between the polymerization temperature in Step 1 and Step 2 is 5 to 15° C., and the vinyl chloride polymer may be a vinyl chloride homopolymer.
[49]
In addition, the method of preparing the vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a method of preparing the above-described vinyl chloride polymer, specifically, a polydispersity of 2.0 to 2.3 and a porosity of 60% or more. have. Alternatively, it may be a method of preparing a vinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity of 2.0 to 2.3, a porosity of 60% or more, and an average pore diameter of 300 nm or more.
[50]
In addition, the polymerization of Step 1 and Step 2 may be performed by suspension polymerization, and the suspension polymerization may mean that it is performed in the presence of a protective colloid preparation and a polymerization initiator. That is, the method for preparing a vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention may be to prepare a polymer by suspension seed polymerization.
[51]
As described above, in the method for preparing a vinyl chloride polymer using a suspension polymerization seed, prior to the main polymerization, a vinyl chloride polymerization seed is polymerized in a prepolymerization reactor, the vinyl chloride polymerization seed is transferred to the main polymerization reactor, and then the chlorination is introduced into the polymerization reactor. Since the suspension polymerization reaction with the vinyl monomer proceeds, the polymerization reaction time can be shortened to dramatically improve polymerization productivity, block fisheye caused by undissolved particles of the reactant, and improve initial colorability. In addition, in the present invention, when a specific polymerization conversion rate and a temperature difference between the prepolymerization and the main polymerization are satisfied, not only the above improvement, but also the polydispersity of the polymer to be produced is improved, thereby improving processability.
[52]
[53]
Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.
[54]
Step 1
[55]
Step 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a step of preparing a polyvinyl chloride polymerization seed using a prepolymerization reactor, specifically polymerizing the first vinyl chloride monomer in a prepolymerization reactor to have a polymerization conversion rate of 5 to 20%. To prepare a vinyl chloride polymerized seed. Step 1 may mean a prepolymerization step.
[56]
The vinyl chloride polymerization seed of step 1 may be prepared by a suspension polymerization method performed in the presence of a polymerization initiator and a protective colloid aid. In addition, the vinyl chloride polymerization seeds are not soluble in vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), and the size of the seed particles is 100 to 120 μm.
[57]
It is preferable to polymerize so that the polymerization conversion rate is 5 to 20% using a prepolymerization reactor to prepare a vinyl chloride polymerization seed, but more preferably the polymerization conversion rate is 5 to 15%, and even more preferably the polymerization conversion rate is 10 to It is preferable to polymerize to be 15% to prepare a vinyl chloride polymerization seed.
[58]
In the present invention, the polymerization conversion rate may be a value measured using a butane tracer equipped with gas chromatography. Specifically, the polymerization conversion rate curve according to the ratio of the vinyl chloride monomer and butane over time under certain polymerization conditions is prepared for each polymerization condition, and the polymerization conversion rate according to the polymerization conditions may be measured based on this.
[59]
In the case of preparing a polyvinyl chloride polymerization seed so that the polymerization conversion rate is less than the above range in step 1), the polymerization of the polymerization seed is not sufficiently performed and the amount of the polymerization seed introduced into the polymerization reactor is too small. It is insignificant, and in the case of preparing a polyvinyl chloride polymerization seed so that the polymerization conversion rate exceeds the above range, the polymerization seed is grown to some extent and the stability is increased, so that the combination/redispersion with the vinyl chloride monomer introduced in the polymerization reactor is It is difficult to occur, so it may be difficult to control the internal shape of the polymer particles and to control the molecular weight of the polymer.This makes it difficult to control polydispersity, porosity, average pore diameter, etc. Polymer preparation can be difficult. In addition, there may be a problem that the processability is also poor.
[60]
[61]
The polymerization of step 1) may be performed at the polymerization temperature of the vinyl chloride polymer by conventional suspension polymerization. Specifically, the suspension polymerization is performed at a temperature of 30 to 80 °C, preferably at a temperature of 45 to 75 °C. I can. The temperature during the suspension polymerization can be appropriately adjusted within the above range according to the desired polymerization degree and polymerization time (productivity). For example, in terms of the degree of polymerization, the higher the degree of polymerization, the lower the temperature, and the lower the degree of polymerization, the higher the temperature.
[62]
In addition, the stirring speed during the suspension polymerization may be a speed commonly used to prepare a vinyl chloride polymer, and can be adjusted according to the properties of the desired vinyl chloride polymer, the size of the reactor, and the shape and type of the stirrer. Therefore, although not particularly limited, for example, in an example of the present invention , the stirring speed in a reactor of 1 m 3 may be less than 180 to 250 rpm.
[63]
The step 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes preparing a reaction mixture by mixing a protective colloid preparation, a first vinyl chloride monomer, and a polymerization initiator in polymerization water. Here, the first vinyl chloride monomer refers to a vinyl chloride monomer, and may be the same as the second vinyl chloride monomer described later, and may be a specific number to distinguish the order of introduction.
[64]
In this case, the polymerization water may be used as a polymerization solvent, and various types of polymerization water such as distilled water or deionized water may be used, and deionized water may be preferably used. The temperature of the polymerization water may be appropriately selected in consideration of the temperature at which suspension polymerization is performed, and the amount of the polymerization water may be appropriately used according to polymerization conditions. For example, the total content of the polymerization water in steps 1) and 2) is It may be used in an amount of 70 parts by weight or more based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the first and second vinyl chloride monomers.
[65]
The protective colloid preparation maintains the stability of the vinyl chloride monomer in the production process of the vinyl chloride polymer, and the average particle diameter, apparent specific gravity (BD), particle size distribution, and plasticizer absorption rate (CPA) of the vinyl chloride polymer of a desired degree, etc. It can be used for the purpose of obtaining physical properties of, and as the protective colloid preparation, for example, a hydration degree of 30 to 90%, a viscosity of a 4% aqueous solution at room temperature of 5 to 100 cps, a vinyl alcohol-based resin, a methoxy group of 15 And at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose and unsaturated organic acids having a viscosity of 10 to 20,000 cps of a 2% aqueous solution measured at 23±5°C, and 3 to 20% by weight of a hydroxypropyl group, and Preferably, the degree of hydration is 30 to 90%, the viscosity of the 4% aqueous solution at room temperature is 5 to 100 cps vinyl alcohol-based resin, the methoxy group is 15 to 40% by weight, the propyl hydroxide group is 3 to 20% by weight, and at room temperature ( 20 ± 5 ℃), the viscosity of the 2% aqueous solution measured at 10 to 20,000 cps cellulose, or a mixture thereof. In this case, the unit% of the degree of hydration can be interpreted as weight %.
[66]
[67]
In addition, the total amount of the protective colloid preparation in steps 1) and 2) may be 0.03 to 5.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.05 to 2.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the first and second vinyl chloride monomers. If the total amount of the protective colloid aid is less than 0.03 parts by weight, droplet stability is poor, the particle size of the polymerization seed and the final polymerized vinyl chloride polymer is excessively increased, and there is a risk of occurrence of fisheye, and when it exceeds 5.0 parts by weight, fine particles There is a concern that the initial coloring property may be deteriorated due to the increase in the amount.
[68]
On the other hand, in an example of the present invention, the protective colloid preparation may include a mixture of two or more vinyl alcohol-based resins having different hydration degrees, for example, a vinyl alcohol-based resin having a hydration degree of more than 50% and not more than 90% (high hydration resin ) And a vinyl alcohol-based resin (low hydration resin) having a hydration degree of 30% to 50%.
[69]
In addition, the protective colloid preparation may include the cellulose in addition to the vinyl alcohol-based resin, and in this case, the total content of the cellulose is 0.001 to 0.5 parts by weight based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the first and second vinyl chloride monomers. It may be included in an amount, and the cellulose may include methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and any one or a mixture of two or more of them may be used. Among them, it may be hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and more specifically, the cellulose has a methoxy group of 15 to 40% by weight and a propyl hydroxide group of 3 to 20% by weight, and the viscosity of a 2% aqueous solution measured at 20±5°C is 10 To 20,000 cps.
[70]
In addition, the unsaturated organic acid polymer may include an acrylic acid polymer, a methacrylic acid polymer, an itaconic acid polymer, a fumaric acid polymer, a maleic acid polymer, or a succinic acid polymer, and any one or a mixture of two or more of them may be used.
[71]
[72]
In addition, the total content of the polymerization initiator in step 1) and step 2) according to an embodiment of the present invention may be used in an amount of 0.02 parts by weight to 0.2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the first and second vinyl chloride monomers used for polymerization. I can. Specifically, the polymerization initiator may be used in an amount of 0.03 parts by weight to 0.12 parts by weight based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the first and second vinyl chloride monomers. If the total content of the polymerization initiator is less than 0.02 parts by weight, the polymerization reaction time is prolonged, and the conversion rate to the vinyl chloride polymer is lowered, so that productivity may be lowered.If it exceeds 0.2 parts by weight, the polymerization initiator is not completely consumed during the polymerization process. It is not possible to remain in the final produced vinyl chloride polymer, and there is a concern that the thermal stability and color quality of the polymer may be deteriorated.
[73]
The polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but, for example, dicumyl peroxide-based initiators such as dicumyl peroxide, dipentyl peroxide, di-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl peroxide, and dilauroyl peroxide, Peroxydicarbonate-based initiators such as diisopropylperoxydicarbonate, di-sec-butylperoxydicarbonate, di-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate, and cumylperoxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxy neodecanoate, t- Butylperoxy neoheptanoate, t-amylperoxy neodecanoate, cumyl peroxyneodecanoate, cumyl peroxy neoheptanoate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl peroxyneodecanoate Peroxy ester-based initiators such as ethane and hydroxy-dimethylbutyl peroxy ester, azo compounds such as azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, and sulfate-based initiators such as potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate. And these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[74]
The method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention may include stirring the reaction mixture prepared above, and suspension polymerization may be performed through the stirring.
[75]
In addition, the method for preparing a vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ), sodium borate (Na 2 B 4 O 7 ), and dibasic sodium phosphate (Na 2 HPO ) as a hydrogen ion concentration adjusting agent as needed. 4 ), sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ), ammonium hydroxide (NH 4 OH), potassium tartrate (KHC 4 H 4 O 6 ), potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHC 8 H 4 O 4 ) or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ), or a mixture of two or more of them may be further included.
[76]
In addition, the method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention is a crosslinking agent, if necessary, diaryl maleate (DAM, DiAllyl Maleate), diaryl phthalate (DAP, DiAllyl Phthalate), ethyl glycol dimethyl acrylate. (EGDMA, Ethyl Glycol DiMethyl Acrylate) or triaryl isocyanurate (TAIC, TriAllyl Isocyanurate), or a mixture of two or more of them may be further included.
[77]
[78]
In addition, at any one point in the specific polymerization conversion range in step 1), the prepared vinyl chloride polymerization seed and the unreacted monomer are all transferred to the polymerization reactor to proceed with the polymerization.
[79]
[80]
Step 2
[81]
Step 2) according to an embodiment of the present invention is a step of preparing a vinyl chloride polymer through this polymerization using the vinyl chloride polymerization seed prepared in step 1), and specifically, the vinyl chloride polymerization of step 1). It may be a step of transferring the seed to the main polymerization reactor and polymerizing with the divinyl chloride monomer introduced into the main polymerization reactor to produce a vinyl chloride polymer. In addition, the step 2) may mean the main polymerization step. In addition, the vinyl chloride polymer prepared after performing step 2) may be a homopolymer.
[82]
That is, in the step 2), the vinyl chloride polymerization seed of the step 1) is transferred to the main polymerization reactor, and the polyvinyl chloride monomer introduced into the main polymerization reactor and the transferred vinyl chloride polymerization seed are polymerized to obtain a vinyl chloride polymer. It may be to manufacture.
[83]
[84]
In the method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention, since the compatibility between monomers is superior compared to the process for producing a copolymer as a vinyl chloride homopolymer is produced, polymerization productivity can be remarkably improved.
[85]
In addition, in the case of a copolymer, it is not easy to control the degree of polymerization because the structure and properties of the entire polymer may vary depending on the type and content ratio of the comonomer copolymerized with the vinyl chloride monomer. As a method of doing so, it is difficult to secure the reliability of the measurement value of the polymerization degree, and thus there is a problem in that an accurate degree of polymerization value cannot be measured. In addition, even in the case of blending with a resin composition, it is difficult to predict the blended properties compared to the homopolymer because the physical properties vary greatly depending on the type and content ratio of the comonomer as described above, so it is not easy to control the quality of the molded article. Accordingly, the vinyl chloride polymer of the present invention is characterized by ensuring excellent polymerization productivity and blending properties while solving all the problems of the copolymer by specifying it as a vinyl chloride homopolymer.
[86]
[87]
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the order of the time point at which the vinyl chloride polymerization seed prepared in step 1) is transferred and the time point at which the second vinyl chloride monomer is introduced into the polymerization reactor is not particularly limited, for example, the present invention. The polyvinyl chloride polymerization seed may be transferred to the main polymerization reactor while the polymerization reactor is filled with a divinyl chloride monomer, or the polyvinyl chloride polymerization seed is transferred to the main polymerization reactor, followed by dichlorideization in the main polymerization reactor. It is also possible to add a vinyl monomer. As another example, the transfer of the vinyl chloride polymerization seed and the introduction of the second vinyl chloride monomer into the polymerization reactor may be performed simultaneously.
[88]
[89]
In the step 2), the suspension polymerization method described above in step 1) may be applied in the same manner, and specifically, suspension polymerization may be performed in the presence of a protective colloid preparation and a polymerization initiator in addition to the vinyl chloride polymerization seed transferred in step 1). have. At this time, the protective colloid preparation and the polymerization initiator may be added to the polymerization reactor at the same time as the second vinyl chloride monomer, or may be added to the polymerization reactor before the second vinyl chloride monomer is added. In addition, the protective colloid preparation and polymerization initiator may be selected from the above-described types of protective colloid preparation and polymerization initiator in step 1), and the protective colloid preparation and polymerization initiator applied in step 2) are used in step 1). It may be the same as or different from the protective colloid preparation and polymerization initiator of. In addition, in step 2), the polymerized water described in step 1) may be further included in the reaction mixture, and a hydrogen ion concentration adjusting agent and a crosslinking agent may be further added if necessary. In this case, the polymerized water, the hydrogen ion concentration regulator, and the crosslinking agent applied in step 2) may be the same as or different from the polymerized water, the hydrogen ion concentration regulator, and the crosslinking agent in step 1).
[90]
In addition, the polymerization temperature of step 2) may be a temperature having a difference of 5 to 15 °C from the polymerization temperature of step 1), preferably, the difference between the polymerization temperature of steps 1) and 2) is 10 to 15 °C. Can be When the difference between the polymerization temperatures of steps 1) and 2) satisfies 5 to 15° C., a vinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity of 2.0 to 2.3 may be prepared, and the vinyl chloride polymer has the polydispersity. There is an effect of improving processability.
[91]
In addition, the polymerization temperature of step 1) and step 2) is not particularly limited to that of step 1) higher or lower than that of step 2), provided that the temperature difference in the above-described range is found, and the improvement of physical properties of the vinyl chloride polymer to be produced The polymerization temperature in step 2) may be adjusted higher than the polymerization temperature in step 1), but it is preferable that the polymerization temperature in step 1) is higher than in step 2) in consideration of the polymerization productivity and reduction of polymerization time. In addition, the above-described first vinyl chloride monomer and second vinyl chloride monomer are terms for distinguishing the order of addition, and in order to prepare a vinyl chloride homopolymer, the first vinyl chloride monomer and the second vinyl chloride monomer are the same vinyl chloride monomer. It is preferable to be.
[92]
In addition, the second vinyl chloride monomer of step 2) may have a higher input content than the first vinyl chloride monomer of step 1), and the weight ratio of the first vinyl chloride monomer and the second vinyl chloride monomer is, for example, 1: It may be 1.2 to 1:10, preferably 1:2 to 1:8.
[93]
Furthermore, step 2) of the method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include terminating the polymerization and recovering the product (vinyl chloride polymer).
[94]
In this case, the suspension polymerization can be terminated by adding a reaction terminator, and the termination point is a point in which the pressure in the reactor is 6 kgf/cm 2 to 8 kgf/cm 2 (or the polymerization conversion rate exceeds 85%. ).
[95]
The reaction terminator is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a phenol compound, an amine compound, a nitrile compound, or a sulfur compound. Specifically, the reaction terminating agent is triethylene glycol-bis-3-(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionate, hydroquinone, p-methoxyphenol, t-butylhydro Roxyanisole, n-octadecyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylphenyl)propionate, 2,5-di-t-butyl hydroquinone, 4,4'-part Phenol compounds such as thilidenebis (3-methyl-6-t-butyl phenol), t-butyl catechol, 4,4'-thiobis (6-t-butyl-m-cresol), and tocophenol, N, Amine compounds such as N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-bis(dimethylbenzyl)diphenylamine, 2-phenyl nitronylnitroxide, 3-imida 3-imidazoline nitroxide, 4-hydroxy-2,2',6,6'-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl (4-hydroxy-2,2',6,6' Nitrile compounds such as -tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl), sulfur compounds such as dodecyl mercaptan, 1,2-diphenyl-2-thiol, triphenylphosphite, diphenyldecyl phosphite, phenylisodecyl phosphite , Tri(nonylphenyl) phosphite and trilauryl trithiophosphite may be one or more selected from phosphoric acid compounds, preferably triethylene glycol-bis-3-(3-t-butyl-4- Hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionate.
[96]
The vinyl chloride polymer prepared by stopping the polymerization may be in the form of a slurry, and the slurry may be prepared in the form of a final vinyl chloride polymer by removing moisture with a fluidized bed dryer under normal reaction conditions.
[97]
[98]
In addition, in the polymerization of step 1) and step 2), additives such as polymerization regulator, chain transfer agent, pH adjuster, antioxidant, crosslinking agent, antistatic agent, anti-scale agent, surfactant, etc. are added as needed in addition to the above-described active ingredients. It may be added, and the type and content of the additive is not particularly limited and may be used in a conventional type and content known in the art. The above additives may be added at any point during suspension polymerization, during polymerization or after polymerization, and may be added in batches or continuously.
[99]
[100]
The reactor used in the present invention is not particularly limited in shape of a stirring device such as a stirrer and a baffle, and a stirring device generally used for suspension polymerization of a vinyl chloride polymer may be used. As a specific example, as a stirrer, the stirring blades can be used alone or as 2 A stirrer in combination with more than one kind of stirring blade may be used, and the baffle may be a plate type, a cylinder type, a D type, a loop type, or a finger type.
[101]
[102]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by examples and experimental examples. However, the following examples and experimental examples are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[103]
[104]
Example 1
[105]
In a reactor with an internal volume of 0.2㎥ (pre-polymerization reactor), 90kg of deionized water, 45g of hydroxy-dimethylbutyl peroxy ester, 60g of polyvinyl alcohol with a degree of hydration of 80% and a viscosity of 30cps of a 4% aqueous solution at room temperature, degree of hydration 40% of polyvinyl alcohol having a viscosity of 40% and a viscosity of 20 cps of a 4% aqueous solution at room temperature was added to the reactor, and after vacuum was applied, 75 kg of vinyl chloride monomer was added, and the polymerization reaction temperature was raised to 62°C to proceed with the polymerization reaction. When the polymerization conversion rate is 13% (13±2%), the vinyl chloride polymerization seed and unreacted monomer are all transferred to the polymerization reactor. At this time, the polymerization conversion rate was measured using a butane tracer equipped with gas chromatography. Under certain polymerization conditions, a polymerization conversion rate curve according to the ratio of the vinyl chloride monomer and butane over time is prepared for each polymerization condition, and the polymerization conversion rate according to the polymerization conditions can be measured based on this.
[106]
360 kg of deionized water, 60 g of cumylperoxydicarbonate, and 120 g of t-butylperoxy neodecanoate were added to a reactor (main polymerization reactor) having an internal volume of 1 m 3 having a reflux condenser, and the hydration degree was 80% and 4 at room temperature. % The aqueous solution has a viscosity of 30 cps, polyvinyl alcohol 150 g, a hydration degree of 40%, and a 4% aqueous solution at room temperature has a viscosity of 20 cps, polyvinyl alcohol 120 g, and a hydroxypropyl group of 10% by weight and a 2% aqueous solution measured at room temperature. 30 g of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose having a viscosity of 100 pcs is added, vacuum is applied, and 300 kg of vinyl chloride monomer is added.
[107]
When the transfer of the polyvinyl chloride seeds and unreacted monomers from the prepolymerization reactor is completed, the polymerization reaction temperature is adjusted to 57°C and the reaction proceeds while maintaining the entire polymerization reaction, and when the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.5 kgf/cm2, triethylene After 60 g of glycol-bis-3-(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionate (antioxidant) was added, the unreacted monomer was recovered and the polymer slurry was recovered in the polymerization reactor. At the end of the polymerization, the polymerization conversion rate was 84% ​​(84±2%). The obtained slurry was dried in a fluidized bed dryer by a conventional method to obtain a vinyl chloride polymer.
[108]
[109]
Example 2
[110]
The polymerization reaction proceeds by raising the polymerization reaction temperature in the prepolymerization reactor to 67°C, and the polymerization reaction proceeds by adjusting the polymerization reaction temperature in the polymerization reactor to 56°C, and then the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.3 kgf/cm2 ( The polymerization conversion rate was 84% ​​(84±2%), except that the polymerization reaction was terminated, and a vinyl chloride polymer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 above.
[111]
[112]
Example 3
[113]
The polymerization reaction proceeds by raising the polymerization reaction temperature of the prepolymerization reactor to 70°C, and the polymerization reaction proceeds by adjusting the polymerization reaction temperature of the polymerization reactor to 55.5°C, and then the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.2 kgf/cm2 ( The polymerization conversion rate was 84% ​​(84±2%), except that the polymerization reaction was terminated, and a vinyl chloride polymer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 above.
[114]
[115]
Example 4
[116]
The polymerization reaction proceeds by raising the polymerization reaction temperature in the prepolymerization reactor to 67 ℃, and transfers all the vinyl chloride polymerization seeds and unreacted monomers prepared at the time when the polymerization conversion rate is 7% (7±2%) to the main polymerization reactor. Then, the polymerization reaction proceeds by adjusting the polymerization reaction temperature of the polymerization reactor to 57 ℃, and then polymerization reaction at the point when the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.5 kgf/㎠ (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)) A vinyl chloride polymer was obtained by carrying out in the same manner as in Example 1, except for ending.
[117]
[118]
Example 5
[119]
The polymerization reaction proceeds by raising the polymerization reaction temperature in the prepolymerization reactor to 68 ℃, and transfers all the vinyl chloride polymerization seeds and unreacted monomers prepared at the time when the polymerization conversion rate is 18% (18±2%) to the main polymerization reactor. Then, the polymerization reaction proceeds by adjusting the polymerization reaction temperature of the polymerization reactor to 54.5 ℃, and then polymerization reaction at the point when the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.0 kgf/㎠ (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)) A vinyl chloride polymer was obtained by carrying out in the same manner as in Example 1, except for ending.
[120]
[121]
Example 6
[122]
The polymerization reaction proceeds by raising the polymerization reaction temperature in the prepolymerization reactor to 54.5 ℃, and transfers all the vinyl chloride polymerization seeds and unreacted monomers prepared at the time when the polymerization conversion rate is 13% (13±2%) to the main polymerization reactor. Then, the polymerization reaction proceeds by adjusting the polymerization reaction temperature of the polymerization reactor to 60 ℃, and then polymerization reaction at the point when the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 7.0 kgf/㎠ (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)) A vinyl chloride polymer was obtained by carrying out in the same manner as in Example 1, except for ending.
[123]
[124]
Comparative Example 1
[125]
360 kg of deionized water, 60 g of cumylperoxydicarbonate, and 120 g of t-butylperoxy neodecanoate were added to a reactor with an internal volume of 1㎥ having a reflux condenser, and the hydration degree was 80% and the viscosity of the 4% aqueous solution at room temperature was 30 cps polyvinyl alcohol 150 g, hydration degree 40%, 4% aqueous solution at room temperature has a viscosity of 20 cps polyvinyl alcohol 120 g, hydroxypropyl group is 10 wt% and 2% aqueous solution has a viscosity of 100 pcs. 30 g of propylmethyl cellulose was added to the reactor, and after vacuum was applied, 300 kg of vinyl chloride monomer was added. The polymerization reaction proceeds while the polymerization reaction temperature is raised to 57°C and maintained throughout the polymerization reaction. When the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.5kgf/cm2 (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)), 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine- After adding 15 g of 1-oxyl and 60 g of triethylene glycol-bis-3-(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionate, the unreacted monomer was recovered and the polymer slurry was recovered from the polymerization reactor. I did. The thus obtained slurry was dried in a fluidized bed dryer by a conventional method to obtain a vinyl chloride polymer.
[126]
[127]
Comparative Example 2
[128]
450 kg of deionized water, 75 g of cumylperoxydicarbonate, and 150 g of t-butylperoxy neodecanoate were added to a reactor with an internal volume of 1㎥ having a reflux condenser, and the hydration degree was 80% and the viscosity of 4% aqueous solution at room temperature 30 cps polyvinyl alcohol 188 g, hydration degree 40%, 4% aqueous solution at room temperature has a viscosity of 20 cps polyvinyl alcohol 150 g, hydroxypropyl group is 10%, and 2% aqueous solution at room temperature has a viscosity of 100 pcs. 37 g of methyl cellulose was added to the reactor, vacuum was applied, and 375 kg of vinyl chloride monomer was added. The polymerization reaction proceeds while the polymerization reaction temperature was raised to 57°C and maintained throughout the polymerization reaction. When the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.5kgf/cm2 (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)), 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine- After adding 15 g of 1-oxyl and 75 g of triethylene glycol-bis-3-(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate, the unreacted monomer was recovered and the polymer slurry was recovered from the polymerization reactor. I did. The thus obtained slurry was dried in a fluidized bed dryer by a conventional method to obtain a vinyl chloride polymer.
[129]
[130]
Comparative Example 3
[131]
The polymerization reaction proceeds by raising the polymerization reaction temperature in the prepolymerization reactor to 60 ℃, and transfers all the vinyl chloride polymerization seeds and unreacted monomers prepared at the time when the polymerization conversion rate is 3% (3±1%) to the main polymerization reactor. Then, the polymerization reaction proceeds by adjusting the polymerization reaction temperature of this polymerization reactor to 57 ℃, and then polymerization reaction at the point when the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.5 kgf/㎠ (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)) A vinyl chloride polymer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except for ending.
[132]
[133]
Comparative Example 4
[134]
The polymerization reaction proceeds by raising the polymerization reaction temperature in the prepolymerization reactor to 65 ℃, and transfers all the vinyl chloride polymerization seeds and unreacted monomers prepared at the time when the polymerization conversion rate is 25% (25±2%) to the main polymerization reactor. Then, the polymerization reaction proceeds by adjusting the polymerization reaction temperature of the polymerization reactor to 56 ℃, and then polymerization reaction at the point when the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.3 kgf/㎠ (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)) A vinyl chloride polymer was obtained by carrying out in the same manner as in Example 1, except for ending.
[135]
[136]
Comparative Example 5
[137]
The polymerization reaction proceeds by raising the polymerization reaction temperature in the prepolymerization reactor to 69 ℃, and transfers all the vinyl chloride polymerization seeds and unreacted monomers prepared at the time when the polymerization conversion rate is 18% (18±2%) to the main polymerization reactor. Then, the polymerization reaction proceeds by adjusting the polymerization reaction temperature of the polymerization reactor to 52 ℃, and then polymerization reaction at the point when the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 5.7 kgf/cm2 (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)). A vinyl chloride polymer was obtained by carrying out in the same manner as in Example 1, except for ending.
[138]
[139]
Comparative Example 6
[140]
Example 1, except that the polymerization temperature was raised to 57 °C in the prepolymerization reactor, and the polymerization reaction was terminated at the point of reaching 6.5 kgf/cm 2 in this polymerization (the polymerization conversion rate was 84% ​​(84±2%)). Performed in the same manner as to obtain a vinyl chloride polymer.
[141]
[142]
Comparative Example 7
[143]
80 kg of deionized water was added to a reactor with an internal volume of 0.2 m 3 equipped with a reflux condenser , 25 g of polyvinyl alcohol with a degree of hydration of 80%, 20 g of polyvinyl alcohol with a degree of hydration of 42%, and 5 g of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose were added. Into the reactor, after adding 34 kg of a mixture (weight ratio = 95:5) of di(2-ethylhexyl) maleate and di(2-ethylhexyl) fumalate together with 50 kg of vinyl chloride monomer (weight ratio = 95:5), di-2- 30 g of ethylhexylperoxy dicarbonate was added to initiate the reaction. During the entire process of the polymerization reaction, the reaction was maintained at 57° C. and the reaction was proceeded, and both the reaction product and the unreacted monomer prepared at a time of 15% (15±2%) polymerization conversion were transferred to the second polymerization reactor.
[144]
360 kg of deionized water was added to a reactor having an internal volume of 1 m 3 having a reflux condenser, 150 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydration of 80%, 120 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydration of 42%, and 30 g of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose were added to the reactor. Then, after adding 300 kg of vinyl chloride monomer, 60 g of dicumyl peroxide and 120 g of t-butyl peroxy neodecanoate were added to initiate the reaction.
[145]
During the entire polymerization reaction, the reaction proceeds while maintaining at 50°C, and at the point when the polymerization reactor pressure reaches 6.0kgf/cm 2 (the polymerization conversion rate is 84% ​​(84±2%)), as a reaction terminator , 4- Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl 5g, triethylene glycol-bis-3-(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionate After 35 g of was added, the unreacted monomer was separated and recovered, and the prepared copolymer was recovered from the polymerization reactor, and then dried in a fluidized bed dryer to obtain a copolymer.
[146]
[147]
Table 1 below summarizes the polymerization conditions for the prepolymerization and main polymerization of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7.
[148]
[149]
[Table 1]
Monomer (polymer) Pre-polymerization conversion rate (%) Pre-polymerization temperature (℃) Main polymerization temperature (℃)
Example One Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 13(13±2) 62 57
2 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 13(13±2) 67 56
3 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 13(13±2) 70 55.5
4 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 7(7±2) 67 57
5 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 18(18±2) 68 54.5
6 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 13(13±2) 54.5 60
Comparative example One Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) -(Single reaction) - 57
2 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) -(Single reaction) - 57
3 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 3(3±1) 60 57
4 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 25(25±2) 65 56
5 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 18(18±2) 69 52
6 Vinyl chloride (homopolymer) 13(13±2) 57 57
7 Vinyl chloride, di(2-ethylhexyl) maleate and di(2-ethylhexyl) fumalate (copolymer) 15(15±2) 57 50
[150]
[151]
Here, the prepolymerization conversion rate (%) means the polymerization conversion rate in the prepolymerization reaction immediately before transfer to the main polymerization reactor.
[152]
[153]
Experimental Example 1: Evaluation of polymerization productivity and polymer properties
[154]
1) Evaluation of polymerization productivity
[155]
In order to evaluate the polymerization productivity of the vinyl chloride polymers of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, the output of PVC polymers produced per hour in units of production per batch was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
[156]
2) Measurement of polymerization degree
[157]
Measured by ASTM D1243-79.
[158]
3) Molecular weight measurement
[159]
The weight average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn) and polydispersity of the vinyl chloride polymers prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were measured, respectively. Specifically, 0.02 g of a vinyl chloride polymer sample was put in 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF), dissolved for 24 hours, filtered through a 0.45 um filter, and then filtered by a GPC device (Waters 2414 Refractive Index Detector, Waters 1525 Binary HPLC Pump and Waters 717 Autosampler, Waters Corporation. ) At 25 ℃ and at atmospheric pressure (1 atm), and then use standard samples (Styrene standard molecular weight (g/mol) 1320, 2750, 6760, 19700, 50600, 124000, 279000, 768000, 1540000, 2350000) The calibration curve was drawn and converted to determine Mw and Mn, respectively, and polydispersity was determined from the ratio of Mw/Mn. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
[160]
4) Pore characteristics measurement
[161]
The porosity properties of the vinyl chloride polymers prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were measured by a method using mercury permeation (mercury porosimetry). Specifically, surface pores (Pinter) from the amount of mercury infiltrating into the vinyl chloride polymer particles using a mercury porosity analyzer (Auto Pore IV 9520, manufactured by Micromeritics) under the conditions of room temperature (23±2 ℃) and atmospheric pressure (1 atm), The open pores (accessible intravoid, Pacc) and the closed pores (inaccessible intravoid, Pinacc) were respectively measured, and the average pore diameter (4V/A) and porosity were respectively calculated from the results, and the results are shown in Table 2 below. Indicated. At this time, the porosity represents a percentage of the volume.
[162]
[163]
[Table 2]
Polymerization time (min) Polymerization output per unit time Degree of polymerization Molecular weight (Mn, Mw: g/mol) Average pore diameter (nm) Porosity (%)
kg/day MT/year Mn Mw PDI
Example One 220 2048 748 1028 74014 153648 2.08 324.3 61.11
2 215 2096 765 1032 73233 155914 2.13 345.4 67.80
3 212 2125 776 1030 72082 161535 2.24 415.3 65.29
4 220 2042 746 1033 73755 158190 2.15 308.3 63.28
5 205 2202 804 1035 73126 160684 2.20 363.6 60.54
6 235 1917 700 1024 73315 151127 2.06 312.6 61.94
Comparative example One 270 1328 485 1032 75019 135296 1.80 248.6 55.59
2 280 1601 584 1030 74868 139081 1.86 255.4 56.07
3 262 1713 625 1028 72793 141528 1.94 288.9 58.59
4 220 2058 751 1034 72251 152657 2.11 334.4 51.63
5 210 2150 785 1032 70220 167411 2.38 310.4 56.07
6 240 1878 685 1030 74263 137355 1.85 251.3 56.02
7 360 1229 449 - 84386 163038 1.93 27.6 17.43
[164]
[165]
As shown in Table 2, Examples 1 to 6 in which a seed suspension polymerization method using a vinyl chloride polymerization seed was applied, and the difference between the polymerization conversion rate and each polymerization reaction temperature during the preparation of the polymerization seed was adjusted within a specific range, are Comparative Example 1 Compared to 7 to 7, the reaction time was shortened at the same conversion rate, the polymerization output per unit time was improved, and it was confirmed that the average pore diameter and porosity of the polymer to be produced have a larger value, and in particular, a porosity of 60% or more can be secured You can see what you can do. In addition, it can be seen that the polydispersity (PDI) is included in the range of 2.0 to 2.3.
[166]
Specifically, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 without seed polymerization and a polymerization seed having a polymerization conversion rate outside the numerical range of the present invention were prepared, and the polymerization temperature of the prepolymerization and the polymerization was also outside the specific numerical range in the present invention. In Example 3, compared to Examples 1 to 6, the polymerization output was significantly lower, and the polydispersity was less than 2.0, so that it could be confirmed that the properties of the specific polymer were deviated from the present invention. In addition, looking at the porosity properties in the polymer, it can be seen that the average pore diameter also has a smaller value compared to Examples 1 to 6, and the porosity has a lower value of less than 60%.
[167]
In addition, the seed polymerization was applied in the same manner as in the present invention, but in Comparative Example 4 in which the polymerization conversion rate of the seed was outside the numerical range of the present invention, the polymerization yield, polydispersity, and average pore diameter were maintained at similar levels to the present invention. It can be seen that the porosity of the polymer has a low value of less than 60%, and Comparative Example 5 in which the temperature difference between the prepolymerization and the present polymerization is out of the numerical range of the present invention has a polymerization yield and an average pore diameter similar to that of the present invention. However, it can be seen that the polydispersity exceeds 2.0 and is out of the scope of the present invention, and the porosity also has a low value of less than 60%.
[168]
In addition, the seed polymerization rate is in the same numerical range as in the Example, but Comparative Example 6, in which the polymerization temperature of the pre-polymerization and the main polymerization was kept the same, had an insignificant productivity improvement effect compared to Examples 1 to 6, and the porosity was less than 60%. And polydispersity also has a value of less than 2.0, so it can be confirmed that the desired level is not reached. In Comparative Example 7 prepared, it can be confirmed that the average pore diameter and porosity cannot meet the physical properties according to an embodiment of the present invention due to the influence of the comonomer, and the polydispersity also has a low value of less than 2.0. have. In particular, it can be seen that Comparative Example 7 had a longer polymerization time than Examples 1 to 6, and that the amount of polymerization produced per unit time was significantly lower. In addition, since Comparative Example 7 is a copolymer using two types of monomers, it is difficult to measure a reliable polymerization degree value.
[169]
[170]
Experimental Example 2: Evaluation of polymer blending properties
[171]
[172]
1) Initial colorability evaluation
[173]
In order to evaluate the initial colorability of the vinyl chloride polymers of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, 1 part by weight of a tin stabilizer, 0.5 parts by weight of a lead stabilizer, and a stabilizer based on 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride polymer of each Example and Comparative Example 1.5 parts by weight and 45 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DOP) were blended, and kneaded at 150° C. for 5 minutes using a roll to obtain a sheet. This sheet was cut and stacked, and a compressed sheet was obtained through press molding. In addition, Comparative Example 7 was compounded, kneaded, and compressed in the same manner as above, except that 45 parts by weight of a plasticizer was added to obtain a compressed sheet. This was observed and evaluated with the naked eye, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
[174]
(Double-circle): Compared with Comparative Example 1, the degree of coloring is the same as this, and there is no problem in practical use.
[175]
(Circle): It is slightly inferior compared with Comparative Example 1, but is the degree of coloring to the extent that there is no abnormality, and the level which is practically no problem.
[176]
X: Compared with Comparative Example 1, the degree of coloring is clearly different, and there is a problem in practical use.
[177]
2) Miss Fish-eye
[178]
100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride polymer of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, 45 parts by weight of plasticizer (DOP), 0.1 parts by weight of barium stearate, 0.2 parts by weight of tin stabilizer, 0.1 parts by weight of carbon black 6 at 140° C. After mixing and kneading for 6 minutes using an inch roll, a sheet having a thickness of 0.3 mm was prepared, and the number of white transparent particles in 100 cm 2 of this sheet was expressed, and the results are shown in Table 2 below. In addition, the vinyl chloride copolymer of Comparative Example 7 was prepared in the same manner as above, except that 45 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DOP) was added, and the amount of fisheye was measured.
[179]
3) Melt viscosity measurement (evaluation of processability)
[180]
Mixing 45 parts by weight of a plasticizer (DOP) with respect to each 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride polymers of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and melt viscosity using a capillary rheometer (RHEO-TESTER 2000, GOTTFERT) Was measured, and the results are shown in Table 3 below. In addition, in Comparative Example 7, the melt viscosity was measured without adding a plasticizer to the vinyl chloride copolymer.
[181]
[182]
[Table 3]
Fisheye Su Initial colorability Melt viscosity (Pa·s)
shear rate (1/s)
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 1000
Example One 3 ◎ 775.31 606.63 511.2 382.55 331.23 268.28 246.72 224.68 188.85
2 4 ◎ 706.34 512.51 437.67 342.25 309.07 266.78 226.45 221.54 162.83
3 2 ○ 648.25 502.65 381.9 303.24 231.48 206.44 164.17 142.69 122.11
4 3 ◎ 740.35 576.47 453.21 350.83 300.55 251.23 512.54 176.64 154.72
5 4 ○ 681.22 520.81 431.33 326.72 280.13 230.24 193.77 156.29 138.32
6 4 ◎ 742.64 596.38 493.45 372.59 321.87 264.58 240.32 220.06 177.73
Comparative example One 5 ◎ 916.38 655.36 571.78 441.18 367.59 314.93 283.62 257.65 218.62
2 6 ○ 938.41 659.14 576.09 450.92 375.62 330.68 295.08 273.96 245.72
3 5 ○ 865.72 632.14 544.92 414.56 337.35 282.15 248.64 233.6 203.42
4 20 X 757.57 592.41 491.74 393.39 301.34 268.21 214.71 188.64 161.02
5 16 X 723.03 568.45 451.23 360.87 283.99 248.35 189.95 159.53 143.17
6 2 ◎ 875.43 649.66 518.72 432.51 356.84 290.37 247.65 231.14 205.08
7 2 ○ 718.25 612.51 537.67 442.25 409.07 366.78 326.45 321.54 262.83
[183]
[184]
As shown in Table 3, Examples 1 to 6 in which a seed suspension polymerization method using a vinyl chloride polymerization seed was applied, and the difference between the polymerization conversion rate and each polymerization reaction temperature during the preparation of the polymerization seed was adjusted within a specific range, are Comparative Example 1 Since the number of fisheye has a significantly smaller value compared to 7, it can be confirmed that the quality of fisheye (protrusion quality) is improved, and the initial colorability is also expressed at an excellent level. In addition, Examples 1 to 6 can be confirmed that the melt viscosity is low compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 3, 6 and 7, low melt viscosity means good flowability, indicating that it can have excellent processability. It is an indicator. Accordingly, it can be seen that Examples 1 to 6 have improved processability compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 3, 6 and 7.
[185]
On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 4 and 5, it can be seen that the melt viscosity is similar to that of the present invention, but the number of fisheye is remarkably high, and the quality of the initial colorability is also deteriorated to a level that has a practical problem.
[186]
[187]
The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to understand that other specific forms can be easily modified without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not limiting.
[188]
Claims
[Claim 1]
A vinyl chloride polymer having a polydispersity (PDI) of 2.0 to 2.3 and a porosity of 60% or more.
[Claim 2]
The vinyl chloride polymer of claim 1, wherein the vinyl chloride polymer has an average pore diameter (4V/A) of 300 nm or more.
[Claim 3]
The vinyl chloride polymer according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the vinyl chloride polymer is 60 to 75%.
[Claim 4]
The vinyl chloride polymer of claim 1, wherein the vinyl chloride polymer has an average pore diameter of 300 to 600 nm.
[Claim 5]
The vinyl chloride polymer according to claim 1, wherein the vinyl chloride polymer is a vinyl chloride homopolymer.
[Claim 6]
Polymerizing the first vinyl chloride monomer so that the polymerization conversion rate is 5 to 20% in a prepolymerization reactor to prepare a vinyl chloride polymerization seed (step 1); And transferring the vinyl chloride polymerization seed to the main polymerization reactor, and polymerizing with the divinyl chloride monomer introduced into the main polymerization reactor to prepare a vinyl chloride polymer (Step 2), wherein Step 1 and Step The difference in polymerization temperature of 2 is 5 to 15° C., and the vinyl chloride polymer is a vinyl chloride homopolymer.
[Claim 7]
The method of claim 6, wherein the polymerization in steps 1 and 2 is suspension polymerization, and the suspension polymerization is carried out in the presence of a protective colloid preparation and a polymerization initiator.
[Claim 8]
The method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to claim 6, wherein the difference between the polymerization temperature in Step 1 and Step 2 is 10 to 15°C.
[Claim 9]
The method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to claim 6, wherein the vinyl chloride polymerization seed is prepared by polymerization to have a polymerization conversion rate of 5 to 15%.
[Claim 10]
The method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer according to claim 6, wherein the polymerization temperature in step 1 is higher than the polymerization temperature in step 2.
[Claim 11]
The method of claim 6, wherein the first vinyl chloride monomer and the second vinyl chloride monomer are the same vinyl chloride monomer.